Submitted by Sara Ribeiro (sara.ribeiro@ucb.br) on 2017-06-21T18:51:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 AntonioCarlosSilveiraMarcolinoDissertacao2016.pdf: 6156292 bytes, checksum: d429c57126e7bc2351ea9c3c48c300ab (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Sara Ribeiro (sara.ribeiro@ucb.br) on 2017-06-21T18:51:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 AntonioCarlosSilveiraMarcolinoDissertacao2016.pdf: 6156292 bytes, checksum: d429c57126e7bc2351ea9c3c48c300ab (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-21T18:51:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AntonioCarlosSilveiraMarcolinoDissertacao2016.pdf: 6156292 bytes, checksum: d429c57126e7bc2351ea9c3c48c300ab (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-29 / The guanylate cyclase activator 2B, also known as uroguanylin, is part of the guanylin peptide family, which includes peptides such as guanylin and lymphoguanylin. The guanylin peptides are related to sodium absorption inhibition and water secretion induction. Uroguanylin may be related to various pathologies such as chronic renal failure, congestive heart failure and nephrotic syndrome. Uroguanylin mutations have already been associated with essential hypertension. However, there are no studies on the structural changes in the uroguanylin???s protein that used single nucleotide polymorphisms through the use of molecular dynamics simulations. This study used 16 in silico SNP impact prediction tools to evaluate non synonymous SNPs and to select mutations considered as convergent deleterious, which were further analyzed through long time molecular dynamics simulations of 1 microsecond of duration. The results of the molecular dynamics simulations suggest that all SNPs considered as convergent deleterious suffered some kind of structural change, however, four of these nsSNPs have also undergone flexibility changes, possibly resulting in functional changes. / O ativador guanilato ciclase 2B, tamb??m conhecido como uroguanilina, faz parte da fam??lia de pept??deos da guanilina, a qual inclui pept??deos como a guanilina e a linfoguanilina. Os pept??deos da guanilina est??o ligados ?? inibi????o da absor????o de s??dio e indu????o da secre????o de ??gua. A disfun????o da uroguanilina est?? relacionada ao desenvolvimento de v??rias patologias, como insufici??ncia renal cr??nica, insufici??ncia card??aca congestiva e s??ndrome nefr??tica. Muta????es na uroguanilina tamb??m j?? foram associadas ?? hipertens??o essencial. Entretanto, n??o existem estudos sobre a utiliza????o de simula????es por din??mica molecular para avaliar o impacto estrutural causado por nsSNPs presentes no gene codificador da prote??na uroguanilina. Este estudo utilizou 16 ferramentas in silico de predi????o de impacto de nsSNPs para filtrar nsSNPs convergentes delet??rios para posterior an??lise por simula????es por din??mica molecular de longa dura????o (1 microssegundo de dura????o). Os resultados das simula????es por din??mica molecular sugerem que todos os nsSNPs considerados como convergentes delet??rios sofreram algum tipo de altera????o estrutural, por??m, quatro destes SNPs tamb??m sofreram altera????es de flexibilidade, possivelmente resultando em altera????es funcionais.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-03-02T23:14:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 EdinaraTarginoDeMelo_DISSERT.pdf: 2062041 bytes, checksum: b2de2a9d0f47d751e6c33c3d69b984a7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-03-04T23:26:34Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 EdinaraTarginoDeMelo_DISSERT.pdf: 2062041 bytes, checksum: b2de2a9d0f47d751e6c33c3d69b984a7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-04T23:26:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 EdinaraTarginoDeMelo_DISSERT.pdf: 2062041 bytes, checksum: b2de2a9d0f47d751e6c33c3d69b984a7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-31 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / No Brasil, ? grande a incid?ncia de animais pe?onhentos, dentre os quais se destacam os escorpi?es por sua import?ncia m?dica, sendo sua pe?onha fonte de diversas subst?ncias qu?micas com atividades biol?gicas e farmacol?gicas ainda n?o compreendidas, incluindo diversos pept?deos bioativos. Pept?deos antimicrobianos (PAMs) s?o componentes do sistema imune de procariotos e eucariotos utilizados como primeira linha de defesa contra micro-organismos. No presente trabalho, foi caracterizado o primeiro PAM do escorpi?o Tityus stigmurus, nomeado Stigmurina, previamente identificado por meio do transcriptoma da gl?ndula de veneno desta esp?cie. As caracter?sticas da Stigmurina foram investigadas por modelagem computacional e constru??o de dendrograma. Al?m disso, as caracter?sticas estruturais da Stigmurina foram investigadas por dicro?smo circular em ?gua, em 2, 2, 2- trifluoethanol (TFE) e em dodecil sulfato de s?dio (SDS) e os modelos refinados por simula??es de din?mica molecular. Testes in vitro foram empregados para investigar a atividade antibacteriana, antif?ngica, hemol?tica e citot?xica do veneno bruto e da Stigmurina. Os resultados mostraram que a sequ?ncia selecionada codifica uma prote?na madura com 17 res?duos de amino?cidos e o dendrograma revela um caso de converg?ncia evolutiva. Os espectros de dicro?smo demonstraram flexibilidade conformacional, predominando estrutura estendida e ??folha, al?m de not?vel capacidade de renatura??o. A pe?onha bruta n?o apresentou atividade relevante nos testes antimicrobianos para as concentra??es testadas. No entanto, a Stigmurina mostrou um amplo espectro de atividade antibacteriana, com concentra??es inibit?rias m?nimas (CIMs) entre 31,25?g/mL a 250 ?g/mL para diferentes micro-organismos, enquanto que os resultados para a avalia??o da atividade hemol?tica nestas concentra??es foram baixas. Nos estudos de citotoxicidade, a pe?onha bruta foi incapaz de reduzir a viabilidade celular em c?lulas VERO E6, por?m sua toxicidade em c?lulas SiHa foi significativamente superior, correspondendo a uma IC50 de 3,6 ?g/mL. J? nos testes com a Stigmurina, as concentra??es capazes de reduzir a viabilidade celular das c?lulas VERO E6 e SiHa em 50% foram de 275,67 ?g/mL e 212,54 ?g/mL, respectivamente.Os resultados sugerem que a Stigmurina poder ser considerada como um potencial medicamento anti-infeccioso. / In Brazil, there is a high incidence of venomous animals. Among them, scorpions are highlighted by their medical importance, and for being their venom a source of several molecules with biological and pharmacological activity not yet fully understood, including several bioactive peptides. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are components of the immune system in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, used in the first line of defense against microorganisms. In the present study, we characterized the first PAM previously identified through transcriptome of the venom gland of the scorpion Tityus stigmurus, named Stigmurin. The characteristics of Stigmurin were investigated by computational modeling and construction of dendrogram. In vitro tests investigated the antibacterial, antifungal, haemolytic and cytotoxic effects of crude venom and Stigmurin. In addition, the structural characteristics of Stigmurin were investigated by circular dochroism in water, 2, 2 , 2- trifluoethanol (TFE) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and the models were refined by molecular dynamics simulations. The results showed that the selected sequence encodes a mature protein of 17 amino acid residues and the dendrogram reveals a case of convergent evolution. The crude venom showed no antimicrobial activity, however, Stigmurin exhibited a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, with minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) ranging from 31.25 and 250 ?g/mL for different strains, while the hemolytic activity at these concentrations was low. In cytotoxicity studies, the crude venom was unable to reduce cell viability in VERO E6 cells; in contrast, its activity in SiHa cells was significantly higher, corresponding to IC50 of 3.6 ?g/mL. For Stigmurin the concentration sable to decrease cell viability of Vero E6 and SiHa cells in 50% were 275.67 ?g/mL and 212.54 ?g/mL, respectively. The dichroism spectra revealed the conformational flexibility, with predominating extended and ??sheet structures, as well as a remark able renaturation ability. The results suggest that Stigmurin could be considered as a potential antiinfective drug

Submitted by PPG Biotecnologia Farmac?utica (mpbf@pucrs.br) on 2017-12-20T19:17:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ANA_SOFIA_OLIVEIRA-DIS.pdf: 959707 bytes, checksum: 29ee77d841ca692f44c6db51a03d5a23 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-12-26T17:46:20Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ANA_SOFIA_OLIVEIRA-DIS.pdf: 959707 bytes, checksum: 29ee77d841ca692f44c6db51a03d5a23 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-26T17:48:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ANA_SOFIA_OLIVEIRA-DIS.pdf: 959707 bytes, checksum: 29ee77d841ca692f44c6db51a03d5a23 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-20 / Dengue fever is an arboviral infection highly common in Brazil, and it corresponds to a major public health problem. Annually, its incidence overcomes 50,000,000, from which about 25,000 are associated to death cases. Due to this high incidence and number of death, it is of great urgency to identify this disease while in an early state. That way, would be possible to avoid any progression of the disease to more severe cases. A major problem related to dengue is that the virus is represented by four subtypes, which are phylogenetically distinct (DENV1, DENV2, DENV3 and DENV4). This means that, although the manifestations and the forms of dissemination are the same, an infection caused by one of the serotypes will not protect against the others. In fact, an infection caused by one of the four serotypes may intensify even more the disease caused by a secondary infection by the three others. One hypothesis that could explain this relationship between heterotypic infections and severe cases of the disease is the ADE hypothesis (antibody-dependent enhancement), which suggests that a secondary infection would cause a cross-reaction between antigen and antibody, preventing the virus of being inactivated. As a consequence, it would result in an increase of the production of inflammatory mediators and vascular permeability that would intensify the disease. Therefore, it?s very important to identify the disease while it is still in an initial stage. However, this early identification is hard and its diagnosis is still limited. Thus, a serological marker would be highly valuable. Recently, serological biomarkers for early diagnosis have become a topic of great interest. These biomarkers have advantages of not being invasive to the patient and inexpensive to produce and analyze. Thus, in this project, we introduce a new technology for the search of such markers, the peptoids. Peptoids are synthetic oligomers, composed of N-substituted glycine units, and can be used for several biological utilities that provide an alternative technology for the investigation and the elucidation of the immune response. Moreover, they have been used and reported as a potential candidate for the search of serological biomarkers due to their chemical stability in fluids where degradative enzymes can be found. In addition to that, the fact that there is no need for a prior knowledge about the target only make them even more attractive for such ?job?. In this project, a combinatorial library of about one million of peptoids was screened in sera from dengue positive patients, as well as negative patients. Hereby we report the potential of this synthetic molecules for the identification of antibodies with clinical relevance present in the patients' serum. The results here reported were generated by 3 consecutive screening steps, where 33 reactive peptoids were identified as potential biomarkers. Because of the impartiality of this technique, we believe that at least one of these 33 peptoids are extremely specific for the studied disease. Currently, they have been sent for the sequencing and re-synthesis step, so that new experiments can be done and the study can continue. We are very excited and we don?t expect nothing less than promising results in the field of diagnosis and dengue. / A dengue ? uma arbovirose de alta incid?ncia no Brasil, e corresponde a um grande problema de sa?de p?blica. Ela possui uma incid?ncia anual de mais de 50.000.000 e resulta num elevado n?mero de casos de ?bito, cerca de 25.000. Devido a isso, ? de grande urg?ncia que possamos identificar esta doen?a enquanto ela ainda se encontra em um estado inicial, para que, deste modo, possamos evitar a progress?o da doen?a para casos mais severos. Um grande problema relacionado a dengue ? que o v?rus ? representado por quatro subtipos, os quais s?o filogen?ticamente distintos (DENV1, DENV2, DENV3 e DENV4). Isso quer dizer que, por mais que as manifesta??es e formas de dissemina??o sejam iguais, a contamina??o por um dos sorotipos n?o ir? proteger contra as demais. Ao contr?rio do que muitos acreditam, a infec??o por um sorotipo pode at? assentuar uma infec??o secund?ria pelos demais. Uma hip?tese para explicar casos mais severos da doen?a devido a infec??es heterot?picas ? a hip?tese de ADE (antibody-dependent enhancement), a qual sugere que a rea??o cruzada resulta na falta da inativa??o viral, aumentando assim a produ??o de mediadores inflamat?rios e permeabilidade vascular devido a uma estimula??o da replica??o do v?rus. Devido a isso, ? de grande necessidade a identifica??o da doen?a antes das manifesta??es severas, e, porque essa identifica??o cl?nica, principalmente no est?gio inicial da doen?a, ? dif?cil, um marcardor sorol?gico seria muito valioso. Marcadores sorol?gicos para diagn?stico de doen?as v?m se tornando um t?pico de recente interesse. Esses biomarcadores t?m a vantagem de n?o serem invasivos para o paciente e baratos de produzir e analizar. Sendo assim, aqui, apresentamos uma nova tecnologia para a busca desses marcadores, os pept?ids. Pept?ids s?o olig?meros sint?ticos, compostos por unidades de glicina N-substitu?da e possuem uma variada utilidade biol?gica que proporcionam uma tecnologia alternativa para a investiga??o e elucida??o da resposta imune. O mesmo, v?m se destacando para busca de biomarcadores sorol?gicos devido a sua estabilidade qu?mica em flu?dos onde enzimas degradativas podem estar presentes e devido a resultados promissores sem a necessidade de um conhecimento pr?vio sobre o ant?geno natural e o seu anticorpo correspondente. Neste projeto, foi realizado a triagem de uma biblioteca combinatorial com cerca de um milh?o de pept?ids, os quais passaram por etapas de triagens em soros de pacientes positivos para dengue, bem como para pacientes negativos. Aqui provamos o potencial dessas mol?culas sint?ticas na identifica??o de anticorpos com relev?ncia cl?nica presente no soro dos pacientes. Os resultados obtidos foram gerados atrav?s de 3 etapas de triagem consecutivas, onde 33 pept?ids reativos foram identificados. Devido a imparcialidade desta t?cnica, acreditamos que pelo menos um desses 33 pept?ids seja extremamente espec?fico para a doen?a estudada. Os mesmos foram enviados para sequenciamento e re-s?ntese para que novos experimentos sejam feitos e para que os estudos continuem. Espera-se resultados muito promissores na ?rea de diagn?stico para dengue.

Submitted by Sara Ribeiro (sara.ribeiro@ucb.br) on 2017-11-09T10:26:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 NicoleBerwangerCobachoDissertacao2017.pdf: 2681393 bytes, checksum: 06c28d06b89b63056ccfd84351dd8d36 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Sara Ribeiro (sara.ribeiro@ucb.br) on 2017-11-09T11:17:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 NicoleBerwangerCobachoDissertacao2017.pdf: 2681393 bytes, checksum: 06c28d06b89b63056ccfd84351dd8d36 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-09T11:17:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 NicoleBerwangerCobachoDissertacao2017.pdf: 2681393 bytes, checksum: 06c28d06b89b63056ccfd84351dd8d36 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-22 / UCB / The resistance of microorganisms to commonly used antibiotics has increased dramatically in recent years, suggesting that we will soon enter a post-antibiotic era where no therapy currently used will be effective in the fighting against infection. Thus, the search and study of new drugs and models of action of compounds that prevent or reduce the development of pathogens is essential. In this context, antimicrobial peptides (PAMs) appear as a new generation of compounds that demonstrate a great therapeutic potential. These molecules present themselves in low concentration in the organism of origin, making their isolation from natural sources an expensive and often impracticable process. In order to obtain a greater quantity of these peptides, recombinant expression via the heterologous system can be considered an efficient alternative in terms of time, cost and productivity. In 2009, Mandal et al. isolated three coconut water (Coco nucifera) peptides, called Cn-AMP1-2 and -3. Among them, Cn-AMP1 presented better activity against bacteria and fungi of medical importance. Subsequently, Lopez-Abarrategui et al. in 2012 isolated peptides with antimicrobial activity from the mollusk Cenchritis muricatus called Cm-p1 and Cm-p2. From these, a series of variant peptides were theoretically proposed in silico and evaluated against Candida albicans and the peptide named Cm-p5 demonstrated, among them, better antifungal activity. In this work, several constructs containing the peptides Cm-p5 and Cn-AMP1 were drawn in tandem and inserted into the pETSUMO (Life Technologies) vector. Genes were expressed in large quantities in strains derived from Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) and after affinity column purification, they were evaluated, still fused with SUMO protein, against pathogenic microorganisms. However, none of the expressed peptides demonstrated bactericidal activity against the strains evaluated. / A resist??ncia dos microrganismos aos antibi??ticos que s??o comumente utilizados vem aumentando drasticamente nos ??ltimos anos, sugerindo que brevemente, entraremos em uma era p??s-antibi??ticos onde terapias utilizadas atualmente n??o ser??o mais eficientes no combate a infec????es. Desta forma, a procura e o estudo de novas drogas e modelos de a????o de compostos que impe??am ou reduzam o desenvolvimento de pat??genos ?? essencial. Neste contexto, os pept??deos antimicrobianos (PAMs) surgem como uma nova gera????o de compostos que demonstram um grande potencial terap??utico. Essas mol??culas apresentam-se em baixa concentra????o no organismo de origem, tornando o seu isolamento a partir de fontes naturais um processo dispendioso e, por muitas vezes, invi??vel. Para a obten????o de maior quantidade desses pept??deos, a express??o recombinante via sistema heter??logo pode ser considerada uma alternativa eficiente em rela????o ao tempo, custo e produtividade. Em 2009, Mandal e colaboradores isolaram tr??s pept??deos da agua de coco (Coco nucifera), denominados Cn-AMP1 -2 e -3. Dentre eles, o Cn-AMP1 apresentou melhor atividade contra bact??rias e fungos de import??ncia medica. Posteriormente, Lopez-Abarrategui e colaboradores em 2012 isolaram pept??deos com atividade antimicrobiana do molusco Centrichis muricatus denominados Cm-p1 e Cm-p2. A partir destes, uma serie de pept??deos variantes foram teoricamente propostos in silico e avaliados contra C. albicans sendo que o pept??deo nominado o Cm-p5 demonstrou, entre todos, melhor atividade antif??ngica. Neste trabalho, v??rias constru????es contendo os pept??deos Cm-p5 e Cn-AMP1 foram desenhadas em tandem e inseridas no vetor pETSUMO (Life Technologies). Os genes foram expressos em grandes quantidades em cepas derivadas de Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) e ap??s purifica????o em coluna de afinidade, os mesmos foram avaliados, ainda fusionados com a prote??na SUMO, contra microrganismos patog??nicos. No entanto, nenhum dos pept??deos expressos demonstrou atividade bactericida contra as cepas avaliadas.

Submitted by Sara Ribeiro (sara.ribeiro@ucb.br) on 2017-06-05T17:52:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 LianaCostaPereiraDissertacao2014.pdf: 1788731 bytes, checksum: aaf1eef40e98ed7a21c08304f7dce33b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Sara Ribeiro (sara.ribeiro@ucb.br) on 2017-06-05T17:54:37Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 LianaCostaPereiraDissertacao2014.pdf: 1788731 bytes, checksum: aaf1eef40e98ed7a21c08304f7dce33b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-05T17:54:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LianaCostaPereiraDissertacao2014.pdf: 1788731 bytes, checksum: aaf1eef40e98ed7a21c08304f7dce33b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-05-29 / Viral infections affect every living organism. Health care programs and vaccines have been developed to control and prevent those infections, but there is still the occurrence of severe diseases and with great social-economic importance, whose only alternative is the treatment with antivirals drugs. Those compounds possess different mechanisms of action and are specific for each virus. Nevertheless, with many viruses resistant strains rise, a growing interest in novel antivirals development or in the improvement of existing drugs have been observed. In the last few years, antimicrobial peptides have shown antiviral activities making them candidates for antiviral drugs. The present study aimed to evaluate the possible antiviral activities of synthetic peptides clavanin MO, LL-37, Cn-AMP1 and variants of the Pa-MAP1 against HSV-1 and the Aichivirus replication. The peptides cytotoxic effects against Vero cells were evaluated by MTT method, whereas the clavanin MO, the Pa-MAP 1.8 and Pa-MAP 18br showed more cytotoxicity, with concentrations higher than 15,4 ??M and 12 ??M, respectively. Considering the antivirals assays, it was observed that the peptide Pa-MAP 1 causes 90 % of HSV-1 replication, with a SI higher than 4.8 and a virucidal mechanism of action, but null against the Aichivirus. Futhermore LL- 37 presented 90 % of Aichivirus inhibition, with a SI of 3.4. Others peptides tested showed percentages below 41 %. Future studies are need in order to elucidate which HSV-1 structure does Pa-MAP1 interacts and futher extend to in vivo tests. In summary, this study it is the first one to describe antiviral tests for the treatment of the Aichivirus infection. / As infec????es virais acometem todos os organismos vivos. Para o controle e preven????o dessas infec????es, programas de sa??de p??blica e vacinas t??m sido desenvolvidos, mas ainda h?? a ocorr??ncia de doen??as graves e de grande impacto socioecon??mico cuja ??nica alternativa ?? o tratamento com antivirais. Estes possuem diferentes mecanismos de a????o e s??o espec??ficos para cada tipo viral. Entretanto, o surgimento de variantes resistentes de muitos tipos virais tem levado h?? um crescimento no interesse de desenvolver novos antivirais ou at?? mesmo melhorar os existentes. Nos ??ltimos anos, estudos sobre pept??deos antimicrobianos relatam a atividade antiviral desses compostos, tornando-os candidatos a medicamentos antivirais. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a poss??vel atividade antiviral dos pept??deos sint??ticos clavanina MO, LL-37, Cn-AMP1 e variantes da Pa-MAP contra o Herpes v??rus humano 1 e Aichiv??rus. O efeito citot??xico dos pept??deos em c??lulas Vero foi avaliado pelo m??todo do MTT, sendo que a clavanina MO, a Pa- MAP 1.8 e Pa-MAP 18br demonstraram maior citotoxicidade em concentra????es maiores que 15,4 ??M, e 12 ??M, respectivamente. Considerando os ensaios antivirais, observou-se que o pept??deo Pa-MAP1 apresentou 90 % de inibi????o da replica????o do HHV-1, com um IS maior que 4,8, sendo que seu mecanismo de a????o foi definido como virucida, por??m contra o Aichiv??rus o PI foi nulo. Al??m disso, LL-37 apresentou 90 % de inibi????o do Aichiv??rus com um IS de 3,4. Os outros pept??deos testados apresentaram percentuais abaixo de 41 % contra ambos os v??rus. Futuros estudos moleculares s??o necess??rios para se determinar com qual estrutura do HHV-1 a Pa-MAP1 interage e para estender os testes para modelos in vivo. Este estudo ?? o primeiro a relatar testes antivirais para o tratamento do Aichiv??rus.

Contexte : Les maladies pulmonaires comme l'asthme ou la mucoviscidose représentent des problèmes majeurs de santé publique. Elles se manifestent par une inflammation chronique avec une production accrue de cytokines pro-inflammatoires et à terme une dégradation de la fonction respiratoire. Les efforts thérapeutiques tentent, d'un côté, de contrôler la réaction inflammatoire et aussi d'améliorer la biodisponibilité médicamenteuse. Objectif : Notre objectif est d'explorer l'implication des phospholipases dans l'inflammation et le rôle des transporteurs peptidiques dans le transport des antibiotiques dans la mucoviscidose. Nous avons aussi cherché à comprendre l'effet d'une supplémentation en cobalamine sur l'efficacité de la dexaméthasone dans un contexte inflammatoire. Méthodes : Des techniques immunologiques, électrophorétiques, de culture cellulaire, d'immunoprécipitation et d'expression génique sont utilisées sur des lignées bronchiques humaines normales ou mucoviscidosiques. Résultats : 1) La PC-PLC est constitutivement suractivée dans les cellules mucoviscidosiques et conduit à une surproduction d'arachidonate, à une surexpression de Cox-2, une surproduction de PGE2, une surexpression d'interleukine-8, et au défaut de régulation beta-adrénergique de la sécrétion. L'inhibition de cette enzyme par le D609 permet de corriger tous ces défauts. 2) L'activité du transporteur peptidique, impliquée dans le transport d'antibiotiques, PEPT2, a été caractérisée dans les cellules bronchiques normales (Vm = 115 pmol/106 cellules/min ; Km = 15µM). Ce transporteur n'est pas influencé par un contexte inflammatoire. Ce transporteur est inactif dans les cellules CF. 3) La cobalamine potentialise l'effet de la déxaméthasone sur la sécrétion et l'expression des cytokines pro-inflammatoires induite par le TNFa et l'histamine. Conclusions/perspectives : Cette étude devrait permettre 1) de mettre en lumière l'importance de la PC-PLC comme cible pharmacologique potentielle dans la mucoviscidose. 2) de comprendre la relative faible efficacité de l'antibiothérapie dans cette maladie et 3) de mettre en évidence une possible participation du cycle de la méthionine dans le processus inflammatoire / Background: Lung diseases such as asthma or cystic fibrosis are major public health problems. They are manifested by chronic inflammation with increased production of proinflammatory cytokines leading to respiratory failure. Current therapeutic is aimed at controling the inflammatory response and also at improving drug bioavailability. Objective: The objective is to explore the involvement of phospholipases in inflammation and the role of peptide transporters in the transport of antibiotics in cystic fibrosis. We also sought to understand the effect of cobalamin supplementation on the effectiveness of dexamethasone in an inflammatory context. Methods: immunological techniques, electrophoresis, cell culture, immunoprecipitation and gene expression are used on normal or cystic fibrosis human bronchial cell lines. Results : 1) PC-PLC is constitutively overactivated in cystic fibrosis cells and leads to overproduction of arachidonate, to overexpression of Cox-2 , an overproduction of PGE2 , an interleukin -8 overexpression , and to alteration of beta-adrenergic secretion. Inhibition of this enzyme by D609 corrects these defects. 2) The activity of the dipeptide carrier involved in the transport of antibiotics, PEPT2, was characterized in normal bronchial cells (Vm = 115 pmol/106 cells / min, Km = 15µM). This transporter is not affected by an inflammatory context. However, it was shown to be inactive in CF cells. 3) Cobalamin potentiates the effect of dexamethasone on the expression and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines induced by TNFa and histamine. Conclusions : This study should help 1) to highlight the importance of PC-PLC as a potential pharmacological target in cystic fibrosis. 2) to understand the relative ineffectiveness of antibiotics in this disease , and 3) to highlight a possible involvement of methionine cycle in the inflammatory process

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2014-12-18T17:01:07Z No. of bitstreams: 2 carlos_felipe_reis_costa_guimaraes.pdf: 3938293 bytes, checksum: e0cdf597f1d9513ef2531c8a0cd6278f (MD5) license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2014-12-18T17:56:25Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 carlos_felipe_reis_costa_guimaraes.pdf: 3938293 bytes, checksum: e0cdf597f1d9513ef2531c8a0cd6278f (MD5) license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2014-12-18T18:01:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 carlos_felipe_reis_costa_guimaraes.pdf: 3938293 bytes, checksum: e0cdf597f1d9513ef2531c8a0cd6278f (MD5) license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-18T18:01:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 carlos_felipe_reis_costa_guimaraes.pdf: 3938293 bytes, checksum: e0cdf597f1d9513ef2531c8a0cd6278f (MD5) license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Neste trabalho foi estudada a influ?ncia dos efeitos estruturais na rea??o de dimeriza??o associada ? obten??o do pept?deo antimicrobiano homotarsinina (Htr), bem como foram realizados ensaios hemol?ticos e de toxicidade desse pept?deo perante c?lulas humanas. Primeiramente foi realizada a s?ntese da cadeia monom?rica da homotarsinina (Htr-M), empregando-se a estrat?gia Fmoc de s?ntese em fase s?lida. Em seguida, o produto foi purificado por cromatografia l?quida de alta efici?ncia em fase reversa (CLAE-FR), tendo sido o homod?mero obtido sequenciado e caracterizado por espectrometria de massas (MALDI-ToF). Foram realizados estudos das prefer?ncias conformacionais da Htr-M por dicro?smo circular (CD) em diferentes meios e condi??es, como na presen?a de tamp?o Tris-HCl aquoso, em diferentes misturas de TFE-H2O e na presen?a de micelas de SDS. Realizou-se ent?o a rea??o de dimeriza??o do mon?mero em tr?s meios: (i) solu??o tamp?o Tris-HCl 100 mmol?L-1 pH 8,5, (ii) solu??o micelar de SDS 350 mmol?L-1 em tamp?o Tris-HCl 100 mmol?L-1 pH 8,5 e (iii) solu??o TFE:H2O 40:60 (v/v) em Tris-HCl 100 mmol?L-1 pH 8,5. O acompanhamento cin?tico das rea??es de dimeriza??o foi realizado por CLAE-FR. Como resultado, foi observado que em solu??o micelar de SDS a rea??o se completa em aproximadamente 6h (rendimento de 62%), enquanto que em solu??o tamp?o e em solu??o de TFE:H2O s?o necess?rias 24h e 48h (rendimentos de 66% e 85%), respectivamente. Os resultados de CD obtidos para a Htr-M em condi??es similares ?s empregadas nas rea??es de dimeriza??o mostraram que a Htr-M apresenta predominantemente conforma??o rand?mica em tamp?o Tris-HCl aquoso, enquanto adota predominantemente estrutura de h?lice ? em solu??o de TFE:H2O (40:60) ou na presen?a de micelas de SDS. Assim, os resultados do acompanhamento cin?tico da rea??o de dimeriza??o indicam que a conforma??o predominantemente rand?mica da Htr-M em tamp?o Tris-HCl aquoso, bem como a diminui??o de sua mobilidade e maior intera??o com a superf?cie das micelas de SDS e os efeitos de agrega??o que ocorrem em solu??o de TFE:H2O influenciam diretamente na forma de aproxima??o das cadeias monom?ricas, atuando de maneiras diferentes na forma??o da liga??o dissulfeto. Por fim, foram realizados ensaios de toxicidade em c?lulas humanas, os quais mostraram que Htr-M e Htr n?o apresentam toxicidade a leuc?citos mononucleares, al?m do que tamb?m n?o apresentam atividade hemol?tica. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Qu?mica, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2013. / ABSTRACT This dissertation is mainly related to studies concerning the role of the structural effects on the dimerization reaction that leads to the antimicrobial peptide homotarsinin (Htr). Besides, hemolytic assays as well as the toxicity of this peptide against human cells have also been investigated. Firstly, the monomeric chain (Htr-M) was obtained by Fmoc solid-phase synthesis. The product was purified by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) and then sequenced and characterized by mass spectrometry (MALDI-ToF). Circular dichroism (CD) studies regarding the Htr-M conformational preferences were performed for the peptide in different media and conditions, such as Tris-HCl aqueous buffer, TFE:H2O mixtures, as well as in the presence of SDS micelles. The dimerization reaction was then performed in three distinct media, namely: (i) Tris-HCl aqueous buffer 100 mmol?L-1 pH 8.5, (ii) SDS micellar solution of 350 mmol?L-1 in Tris-HCl 100 mmol?L-1 pH 8.5 and (iii) TFE:H2O 40:60 in Tris-HCl 100 mmol?L-1 pH 8.5. CD studies performed in similar conditions indicated that Htr-M presents predominantly random conformations in aqueous Tris-HCl buffer, whereas it adopts ?-helical arrangements in either TFE:H2O (40:60) solution or in the presence of SDS micelles. The kinetic monitoring of the dimerization reactions was carried out by RP-HPLC. The results indicated that the reaction is completed in about 6 h (yield 62%) in the presence of SDS micelles, whereas 24 h and 48 h (yields 66% and 85%) are necessary for the dimerizations performed in the aqueous Tris-HCl and in the TFE:H2O solutions, respectively. Therefore, the kinetic studies indicated that the predominantly random conformation of Htr-M in Tris-HCl aqueous buffer, as well as the mobility decrease alongside with the peptide-micelle interactions in the presence of SDS, as well as the aggregation effects in the TFE:H2O solution directly affect the inter-chain approach process, which leads to different pathways of the disulfide bond formation. Finally, toxicity assays were performed in human cells and the results showed that both Htr-M and Htr are not toxic against mononuclear leukocytes and also do not show hemolytic activity.

Submitted by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2017-09-20T20:31:49Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) gabriele_azevedo_cardoso.pdf: 4324631 bytes, checksum: 3efd70a64b9fe1de1234371d61299990 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2017-10-09T13:35:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) gabriele_azevedo_cardoso.pdf: 4324631 bytes, checksum: 3efd70a64b9fe1de1234371d61299990 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-09T13:35:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) gabriele_azevedo_cardoso.pdf: 4324631 bytes, checksum: 3efd70a64b9fe1de1234371d61299990 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / A necessidade de desenvolvimento de novos agentes antimicrobianos cresce ? medida que se torna maior a resist?ncia de microrganismos aos antibi?ticos usualmente empregados. Nesse sentido, os pept?deos antimicrobianos (PAMs) surgem como uma excelente alternativa para o desenvolvimento de novos antibi?ticos. O presente trabalho prop?s a s?ntese do pept?deo antimicrobiano LyeTx-I para estudos de mecanismo de a??o em membranas bacterianas, empregando diferentes t?cnicas biof?sicas e estruturais. O pept?deo LyeTx-I, composto por 24 res?duos de amino?cidos, foi isolado pela primeira vez do veneno de aracn?deos da esp?cie Lycosa erythrognata. Utilizando como t?cnicas principais a ITC e a RMN para obten??o de par?metros cin?ticos, termodin?micos e da intera??o pept?deo-membrana, foi poss?vel avaliar a rela??o estrutura e atividade do pept?deo LyeTx-I. Foram utilizadas ainda, t?cnicas complementares de CD, extravasamento de CF, fluoresc?ncia de Trp, DLS e, potencial zeta para obter informa??es adicionais acerca do modo de intera??o do pept?deo. Observou-se a predomin?ncia de conforma??o helicoidal do pept?deo LyeTx-I, tanto em meios biomim?ticos zwitteri?nicos, quanto em meios ani?nicos. Em meios ani?nicos, observou-se maior conte?do de ?-h?lice, bem como maior constante de intera??o, enquanto que em presen?a de ambientes zwitteri?nicas foram observadas menor helicidade e constante de intera??o. Os dados termodin?micos, obtidos para ambos os meios, mostraram que o processo de intera??o pept?deo-membrana ? dirigido principalmente pela componente entr?pica, uma vez que a componente ent?lpica ? menor. Os dados estruturais e termodin?micos foram coerentes com os demais estudos biof?sicos. Foi observada a partir da an?lise de extravasamento de CF maior capacidade de forma??o de poros no meio ani?nico. Os dados de fluoresc?ncia intr?nseca de Trp e de supress?o de fluoresc?ncia por acrilamida mostraram maior mudan?a de ambiente qu?mico para apolar, do res?duo de Trp-2, quando em presen?a de meio biomim?tico ani?nico. Dessa forma, o pept?deo apresenta maior capacidade de permeabilizar a membrana ani?nica. Al?m disso, o estudo comparativo entre os meios zwitteri?nicos e ani?nicos, permitiu verificar que, embora a intera??o eletrost?tica seja importante para a intera??o pept?deo-membrana, a permeabiliza??o do LyeTx-I na membrana fosfolip?dica ? fundamental para a lise celular. Dessa forma, este estudo mostra que o pept?deo LyeTx-I apresenta elevada prefer?ncia por intera??o com bicamadas fosfolip?dicas ani?nicas, o que faz dele um potencial agente bactericida. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Qu?mica, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2017. / The demand for the development of new antimicrobial agents increases in line with the resistance of microorganisms to the antibiotics usually employed. In this sense, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) appear as an alternative to the classical antibiotics. The present work proposed the synthesis of the antimicrobial peptide LyeTx-I for studies of mechanism of action in bacterial membranes using a set of biophysical and structural techniques. LyeTx-I peptide is composed of 24 amino acid residues and was isolated for the first time from the venom of the Lycosa erythrognata arachnid species. In order to evaluate the structure-activity relationship of the LyeTx-I, we have employed ITC and NMR as main techniques to obtain the kinetic, thermodynamic and structural parameters of the peptide-membrane interaction. Complementary measurements of CD, CF extravasation, Trp fluorescence, DLS and zeta potential were also used as additional information about the mode of action of the peptide. The ?-helical conformation of the LyeTx-I peptide was observed either in presence of zwitterionic and anionic biomimetic media. Nevertheless, a higher ?-helix content and interaction constant was observed for LyeTx-I in all anionic media when compared to the zwitterionic environments. The thermodynamic data gathered in both media, showed that the peptide-membrane interaction is driven mainly by the entropic contributions, since the enthalpic component is smaller. The structural and thermodynamic data were consistent with the complementary biophysical experiments. It was observed from the CF extravasation a greater capacity of pore formation in the anionic medium. Intrinsic Trp fluorescence showed also a greater change of the residue of Trp-2 to the apolar chemical environment in the presence of anionic biomimetic medium. In this way, the peptide presents a higher capacity to permeabilize the anionic membrane. In addition, the comparative study between the zwitterionic and anionic media, reveals that, although the electrostatic interaction is important to the peptide-membrane interaction, the permeabilization of the LyeTx-I peptide in the phospholipid membrane is fundamental for the cellular lysis. Finally, the study clearly shows the high preference of LyeTx-I for interacting anionic phospholipid bilayers, which makes it a potential bactericidal agent.

?rea de concentra??o: Qu?mica org?nica. / Submitted by Alexandre Soares (alexandredesoares@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-08-25T12:50:30Z No. of bitstreams: 1 eduardo_ferreira_coelho_junior.pdf: 3071757 bytes, checksum: e9deb6aa475b6a67aeab117cf2df4603 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2016-09-08T17:54:32Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 eduardo_ferreira_coelho_junior.pdf: 3071757 bytes, checksum: e9deb6aa475b6a67aeab117cf2df4603 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-08T17:54:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 eduardo_ferreira_coelho_junior.pdf: 3071757 bytes, checksum: e9deb6aa475b6a67aeab117cf2df4603 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / O presente trabalho prop?e a glicosila??o do pept?deo antimicrobiano HSP-1, composto por 14 res?duos de amino?cidos e isolado originalmente da esp?cie Hyla punctata (PRATES et al., 2004) empregando-se a s?ntese de pept?deos em fase s?lida associada a rea??o de cicloadi??o catalisada por cobre (SHARPLESS et al., 2002). Para isto, foi realizada a s?ntese do pept?deo HSP-1 propargilado ([PAG1]HSP-1) atrav?s da metodologia de s?ntese de pept?deo em fase s?lida (SPFS) via estrat?gia Fmoc. Ap?s a confirma??o da obten??o do [PAG1]HSP-1 por espectrometria de massa (MALDI-ToF), foi realizada a glicosila??o com as inser??es dos derivados azido acetilado de glicose e N-acetilglicosamina na presen?a de sulfato de cobre penta hidratado (CuSO4.5H2O) e de ascorbato de s?dio como agente redutor para obten??o dos glicopept?deo-triaz?is [Glc-trz-G14]HSP-1 e [GlcNAc-trz-G14]HSP-1. Os produtos das s?nteses foram purificados por cromatografia l?quida de alta efici?ncia de fase reversa (CLAE-FR) e tamb?m caracterizados por espectrometria de massa (MALDI-ToF), confirmando a forma??o regiosseletiva dos glicopept?deo-triaz?is sem produ??o de subprodutos da glicosila??o. Os estudos biol?gicos comparativos entre o pept?deo HSP-1 e de suas formas glicosiladas revelaram que as modifica??es qu?micas n?o alteraram significativamente a efic?cia do HSP-1 contra agentes bacterianos. Entretanto, os testes antif?ngicos demonstraram melhor atividade fungicida para os glicopept?deos quando comparado ao pept?deo HSP-1. Foram ainda realizados estudos conformacionais e de intera??o entre o pept?deo e os glicopept?deos com ves?culas fosfolip?dicas de car?ter zwitteri?nico (POPC) e ani?nico (POPC/POPG). Os estudos conformacionais empregando-se a t?cnica de Dicro?smo Circular (CD) revelaram menor teor de helicidade tanto em LUV?s de POPC quanto de POPC/POPG para os glicopept?deos em rela??o a HSP-1. Os estudos de intera??o foram realizados empregando-se as t?cnicas de espalhamento de luz din?mico (DLS), potencial zeta (?) e extravasamento de carboxifluoresce?na (CF). De uma maneira geral, verifica-se que a varia??o no di?metro hidrodin?mico (?Dh) para ves?culas ii zwitteri?nicas POPC e ani?nicas POPC/POPG ? maior para os glicopept?deos [Glc-trz-G14]HSP-1e [GlcNAc-trz-G14]HSP-1 em rela??o ao HSP-1. Por outro lado, a varia??o do potencial zeta tanto em ves?culas zwitteri?nicas quanto em ves?culas predominantemente negativas causada por HSP-1 foi maior em compara??o ao efeito causado pelas formas glicosiladas. E por fim, os resultados de extravasamento de carboxifluoresce?na induzida por cada esp?cie (HSP-1, [Glc-trz-G14]HSP-1 e [GlcNAc-trz-G14]HSP-1) mostrou que a capacidade l?tica dos glicopept?deos ? ligeiramente maior em ambos os meios biomim?ticos quando comparados com o pept?deo HSP-1. Assim sendo, este trabalho mostrou que a presen?a do anel triaz?lico pode ser respons?vel pela maior atividade antif?ngica dos glicopept?deos [Glc-trz-G14]HSP-1 e [GlcNAc-trz-G14]HSP-1 em rela??o ao pept?deo HSP-1. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Qu?mica, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2015. / ABSTRACT This work proposes the glycosylation of the antimicrobial peptide HSP-1, containing 14 amino acid residues and originally isolated from Hyla punctata species (PRATES et al., 2004) by solid phase peptides synthesis associated with cycloaddition reaction copper catalyzed (SHARPLESS et al., 2002). The synthesis of propargylated HSP-1 ([PAG1] HSP-1) was carried out by solid phase peptide synthesis using Fmoc strategy and characterized by mass spectrometry (MALDI-ToF). In order to obtain the glycopeptide triazoles [Glc-trz-G14]HSP-1 and [GlcNAc-trz-G14]HSP-1, azide derivatives acetylated glucose and N-acetylglucosamine were used in the presence of copper sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO4. 5H2O) and sodium ascorbate as a reducing agent. The products were purified by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) and characterized by mass spectrometry (MALDI-ToF), confirming the regioselective reaction without glycosylation secondary products. Comparative studies among HSP-1 peptide and their glycosylated forms don?t show significant changes in antibacterial assays. However, the antifungal tests have shown a significant increase in fungicidal activity for glycopeptides when compared to HSP-1 peptide. Furthermore, it were carried out conformational and interaction studies among the peptide and glycopeptides with zwitterionic (POPC) and anionic (POPC/POPG) phospholipid vesicles. The circular dichroism (CD) spectra have revealed lower helicity to glycopeptides relative HSP-1 in both zwitterionic and anionic LUV's. Interaction studies were performed employing the dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential and leakage carboxyfluorescein (CF) techniques. Summing up, the hydrodynamic diameter variation (?Dh) for zwitterionic and anionic vesicles is greater for glycopeptides [Glc-trz-G14]HSP-1 and [GlcNAc-trz-G14]HSP-1 when compared with HSP-1. On the other hand, the zeta potential variation in zwitterionic or negative vesicles caused by HSP-1 was higher compared to the effect caused by glycosylated forms. Finally, the results of carboxyfluorescein leakage induced by each species (HSP- iv 1 [Glc-trz-G14] HSP-1 and [GlcNAc-trz-G14] HSP-1) showed a higher lytic capacity of glycopeptides in both media in relation to the HSP-1 peptide. Thus, it showed that the presence of triazole rings may be responsible for the higher antifungal activity of derivatives [Glc-trz-G14] HSP-1 and [GlcNAc trz-G14] HSP-1.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T14:50:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 348257.pdf: 502199 bytes, checksum: 153dec6d7d64e7e505527b64b42f0540 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-06-29 / O receptor do pept?deo liberador de gastrina (GRPR) vem sendo relacionado a doen?as do sistema nervoso central, incluindo desordens do desenvolvimento neurol?gico associadas ao autismo. No presente estudo, analisamos os efeitos do bloqueio do GRPR duramte o per?odo neonatal em medidas comportamentais relevantes em modelos animais de desordens do desenvolvimento neurol?gico. Ratos Wistar machos receberam inje??es intraperitoneais (i.p) de salina (SAL) ou do antagonista do GRPR [D-Tpi6, Leu13 psi(CH2NH)-Leu14] bombesina (6-14) (RC-3095; 1 ou 10 mg/kg) duas vezes ao dia, do primeiro ao d?cimo dias de vida. Os animais tratados com RC-3095 demonstraram d?ficits pronunciados em intera??o social quando testados no per?odo de 30-35 dias de idade. Preju?zos na reten??o da mem?ria 24h ap?s o treino em ambas as tarefas; de reconhecimento do objeto novo (RON) e de esquiva inibit?ria, foram demonstrados quando os animais foram testados aos 60-71 dias de idade. O bloqueio neonatal do GRPR n?o afetou o comportamento em teste de mem?ria de curta dura??o, 1,5h ap?s o treino, tampouco o comportamento em campo aberto. As implica??es desses achados em modelos animais de desordens do desenvolvimento neurol?gico s?o discutidas.