Dans ce manuscrit de thèse, nous nous intéressons à la description des noyaux atomiques composés d’un nombre impair de nucléons dans la méthode dite de la fonctionnelle énergiede la densité (EDF). Plus précisément, nous présentons et appliquons dans le cas de ces noyaux,des extensions à cette méthode : (i) la projection sur les bons nombres quantiques, (ii) le mélange de configurations à travers la méthode des coordonnées génératrices (GCM), qui permettent deprendre en compte dans nos calculs des corrélations de type « au-delà du champ moyen » entre les nucléons constituant le noyau. De telles extensions n’avaient jusqu’alors été employées, dansleurs versions les plus générales, qu’aux noyaux ayant à la fois un nombre pair de neutrons etde protons, et nous nous proposons donc de démontrer leurs applicabilités également dans le cas des noyaux impairs. Dans la première partie de ce travail, nous présentons le formalisme mathématique de la méthode EDF, en mettant tout particulièrement l’accent sur le traitement des symétries dans cette approche. Dans la seconde partie du manuscrit, nous appliquons notre modèle au cas du noyau de 25Mg et analysons les résultats sous différents angles (ex : précision numérique des résultats, convergence du mélange de configurations, comparaison avec les données expérimentales connues). Les premiers résultats obtenus dans ce travail de thèse sontencourageants et démontrent l’intérêt de notre approche pour les calculs théoriques de structure nucléaire. / In this work, we are interested in the treatment of odd-mass atomic nuclei in energydensity functional (EDF) models. More precisely, the goal of this thesis is to develop and to applyto odd-mass nuclei, the theoretical extensions of the EDF method that are: (i) the projectiontehnique, and (ii) the configuration mixing by the generator coordinate method (GCM). Thesetwo extensions are part of the so-called multi-reference energy density functional (MR-EDF)formalism and allow for taking into account, within an EDF context, the "beyond-mean-field"correlations between the nucleons forming the nucleus. Until now, the MR-EDF formalism hasbeen applied, in its full-fledged version, only to the calculation of even-even nuclei. In this thesis,we want to demonstrate the applicability of such a model also for the description of odd-massnuclei. In the first part of this thesis, we describe the theoretical formalism of the EDF models,giving particular attention to the treatment of symmetries within our approach. In the secondpart of the manuscript, we apply our model to the nucleus 25Mg and investigate different aspectsof the method (e.g. numerical accuracy, convergence of the configuration mixing, comparison toknown experimental data). The results obtained in this work are encouraging and demonstratethe potential of our approach for theoretical nuclear structure calculations.

Esse trabalho trata um pouco da teoria de A-loops comutativos finitos. No primeiro captulo estudamos propriedades básicas de loops em geral e exi- bimos exemplos de loops não associativos. No captulo 2 falamos de A-loops em geral e mesmo sem assumirmos comutatividade obtivemos resultados importantes, um exemplo é que A-loop associa potências. Também determinamos quando um isótopo e K -holomorfo de um A-loop é um A-loop. No captulo 3, nossos únicos objetos de estudo foram os A-loops comutativos finitos. Vimos que tais estruturas têm proriedades muito interessantes, por exemplo, para um A-loop comutativo finito valem os teoremas de Lagrange, Cauchy. Também, um A-loop comutativo finito, Q, tem ordem potência de um primo p se e somente se todo elemento de Q tem ordem potência de p. Mais ainda, todo A-loop comutativo finito de ordem mpar é solúvel. No último captulo, apresentamos algumas maneira de se construir um A-loop. / In the first chapter we studied basic properties of general loops and we showed some examples of nonassociative loops. In chapter 2, we talked about general A-loops (without commutativity) and even that we obtained important results, for instance, that any A-loop is power-associative. We also determined when an isotope and a K -holomorph of an A-loop is an A-loop. In chapter 3 we dealt only with finite commutative A-loops. We saw that such structures have very interesting properties, for example, for a finite commutative A- loop, Lagrange, Cauchys theorems apply. Also a finite commutative A-loop, Q, has order a power of a prime p if and only if every element of Q has order a power of p. Moreover, finite commutative A-loops of odd order are solvable. In the last chapter we introduce some ways to construct a commutative A-loop

Extensive theoretical studies on the ground and excited state properties of systems containing heavy atoms have shown that accurate prediction of transition energies and related properties requires the incorporation of both relativistic and higher order correlation and relaxation effects as these effects are strongly inter- wined. The relativistic and dynamical electron correlation effects can be incor- porated in many-electron systems through a variety of many-body methods like configuration interaction (CI), coupled cluster method (CCM) etc. which are very powerful and effective tool for high precision description of electron correlation in many-electron systems. In this thesis, we investigate the relativistic and correlation effects in heavy atomic and molecular systems using these two highly correlated many-body methods. It is well recognized that, heavy polar diatomic molecules such as BaF, YbF, TlF, PbO, etc. are the leading experimental candidates for the search of violation of Parity (P ) and Time-reversal (T ) symmetry. The experimental detection of such P,T-odd effects in atoms and molecules has important consequences for the theory of fundamental interactions or for physics beyond the standard model (SM). For instance, a series of experiments on TlF have already been reported which provide the tightest limit available on the tensor coupling constant C , proton electric dipole moment (EDM) dp , etc. Experiments on YbF and BaF molecules are also of fundamental significance to the study of symmetry violation in nature, as these experiments have the potential to detect effects due to the electron EDMde. It is therefore imperative that high precession calculations are necessary to interpret these ongoing (and perhaps forthcoming) experimental outcome. For example, the knowledge of the effective electric field E(characterized by Wd) at the unpaired electron is required to link the experimentally determined P,T-odd frequency shift with the electron EDM de. We begin with a brief review of P,T-odd effects in heavy atoms and polar diatomics and the possible mechanisms which can give rise to such effects, in particular, the one arises due to the intrinsic electron EDM de. The P,T-odd interaction constant Wd is computed for the ground (2∑ ) state of YbF and BaF molecules using all-electron DF orbitals at the restricted active space (RAS) CI level. The RASCI space used for both systems in this calculation is sufficiently large to incorporate important core-core, core-valence, and valence-valence electron correlation effects. In addition to Wd, we also report the dipole moment (µe ) for these systems to assess the reliability of the method. The basis set dependency of Wd is also analyzed. The single reference coupled cluster (SRCC) method, developed by the cluster expansion of a single determinant reference function, is one of the most sophisticated method for treating dynamical correlation effects in a size-extensive manner. The non-uniqueness of the exponential nature of the wave operator diversifies the methods in multi-reference context. The multi-reference coupled cluster (MRCC) strategies fall within two broad classes: (a) State-Universal (SU), a Hilbert-space approach and (b) Valence-Universal (VU), a Fock-space approach. In this thesis, we shall be mainly concerned with the VU-MRCC which unlike SU-MRCC uses a single wave operator that not only correlates the reference functions, but also all the lower valence (or the so called subdued) sectors, obtained by deleting the occupancies systematically. The linear response theory (LRT) or equation of motion (EOM) method is another possible alternative which is nowadays extensively used to compute the atomic and molecular properties. Although, the CCLRT or EOM-CC method is not fully extensive in nature, this method has some distinct advantages over the traditional VU-MRCC theory. Further, for one-valence problem like ionization processes, the CCLRT/EOM-CC is formally equivalent to VU-MRCC, and hence, size-extensive. In this thesis, the core-extensive CCLRT and core-valence extensive (all electron) VU-MRCC methods are applied to compute the ground and excited state properties of various atomic and molecular systems (HCl, CuH, Ag, Sr, Yb and Hg) using nonrelativistic and relativistic (for heavy atoms) spinors. The similarities and differences in the structure of these two formalisms are also addressed. We also investigate the ground and excited state properties of HCN which is a system of astrophysical importance. This system has raised interest among the astrophysicists due to its detection in the atmosphere of Titan and Carbon stars. HCN has also been identified via radio-techniques in both comets and interstellar atmosphere. In the ash-photolysis of oxazole, iso-oxazole, and thiozole a transient band system was observed in the region 2500-3050 Å. This band system was attributed to a meta-stable form of HCN, i.e, either HNC or triplet HCN. We carry out detailed theoretical investigations using CCLRT and complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) method to characterize this unidentified band and other experimentally observed transitions.

Depuis l’introduction de la mécanique quantique, plusieurs mystères de la nature ont trouvé leurs explications. De plus en plus, les concepts de la mécanique quantique se sont entremêlés avec d’autres de la théorie de la complexité du calcul. De nouvelles idées et solutions ont été découvertes et élaborées dans le but de résoudre ces problèmes informatiques. En particulier, la mécanique quantique a secoué plusieurs preuves de sécurité de protocoles classiques. Dans ce m´emoire, nous faisons un étalage de résultats récents de l’implication de la mécanique quantique sur la complexité du calcul, et cela plus précisément dans le cas de classes avec interaction. Nous présentons ces travaux de recherches avec la nomenclature des jeux à information imparfaite avec coopération. Nous exposons les différences entre les théories classiques, quantiques et non-signalantes et les démontrons par l’exemple du jeu à cycle impair. Nous centralisons notre attention autour de deux grands thèmes : l’effet sur un jeu de l’ajout de joueurs et de la répétition parallèle. Nous observons que l’effet de ces modifications a des conséquences très différentes en fonction de la théorie physique considérée. / Since the introduction of quantum mechanics, many mysteries of nature have found explanations. Many quantum-mechanical concepts have merged with the field of computational complexity theory. New ideas and solutions have been put forward to solve computational problems. In particular, quantum mechanics has struck down many security proofs of classical protocols. In this thesis, we survey recent results regarding the implication of quantum mechanics to computational complexity and more precisely to classes with interaction. We present the work done in the framework of cooperative games with imperfect information. We give some differences between classical, quantum and no-signaling theories and apply them to the specific example of Odd Cycle Games. We center our attention on two different themes: the effect on a game of adding more players and of parallel repetition. We observe that depending of the physical theory considered, the consequences of these changes is very different.

SILVA, Antonio Marcos de Sousa. Agentes públicos na segurança privada: a configuração do bico na cidade de Fortaleza. (2010). 126f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Sociologia) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Ciências Sociais, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sociologia, Fortaleza-CE, 2010. / Submitted by nazareno mesquita (nazagon36@yahoo.com.br) on 2011-11-17T14:42:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dis_2010_ AM DE.S.SILVA.pdf: 548876 bytes, checksum: 49cdfa3cb88854b0c3ec81b155ab75f9 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Josineide Góis(josineide@ufc.br) on 2011-11-23T16:35:19Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dis_2010_ AM DE.S.SILVA.pdf: 548876 bytes, checksum: 49cdfa3cb88854b0c3ec81b155ab75f9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2011-11-23T16:35:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dis_2010_ AM DE.S.SILVA.pdf: 548876 bytes, checksum: 49cdfa3cb88854b0c3ec81b155ab75f9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / The present reseach has the aim of analyzing the configuration of odd jobs on private security of military policemen in the city of Fortaleza. With this in mind, a panorama of this activity was traced in order to enumerate the three recurrent characteristics of the odd jobs in Fortaleza, such as: security activities icommercial establishments (concert houses, beach huts, restaurants, beauty salons, markets, among others), private security (of businessmen or merchants) and, finally, the veiled odd job (to perform private patrolling while on duty, giving more attention to specific commercial points). The work revealed that this practice in Fortaleza is sustained both by the military officers and the privates and showed that both form networks of intermediaries or middlemen who sell security to businessmen or merchants. The research also dealt with the strict relationship between violence and the expansion of odd jobs through the city, denouncing the intensification of a culture of fear based on the feeling of insecurity. At last, the work dealt with the implications of this activity for military policemen due to their disciplinary and ethics code. The discussion ended also with the relationship between the precariousness of the police work and the work on private security. / A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar as configurações do “bico” de policiais militares da cidade de Fortaleza na segurança privada. Foi realizado um panorama dessa atividade que possibilitou enumerar três características recorrentes do bico em Fortaleza, tais como: as atividades de segurança em estabelecimentos comerciais (casas de show, barracas de praia, restaurantes, salão de beleza, mercadinhos, dentre outros), segurança particular (de empresários ou comerciantes) e, por último, o “bico velado” (fazer policiamento privado em horário de serviço, concedendo, nesse sentido, maior atenção a determinados pontos comerciais). O trabalho revelou que essa prática, em Fortaleza, é sustentada tanto por parte dos oficiais militares como pelos Praças, e mostrou que ambos formam redes de intermediários ou atravessadores que vendem segurança, principalmente, para empresários e comerciantes. A pesquisa abordou também a estreita relação entre a violência e a expansão do bico na cidade, denunciando o reforço de uma cultura do medo pautada no sentimento de insegurança. Por fim, o trabalho tratou das implicações dessa atividade para os policiais militares em decorrência do Código Disciplinar e de Ética da referida corporação. A dissertação trabalhou, ainda, com a relação entre precariedade do trabalho policial e do trabalho na atividade de segurança privada.

Le but de ce travail était de développer des filtres passe-bande RF dans la technologie de PCB, avec trois objectifs principaux. Le premier objectif était de développer des formules de synthèse tosimplify la procédure de conception du filtre. Le deuxième était de parvenir à un rejet wideout bande sans modifier les caractéristiques de la bande de filtrage. Le troisième objectif est de contrôler la fréquence centrale du filtre en utilisant diode varicap. / The purpose of this work was to develop RF bandpass filters in PCB technology,with three main objectives. The first objective was to develop synthesis formulas tosimplify the design procedure of the filter. The second was to achieve wideout-of-band rejection without modifying the in-band filtering characteristics. Thethird objective was to control the center frequency of the filter by using varactordiode.The bandpass filter topology treated in this thesis is based on Stub-LoadedResonators (SLR). The main features of this filter topology were treated. Equivalentcircuits based on J-inverters and susceptance parameters were derived. Based onthese equivalent circuits, synthesis formulas were developed. Simulations werepresented to validate the synthesis theory. For a proof-of-concept, third orderstripline bandpass filters were designed and fabricated based on this synthesis.Analysis technique using odd- and even- mode was achieved on the SLR. Thusresonance odd- and even-mode conditions were derived. These conditions aim toeasily control the first spurious frequency. Moreover, to go further in improving theout-of-band rejection a new technique, called “U corner structure”, was developedand design rules were derived. Based on these design rules an extended out-of-bandrejection was achieved without any modification in the passband and by maintainingthe compactness of the filter. A first spurious frequency was localized at up to ninetimes the working frequency in the case of the Parallel-coupled Stub-Loadedresonator (PC-SLR) filter. Also, by applying this technique into the classicalparallel-coupled filter the first and second spurious frequencies were rejected. Toaddress the issue of tunable filters, the SLRs were correctly loaded by variablecapacitors (varactor diode). The center frequency of the PC-SLR filter was easilycontrolled by maintaining a large out-of-band rejection.

No description available.

Recent findings have shown an inverse association between the circulating levels of pentadecanoic acid (C15:0) and heptadecanoic acid (C17:0) with the risk of pathological development in type 2 diabetes, cardio vascular disease and neurological disorders. From previously published research, it has been said that both these odd chain fatty acids are biomarkers of their dietary intake and are significantly correlated to dietary ruminant fat intake. However, there are profound studies that show the contrary where they do not display this biomarker correlation. Additionally, several astute studies have suggested or shown odd chain fatty acid endogenous biosynthesis, most often suggested via alpha oxidation; the cleavage of a single carbon unit from a fatty acid chain within the peroxisomes. To better understand the correlations and interactions between these two fatty acids with pathological development, the origin of these odd chain fatty acids needed to be determined, along with confirming their association with the disease aetiology. To minimise animal & human experimentation we made use of existing sample sets made available through institutional collaborations, which produced both animal and human interventional study samples suitable for odd chain fatty acid investigations. These sample collaborations allowed us to comprehensively investigate all plausible contributory sources of these odd chain fatty acids; including from the intestinal microbiota, from dietary contributions, and derived from novel endogenous biosynthesis. The investigations included two intestinal germ-free studies, two ruminant fat diet studies, two dietary fat studies and an ethanol intake study. Endogenous biosynthesis was assessed through: a stearic acid infusion, phytol supplementation, and an Hacl1 knockout mouse model. A human dietary intervention study was used to translate the results. Finally, a study comparing circulating baseline C15:0 and C17:0 levels with the development of glucose intolerance. We found that the circulating C15:0 and C17:0 levels were not significantly influenced by the presence or absence of intestinal microbiota. The circulating C15:0 levels were significantly and linearly increased when the C15:0 dietary composition increased; however, there was no significant correlation in the circulating C17:0 levels with intake. Circulating levels of C15:0 were affected by the dietary composition and factors affecting the dietary intake, e.g. total fat intake and ethanol, whereas circulating C17:0 levels were found to be independent of these variables. In our studies, the circulating C15:0 levels were not significantly affected by any expected variations in alpha oxidation caused by pathway substrate inhibition or gene knockout. However, C17:0 was significantly related, demonstrating it is substantially endogenously biosynthesised. Furthermore, we found that the circulating C15:0 levels, when independent of any dietary variations, did not correlate with the progression of glucose intolerance when induced, but the circulating C17:0 levels did significantly relate and linearly correlated with the development of glucose intolerance. To summarise, the circulating C15:0 and C17:0 levels were independently derived; the C15:0 levels substantially correlated with its dietary intake, whilst the C17:0 levels proved to be separately derived from its endogenous biosynthesis via alpha oxidation of stearic acid. C15:0 was found to be minimally endogenously biosynthesised via a single cycle of beta oxidation of C17:0 in the peroxisomes, however, this did not significantly contribute to the circulating levels of C15:0. Additionally, only the baseline levels of C17:0 significantly correlated with the development of glucose intolerance. These findings highlight the considerable differences between both of these odd chain fatty acids that were once thought to be homogeneous and similarly derived. On the contrary, they display profound dietary, metabolic, and pathological differences.

L’approche au coeur de cette étude est une recherche-action qui a pour but de mettre à l’essai un réseau littéraire, à caractère interdisciplinaire, pour le réinvestissement du vocabulaire disciplinaire et des concepts en arithmétique auprès des élèves de deuxième année du primaire. Cette recherche comporte trois objectifs spécifiques : 1) mettre à l’essai un réseau littéraire pour décrire et analyser les pratiques enseignantes 2) décrire et analyser le réinvestissement du vocabulaire disciplinaire en arithmétique des élèves du premier cycle du primaire 3) mettre en relation les pratiques enseignantes et le réinvestissement du vocabulaire disciplinaire en arithmétique des élèves. Pour y arriver, une enseignante de 2e année du primaire du centre de services scolaire Marguerite-Bourgeoys a participé à notre recherche en expérimentant le réseau littéraire proposé dans cette étude. Nous avons conduit trois séances d’entretien en tout avec l’enseignante avant, pendant et après l’expérimentation. Une analyse de contenu a été effectuée à partir des propos et des impressions de l’enseignante. Durant l’expérimentation, nous avons participé à trois séances d’observation dont l’analyse a été effectuée en nous basant sur le modèle multi-agenda. Finalement, quatre élèves ont participé à un entretien qui visait notamment à analyser et à décrire le réinvestissement du vocabulaire disciplinaire en arithmétique et leurs résultats ont été analysés à l’aide d’une grille d’évaluation bâtie par nous. À la lumière des données, nous constatons l’importance de l’engagement professionnel et des pratiques expertes de l’enseignante pour favoriser le réinvestissement du vocabulaire disciplinaire associé aux concepts en arithmétique chez les élèves. Concernant les apports du réseau littéraire, les albums jeunesse ont constitué une source de motivation, de participation et d’engagement pour les élèves. Ils ont aussi favorisé le réinvestissement du vocabulaire disciplinaire. Les limites de cette recherche se situent davantage au niveau de la longueur et du sens de certaines questions étant donné que certains élèves n’ont pas le français comme langue maternelle, ce qui pouvait avoir un impact sur le niveau de compréhension des questions en lien avec les oeuvres du réseau. / This research project fits according to an action research approach and aims at putting into practice a literacy network, being of interdisciplinary nature, for the reinvestment of disciplinary vocabulary in arithmetic with second grade students. This present research has the following three specific objectives: 1) to put into practice a literacy network to analyze and describe the teacher’s practices 2) to analyze and describe the second-grade student’s reinvestment of disciplinary vocabulary in arithmetic 3) to put into relation the impact of teacher practices in the reinvestment of the student’s disciplinary vocabulary in arithmetic. In order to succeed, a second-grade elementary teacher from the Centre de services scolaire Marguerite-Bourgeoys participated in our research project by experimenting the literacy network proposed in this study. During the experimentation, we participated in three sessions of observation in which the analysis was performed according to the multi-agenda model. In addition, we conducted three semi-structured interview sessions before, during and after the experimentation. A content analysis was carried out based on the teacher’s comments and impressions. Lastly, four students participated in our interview questionnaire and their results were analyzed by an evaluation grid that we have built. At the light of the results and of our analysis, we notice the importance of professional engagement and the second-grade teacher’s expert practices pertaining to the disciplinary vocabulary of arithmetic of the students. Concerning the contributions, children’s literature has constituted an important source of student motivation and participation. It also favored the reinvestment of disciplinary vocabulary. The limits of this research are more pertaining to the length and the meaning of certain questions considering the fact that certain students do not have French as their native language which could’ve had an impact on their level of comprehension relating to the questions on the literacy network.

No description available.