Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Estudos clínicos têm mostrado que a decimentação do conjunto pino/restauração é o principal tipo de falha de dentes restaurados com pinos reforçados por fibra. A realização de testes laboratoriais que simulem condições clínicas é importante para verificar o comportamento de diferentes estratégias de cimentação a longo prazo. Dessa forma este estudo se propôs avaliar o efeito da ciclagem mecânica e de diferentes estratégias de cimentação na resistência de união entre pino de fibra e dentina intrarradicular. Oitenta dentes bovinos foram seccionados em 16 mm e preparados em 12 mm de comprimento com as brocas #3 do sistema de pinos White Post DC. Os espécimes foram alocados randomizadamente em oito grupos experimentais (n=10) de acordo com os fatores estratégias de cimentação e ciclagem mecânica: Gr 1- Scotch Bond Mutli-Uso Plus (SBMP) + RelyX ARC; Gr 2- SBMP + RelyX ARC+ Ciclagem mecânica; Gr 3-AdheSE + Multilink Automix; Gr 4- AdheSE + Multilink Automix + ciclagem mecânica; Gr 5- ácido fosfórico + RelyX U 100; Gr 6- ácido fosfórico + RelyX U 100 + ciclagem mecânica; Gr 7- RelyX U 100; Gr 8- RelyX U 100 + ciclagem mecânica. Os espécimes ciclados foram submetidos ao seguinte protocolo de ciclagem (2.000.000 de ciclos, 4 Hz, 45º, 88 N, ±37º C). Os espécimes não ciclados ficaram armazenados em ambiente úmido a ±37º C pelo mesmo período de tempo da ciclagem mecânica. Cada espécime foi seccionado perpendicularmente, produzindo 4 corpos de prova com espessura de 2 mm, os quais foram submetidos ao teste de push-out na máquina de ensaio universal. Todos os corpos de prova foram submetidos a análise de fratura após o teste. Os valores obtidos foram submetidos ao teste ANOVA-2 fatores e teste de Tukey (p<0.05). Os resultados mostraram que o fator ciclagem não influenciou os resultados (p=0.2634), mas o fator estratégia de cimentação afetou de os valores de resistência de união (p=0.000). O teste de Tukey mostrou que os grupos Gr 1, Gr 2, Gr 7 e Gr 8 apresentaram as maiores resistências adesivas. A maioria das falhas foi do tipo adesiva entre cimento e dentina. Conclui-se que: (1) a cimentação simplificada com o cimento resinoso auto-adesivo e a técnica com sistema adesivo de condicionamento ácido total de três passos mais cimento resinoso dual parecem ser as melhores opções para a cimentação de pinos reforçados por fibra; (2) o condicionamento ácido do conduto previamente a aplicação do cimento resinoso auto-adesivo não gera benefícios para a resistência de união do sistema; (3) 2.000.000 de ciclos não foram capazes de alteras os valores de resistência de união das estratégias testadas.

Push is an Internet technology, which allow people to subscribe to a content- or service provider that automatically update the subscriber?s computer or Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) with the latest information without having the subscriber to first request for new information. The Ericsson Mobile Positioning Center (MPC) is a gateway that provides geographical positions of mobile stations to various applications. This Master Thesis gives the reader an overview of these technologies and presents an alternative way in integrating a third part Push-solution with the MPC. The integration proposal is also evaluated against the current Push functionality that Ericsson has developed and integrated into the MPC. / Push är en Internetteknik som ger Internetanslutna användare möjlighet att abbonnera på automatisk nyhetsuppdatering från olika informationskällor direkt till deras dator utan att användaren behöver efterfråga densamma upprepade gånger. Ericsson Mobile Positioning Center (MPC) är en gateway vilken förser olika nyhetstjänster den geografiska positionen av en mobiltelefon. Denna Magisteruppsats ger en översikt inom båda dessa områden samt presenterar ett förslag på hur dessa tekniker kan integreras. Integrationsförslaget jämförs även med den lösning Ericsson själva har valt att implementera. / Stellan Boström Adress: Vendesgatan 1B Tel: 044-218793 / 0733-228105 E-mail: stellan_bostrom@hotmail.com

Thanks to the advancement of the modern computer simulation systems, many scientific applications generate, and require manipulation of large volumes of data. Scientific exploration substantially relies on effective and accurate data analysis. The shear size of the generated data, however, imposes big challenges in the process of analyzing the system. In this dissertation we propose novel techniques as well as using some known designs in a novel way in order to improve scientific data analysis. We develop an efficient method to compute an analytical query called spatial distance histogram (SDH). Special heuristics are exploited to process SDH efficiently and accurately. We further develop a mathematical model to analyze the mechanism leading to errors. This gives rise to a new approximate algorithm with improved time/accuracy tradeoff. Known MS analysis systems follow a pull-based design, where the executed queries mandate the data needed on their part. Such a design introduces redundant and high I/O traffic as well as cpu/data latency. To remedy such issues, we design and implement a push-based system, which uses a sequential scan-based I/O framework that pushes the loaded data to a number of pre-programmed queries. The efficiency of the proposed system as well as the approximate SDH algorithms is backed by the results of extensive experiments on MS generated data.

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Den svenska urbaniseringen har medfört att cirka hälften av kommunerna i Sverige krymper i befolkningsantal. Detta har inneburit utmaningar och svårigheter för de krympande kommunerna att hitta den kompetens som krävs för att kunna utföra de tjänster de är ålagda att erbjuda sina medborgare.Syftet med denna rapport var att undersöka varför medarbetare inom inlandskommun X väljer att påbörja, fortsätta och eventuella avsikter till att avsluta sin anställning. Genom att intervjua medarbetare inom bristyrken inom offentlig sektor framkom att arbetsmässiga faktorer såsom arbetsmiljö, arbetsbelastning och arbetssysslor i kombination med platsbundna faktorer såsom närhet till natur, jakt och friluftsliv bidrar till dessa intentioner.

Tai Chi Chuan, Tai Chi (TC) in short, is a popular form of Chinese martial arts which have been practised by millions of people and provides various health benefits, such as improving balance control, strengthening leg muscles, reducing fear of falling, enhancing flexibility and many more. The American Geriatrics Society and the British Geriatrics Society have recommended TC as a suitable exercise for preventing falls of older people. However, it is not clear which TC components are the most effective for balance improvement. In addition, it is also unknown what differences in biomechanics aspects are between non-TC participants and experienced TC practitioners. This thesis aims to provide new knowledge and understanding of the kinetics and kinematics characteristics of two most frequently presented TC foot movements: push-hand and Tai Chi gait (TCG), through a comparative experimental study on the ground reaction forces (GRFs) and plantar pressure distribution on both feet induced by TC and non-TC participants. Three hypotheses were proposed for facilitating this research. The characteristics of foot/leg movements in each of the simplified 24-form TC are investigated and each form is classified into one of four types. Two most frequently presented foot movements, push-hand and TCG foot movements, were identified, which are embedded in 18 of the 24 forms. This forms a basis for further biomechanics study. Ten male TC and ten male non-TC participants attended the experiments while performing push-hand, with and without an opponent, and TCG. The GRFs in the three perpendicular directions and plantar pressure distribution were measured simultaneously through using two force platforms and an insole system. A video recording system was also used to capture the movements of selected points on the subjects. The kinematics data were used to identify the critical positions that divide the leg stance phases of TCG.The characteristics of the foot forces during the two fundamental foot movements were examined and revealed. The differences and similarities on the GRFs and plantar pressure distribution generated by the two groups of participants were assessed and identified. The similarities show that the non-TC participants are able to achieve similar characteristics of foot forces as the TC participants do. The differences show that the TC participants have better control of their body movement, generating larger GRFs during push-hand and smaller GRFs during TCG in the two horizontal directions. These reflect the TC participants’ ability developed by practising TC for several years which cannot be achieved by the non-TC participants during the tests. It is also demonstrated that push-hand generates the lowest vertical foot forces among those generated by other possible human movements, such as TCG and walking.

Mobile commerce (m-commerce) has created the opportunity to transact anywhere, anytime, transcending barriers of space and time. However, this freedom has been found to be intrusive in the lives of mobile users, acting counterproductively to trust building and exacerbating the reluctance to adopt m-commerce. The research design was a quantitative study that pivoted around the concept of location-based services (LBS) for mobile users and was focused on understanding specific behaviours around usage and trust under pre-determined conditions of connecting (particular place, particular time), push and pull mechanisms, brand loyalty and social network recommendations. The study was conducted through an online questionnaire with a non-probability sample of 189 individuals. Factors including push and pull LBS mechanisms, brand loyalty and social network recommendations were found to exhibit significant influence on mobile users trust and propensity to transact in m-commerce. No empirical support was found between the connecting conditions with mobile users and adoption of m-commerce, eliciting future research in this area. These results contribute to the body of research regarding mobile commerce by extending the existing understanding of its use through application with push and pull location-based services. / Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS) / unrestricted

Magister Chirurgiae Dentium - MChD / The aim of the study was to determine which of the three resin cements would produce the highest debond stress values with a double-tapered fibre post system. In the past, conventional parallel- sided prefabricated or cast metal posts have been used, which has considerable mechanical strength but lacks aesthetic capabilities. Post preparation techniques usually compromise the fracture strength of the treated anterior tooth. Double- tapered post systems ensure that anterior mutilated teeth can be restored and retained without compromising aesthetics or excessively weakening the remaining dental tissues. There are in-vitro results that support the strength of the double- tapered design, as well as the aesthetics of the material but there is little evidence regarding the retentive capabilities of the posts and which cement will ensure the best results (Grandini et al., 2008; Nakamura et al., 2005). Literature suggests that the two main causes for failure of a post system are root fracture and debonding of the post in the root canal (Toman et al., 2009; Radovic et al., 2008). The type of cement and cementation technique will have a significant influence on the treatment success of post and core restorations. This study compared the debond stresses required to remove a double- tapered post system from a prepared post space with 3 different cements to assess which cement will be most resistant to the post debonding.

Sweden’s population is growing and has been growing a lot since the year 2000. This growth is expected to continue. Although Sweden´s population is increasing, this is not the case for all municipalities. Some rural municipalities are decreasing in population, like the four Torne valley municipalities. These four municipalities are Kiruna, Haparanda, Pajala and Övertorneå. This study is quantitative and is based on population statistics from the database SCB. The aim of this study is to examine how the population has changed in volume and composition during the years 2010 to 2019 in the four Torne valley municipalities in Sweden. This study is also going to discuss the possible reasons behind the population change and relate it to theories and other studies. The results show that all the Torne valley municipalities had a negative population growth in the last ten years. The age and gender share has also changed. The results also show that the gender balance in the different age groups are unbalanced, for example there are more women than men aged 75 years or older. Over the past ten years the amount of people aged 65 or above has increased, meanwhile the amount of working-age people has decreased. This has led to a higher dependency ratio for all municipalities. Furthermore, the results show that the international migration has been important for all municipalities, without the international migrants all municipalities would have a larger decrease of population.

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