Against the backdrop of the historical failure of official development assistance to alleviate poverty in the Third World, this thesis examines the current approach of Western aid donors toward development. The thesis asks whether aid policy processes indicate a willingness, or capacity, on the part of official donors to more fully engage with the causal complexity of development, and so potentially improve development outcomes. Considering the case study of the Australian bilateral aid program to Papua New Guinea from both top-down and bottom-up policy perspectives, the thesis concludes that, in relation to Australia, there are significant structural and institutional impediments to change. The Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, and its interpretation of national interest, dominate high-level aid policy-making, even though the objectives of foreign policy and those of foreign aid differ. Australia's official development agency, AusAID, is limited in its capacity to legitimately challenge this dominance, not least because its use of contracted-out projects restrict its corporate knowledge and its ability to influence policy agendas and networks. Overcoming this impasse requires creative management on the part of senior public servants and non-governmental members of the aid policy community alike.

Thesis (M. Sc.) (Hons) -- University of Western Sydney, 2003. / "A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science (Hons.), University of Western Sydney, Australia, Water Research Laboratory, Centre for Water & Environmental Technology." Includes bibliography : leaves 168 - 183 and appendices.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Wollongong, 2005. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references: leaf 361-392.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Michigan State University. Dept. of Anthropology, 1989. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 196-211).

After the Cold War, mediation as an armed conflict resolution process was thought to become an increasingly common tool to address even the most complex armed conflicts. Recurring conflicts especially should be the focus of mediation. However, with regards to armed conflicts that reoccur, there is a gap in the research of mediation in relation to the rounds of violence. This thesis argues that the more rounds of violence a recurring armed conflict experiences the less likely it will experience mediation. To examine the relationship between the rounds of violence of a recurring armed conflict and mediation onset, this thesis employed Structured Focused Comparison (SFC) to compare two recurring armed conflicts. One with a low mediation occurrence (West Papua) and one high mediation occurrence (Aceh). While the case comparison provides limited support for the hypothesized relationship between rounds of violence and mediation, the results instead may provide support that recurring armed conflicts are not increasingly resistant to mediation the more rounds of violence they experience.

Sovereignty and self-determination are two principles accepted by UN in the UN Charter and resolutions. The aim of this thesis is to analyze the tensions between sovereignty and self-determination principles in the UN and to increase understanding of how these tensions might have led to ambiguity in UN policy toward the West Papua case. The thesis identifies that there are tensions between those two principles in the UN resolutions. The tensions cause ambiguity in the UN when they are involving in self-determination cases outside the classical colonial context. The argument will be strengthened by conducting a single case study analysis on West Papua self-determination claim. As one of the self-determination claims outside the classical colonial context, the UN role when being involved in the case is argued to be lack of response and ambiguous. It concludes that the ambiguity of the UN when involved in the West Papua self-determination claim is resulted from the tensions between sovereignty and self-determination principles in the UN resolutions.

No description available.

Submitted by William Justo Figueiro (williamjf) on 2015-08-11T21:04:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 13e.pdf: 3156102 bytes, checksum: da00a19d9782f6ac017289a5d272ac1f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-08-11T21:04:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 13e.pdf: 3156102 bytes, checksum: da00a19d9782f6ac017289a5d272ac1f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / CNPQ – Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / INCT-APA - Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Antártico de Pesquisas Ambientais / PROANTAR - Programa Antártico Brasileiro / SECIRM - Secretaria Interministerial para os Recursos do Mar / MMA - Ministério do meio Ambiente / INCT-APA - Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Antártico de Pesquisas Ambientais / UNISINOS - Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos / O nicho realizado de duas espécies precisa ser diferente, para que estas espécies possam coexistir de maneira estável. Pygoscelis papua e P. antarcticus reproduzem simpatricamente na Ilha Elefante, Antártica. Foram coletadas amostras de conteúdo estomacal e realizado biometria das duas espécies para analisar a dieta e a sobreposição de nicho. Um total de 56 amostras de P. papua e 71 amostras de P. antarcticus foram coletadas durante dois períodos de reprodução austral, 2010/11 e 2011/12, na região de Stinker Point. A proporção de itens variou entre as espécies de pinguins e entre os táxons representados. E. superba foi a presa de maior abundância comparado com outros itens alimentares, com aproximadamente 69% FO para P. papua e 98% FO para P. antarcticus. Foram encontradas nove espécies de peixe, seis espécies de crustáceos e uma espécie de cefalópode, identificados a nível específico. Existe uma diferença significativa entre os fatores, espécie de pinguim, tamanho da carapaça e sexo de krill antártico, quando comparados entre si. Além disso, a biometria indica que o comprimento do bico e peso de P. papua são maiores que em P. antarcticus, da mesma forma que o bico é mais alto e mais largo em P. antarcticus. Tais diferenças morfológicas podem explicar as diferenças no forrageio. Foi observada uma sobreposição de nicho trófico entre as espécies, pela utilização dos mesmos recursos, uma vez que estas espécies ocorrem simpatricamente na mesma região. Este estudo demonstra que a variação específica do nicho trófico ocupado pelas espécies pode ser definida pelo comportamento de forrageio e pela seleção dos recursos alimentares de cada espécie. É importante a recomendação destas espécies como indicadores de qualidade ambiental, adicionando questões como a variabilidade local, pois o nicho trófico pode alterar ao longo do tempo. / The two species realized niche needs to be different, since these species can coexist stably. Pygoscelis papua and P. antarcticus breed simpatricaly on Elephant Island, Antarctica. Stomach content samples were collected and biometrics of both species was measured in order to analyze the diet and the niche overlap. A total of 56 P. papua samples and 71 P. antarcticuss samples were collected, during the two austral breeding seasons, 2010/11 and 2011/12, on the Stinker Point region. The proportion of items ranged from the penguin species and among the taxa represented. E. superba was the most abundant prey compared with other food items, with approximately 69% FO for P. papua, and 98% FO for P. antarcticus. We found nine species of fish, six species of crustaceans and one species of cephalopod, identified by the specific level. There is a significant difference between the factors, species of penguin, carapace length and sex of antarctic krill, when compared with each other. In addition, the biometrics indicates that length of P. papua’s beak and weight are larger than P. antarcticus, but P. antarcticus has the highest and widest beak measures. Such morphological differences may explain differences in foraging. We observed a niche overlap of species, by the use of the same food resources, once these species occurs simpatricaly in the same region. This study also demonstrated that the specific variation of trophic niches occupied by the species may be defined by the foraging behavior and by the selection of the food resources. It is important the recommendation of these species as indicators of environmental quality, adding issues such as local variability since the trophic niche may change over the time.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T19:20:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luciney Paulino Flora.pdf: 3413404 bytes, checksum: ad2bedd7e4cef99fdb705eedd8696b30 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-05-21 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The present dissertation accomplished a study about the emerging of the Cargo Cults in the dynamic of encounters and conflicts in Melanesia and Papua New Guinea s intercultural and colonial context. Its main aim was: 1) to analyse the colonization process and its impact on Melanesia and Papua New Guinea s society, culture and religions, emphasising the missionary actions, e 2) to make an approximation and reading of the Cargo Cults development through the historic relations that follows the encounter between occidental culture and traditional cultures . As methodological resource it conjugated the concepts of cultural negotiation , cultural translation , transculturality , cultural appropriation and syncretism , making a reading witch try to surpass the old binary s approaches of reflections that looked at the Western and Traditional societies as closed totalities. From the interpretation process of the research s composition, it was concluded that the colonial circumstance and the missionaries presence brought about a new reality, of conflict and constant cultural negotiation. Cargo Cults were seen as expression of that new reality. The research showed that in this cultural negotiation process there are losses, but also earnings to both sides / Esta dissertação realizou um estudo sobre o surgimento dos Cultos a Carga na dinâmica dos encontros e conflitos no contexto intercultural e colonial da Melanésia e Papua Nova Guiné. Seus objetivos foram: 1) analisar o processo colonizatório e seu impacto sobre a sociedade, cultura e religiões da Melanésia e Papua Nova Guiné, enfatizando o efeito da ação missionária e 2) fazer uma aproximação e leitura do desenvolvimento dos Cultos a Carga a partir das relações históricas que se sucedem ao encontro entre a cultura ocidental e as culturas tradicionais . Como recurso metodológico, conjugou conceitos como negociação cultural , tradução cultural , transculturalidade , apropriação cultural e sincretismo , realizando uma leitura que visou superar posturas binárias de reflexão, que veem a sociedade ocidental e as sociedades tradicionais como totalidades fechadas . Com o processo de interpretação na composição da pesquisa, concluiu-se que a situação colonial e a presença missionária instalou uma nova realidade de conflito e constante negociação cultural . Os Cultos a Carga foram vistos como expressões desta nova realidade. A pesquisa mostrou que nesse processo de negociação cultural existem perdas, mas também existem ganhos para ambos os lados

Cette thèse analyse la manière dont les relations de paternité, de fraternité, de conjugalité, de genre et d'altérité qui construisent l'univers de vie des Fasu de Haivaro (un village situé dans les basses-terres au nord-ouest de la Province du Golfe, en Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée) ont été - et sont toujours - renégociées et reconfigurées dans le contexte de leur engagement avec de multiples expressions de la modernité, et plus particulièrement avec une compagnie forestière implantée sur leur territoire. Cette recherche montre comment ces transformations entrainent un processus d'incarnation, de désincarnation et de réincarnation de ces relations. / This thesis analyses ways in which the relationships of fatherhood, brotherhood, conjugality, gender and otherness that build the lifeworld of Fasu people of Haivaro (in the northwestern lowlands of Gulf Province, Papua New Guinea) have been and continue to be renegotiated and reconfigured in the context of their engagement with multiple expressions of modernity, in particular with a logging company operating on their land. I show how these transformations entail processes of embodiment, disembodiment and re-embodiment of those relations.