<p>Abstract</p><p>Title: Organization is communication. Communication is organization. - A case study of the communication between the management and the employees at Save the Children Sweden. (Organisation är kommunikation. Kommunikation är organisation. - En studie av kommunikationen mellan chef och medarbetare på Rädda Barnen)</p><p>Number of pages: 37, without enclosures</p><p>Author: Anna Lilius</p><p>Course: Media and Communication Studies C</p><p>Period: Spring 2008</p><p>University: Division of Media and Communication, Department of Information Science, Uppsala University</p><p>Purpose/Aim: The aim of the study is to analyze and evaluate the communication between the management and the employees in the organization today and compare it with the organization's new strategy for internal communication. The questions asked are: 1) How is the communication between management and employees perceived by respective parties today and 2) What, if any, are the differences between the situation today as described in question 1 and the strategy for internal communication.</p><p>Material/Method: Qualitative research method. By interviewing four members of lower management and four employees, an analysis was made of how the communication between management and employees is perceived today. The results from the interviews were analyzed with the help of current theories within organizational communication, and the compared with the new strategy for internal communication.</p><p>Main results: While the results from the interviews had some similarities in relation to the importance of information of the organization's goals, they varied between the groups in respect to the degree of dialogue that was experienced. There were also differing results as to the communicational responsibilities of the employees; while the management saw that the employees had a crucial and very important communicational role, the employees themselves did not acknowledge it in any largersense.</p><p>Keywords: Organizational communication, Internal communication, Dialogue, Sense making</p>

Taylor, Cooren, Giroux, and Robichaud (1996) theorize that an organization is created entirely through the interpretations of its members and it evolves as those conversations change. Demonstrating the Taylor et al. theory, the current study focuses on the outcomes of management vision and strategic planning sessions in a division of a large Southwestern University. It explores the ways organization emerges through the discourse of the managers, how text is amplified to support the organization as a whole, the ways organization continues to emerge in communication, and in what ways the emergent view of organization exists throughout the division. The results of the study support the Taylor et al. theory. Management participants created an expanded view of the organization through discourse and then linked it to the university as a whole. Evidence was found supporting continued reformulation but it was limited to the management participants and did not include hourly employees.

Titel: Hur engageras medarbetare i ledningens vision? En studie inom intern kommunikation.  Nyckelord: Internal communication, hierarchical communication, corporate communication, organizational communication, sensemaking, employee engagement, message distortion  Syfte: Skapa ökad förståelse för hur en ledning, via sin interna kommunikation, kan öka medarbetarnas engagemang.  Metod: Studien har utförts med en kvalitativ ansats där data samlats in via intervjuer med tretton respondenter fördelade på ledningsgrupp, enhetschefer, gruppchefer och medarbetare.  Bidrag: Genom praktisk tillämpning av en teoretisk modell (Welch &amp; Jackson 2007) har en visions väg genom en organisation granskats. Aktiviteter har identifierats vilka kan förklara graden av engagemang samt hur väl visionen förankrats på medarbearnivå.  Originalitet: Intervjuerna är utförda på samtliga nivåer i en hierarkisk organisation. Studien täcker således mer än en nivås perspektiv på den interna kommunikationen. / Title: How do employees become engaged in the top management ́s vision? A study within internal communication.  Key words: Internal communication, hierarchical communication, corporate communication, organizational communication, sensemaking, employee engagement, message distortion  Purpose: To increase the understanding of how a management, through the use of internal communication, can increase the employees’ engagement.  Method: The study has been conducted with a qualitative approach. Data has been assembled through 13 interviews with top management, unit managers, group managers, and employees.  Contributions: By practical application of a theoretical model (Welch &amp; Jackson 2007), a vision's path through an organization has been reviewed. Activities have been identified that can explain the level of engagement and how well the vision has anchored on employee level.  Originality: The interviews have been conducted on all levels of a hierarchical organization. Therefore, the study covers more than one group’s perspective on the internal communication.

In this thesis, I have focused on the uses of video, or nonbroadcast television, as an instructional tool within three different contexts, i.e., the uses of video in medical, corporate and industrial settings. Within this exploration, several problems have come to light. First, there is a need for higher education to train students in the field of nonbroadcast education, not only for broadcast students and new career opportunities, but also for students of business, medicine, art, and other career areas. As the uses of video become more widespread, so it becomes necessary to educate those who are likely to come in contact with video tape in a business environment. Secondly, and in the same context as the first problem, executives of organizations who already use video must be educated in the limitations of the medium. In becoming more familiar with the capabilities and limitations of video, executives help their media specialists (those in charge of the video departments) produce better quality productions with fewer headaches, while training their employees with better long term results.

Le domaine extrêmement sensible de la production de services aux personnes est fortement dynamisé par de puissantes associations qui administrent des établissements et services professionnels avec une efficacité reconnue. Pour autant, la puissance publique qui finance très largement ces établissements a engagé par la voie réglementaire une dynamique de modernisation organisationnelle qui implique une évolution extrêmement sensible des pratiques, des conceptions, des logiques d’action collective, des métiers et professions, et des formes organisationnelles. Cette évolution, inscrite dans l’ordonnance du 24 avril 1996 pour le secteur sanitaire et la loi du 2 janvier 2002 pour le secteur médico-social, suppose que ce secteur professionnel soit capable d’imaginer des solutions innovantes, notamment pour l’évaluation des processus professionnels et l’amélioration continue de la qualité des services. Dans un contexte de crise générale des modalités de management des ressources, les innovations organisationnelles sont imaginées dans des logiques d’autonomie au travail et de traçabilité. Les problèmes de communication et de recompositions organisationnelles, d’écriture et de langages professionnels, et autres particularités micro-culturelles sont analysées dans le cadre d’une observation-participante afin de comprendre les mutations professionnelles. à l’oeuvre depuis la loi du 2 janvier 2002 et l’ordonnance du 24 avril 1996 / The highly sensitive domain of services delivery to persons is mostly under the command of powerful NGO’s managing institutions and professional services with high efficiency. Meanwhile, the state which is the main financial source of these institutions has initiated through regulations a movement of organizational modernization which leads to extremely controversial changes in interventions, in representations, in strategies of collective actions, among trades and professions as well as in organizational structures. This development, present in the regulation of April 24, 1996, for the health domain, and the law of January 2nd, 2002, for the medico-social domain, implies that the professional domain be able to formulate innovative solutions, especially with regard to the evaluation of professional actions, and to the on-going improvement of the quality of services. In a context of a global crisis concerning the ways of managing resources, organizational innovations are conceived according to an approach centering on work autonomy and follow-up. Problems of communication and organization overhaul, of professional discourses and stylistics, and other mini-cultural issues are analyzed through a method of participant-observation in order to understand professional mutations taking place since the law of January 2nd, 2002, and of the regulation of April 24th, 1996

Människor rör sig runt i en större omfattning jämfört med förr i tiden. Detta har medfört ett ökat intresse bland forskare att studera just kommunikation och organisationskultur inom organisationer och företag. Oavsett vilken bransch och marknad en organisation verkar inom har dessa ämnen blivit aktuella att studera och reflektera kring hur organisationens helhet (strukturen, anställdas gemenskap, ledarskapet etc.) faktiskt fungerar. Våra forskningsfrågor är: Hur kan kommunikationen påverka organisationens kultur; mellan ledaren och anställda samt anställda sinsemellan? Hur kan ledarskapets kommunikation påverka organisationskulturen på företaget? Vårt syfte med detta arbete är att undersöka olika organisationers interna kommunikation, hur denna kan påverka organisationskulturen samt ledarskapet och hur de samspelar med varandra. Det kan bidra till mer kunskap till de organisationer som känner att den interna kommunikationen brister i organisationsledet. Rapporten kan även bidra till att organisationer blir medvetna om ämnesområdet. Detta arbete går ut på att få en djupare förståelse för det valda ämnet, vilket innebär att det är en studie som har en kvalitativ karaktär som vi studerat utifrån ett hermeneutiskt synsätt. Vi har därmed ställt helheten i relation till rapportens olika delar för att få en djup och bred förståelse kring de utvalda ämnesområdena. För att få svar på våra forskningsfrågor har vi i vår studie använt oss av både sekundära och primära datakällor. Vi har valt att även använda oss av intervjuer, specifikt semistrukturerade intervjuer. Vi har intervjuat respondenter som har ett ansvarsområde (ledar-/chefsroll) inom liknande branscher och storlek (storlek beräknat på antal heltidsanställda) och anställda som inte har ansvarsområden. Intern kommunikation är mest optimal när samtliga anställda, både med och utan ansvarsområde, i en organisation känner till kommunikationskanalerna, kulturen samt de visioner och mål som råder. Ett väl sammansvetsat samspel av alla dessa aspekter bidrar till en stark, konkurrenskraftig och framgångsrik organisation. / People are moving around in a greater extent than in the past. This has led to an increased interest among researchers to study communication and organizational culture within organizations and companies. No matter what business and marketing organizations are operating in, the subject has become topical for them to study and reflect on how the whole organization (structure, community members, leadership, etc.) actually works. Our research questions are: How can communication affect the organization's culture; between the leader and the members and the members among themselves? How can leadership communication affect the organizational culture of the company? Main purpose with our paper is to explore various corporate internal communications. As well how this can affect organizational culture and leadership and how they interact with each other. It can contribute to i.e. more knowledge to the organizations who feel that internal communication deficiencies in the organizations different levels. The report can also help the organizations that are not aware of the subject to become aware. Our purpose is as well to gain a deeper understanding of the chosen topic. This means that there is a study that has a qualitative character, which we studied from a hermeneutics approach. It is our intention to get as close to reality as possible. We have placed the various parts of this paper together to get a deep and broad understanding of the chosen field of study. We have chosen to have interviews, specifically semi-structured interviews. We interviewed respondents who have a responsibility (leadership/management role) in similar industries and size (size based on the number of full-time employees) and employees who do not have responsibilities. Internal communications are most optimal when all members of an organization know the channels of communication, culture and the vision and objectives prevails. A close-knit interaction of all these aspects contributes to a strong competitive organization.

<div>Online gendered collectivities like the Manosphere (an online collection of blogs, forums, and chat spaces devoted to shedding light on perceived social misandry) have provided opportune spaces for regressive forms of gendered organizing to occur. These spaces offer individuals an online network of safe spaces dedicated to antifeminism, misogyny, and pick-up artistry. While Manosphere networks have gained attention with their connections to the emerging Alt-Right activism online, these spaces have been legitimized in and throughout specific social networking platforms. For instance, sites like Reddit (dubbed the ‘Internet Culture Laboratory’) have become known as a hotbed of misogynist behaviors fostered and shared on comment threads and its subcommunities (known as subreddits).</div><div><br></div><div>Whereas previous scholarship pertaining to the Manosphere and The Red Pill have described the larger technocultural spaces that contribute to an increasingly toxic online world, less studied is how these organizations are organized—particularly with a focus on gendered organizing. SubReddits may adopt and take organizational forms wherein organizing occurs primarily through communicative engagement between users in the spaces (e.g., sharing posts, commenting on posts, and supporting some ideas over others through Reddit’s ‘upvote’ currency system). Over time, spaces like The Red Pill are networked, enacted, and organized. With an aim of understanding how organizational identity is organized and enacted on The Red Pill’s subreddit, this study analyzed the Top 100 posts of all time (over 35,000 comments and roughly 6,000 pages of text data) from The Red Pill to understand how conversations and content enacted a masculine organizational identity.</div><div><br></div><div>Using a multi-level analysis, this dissertation examines members’ text-based engagement, the social network, and types of roles influencers adopt to construct an organizational identity for r/TheRedPill. Using the comment threads from the Top 100 posts of all time, text mining and semantic networks were generated to understand how members of r/TheRedPill construct meanings and concepts focused on the organizational identity of the space. Second, using social network analyses, this dissertation illustrated the networks of influence of central users within r/TheRedPill. With a goal of understanding the roles that central users adopted, the dissertation adopted an online observation of the space to create a typology of leadership roles within r/TheRedPill. The findings uncovered three distinct contradictory themes focused on masculinity, sexual activity, and backlash that were central to organizing in The Red Pill. In addition to these three themes, the social network analysis and observation revealed distinct roles that influencers adopted to promote the organizational identity of r/TheRedPill.</div><div><br></div><div>Theoretically, the dissertation contributes to the Communicative Constitution of Organizing online by showcasing how the interconnections between conversations around gender, sexual activity, and backlash ‘scale up’ to construct a gendered organizational identity. Methodologically, this dissertation utilizes multiple levels of analysis to investigate online organizational activity. Pragmatically, these findings help provide a rich portrait of alternative forms of gendered organizing that occurs online. Future directions include examining the broader Red Pill network on Reddit, as well as examining contrastive spaces (e.g., r/TheBluePill or r/ThePurplePill) to investigate how members’ discursive engagement organizes and constitutes organizational activity as a response to r/TheRedPill.</div>

<div>This study introduced a design-inspired approach to unpack problems of professional formation</div><div>of engineers: 1) the gap between what students learn in universities and what they practice upon</div><div>graduation; 2) the perception that engineering is solely technical, math, and theory oriented; and</div><div>3) the lack of diversity and inclusion (incorporation of difference in perspectives, values, and</div><div>ways of thinking and being engineers) in many engineering programs. The current project</div><div>investigated the discursive practices and institutional processes that contributed to or inhibited</div><div>innovative and inclusive professional formation within an undergraduate engineering setting.</div><div>Specifically, this project showed how Grounded Practical Theory (GPT), Communication as</div><div>Design (CaD), and Human-Centered Design (HCD) offer alternative pathways to conceptualize</div><div>the processes of professional formation.</div><div><br></div><div><div>The context for this study involved the professional formation of engineers at a School of</div><div>Biomedical Engineering (BME) at a large, Midwestern university. Participants for this study</div><div>included undergraduate students and faculty, staff, and administration (FSA). Semi-structured</div><div>interview data was collected and explored participants’ descriptions, accounts, and experiences</div><div>related to professional engineering formation in BME. Data collection included 33 total</div><div>interviews including 15 FSA and 18 student interviews. The study involved an empirical</div><div>examination of discursive practices that invoked, reproduced, and maintained discourses of</div><div>professional engineering at the BME school.</div></div><div><br></div><div><div>Based on insights gained from the empirical examination of discursive practices, a GPT</div><div>framework was applied to examine conflicts in professional formation, strategies participants</div><div>used to overcome these challenges, and the underlying rationale for these strategies. Specifically, the goal of gaining a broad knowledge base—incorporating expertise across various engineering</div><div>and science disciplines—often can come at the expense of realizing specific application and</div><div>technical know-how. For many participants, both goals were critical for becoming a professional</div><div>biomedical engineer but often times blocked a discourse of professional formation that was</div><div>innovative and inclusive. Participants revealed that a standard lecture curriculum influenced this</div><div>tension, in many cases for the worse. However, findings suggested that strategies for overcoming</div><div>these conflicts were by integrating lecture curricula with more active learning formats (e.g.,</div><div>undergraduate research, lab participation). Moreover, findings showed how standard lecture</div><div>communication designs shaped and maintained a discourse community more likely to emphasize</div><div>understanding engineering as a science and also gaining a broad knowledge base often times at</div><div>the expense of realizing specific application and technical know-how.</div></div><div><br></div><div><div>This study’s analysis offers several theoretical contributions. First, GPT pointed to the deeply</div><div>integrated relationship between the ontological and epistemological foundations of biomedical</div><div>engineering professional formation. That is, becoming a biomedical engineer meant having</div><div>knowledge of several sets of disciplinary expertise while also understanding when and how to</div><div>enact this knowledge in practice. Second, professional formation designs for communication</div><div>(e.g., lecture designs, active learning designs) presupposed something about the recurrent</div><div>practices held within the school and how these recurrent practices constituted professional</div><div>ontology and epistemology in ways that were both enabling and problematic, Third, and from a</div><div>HCD perspective, exploring designs for communication brought to life the ways participants,</div><div>through interactivity, actively designed discourses of professional formation in an attempt to</div><div>achieve and meet their epistemological and ontological goals.</div></div>

Além das importantes pesquisas sobre as dimensões da Comunicação Organizacional, análises recentes têm demonstrado que a sustentabilidade é uma tendência contemporânea estabelecida. Nas organizações, tal cenário exige do comunicador uma atuação mais ampla diante de um contexto complexo e pós-moderno, em que se soma a oportunidade de atuar pela sustentabilidade. Propõe-se uma compreensão do perfil mais adequado deste profissional, que entenda como fazer as organizações incorporarem a sustentabilidade em sua gestão e qual o papel da comunicação nesta realização. O contexto e as pesquisas demonstram que o gestor de comunicação é o mais adequado, pelas habilidades e conhecimentos adquiridos na formação universitária, para empreender, dialogar, divulgar, planejar, gerir, mensurar, pesquisar, produzir materiais e desenvolver os canais de comunicação de uma organização para desenvolver a sustentabilidade em benefício da sociedade. / Besides important researches on the dimensions of Organizational Communication, recent studies have shown that sustainability is a contemporary trend. In organizations, this scenario requires from the communicator a broader performance before a complex and postmodern environment that adds up the opportunity of working for sustainability. In this study, it is proposed an understanding of the most suitable professional profile manager, who understands how organizations can incorporate sustainability into its management and the role of communication in this achievement. The context and current researches show that the communication professional is the most appropriate, due to the skills and knowledge acquired in university education, to engage, discuss, disclose, plan, manage, measure, researching, producing materials and develop communication channels of a organization to develop sustainably for the benefit of society.

As décadas de 1990 e 2000 foram marcadas por transformações mundiais profundas, que afetaram as relações sociais, econômicas e culturais. Com a popularização das novas tecnologias e da internet, a complexidade das organizações são evidenciadas, e as discussões em torno do tecnológico e do humano são ampliadas. Nesse contexto, a comunicação organizacional necessita reestruturar-se, para atender às demandas geradas pelos relacionamentos organizacionais que se modificam em função da diversidade e das alterações comportamentais dos públicos. Nesse cenário tecnológico e de economia globalizada, as Tecnologias de Informação - TI - configuram-se essenciais para o sucesso do negócio e para a gestão organizacional. Voltados para o controle e monitoramento da produção e da administração, os programas, plataformas e serviços tecnológicos são orientados para oferecer às organizações as melhores práticas empresariais, otimização de custos, de tempo e de desempenho. O alinhamento estratégico da área com a organização é essencial para que esses objetivos sejam atingidos, e a interação entre os profissionais de TI com os profissionais organizacionais é imprescindível. A comunicação configura-se, nesse contexto, como centro das discussões sobre a eficiência e eficácia da TI. Para conhecer melhor esse cenário, optou-se por uma metodologia que vislumbrasse o cenário da TI do ponto de vista interno e externo e que possibilitasse a compreensão do papel da comunicação na interface TI e Comunicação. Para tanto, optou-se por estruturar uma metodologia que possibilitasse uma leitura aprofundada, a partir de dados quantitativos e qualitativos. A observação sistemática da pesquisa exploratória orientou a estruturação de um questionário semiestruturado, com perguntas abertas e fechadas, para profissionais de TI e de Comunicação. Na sequência, os dados quantitativos orientaram a formulação de um roteiro de entrevista com profissionais de TI, sobre sua realidade, confirmação das dificuldades comunicacionais e expectativas sobre a interface. A partir dos indicativos da pesquisa qualitativa e da análise de conteúdo das questões abertas, aplicou-se a análise GUT - Gravidade, Urgência e Tendência - e SWOT - Forças, Fraquezas, Oportunidades e Ameaças - de cada área. No cruzamento dessas duas análises, estabeleceram-se as prioridades das áreas para a interface. A partir disso, foi possível identificar as necessidades de ênfase na comunicação administrativa e interna, para a realidade da Tecnologia da Informação nas organizações, e sistematizar o processo comunicacional no alinhamento das melhores práticas empresariais. / The 1990s and 2000s were marked by worldwide deep changes, which affected the social, economic and cultural relations. As new technologies and the Internet became popular, the complexity of the organizations became more visible and the discussions on the technological and the human were enlarged. In this context, the organizational communication needs to be restructured, to meet the demand generated by organizational relationships, which have changed due to the diversity and behavioral changes of the public. Aiming this technological scenario and globalized economy, the Information Technologies - IT - turn out to be essential to the business success and to organizational management. Focused on the control and monitoring of production and administration, the programs, platforms and technological services are guided to offer to organizations the best entrepreneurial practices, cost, time and performance optimization. The area strategic alignment with the organization is essential for the objectives to be achieved, and the interaction between the IT and the organizational professionals is imperative. The communication, in this context, is the center of discussions on IT efficiency and effectiveness. To learn more about this scenario, a methodology was chosen in order to envision the IT scenario from the internal and external point of view and that would enable the understanding of the role of communication in the IT and Communication interface. Therefore, a methodology that enabled an in depth reading, from quantitative and qualitative data was organized. The systematic observation of exploratory survey guided the organization of a semi-structured questionnaire, with open-ended and closed-ended questions, for IT and communication professionals. Following that, the quantitative data oriented the formulation of an interview guide to IT professionals about their reality, confirmation of their communication difficulties and expectations about the interface. From the qualitative research indicators and the analysis of the content of the open-ended questions, it was applied the GUT analysis - Gravity, Urgency and Tendency - and SWOT - Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats - of each area. From the crossing of these two analyses, the priorities of the areas for the interface were established. From that, it was possible to identify the needs to emphasize the administrative and internal communications for the reality of Information Technology in the organizations and systematize the communication process in alignment with the entrepreneurial best practices.