La presente investigación tiene como objetivo analizar la relación entre la resiliencia, estrés laboral y compromiso laboral en enfermeras oncológicas en una muestra de 69 enfermeras oncológicas de 2 centros de salud de Perú. Para tal fin, se hizo uso de la Escala de Resiliencia CD-RISC, el Inventario de Estrés para Profesionales de la Salud (IEPS, la Escala UWES-9 y una ficha de datos. También, se determinó el nivel de resiliencia, estrés laboral y compromiso laboral de las participantes y se exploraron las diferencias en las puntuaciones de resiliencia, estrés laboral y compromiso laboral de las enfermeras oncológicas de acuerdo con sus variables sociodemográficas (edad, estado civil, años laborando en la institución, etc.). Los resultados mostraron una correlación positiva entre el compromiso laboral y resiliencia, así como una correlación negativa entre el compromiso laboral y el estrés laboral. / This research aims to analyze the relationship between resilience, work stress and work commitment in cancer nurses in a sample of 69 oncological nurses from 2 health centers in Peru. To this end, the CD-RISC Resilience Scale, the Stress Inventory for Health Professionals (IEPS, the UWES-9 Scale and a data sheet were used. Also, the level of resilience, work stress and work commitment of the participants was determined and the differences in the scores of resilience, work stress and work commitment of the cancer nurses were explored according to their sociodemographic variables (age, marital status, years working in the institution, etc.). The results showed a positive correlation between work commitment and resilience, as well as a negative correlation between work commitment and work stress.

La pandemia suscitada por el coronavirus ha generado consecuencias en las condiciones laborales de los colaboradores, lo cual se ha podido evidenciar en problemáticas como el estrés laboral y el síndrome de burnout. Por este motivo, la presente investigación tuvo como principal objetivo conocer la vivencia de suboficiales peruanos respecto a los niveles de estrés laboral generados a partir de las condiciones de trabajo en el contexto de pandemia. Para ello, se usó una entrevista semiestructurada individual en 12 miembros de la Policía Nacional del Perú. Para el análisis de la información, se empleó la técnica de análisis temático. Los resultados evidenciaron que la mayoría de las condicionales laborales de los policías y las características de su institución han generado altos niveles de estrés laboral; en algunos casos, han generado el desarrollo del burnout. Esta situación se ve potenciada por algunas características sociodemográficas de los participantes. A partir de los hallazgos, se destaca la importancia de visibilizar el estado de salud mental de los policías, considerando que, antes de la pandemia, ya presentan bajos niveles de salud mental. / The pandemic caused by the coronavirus has generated consequences in the working conditions of employees, which has been evidenced in problems such as work stress and burnout syndrome. For this reason, the present investigation had as its main objective to know the experience of peruvian police officers regarding the levels of work stress generated from working conditions in the context of a pandemic. For this, an individual semi-structured interview was used with 12 members of the National Police of Peru. For the analysis of the information, the thematic analysis technique was used. The results showed that most of the labor conditions of the police and the characteristics of their institution have generated high levels of work stress; in some cases, they have generated the development of burnout. This situation is enhanced by some sociodemographic characteristics of the participants. Based on the findings, the importance of making visible the state of mental health of police officers is highlighted, considering that, before the pandemic, they already have low levels of mental health.

Durante la COVID-19 las clases fueron virtuales para evitar los contagios, ahora han retornado a la presencialidad, pero este cambio ha generado en los estudiantes diversas experiencias tanto positivas como negativas que deben ser investigadas. Objetivo: describir, analizar y comprender las experiencias ante el retorno a la presencialidad en estudiantes de enfermería del II ciclo de una universidad en Chiclayo, 2022. Método: Investigación cualitativa, con una metodología descriptiva exploratoria, en una muestra de 12 estudiantes del II ciclo de la Escuela de Enfermería de la USAT, determinada por saturación y redundancia, el muestreo fue no probabilístico por conveniencia. Para la recolección de datos se utilizó una guía de entrevista semiestructurada, validada por juicios de expertos y ejecutada después de la aprobación por e Comité de Ética en Investigación de la Facultad de Medicina, y se utilizó los criterios éticos de Sgreccia. Para el procesamiento de datos se utilizó la técnica de análisis de contenido. Los resultados fueron representados por tres categorías: a) Experiencias en el desarrollo de las clases teóricas-prácticas y la relación con el docente y compañeros en el retorno a la presencialidad, b) Cambios experimentados en las evaluaciones ante el retorno a la presencialidad. c) Adaptación y reorganización del tiempo para cumplimiento de horarios, actividades académicas, cuidado personal y disminución el estrés. Conclusión: Las experiencias vividas por los estudiantes del II ciclo presentaron grandes retos en cada proceso que vivieron, existiendo diferentes ventajas y desventajas experimentadas ante el retorno a la presencialidad. / During COVID-19, classes were virtual to avoid contagion, now they have returned to face-toface, But this change has generated various positive and negative experiences in students that must Be investigated. Objective: to describe, analyze and understand the experiences before the return to face-to-face Nursing students of the second cycle of a university in Chiclayo, 2022. Method: Qualitative research, with a descriptive exploratory methodology, in a sample of 12 students of the second cycle from the USAT School of Nursing, determined by saturation and redundancy, the sampling was non-probabilistic for convenience. For data collection, a semistructured interview guide was used, validated by expert judgments and executed after approval by the Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine, and the ethical criteria of Sgreccia were used. For data processing, the content analysis technique was used. The results were represented by three categories: a) Experiences in the development of theoretical-practical classes and the relationship with the teacher and classmates in the return to face-to-face, b) Changes experienced in the evaluations before the return to face-to-face. c) Adaptation and reorganization of time to comply with schedules, academic activities, personal care and stress reduction. Conclusion: The experiences lived by the students of the II cycle presented great challenges in each process they experienced, with different advantages and disadvantages experienced when returning to face-to-face.

La educación emocional se ha convertido en un aspecto importante durante el tiempo de pandemia que involucra el estado emocional de las personas y más de los niños, sumado a ello el rol que emplea el docente ante esta circunstancia. De esta forma, mi investigación tiene como visión general analizar las percepciones de los docentes de nivel primaria sobre su rol en la educación emocional de los estudiantes de una IEP durante la pandemia de la COVID 19; mientras que los objetivos específicos son: (i) Identificar los fundamentos teóricos y metodológicos del docente acerca de la educación emocional en estudiantes del nivel primaria , (ii) Describir la percepción de los docentes sobre su rol en la educación emocional en el contexto de la pandemia de la COVID 19. El tema elegido es de suma importancia y relevante porque el rol docente es primordial en el proceso de la educación emocional de los niños dentro de la escuela. Por consiguiente, el enfoque es cualitativo y se utiliza como técnica el focus group. Finalmente, se espera que los docentes entrevistados identifiquen sobre su rol como docentes, así como la importancia sobre la educación emocional en sus estudiantes, con el objetivo de que la función como docente educador no solo es cognitivo, sino que también influye lo emocional y más actualmente en una educación durante la pandemia de la COVID 19. / Emotional education has become an important aspect during the time of the pandemic that involves the emotional state of people and more of children, added to this the role that the teacher uses in this circumstance.In this way, my research has as a general vision to analyze the perceptions of primary level teachers about their role in the emotional education of students in an IEP during the COVID 19 pandemic; while the specific objectives are: (i) To identify the theoretical and methodological foundations of the teacher about emotional education in primary school students, (ii) To describe the teachers' perception of their role in emotional education in the context of COVID 19 pandemic. The chosen topic is of the utmost importance and relevant because the teaching role is paramount in the process of emotional education of children within the school. Therefore, the approach is qualitative and the focus group is used as a technique. Finally, the teachers interviewed are expected to identify their role as teachers, as well as the importance of emotional education in their students, with the aim that the function as a teacher educator is not only cognitive, but also influences the emotional and more currently in an education during the COVID 19 pandemic.

[pt] Esta pesquisa tem como tema o corpo como espaço de memória ancestral, com a proposta de intervir em suas representações, por meio da criação das Bonecas Ahosis, a partir das vivências oportunizadas às artesãs do Instituto Onikoja, na Oficina de Movimento Corporal, relacionadas ao maculelê, samba de roda, congado e samba. Como metodologia, notadamente, a pesquisa-ação propôs a experimentação de movimentos corporais associados às manifestações culturais então elencadas, a fim de promover a ampliação dos repertórios motores das artesãs envolvidas, na perspectiva de favorecer a criação de bonecas com novas posturas que remetesse à memória ancestral de matriz africana. Ainda que impactado pelo isolamento social imposto pela pandemia de Covid- 19, o desenvolvimento desta metodologia tornou-se possível com a realização de encontros remotos, bem como com a possibilidade de parceria com o Laboratório DHIS, em que se destacam as atividades promovidas pelo Museu da Pessoa no projeto de pesquisa e extensão com o MOTIRÔ, tendo sido os festejos fundamentais para a construção do presente estudo, dada sua função, seus ofícios e sua dimensão coletiva. / [en] This research has as its theme the body as a space of ancestral memory, with the proposal to intervene in its representations, through the creation of the Ahosis Dolls, based on the experiences offered to the artisans of the Onikojá Institute, in the Corporal Movement Workshop, related to maculelê, samba de roda, congado and samba. As a methodology, notably, action research proposed the experimentation of body movements associated with the cultural manifestations then listed, in order to promote the expansion of the motor repertoires of the artisans involved, in the perspective of favoring the creation of dolls with new postures that refer to the memory ancestor of African origin. Although impacted by the social isolation imposed by the Covid-19 pandemic, the development of this methodology became possible with the holding of remote meetings, as well as with the possibility of partnership with the DHIS Laboratory, in which the activities promoted by the Museum stand out. da Pessoa in the research and extension project with MOTIRÔ, having been the fundamental celebrations for the construction of the present study, given its function, its crafts and its collective dimension.

[pt] Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar os rebatimentos da pandemia de Covid-19 do novo coronavírus nas medidas de reintegração familiar de crianças e adolescentes acolhidos em unidades de acolhimento institucional do estado do Rio de Janeiro. Durante o período caracterizado como de pandemia foram aprovadas algumas medidas de incentivo à agilização do desligamento dos acolhidos por meio de recomendações e notas técnicas. Esta prática pode resultar em reintegrações malsucedidas, visto a realização de acompanhamento das crianças, dos adolescentes e de suas famílias de maneira virtual ou, quando presencial, com a frequência reduzida. Esta dissertação tem como foco uma discussão sobre a reintegração familiar em tempos de pandemia, considerando antigos e novos desafios. A metodologia de pesquisa incluiu um levantamento sistemático da produção acadêmica sobre acolhimento institucional, reintegração familiar e os rebatimentos da pandemia do novo coronavírus; entrevistas com técnicos de 4 instituições de acolhimento em 3 regiões do estado do Rio de Janeiro e consulta a uma pesquisadora/especialista no assunto. Conclui-se que a pandemia desvelou diversos desafios às instituições de acolhimento como um todo, modificando a rotina institucional e exigindo adaptações à nova realidade, tanto por parte dos técnicos como dos acolhidos. Contudo, estes desafios não foram os mesmos em todas as instituições pesquisadas e à medida de reintegração familiar na pandemia foram atribuídos significados distintos de acordo com as características da instituição e com a metodologia de trabalho da equipe técnica. / [en] This study aims to analyze the consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic on methods for the reintegration of families of children and adolescents in institutions in the state of Rio de Janeiro. During the period of the pandemic various methods for incentivizing the deinstitutionalization of the young people were approved by various recommendations and technical notes. This effort could result in unsuccessful reintegration given the reliance on virtual meetings or, if in person, with a reduced frequency. This dissertation focuses on family reintegration in the time of a pandemic considering old and new challenges. The methods include a systematic review of the academic literature about family unification and the consequences of the new Covid19 pandemic; interviews with staff in four residential institutions in three regions of the state of Rio de Janeiro and a consultation with a researcher/specialist in the area. I concluded that the pandemic created various challenges for the institutions such as changing the institutional routines and demanding adaptations to the new realities on the part of both the staff and young people. However, the challenges were not the same in all the institutions studied and ways of reintegrating families were quite different depending on the characteristics of individual institutions and on the methods of the staff.

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo general analizar cómo los factores macroeconómicos en el contexto pre y post covid-19 en los ratios financieros de las empresas del sector textil supervisadas por la SMV y su importancia radica en que este sector tiene gran presencia en el mercado peruano y genera un volumen de trabajo importante a lo largo del territorio. Con la llegada de la Covid-19 se paralizaron las actividades en todo el país, generando que diversas empresas incurran en grandes préstamos para poder salvar sus negocios o en el peor de los casos, lleguen a cerrarlos por la falta de recursos para poder cumplir con sus obligaciones. En ese sentido, es relevante contar con información que muestre el impacto que se ha generado a nivel de liquidez y solvencia, para que en base a ello se busquen soluciones rápidas y eficientes. Asimismo, la investigación es aplicada con un enfoque cuantitativo de tipo no experimental y el método utilizado es el diseño correlacional transeccional. La muestra seleccionada para ser analizada está compuesta por dos empresas: Creditex S.A.A. y Michell y Cía S.A. Los resultados para el período 2013-2021 muestran que existe influencia significativa de los factores macroeconómicos en los ratios financieros de las empresas analizadas, específicamente en la liquidez y solvencia. Respecto a los factores macroeconómicos como el PBI e inflación, estos impactaron negativamente en el sector textil peruano debido a las restricciones del Estado por el contexto de confinamiento, pero las empresas innovaron y aumentaron sus ventas mejorando la competitividad mediante plataformas tecnológicas. Los indicadores financieros de compañías como Creditex y Michell y Cía mostraron resiliencia pre y post crisis, adaptando estrategias exitosas pese a las dificultades. / The present research aims to analyze how macroeconomic factors in the pre and post-COVID-19 context affect the financial ratios of textile sector companies supervised by the SMV, highlighting its significance due to the sector's substantial market presence in Peru and its generation of significant employment across the country. With the advent of COVID-19, activities were halted nationwide, leading many companies to incur large loans to save their businesses or, in the worst case, shut them down due to a lack of resources to meet their obligations. Therefore, it is relevant to have information that shows the impact on liquidity and solvency, to seek rapid and efficient solutions based on this. Additionally, the research adopts a quantitative, non-experimental approach using a cross-sectional correlational design. The selected sample for analysis consists of two companies: Creditex S.A.A. and Michell & Cía S.A. The results for the period 2013-2021 indicate a significant influence of macroeconomic factors on the financial ratios of the analyzed companies, specifically liquidity and solvency. Regarding macroeconomic factors such as GDP and inflation, these negatively impacted the Peruvian textile sector due to state restrictions during the confinement context, but companies innovated and increased their sales by improving competitiveness through technological platforms. Financial indicators of companies like Creditex and Michell & Cía showed resilience pre and post-crisis, adapting successful strategies despite difficulties.

Se analizó el ciberactivismo político de los fandoms K-Pop peruanos en Twitter durante las protestas de noviembre de 2020 mediante la etnografía digital para estudiar las prácticas ciberactivistas y los discursos producidos en la plataforma. Las prácticas ciberactivistas se caracterizaron por cuatro temas principales: las causas de las protestas, la asistencia a los manifestantes frente a la represión, las formas de organización de los manifestantes y la visibilización de los hechos que los grandes medios de comunicación tergiversaron. También se identificaron seis motivos principales para la realización del ciberactivismo, incluyendo la defensa de la democracia y la patria, la necesidad de cambio debido a las emociones negativas, la percepción de injusticia hacia la vacancia de Vizcarra, el uso de las redes sociales para difundir las marchas, la respuesta a los ataques desproporcionados de la policía y la afinidad de los valores de los fandoms K-pop con los de las marchas. Los discursos producidos variaron según los sucesos diarios. Comenzando por oponerse a la vacancia de Vizcarra y la posible presidencia de Merino de Lama, transformándose en una protesta contra la PNP considerada traidora y corrupta, y culminando con el señalamiento de Manuel Merino y sus aliados como los responsables de las muertes y heridos en las manifestaciones. Finalmente, se advierte que tanto las prácticas, discursos de los fandoms de K-pop y contexto se encuentran interrelacionados. Se encontraron vínculos entre las prácticas y los discursos, entre los resultados y el marco teórico, y vínculos entre el contexto y discurso.

La situación problemática por la que actualmente atravesamos a causa de la pandemia producida por el virus de la Covid-19 afectó la economía peruana, por lo que el sector financiero tuvo gran impacto en los créditos proporcionados a los clientes, por ende, se cree conveniente plantear una solución. Considerando que, la Superintendencia de Banca y Seguros emite resoluciones para la cancelación a través de las Reprogramación de Créditos, concediendo facilidades a los clientes, no obstante, ocasionó un desarreglo en los ingresos de las entidades financieras. En este caso, Edpyme Alternativa será el objeto de análisis para dar respuesta a la siguiente interrogante: ¿De qué manera la reprogramación de créditos constituye contingencia tributaria para Edpyme Alternativa? En relación al objetivo, la presente investigación busca determinar si las reprogramaciones de créditos anteriormente mencionadas, originan contingencias tributarias a causa de los ingresos revertidos como diferidos, ya que estos son registrados al momento de pago, por lo tanto, conllevan a un análisis reglamentado y explícito. Cabe recalcar que, para este análisis se tendrán en cuenta las operaciones de créditos por reprogramación, asimismo, la muestra utilizada fue cotizada por la Superintendencia de Banca y Seguros. Para finalizar, se elaboraron las conclusiones considerando los objetivos planteados, para posteriormente proponer recomendaciones a fin de mejorar las declaraciones del Impuesto a la Renta. / The problematic situation that we are currently going through due to the pandemic caused by the Covid-19 virus affected the Peruvian economy, so the financial sector had a great impact on the credits provided to customers, therefore, it is considered convenient to propose a solution. Considering that, the Superintendency of Banking and Insurance issues resolutions for cancellation through credit rescheduling, granting facilities to customers, however, it caused a disruption in the income of financial institutions. In this case, Edpyme Alternativa will be the object of analysis to answer the following question: How does the rescheduling of credits constitute a tax contingency for Edpyme Alternativa? In relation to the objective, the present investigation seeks to determine if the rescheduling of credits mentioned above, originate tax contingencies due to the income reverted as deferred, since these are registered at the time of payment, therefore, they lead to a regulated and explicit analysis. It should be noted that, for this analysis, credit operations by reprogramming will be taken into account, and the sample used was quoted by the Superintendency of Banking and Insurance. Finally, the conclusions were drawn up considering the objectives set, to subsequently propose recommendations in order to improve the Income Tax returns.

[pt] Esta tese tem como objetivo compreender a percepção de professoras da Educação Infantil sobre as experiências educativas vivenciadas ao longo dos anos 2020, 2021 e 2022, período marcado pelos efeitos da pandemia da Covid-19 em território brasileiro. O fechamento das escolas foi uma das medidas adotadas para conter a propagação do vírus, o que demandou a criação de novas estratégias educativas para garantir o direito à educação das crianças. Diante desse contexto desafiador, o papel do professor se tornou ainda mais complexo, especialmente no que diz respeito à educação de crianças pequenas em nossa cidade. Este estudo busca aprofundar a compreensão das ações educativas desenvolvidas durante a pandemia pelas professoras da Educação Infantil participantes da pesquisa, abrangendo tanto os momentos de ensino remoto quanto o retorno presencial às escolas. Para tanto, buscou-se subsídios na revisão de literatura sobre o tema Educação Infantil e pandemia, bem como em estudos que abordam o fazer docente e a infância. Os recursos metodológicos utilizados foram: (i) entrevistas semiestruturadas com 10 professoras de Educação Infantil que atuam na cidade do Rio de Janeiro em diferentes redes de ensino, com o intuito de compreender as percepções e significados atribuídos pelas participantes da pesquisa acerca da atuação docente e experiências educativas desenvolvidas durante a pandemia; (ii) análise dos dados coletados por meio do método de Análise Temática, em diálogo com a literatura produzida sobre o tema e conhecimentos do campo da Infância. Os resultados revelaram que as professoras reinventaram suas práticas educativas e buscaram estratégias para manter o vínculo com as crianças e suas famílias durante o ensino remoto. O apoio das equipes gestoras e de outros(as) professores(as) foi destacado como fundamental nesse processo. Apesar dos desafios impostos pela pandemia, as professoras consideram esse período como uma oportunidade de aproximação com os responsáveis, embora algumas famílias tenham enfrentado dificuldades para acessar propostas pedagógicas devido à falta de tempo e/ou recursos tecnológicos. O retorno presencial às escolas também foi apontado como desafiador, devido à implementação de protocolos sanitários difíceis de serem aplicados com a faixa etária da Educação Infantil. Assim, as narrativas das professoras contribuíram para uma compreensão mais ampla de diferentes aspectos do contexto pandêmico na Educação Infantil. / [en] This thesis aims to understand the perception of Early Childhood Education teachers regarding the educational experiences throughout the years 2020, 2021, and 2022, a period marked by the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic in Brazilian territory. The closure of schools was one of the measures adopted to contain the spread of the virus, necessitating the creation of new educational strategies to ensure children s right to education. In this challenging context, the role of the teacher became even more complex, especially concerning the education of young children in our city. This study seeks to deepen the understanding of the educational actions developed during the pandemic by the participating Early Childhood Education teachers, encompassing both remote teaching moments and the return to in-person schooling. To achieve this, we drew on literature review on the theme Early Childhood Education and pandemic, as well as studies addressing teaching practices and childhood. The methodological resources utilized were: (i) semi-structured interviews with 10 Early Childhood Education teachers working in the city of Rio de Janeiro across different educational networks, aiming to comprehend the perceptions and meanings attributed by the research participants to teaching practices and educational experiences during the pandemic; (ii) analysis of collected data through the Thematic Analysis method, in dialogue with the literature produced on the subject and knowledge from the field of Childhood. The findings revealed that teachers reinvented their educational practices and sought strategies to maintain the connection with children and their families during remote learning. The support of management teams and other teachers was highlighted as crucial in this process. Despite the challenges posed by the pandemic, teachers consider this period as an opportunity for closer engagement with parents, although some families faced difficulties in accessing pedagogical proposals due to time constraints and/or technological resources. The return to in-person schooling was also noted as challenging, given the implementation of sanitary protocols difficult to apply to Early Childhood Education age group. Thus, teachers narratives contributed to a broader understanding of various aspects of the pandemic context in Early Childhood Education.