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Este trabalho acadêmico pretende apresentar o desempenho do trabalho realizado pela Associação de Pais e Amigos dos Excepcionais-APAE e do Instituto Irmãos Maristas na cidade de Iguatu-CE, sob o olhar da Ética do Cuidado. O texto inicia fazendo referência à situação social do município de Iguatu-CE, sua origem e principais ações desenvolvidas pelo gestor local e estatal. Em seguida, realiza um estudo sobre essas Instituições, discorrendo sobre suas origens, levando em consideração o Síndrome de Down (APAE) e a bibliografia de Marcelino Champagnat (Instituto Irmãos Maristas). Continuando, é feita uma análise das atividades realizadas pelas organizações sob a perspectiva da Ética do Cuidado, tendo como base o amor ao próximo, a solidariedade e o respeito às diferenças, quer sejam, sociais, culturais e econômicas, visando, assim, o fim da discriminação e do preconceito. Por fim promove-se uma avaliação das atividades e projetos desenvolvidos por essas organizações, baseada nas estruturas físicas e humanas e alicerçadas na Ética do Cuidado. Palavras / This academic work aims to present the performance of the work done by the Association of Parents and Friends of Exceptional Children and The Marist Brothers Institute in the city of Iguatu-CE, under the gaze of the Ethics of Care. The text begins with a reference to the social situation of the municipality of Iguatu-CE, its origins and main activities developed by local and state managers. Next, a study is carried out on these institutions, focusing on its origins and taking into account the Down Syndrome (APAE) and the bibliography of Marcelino Champagnat (The Marist Brothers Institute). It is also an analysis of activities performed by organizations under the perspective of an Ethics of Care, based on the love of ones neighbor, solidarity and respect for differences, whether of a social, cultural or economic order, striving to put an end to discrimination and prejudice. Finally an assessment of activities and projects developed by the organizations mentioned above is promoted based on the physical and human resources and based on an Ethics of Care.

For years, scholars have investigated the effectiveness of aid dollars Some scholars measure aid effectiveness at the country level in terms of achieving good governance, promoting democratic accountability, accomplishing growth goals, or attaining macroeconomic goals This study looks at the aid flowing through nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) It posits that effective aid consists of resources and processes that promote sustainability It attempts to uncover the meaning of sustainability for the NGOs and recipients that are involved in agriculture while surveying how the aid process works It looks at NGOs and recipients, resource flow, and activities, and sought to understand the elements that could render aid more or less effective in achieving sustainability in agricultural sectors This study uses a qualitative case study research strategy that focused on developing theory/hypotheses grounded in the data and the literature (Agranoff, Radin, & Perry, 1991) This approach is adopted because (a) the meaning and promotion of sustainability is a complex topic, (b) aid effectiveness is a multi-faceted puzzle, (c) NGOs represent a diverse group, (d) the collaborative process is complicated, and (e) the context (Haiti) is a challenging place It uses a data triangulation process (Denzin, 1989, 1997) by combining different types of data and sources (personal interviews, observations, and documentation) to arrive at a convergent understanding of the elements that are more or less likely to influence the NGO aid process in the promotion of sustainability in agriculture This study finds that most NGOs and recipients focus on one or two dimensions of sustainability (economic or environmental); the social or cultural dimensions are somewhat neglected I also find that funding and funding horizons are two of the major issues that impede the promotion of sustainability in addition to communication and collaboration in the design of the plans, execution, and follow-up Recipient education, paternalistic attitude, and poverty levels also play a major role in promoting sustainability / Includes bibliography / Dissertation (PhD)--Florida Atlantic University, 2016 / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

abstract: This mixed-methods research study examined the level of collective action that is occurring among non-governmental organizations (NGOs) working in maternal and child health in Haiti. This study takes the view that health, and by extension, maternal and child health, is a global public good; global public goods are most efficiently provided by the means of collective action. Therefore, to the extent that maternal and child health services are provided efficiently in Haiti, collective action should be occurring. This study utilized a semi-structured interview approach to gather both qualitative and quantitative data. A total of 17 participants who were managers or executives of NGOs working in maternal and child health in Haiti were interviewed. The interviews also gathered quantitative data that characterized types of cooperation that were occurring among NGOs. The qualitative data that were collected in these interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis, and quantitative data were analyzed using social network analysis. The findings concluded that while there is cooperation occurring among NGOs in Haiti, the cooperation levels are low, networks are not very dense and there is overall general consensus that more cooperation is needed / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Global Health 2017

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo desenvolver um estudo aprofundado sobre a problemática da participação no âmbito das Organizações Não-Governamentais, segundo uma perspectiva psicanalítica de sujeito, grupos e instituições. Assentada sobre o pano de fundo da racionalidade analítica em sua dimensão intersubjetiva e tendo como horizonte a articulação psicanalítica entre sujeito e grupo na compreensão dos fenômenos sociais, a problemática da participação é inicialmente abordada por meio da análise das características dos fenômenos, tal como descritos pelos diferentes conceitos de participação na literatura estudada das ciências sociais. Delineados dois fenômenos de naturezas distintas aquele referido ao ato racional do indivíduo balizado pelo enquadre institucional e outro referido à coletividade, com processos próprios e tendência à irracionalidade, insurgida às margens do enquadre institucional vigente com o objetivo de transformá-lo denominados participação, propõe-se uma releitura destes, sob uma perspectiva psicanalítica. Partindo-se da premissa de ser a participação, por definição genérica, uma relação intersubjetiva, compreendendo o sujeito em sua articulação mutuamente constitutiva com o grupo, ambos sob regência de uma causalidade inconsciente, os fenômenos denominados participação pela literatura estudada são lidos aqui como parte de um mesmo processo intersubjetivo que expressa a dialética instituinte versus instituído. A partir das definições de participação instituída e participação instituinte aqui propostas e intrinsecamente relacionadas, aborda-se a problemática da participação no âmbito institucional das ONGs. Por meio de pesquisa sobre os elementos que teriam servido de berço e de fonte de legitimidade para a constituição de tais organizações nos anos 1970 e 1980 no Brasil (Centros de Educação Popular, metodologia participativas de pesquisa, movimentos sociais e associativismo característicos da formação do Terceiro Setor), demonstra-se uma relação de origem destas com uma participação de caráter instituinte (popular, espontânea e transformadora). A problemática da participação delineia-se uma vez que, sustentando-se e legitimando-se na atualidade por meio de ideologias construídas com esses sentidos instituintes de origem (transformação social e proveniência da sociedade civil), tais organizações estão hoje imersas e amarradas na institucionalidade. Ao estabelecerem relações de dependência e serem atravessadas pelas lógicas provenientes das instituições políticas e econômicas às quais o nome ONG ainda sustenta uma negação constitutiva, essas organizações instituídas na cultura em busca da perenidade evidenciam o paradoxo de se afirmarem como agentes de transformação. Trazendo à cena o sujeito psíquico na compreensão dessa dialética instituído versus instituinte que caracteriza a problemática da participação, abordam-se, sob o prisma psicanalítico, os processos institucionais e as possibilidades de mudança tomando-se as instituições não apenas como formações culturais e sociais, mas como formações psíquicas, enfatizando-se a função que cumprem tanto de regulação das relações sociais, quanto de estruturação do sujeito psíquico. A fim de complementar o estudo teórico sobre essa problemática, com um intuito empírico exploratório, são analisadas três entrevistas realizadas com gestores de ONGs buscando compreender, a partir das falas, de que modo os sujeitos entendidos aqui como sujeitos do grupo, tal como desenvolvido por René Kaës lidam com os paradoxos de suas práticas participativas uma vez inseridos no âmbito institucional dessas organizações / The objective of this research is to develop a study of the participation within Non- Governmental Organizations institutional context, using a psychoanalytic perspective of subject, group and institutions. The initial approach of the analyses is based on the evaluation of several descriptions of the phenomena named as participation by the Social Sciences Literatures. Two phenomena of different natures are outlined: one refers to the rational attitude of the individual constrained by the institutional framework; the other refers to the group taken as a process by its own, bordering the established institutional framework and aiming to transform it. A different approach from a psychoanalytical standpoint is proposed in this work. Starting from the premise that participation is an inter-subjective relationship, both natures of the phenomena are here analyzed as part of the same inter-subjective process. Based on psychoanalytical concepts, it is considered that both of them implicate the individual as well as the group on its mutual foundation, and operate under the effect of the subconscious causality. But, one takes place within an institutional framework and the other happens beyond it. Those differences outline the dialectical relationship between the institution and the instituting process. The participation issue in the institutional NGO environment is analyzed based on the definitions of participation here proposed. Based on a research of the social and historical context of the NGOs foundation in Brazil (in the 1970s and 1980s), highlighting its essential elements, it is demonstrated that the most representative NGOs were created to provide support to popular participation. Considered as spontaneously emerged, this participation phenomenon that took place during the Brazilian dictatorship and the democratic transition, appeared as an instituting process aiming transformations of the established institutions of society. Once in a democratic context, the NGOs are believed to be the representatives of the civil society for participation in public matters, as well as the protagonists of a social transformation. However, this belief built by the heritage of its instituting origins, expressed on those ideologies of social transformation and provenance from civil society, counterpoint the current instituted characteristics of those organizations. The NGOs are now well set up in society within the established institutional framework. They are constantly seeking their own survival, tied up to their financial supporters and their interests, which raises the question of what are the real demands that are being responded to and how those organizations could really act as change agents. In this sense, the participation issue within the NGO institutional context expresses a paradox between an instituting meaning of participation as represented by those organizations, and its institutional reality. In addition to the theoretical study of this issue, together with additional exploratory goals, three interviews with NGO Directors are presented in this study. The objective of these interviews is to understand how the subjects, here considered as subjects within a group as proposed by Rene Kaës, handle the paradox of their participatory practices once they are inserted into the institutional context of these organizations

Submitted by ANDRÉ LUÍS CENTOFANTE ALVES null (andrecentofante@uol.com.br) on 2016-06-27T20:51:34Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Final - André Luis Centofante Alves.pdf: 1688793 bytes, checksum: 3602de9a91c7bc557dfd91f09873fd3d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Paula Grisoto (grisotoana@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-06-28T13:05:50Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 alves_alc_dr_fran.pdf: 1688793 bytes, checksum: 3602de9a91c7bc557dfd91f09873fd3d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-28T13:05:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 alves_alc_dr_fran.pdf: 1688793 bytes, checksum: 3602de9a91c7bc557dfd91f09873fd3d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-04 / A literatura sobre o Terceiro Setor torna evidente o crescimento e o desenvolvimento desse segmento em todo o mundo. Partindo do pressuposto de que o Estado, no Brasil, não se encontra organizado o suficiente para atender carências e necessidades das demandas sociais, a tese tem como objetivo geral compreender e explicar as atividades educacionais e religiosas executadas pela Hallel Escola, conhecendo as propostas inscritas no projeto da Escola, tecendo reflexões sobre as atividades desenvolvidas e analisando a representatividade das ações para aqueles que dela são parte integrante. Sob esse prisma, considerando o objeto de estudo, a Gestão Social da atividade educacional religiosa, e a consecução dos objetivos, a curiosidade investigativa instigou averiguar os desdobramentos da atuação da entidade junto à sociedade, a percepção das pessoas envolvidas, se há influência religiosa com relação ao público-alvo e busca por resultados visando à sustentabilidade financeira. O desenvolvimento da pesquisa teve a clara intenção de agregar conhecimento científico à questão da gestão social e, consequentemente, estabelecer aproximações teóricas e práticas entre as áreas do Serviço Social e da Administração. Para a construção do conhecimento científico foi utilizado um conjunto metodológico fundamentado no método indutivo, na abordagem qualitativa através dos estudos exploratório e descritivo. O universo de pesquisa abrangeu a Hallel Escola de Franca, seus eventos, cursos, grupos e parcerias, representando 100% das ações prescritas em Franca. Para a presente tese, tendo em vista a amplitude das ações, delimitou-se o universo, definindo-se o evento Hallel – Som e Vida como atividade central da investigação. Tal delimitação vem ao encontro do recorte temporal do estudo, definido entre os anos de 1988, origem da Hallel Escola proveniente da realização do primeiro evento Hallel – Som e Vida, e o ano de 2014, quando da operacionalização do instrumental da presente pesquisa. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram os diretores da Hallel Escola, cujas atribuições evocam a práticas educacionais religiosas. A pesquisa possibilitou conhecer o significado das ações e relações humanas dos atores sociais, principalmente no que diz respeito à sensibilidade dos mesmos no tocante às questões pertinentes ao objeto de estudo, a tópicos relativos ao ensino religioso e a temas gerenciais da Hallel Escola. / The literature on the Third Sector makes evident the growth and development of this segment in the world. On the assumption that the State, in Brazil, is not organized the sufficient to meet needs of social demands, the thesis aims to understand and explain the general educational and religious activities carried out by the Hallel School, knowing the proposals applied in the school project, reflecting on the activities developed and analyzing the representativeness of the actions for those who are an integral part. Under that light, considering the object of study, the Social management of religious educational activity, and achieving the goals, the investigative curiosity instigated to get the developments of the entity by the society, the perception of the people involved, if there are religious influence in relation to the target audience and search for results aiming at financial sustainability. The development of research had the clear intention of aggregating scientific knowledge to the issue of social management and, consequently, establishing the theoretical and practical approaches between areas of Social Service and Administration. For the construction of scientific knowledge a methodological set based on inductive method, on a qualitative approach through the exploratory and descriptive studies was used. The universe of research covered the Hallel School of Franca, its events, courses, groups and partnerships, representing 100% of the actions prescribed in Franca. For the present thesis, considering the extension of actions, it was decided to limit the event Hallel - Sound and Life as a central activity of research. Such demarcation comes to the timeframe of the study, set between the years of 1988, Hallel School from the first event Hallel - Sound and Life, and the year 2014, when the operation of the instruments of the present research. The subjects of the research were the directors of Hallel School, whose educational practices evoke religious assignments. The research made it possible to know the meaning of actions and human relations of social actors, especially with regard to their sensitivity in relation to issues relevant to the object of study, the topics relating to religious education and managerial themes of Hallel School.

Dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Master of Technology: Public Relations Management in the Faculty of Informatics and Design at the Cape Peninsula University of Technology 2013 / This study sought to understand how Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) in the Western Cape use social media to communicate with their stakeholders (from a dialogic, interactive and relational perspective). The secondary objective of the study was to explore how social media are being integrated into organisations‟ stakeholder relations management strategies in order to nurture and sustain relations. The literature review explores the relationship between social media and public relations as well as stakeholder relationship approach. The theoretical frame of the study is derived from Grunig and Hunt‟s (1984) two-way symmetrical model and Freire‟s (1970) dialogical communication. This is predominantly a qualitative study employing a two-stage design consisting of in-depth interviews and qualitative content analysis. The findings of the research revealed that the sampled NGOs are using social media in different ways to build and sustain stakeholder relations. NGOs are communicating dialogically and in a two-way manner with their stakeholders. They are using social media to pursue their strategic goals which centre on the creation of public value. The study also revealed that NGOs have integrated social media into their communication strategies. Social media platforms present an immediate and real-time contact point for NGOs and other social media users. They are used to communicate, nurture and sustain stakeholders' relations. It is also clear that social media are allowing stakeholders to connect online (establishing relationships). This creates dialogue online between NGOs and their stakeholders. The study proposes a working model of integrating social media within the ambit of NGOs communication strategies. The findings of this research show that social media channels are useful tools, however, a higher level of intelligent creator-generated input is needed to stimulate and steer conversations about desired topics, as well as monitor any user-generated content and comments. In terms of recommendations, this study argues that for social media to work there is need for integration of the management of online conversations and strategic communication

RESEARCH THESIS Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree DOCTOR TECHNOLOGIAE: Human Resource Management In the faculty of Business CAPE PENINSULA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY 2013 / A sizeable number of individuals and organisations are not keen to invest or donate significant amounts of cash in non-profit organisations (NPOs) since the results of their donations or investment cannot always be shown or substantiated. Thus, changing from a traditional non-governmental organisation (NGO) to a social enterprise seems to be the only ‘bail-out’ for NPOs should they wish to sustain and maintain their activities. This study investigated the possibility of utilising change management as a tool for NGOs wishing to transition from traditional to social enterprises. The objective was to assess how change management models initially developed for profit/business organisations, could effectively be applied in NPOs. In order to assess the suitability of these models, the study used two types of research methods. The first was theoretical and took the form of a literature review. The second was empirical and was held in the field (experimental). In addition to the consultation of secondary data and the field experiment, the study used other research tools which were: interviews, focus group discussion, direct observation and survey questionnaires. The study found that change management principles developed for profit organisations are also suitable for NPOs, however, certain adaptations are needed to ensure successful implementation of change initiatives in this sector.

Les trois ONG humanitaires (CARE International, CRS et MSF/F) qui sont intervenues au Burundi de 1993 à 2005 ont réalisé des projets importants pour le pays. Ces acteurs transnationaux sont financés par des Etats, des Organisations internationales et des donateurs privés. C’est ainsi que l’on peut les qualifier d’acteurs intermédiaires parce qu’ils sont soumis aux contraintes étatiques et transnationales. Les financements étatiques sont motivés par la volonté de pousser les ONG humanitaires à servir des intérêts nationaux des Etats-bailleurs tandis que le financement privé légitime leur nature apolitique tout en les obligeant à se comporter comme des entreprises commerciales. Nonobstant cette nature hybride, dans chaque ONG existent des agents philanthropiques, qui travaillent juste pour l’Humanitaire. / The three humanitarian NGOs (CARE International, CRS and MSF/F) which have been operating in Burundi since 1993 to 2005 realized important projects for the country. These Transnational actors are funded by States, international organizations and private donators. That is why we can call them intermediate actors because they are submitted to governmental and transnational conditions. Static funding urges these NGOs to operate according to the national interests while private funding legitimates their transnational nature and justifies their “charity business”. Besides this hybrid nature, there are philanthropic agents in each of these three humanitarian NGOs.

Este trabalho tem como finalidade analisar se as ONGs constituem-se um desdobramento do mercado de trabalho para o Serviço Social e quais as implicações diante da reforma neoliberal do Estado brasileiro. Nossa análise parte da compreensão de que o reordenamento do Estado, as dinâmicas que determinam o enxugamento e o desmantelamento das políticas sociais públicas num contexto de reestruturação produtiva, recaem sobre a profissão, refletindo-se nas condições e relações de trabalho do assistente social em suas diversas áreas de atuação. Frente a essas alterações no campo do trabalho, nas últimas décadas, é necessário um debate aprofundado sobre as possibilidades de novos campos de trabalho para o Serviço Social. Partindo dessas considerações, indagamos: as Organizações Não-Governamentais podem representar um possível mercado em expansão para os assistentes sociais? Visando contribuir com o debate junto aos profissionais de Serviço Social e com pesquisadores dessa temática, realizamos uma pesquisa empírica junto as ONGs na Cidade do Rio de Janeiro, coletando dados junto aos gestores e assistentes sociais inseridos nas organizações, para verificarmos as perspectivas de mercado de trabalho para o Serviço Social, tendo como foco as ONGs. / The object of this work is the studying of the Non-Governmental Organization as a possible job market in expansion to Social Work from neoliberalism reform implications of Brazilian state. The analyses starts from the comprehension that: the State reorganization, and the dynamic that determines the reduction and a the destruction of the public social politics in a context of productive reestructuration are responsibilities of the profession, which reflects on the job conditions and relations of the Social Work in several areas of performance. Considering these alterations of the job World in the last decades, its necessary a deep discussion about the possibilities of the new job area for Social Work. From These considerations, there is a question: May Non-Governmental Organization represent a possible market in expansion for Social Workers? It Was carried out on empiric research With Non-Governmental Organization in Rio de Janeiro City, aiming the contributions, in terms of discussion, with social workers professionals and with researchers of this theme, by collect data with managers and social workers who are in the organizations, in order to analyze the job market perspectives for Social Work, focusing on the Non-Governmental Organizations.