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<p>Today patients are more aware of their rights regarding their own care. They are more informed, more engaged and have more and individual requirements, which leads to increased demands for information and participation increases. The Health Act sets out the patients´ right to participation. Participation increases patient satisfaction with care, promotes healing and increases adherence to health care advise. The patient doesn´t always experience participation in their own care to the extent they wish, which suggests that nurse’s does not always succeed in getting the patient involved. The purpose of this study is to describe factors that are important for patient participation in nursing care in a nurse- and patient perspective. Nine research articles were analyzed with qualitative content analysis. The analysis resulted in two themes: health care relationships and communication. Through various acts of nursing care, patients experienced themselves as being seen and confirmed. Patients experienced a sense of security and trust, which is the essence of a trusting relationship, which in turn is the basis for caring and patient participation in their own care. Patient participation requires a sophisticated interaction between nurse and patient, a quest of a safe relationship that can lead the patient to see themselves seen and confirmed.</p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p>Keywords: patient participation, nurse-patient relationship, nurse, care</p>

Psykisk ohälsa är ett växande problem i samhället och allmänsjuksköterskan möter i sitt arbete dagligen människor med psykisk ohälsa. Dessa människor upplever sig ofta osynliga i samhället och upplever även förutfattade meningar i mötet med sjuksköterskan. Forskning idag utgår mindre ofta från perspektivet hos människor med psykisk ohälsa, vilket behövs för att omvårdnaden ska kunna utvecklas. Problematiken är att sjuksköterskan många gånger möter människor utifrån deras psykiska diagnos, istället för att möta dessa människor utifrån ett helhetsperspektiv. Examensarbetet beskriver hur vuxna människor med psykisk ohälsa kan uppleva mötet med sjuksköterskan. Två teman framkommer efter sammanställning av befintlig forskning. Vuxna människor med psykisk ohälsa upplever antingen sig sedda i mötet med sjuksköterskan eller en känsla av osynlighet. Känslan av att vara sedd uppkommer när sjuksköterskan bekräftar individen genom att vara öppensinnad. Sjuksköterskan lägger ner tid i mötet genom att lyssna och att försöka förstå personens situation. En känsla av osynlighet i mötet uppkommer när sjuksköterskan förminskar personen till en diagnos. De med psykisk ohälsa upplever hinder i relationen genom att sjuksköterskan utövar makt och behandlar dem som barn. De känner sig ensamma när sjuksköterskan inte har tid för dem och inte tyckts bryr sig om dem. Genom denna studie kan sjuksköterskan få en ökad förståelse för hur vuxna människor med psykisk ohälsa upplever mötet med dem. Ökad förståelse kan förbättra relationen mellan människor med psykisk ohälsa och sjuksköterskan. Det kan även leda till en ökad känsla av hälsa hos människor med psykisk ohälsa. / Background: Mental illness has in recent years increased in society. It has since centuries been seen as a shameful disease and mental illness has not been a high priority in health care. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe how adult humans with mental illness experiences the meeting with the nurse.Method: The method that was used was a literature based study with basis in analysis of qualitative research. 11 articles with a qualitative approach was analyzed. Result: The result showed two main theme. The first theme was a feeling of being seen in the meeting when an open dialogue was used and a relationship was created. The second theme was a feeling of invisible because they felt reduced to a diagnosis and encountered obstacles in the relation. Conclusion: Adult humans with mental illness could experience the meeting in different ways. A good meeting with the nurse could increase the human with mental illness trust in healthcare. It could improve the care and relationship between human with mental illness and the nurse.

Today patients are more aware of their rights regarding their own care. They are more informed, more engaged and have more and individual requirements, which leads to increased demands for information and participation increases. The Health Act sets out the patients´ right to participation. Participation increases patient satisfaction with care, promotes healing and increases adherence to health care advise. The patient doesn´t always experience participation in their own care to the extent they wish, which suggests that nurse’s does not always succeed in getting the patient involved. The purpose of this study is to describe factors that are important for patient participation in nursing care in a nurse- and patient perspective. Nine research articles were analyzed with qualitative content analysis. The analysis resulted in two themes: health care relationships and communication. Through various acts of nursing care, patients experienced themselves as being seen and confirmed. Patients experienced a sense of security and trust, which is the essence of a trusting relationship, which in turn is the basis for caring and patient participation in their own care. Patient participation requires a sophisticated interaction between nurse and patient, a quest of a safe relationship that can lead the patient to see themselves seen and confirmed.       Keywords: patient participation, nurse-patient relationship, nurse, care

Background: Communication allows people to gain understanding of themselves and their surroundings, which is a prerequisite for good health. The nurse may in her communication help patients develop a feeling that they are not alone in their situation. If the patients cannot express themselves and make themselves understood, it can lead the patients to feel left out which emphasizes the suffering at having aphasia. Aim: The aim of this study was to identify the components which affect nurse’s communication with patients with aphasia. Analysis method: A literature review was made based on eleven scientific articles in which similarities were pointed out. Results: The result of this study is presented in three main categories: Time, Environment and Strategies. Eighth subcategory emerged: Knowledge and patient under Time; Physical and psychosocial under Environment; and Verbal, Nonverbal, Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) and Individual Care under Strategies. Conclusion: This study reveals how nurses can provide the opportunity for patients to increase self-confidence. The result suggests that a person-centered communication care plan as a basic instrument to facilitate patient and caregiver interaction is needed.

No description available.

The media is an important information source regarding psychiatric nursing care. There has been limited English language research that has specifically explored the nurse-patient relationships that were depicted in film between psychiatric nurses and the people for whom they cared. Using an interpretive visual inquiry method, fifteen films were selected and analyzed using a relational ethics framework. The films were: Cosi (Joffe, 1996), Frances (Clifford, 1982), Girl, Interrupted (Mangold, 1999), Gothika (Kassovitz, 2003), Harvey (Koster, 1950), High Anxiety (Brooks, 1977), One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest (Forman, 1975), Persona (Bergman, 1966), Snake Pit (Litvak, 1948), Terminator 2: Judgement Day (Cameron, 1991), The Caretakers (Bartlett, 1963), The Cobweb (Minnelli, 1955), The Jacket (Maybury, 2005), The Sleep Room (Wheeler, 1998), and Titicut Follies (Wiseman, 1967). The roles of the nurses were described using Peplau’s (1952/1988) role descriptions. These included the roles of stranger, resource person, teacher, leader, surrogate, counsellor, consultant, tutor, safety agent, mediator, administrator, recorder, observer, and researcher. Exemplars were drawn from the films to discuss each of the following relational ethics themes: mutual respect, engagement, embodied knowledge, environment, and uncertainty. Two primary discourses were found embedded within the relational ethic themes: otherness and power/control. Within these discourses, sub-discourses relating to stigmatization, prejudice, domination, and marginalization were also found. Nursing must be attentive to the messages contained within the depictions of psychiatric nursing care. Nurses can no longer afford to be silent; as these images have consequences for the patients, their families, and the nurses working in this complex specialty area.

Bakgrund: I Sverige är det vanligaste större gynekologiska ingreppet hysterektomi, som innebär att livmodern avlägsnas. Denna operation kan vara påfrestande för kvinnan på grund av att livmodern ofta har stor betydelse som symbol för kvinnlighet och fertilitet, vilket gör att operationen kan medföra psykiska påföljder så som depression. En av sjuksköterskans uppgifter vid operationen är att göra patienten delaktig i sin vård. Delaktighet kräver en god vårdrelation där patienten får adekvat information. Syfte: Syftet med litteraturöversikten var att beskriva patienters behov av information från vårdpersonal i samband med hysterektomi. Metod: En litteraturöversikt baserad på 11 vetenskapliga artiklar som svarade på syftet. Artiklarna inhämtades från databaserna Cinahl Complete och PubMed. Båda författarna läste och granskade artiklarna för att sammanställa de meningsbärande enheterna. I de meningsbärande enheterna fann författarna likheter och skillnader. Materialet sorterades och presenteras under huvudteman med tillhörande underteman. Resultat: Resultatet presenteras i tre huvudteman, varav två av dem har underteman. Huvudtemana består av; Behov av att få veta, Individanpassad information och Konsekvenser av bristande information. Kvinnor upplevde att de hade ett behov av att få veta vad som väntade dem och när detta inte uppfylldes ledde det till bland annat oro och rädsla. Konsekvenserna av bristande information från vårdpersonalen var även att kvinnors delaktighet i vården påverkades och att information söktes på annat håll. Diskussion: Hildegard Peplaus omvårdnadsteori användes vid resultatdiskussionen, då denna kan vara ett stöd för sjuksköterskan vid undervisande och informativa möten. Det diskuteras kring att utvecklingen av vårdrelationen har stor betydelse för hur information ges och på vilket sätt det uppfattas. Vidare diskuteras på vilket sätt vårdrelationen och delaktighet kan integreras i vården för att sjuksköterskan ska kunna ge en god omvårdnad. / Background: In Sweden the most common gynecological surgery is hysterectomy which is a procedure where the uterus is removed. This kind of surgery might be difficult for the patient because the uterus has great significance as a symbol of femininity and fertility. This means that the operation can lead to reactions such as mental depression. One of the nurses functions at surgery is to participate the patient in their care. Participation of the patient requires a good nurse-patient relationship in which the patient receives adequate information. Aim: The aim of this literature review was to describe patient’s needs for information from health professionals during hysterectomy. Method: A literature review that was based on 11 original papers which also responded to the purpose. The used databases were Cinahl Complete and PubMed. Both authors read and reviewed the articles to compile their meaningful units. In the meaningful units the authors found similarities and differences. The material was then sorted and presented under main themes with matching subthemes. Results: The results are presented in three main themes, where two of them has subthemes. The mainthemes are; The need to know, Individualized information and The consequenses of insufficient information. Women experienced that they had a need to know what was going to happen, and when this was not fullfilled it caused feelings such as anxeity and fear. The consequenses of insufficient information from health professionalswas that women's participation in their care was affected and they ended up seeking information elsewhere. Discussion: The discussion is based on Hildegard Peplau's nursing theory, which can be used as a support for the nurse in educational and informative meetings. It is discussed that the development of the nurse-patient relationship has great significance for how information is being presented and how it is being perceived. Further discussed is in what way the nurse-patient relationship and participation can be integrated within the care in order to provide a good care.

Background: In Ghana, many women die every year due to preventable causes related to pregnancy and child birth. Several national strategies have been made to improve women’s access to essential maternal health care. Still there is a significant inequality in the number of women attending to maternal health care in between different parts of the country. An important determinant that affects women’s utilization of the subsidized maternal health care is the quality of health care, including the health providers’ attitudes to their patients. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe nurses’ experiences of interacting with women in a maternal health care context within primary care in Ghana. Method: Five qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted at three different primary health care clinics. Content analysis was used to analyse the data. Results: Three main-themes, patient compliance, building trust and nursing strategies and ten sub-themes were identified. Conclusion: Although the nurses expressed a desire to have more women attend maternal health care, they seemed unaware of how their own behaviour might contribute to the current underutilization. A hierarchical power imbalance within the nurse-patient interactions, where the patients were perceived and treated as subordinate passive receivers of the nurses’ expertise, was identified. The nurses’ lack of critical approach towards their own actions might be at the source of this underutilization. Suggestion for further research: The authors recommend further studies to explore nurses’ ability to allow self-reflective critical thinking and also how implementation of a more patient-centred approach in Ghana would affect the quality of health care. / Bakgrund: Varje år dör många kvinnor i Ghana på grund av förebyggbara komplikationer relaterade till graviditet och förlossning. Flera nationella strategier har genomförts i syfte att ge fler kvinnor tillgång till nödvändig mödrahälsovård. Trots det råder en signifikant skillnad i andel kvinnor som söker mödrahälsovård mellan olika delar av landet. En viktig faktor som påverkar utnyttjandet av den subventionerade mödrahälsovården är vårdkvaliteten, inklusive vårdpersonalens bemötande. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att beskriva sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av bemötande av kvinnor i en mödrahälsovårdskontext inom primärvården i Ghana. Metod: Fem kvalitativa semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes vid tre olika primärvårdskliniker. Innehållsanalys användes for att analysera insamlad data. Resultat: Tre huvudteman, patientföljsamhet, bygga förtroende och omvårdnadsstrategier och tio underteman hittades i resultatet. Slutsats: Trots att sjuksköterskorna uttryckte en vilja att få fler kvinnor att nyttja tillgänglig mödrahälsovård så verkade de omedvetna om hur deras eget agerande skulle kunna bidra till att kvinnorna väljer att inte söka vård. En hierarkisk maktobalans inom sjuksköterskornas vårdrelation med patienterna framträdde genom intervjuerna, där patienterna sågs och bemöttes som underordnade, passiva mottagare av sjuksköterskornas expertis. Sjuksköterskornas brist på kritiskt förhållningssätt till egna insatser kan göra att de oavsiktligt arbetar emot sina egna mål. Förslag på fortsatta studier: Ytterligare studier för att utforska sjuksköterskors förmåga att tillämpa kritiskt tänkande rekommenderas samt vilken nytta det skulle vara för kvaliteten på omvårdnaden om ett mer patientcentrerat förhållningssätt implementerades inom vården i Ghana.

Bakgrund: Många sjukdomar och behandlingar inverkar på sexuell och reproduktiv hälsa och/eller funktion [SRHF]. Sjuksköterskor [SSK] har ansvar att lyfta detta med patienter, enligt lag samt nationella styrdokument. Patientens rättigheter innefattar erhålla adekvat och tillräcklig information för att delaktigt kunna ta informerade beslut om sin vård. Trots detta uppger SSK och patienter att samtalet inte förs. Syfte: Litteraturöversiktens syfte är att belysa vilka påverkande faktorer SSK upplever i att diskutera sexuell- och reproduktiv hälsa och funktion med patienter. Metod: En allmän litteraturöversikt baserad på sex kvalitativa och fyra kvantitativa artiklar. De analyserades sedan med hjälp av innehållsanalys. Resultat: En kombination av flera faktorer påverkar SSK i att samtala om SRHF. Dessa har identifierats och kategoriserats. ”Rädsla för obekväm stämning” är ett latent tema som genomsyrar resten av de identifierade kategorierna ”Utbildning och självförtroende” ”Någon annans ansvar” ”Attityder till patientens sexualitet” ”Vårdrelationen och vårdmiljön” och ”Kultur och normer”. Slutsats: SSK avsexualiserar patienten som en lättare utväg. Att fortsätta ignorera patienters SRHF kommer inte hjälpa SSK lindra patienters lidande. Klinisk betydelse: Dessa identifierade faktorer är inget nytt. Diskussionen belyser dock nya aspekter av SSK maktroll i frågan. Förhoppningsvis kan litteraturöversikten inspirera till förändring och vidare forskning. / Background: Many diseases and treatments may affect one’s sexual and reproductive health and/or function [SRHF]. Nurses have responsibility raising the subject with patients by law and national guidelines. Patients’ rights include partaking of correct and enough information to make informed decisions regarding treatment. In spite this patients and nurses state the subject is not broached enough. Aim: The aim is to describe what affecting factors nurses’ experience in discussing SRHF with patients. Method: A general literature review based on six qualitative and four quantitative articles. The articles were analyzed through content analysis. Result: A combination of multiple factors affect nurses’ conversations about SRHF. These have been identified and categorized. “Fear of uncomfortable atmosphere” is a latent theme throughout the other categories “Education and confidence” “Someone else’s responsibility” “Attitudes towards patients’ sexuality”. “Care relationship and ward environment” and “Culture and norms”. Conclusion: The nurses’ desexulization of the patient is an easy way out. Ignoring SRHF will not enable nurses to relieve patients’ suffering. Clinical significance: These identified factors are nothing new. The discussion enlighten new aspects of the nurses’ role of authority in this. Hopefully this review may inspire change and further research.