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This study was done to examine prospective adoptive parents' perceptions of one particular group of special needs children waiting for adoption: those children with developmental disabilities. The results will give social workers information that will help provide training and informational meetings to prosepctive parents in regard to the child's age and developmental disabilities.

Esta Dissertação de Mestrado consiste num estudo qualitativo, de natureza clínicointerpretativa, realizado a partir de uma posição hermenêutica de investigação, cujo objetivo geral foi analisar a demanda de crianças que desenvolvem tendências antissociais no seu processo de estruturação psíquica. Para tanto, de forma mais específica, foi discutido o papel da estrutura familiar, as especificidades dos diferentes tipos de manifestação da tendência e a função de instituições no processo de intervenção junto a crianças que praticam atos antissociais. A metodologia adotada foi o procedimento de desenhos-estória, composto de cinco sessões de produção de desenho livre, contação de estória, inquérito e atribuição de título, realizado por sete crianças com idades entre seis e onze anos, todas apresentando estrutura familiar preservada, sem vivência de rua e assistidas pelo Centro de Desenvolvimento Integral da Amizade (CDI), obra social sem fins lucrativos, situada no bairro de Santo Amaro, em Recife-PE. O material produzido por duas das crianças participantes, levando-se em consideração também a história de vida delas, foi analisado a partir de teorizações de Donald Woods Winnicott, psicanalista inglês, acerca da tendência antissocial, temática central deste estudo. Trata-se da ocorrência de uma perda significativa, uma deprivação vivenciada pela criança, que teve algo de positivo e proveitoso em sua experiência prévia com o ambiente, inicialmente representado pela mãe. Devido a uma falha superior ao tempo em que a memória da experiência satisfatória pôde ser mantida, a criança experimenta um sentimento de decepção e passa a cobrar do ambiente o que este lhe deve, querendo reaver, inconscientemente, a mãe suficientemente boa que um dia tivera. A análise realizada evidenciou a existência de uma demanda de amor, um desejo inconsciente de mudança por parte das crianças investigadas, que desestruturam o ambiente em que vivem com vias a reverter aquilo que lhes falta. Levando-se em conta tratar-se de crianças provenientes de família desassistidas, mais que desestruturadas, que vivem em uma comunidade de condições precárias, aponta-se a instituição como via de possibilidade de restituição das condições anteriormente vividas por essas crianças, (re)construindo a moldura que lhes daria sustentação para seguirem seu percurso de amadurecimento em direção à realização do desenvolvimento saudável / This Master Paper consists in a qualitative study with a clinical-interpretative nature, developed from an hermeneutic position of investigation, whose main propose was analyze the antissocial children request. In a specific way, was discussed the family structure paper, the different manifestation kinds of the antissocial tendency and the function of institutions in the interventional process with the children that practice this acts. The method adopted was the paint-history procedure, made by five sections of free painting production, telling history, inquiry and title attribution, done by seven kids between the ages six to eleven years old, all of them showing a conserved family structure, with no street living and assisted by the Centro Integral da Amizade (CDI), social work with no lucrative ends, located in the neighborhood of Santo Amaro, in Recife-PE. The material produced by two kids, considering also their life histories, were analyzed from Donald Woods Winnicotts theorizations about antissocial tendency, main theme of this study. It talks about a significant loosing, a deprivation suffered by the child, that had some positive living in the previous experience with the environment, initially represented by the mother. With a fault bigger than the child memory could support, the kid tries a deception feeling and charge the environment what it duties him, trying to refund, unconsciously, the mother good enough that a day he had. The analyze done shown that exist a loving ask, an unconscious changing desire by the children investigated, which dismantle the environment where they live trying to modify its hostility. Considering that the children studied come from unassisted families, more than unstructured, who live in a precarious community, we suggest the institution as a possibility of restoring the conditions before lived by those children, (re)building the frame which gave them the sustentation to follow their maturity process in the direction to the healthy development

Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-01T18:08:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao_sarah_camello.pdf: 2835787 bytes, checksum: 586fa92d839fc10dc96d71d39dc2fd3d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-06-01 / This Master Paper consists in a qualitative study with a clinical-interpretative nature, developed from an hermeneutic position of investigation, whose main propose was analyze the antissocial children request. In a specific way, was discussed the family structure paper, the different manifestation kinds of the antissocial tendency and the function of institutions in the interventional process with the children that practice this acts. The method adopted was the paint-history procedure, made by five sections of free painting production, telling history, inquiry and title attribution, done by seven kids between the ages six to eleven years old, all of them showing a conserved family structure, with no street living and assisted by the Centro Integral da Amizade (CDI), social work with no lucrative ends, located in the neighborhood of Santo Amaro, in Recife-PE. The material produced by two kids, considering also their life histories, were analyzed from Donald Woods Winnicott s theorizations about antissocial tendency, main theme of this study. It talks about a significant loosing, a deprivation suffered by the child, that had some positive living in the previous experience with the environment, initially represented by the mother. With a fault bigger than the child memory could support, the kid tries a deception feeling and charge the environment what it duties him, trying to refund, unconsciously, the mother good enough that a day he had. The analyze done shown that exist a loving ask, an unconscious changing desire by the children investigated, which dismantle the environment where they live trying to modify its hostility. Considering that the children studied come from unassisted families, more than unstructured, who live in a precarious community, we suggest the institution as a possibility of restoring the conditions before lived by those children, (re)building the frame which gave them the sustentation to follow their maturity process in the direction to the healthy development / Esta Dissertação de Mestrado consiste num estudo qualitativo, de natureza clínicointerpretativa, realizado a partir de uma posição hermenêutica de investigação, cujo objetivo geral foi analisar a demanda de crianças que desenvolvem tendências antissociais no seu processo de estruturação psíquica. Para tanto, de forma mais específica, foi discutido o papel da estrutura familiar, as especificidades dos diferentes tipos de manifestação da tendência e a função de instituições no processo de intervenção junto a crianças que praticam atos antissociais. A metodologia adotada foi o procedimento de desenhos-estória, composto de cinco sessões de produção de desenho livre, contação de estória, inquérito e atribuição de título, realizado por sete crianças com idades entre seis e onze anos, todas apresentando estrutura familiar preservada, sem vivência de rua e assistidas pelo Centro de Desenvolvimento Integral da Amizade (CDI), obra social sem fins lucrativos, situada no bairro de Santo Amaro, em Recife-PE. O material produzido por duas das crianças participantes, levando-se em consideração também a história de vida delas, foi analisado a partir de teorizações de Donald Woods Winnicott, psicanalista inglês, acerca da tendência antissocial, temática central deste estudo. Trata-se da ocorrência de uma perda significativa, uma deprivação vivenciada pela criança, que teve algo de positivo e proveitoso em sua experiência prévia com o ambiente, inicialmente representado pela mãe. Devido a uma falha superior ao tempo em que a memória da experiência satisfatória pôde ser mantida, a criança experimenta um sentimento de decepção e passa a cobrar do ambiente o que este lhe deve, querendo reaver, inconscientemente, a mãe suficientemente boa que um dia tivera. A análise realizada evidenciou a existência de uma demanda de amor, um desejo inconsciente de mudança por parte das crianças investigadas, que desestruturam o ambiente em que vivem com vias a reverter aquilo que lhes falta. Levando-se em conta tratar-se de crianças provenientes de família desassistidas, mais que desestruturadas, que vivem em uma comunidade de condições precárias, aponta-se a instituição como via de possibilidade de restituição das condições anteriormente vividas por essas crianças, (re)construindo a moldura que lhes daria sustentação para seguirem seu percurso de amadurecimento em direção à realização do desenvolvimento saudável

Exploring the resilience construct is highly relevant for the field of learning disabilities. Resilience is a dynamic process of adaptation that involves interactions between a range of risk and protective factors. This research presents recent learning disability and resilience literature, focussing on the risk and protective factors in the lives of those with learning difficulties. Children with a learning disability often have associated emotional, behavioural and social difficulties that may become major obstacles to positive future outcomes. Historically little attention has been paid to the experiences of mothers of children with a learning disability and how the mother-child relationship may or may not foster the development of resilience in the learning disabled child. This research explores the issue within a qualitative framework / Educational Studies / M. Ed. (Guidance and Counselling)

The purpose of this study was to assess school-based psycho-educational support to parents of children with learning impairments and how the parents' needs differ according to the age of the child, the severity of the learning impairment and the educational status of the parent. The study presents a literature review of the neuro-physiological origin of learning impairments, cognitive development, common problems experienced by children with learning impairments, the effects on the family of having a child with learning impairments and an overview of school support services in South Africa. A survey study was used. Data was collected by means of a questionnaire. The results of the study showed that parents need to be equipped with knowledge and skills irrespective of the age of the child, the severity of the learning impairment, the number of years the child has been in special school and the educational status of the parents. / Educational Studies / M.Ed. (Guidance and Counselling)

Thesis (MEdPsych)--Stellenbosch University, 2014. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The worldwide increase in the diagnosis of autism, the immense pressure parents experience in raising a child with autism, as well as the accessibility of internet-based support, provided a unique opportunity to research parents’ experiences in such an online community. Knowledge about their experiences, the value and meaning of an online support group in their daily lives, as well as which parents access online support, could shed light on how online communities could possibly be better utilised to provide instant and low-cost information and support to parents who are otherwise excluded from face-to-face support groups due to various constraints. Additionally, research about online support groups for autism in South Africa seems to be non-existent. This research could contribute significantly to the gap in knowledge about South African parents’ experiences. The aim of the study was to engage with South African parents participating in a Facebook support group in finding out what value (positive or negative) it adds to their lives and determining the meaning they ascribe to their participation in this group. This was a qualitative study based on a social constructionist theoretical framework as it is concerned with how every person’s reality is shaped through social interaction with others, as well as through the historical and cultural influences in that person’s life. Participants for this study were purposively selected and data was collected through observations of their exchanges within the Facebook support group, as well as through an electronic interview questionnaire. These interactions and correspondence were analysed using thematic analysis. The research findings indicated the multifaceted role that the Facebook support group plays in the lives of each parent who participated. The amount of support they derived from the group and the value of the group depended on each parent’s unique needs and experiences, as well as their unique interpretations of the interactions within the group. Their interactions within the group showed, however, that the group provided a platform where they were able to construct their own identities as autism parents as the experts of their children’s lives, as well as advocates in the realm of autism. Their experiences were in line with international literature on online support groups. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die wêreldwye toename in die diagnose van outisme, die geweldige druk wat ouers ervaar om ʼn kind met outisme groot te maak, asook die toeganklikheid van internet-gebaseerde ondersteuning, het ʼn unieke geleentheid geskep om navorsing te doen oor ouers se ervarings in sodanige aanlyn gemeenskap. Kennis rakende hulle ervarings, die waarde en betekenis van ʼn aanlyn ondersteuningsgroep in hulle daaglikse lewens, asook watter tipe ouers aanlyn raad soek, sou lig kon werp op die onderwerp van hoe sulke aanlyn gemeenskappe moontlik beter aangewend kan word ten einde onmiddelike en goedkoop inligting en ondersteuning te bied aan ouers wat andersins uitgesluit word van kontak-ondersteuningsgroepe as gevolg van verskeie beperkings. Hierdie navorsing kan ʼn belangrike bydrae lewer tot die verbetering van die gebrekkige kennis oor aanlyn ondersteuningsgroepe vir outisme in Suid-Afrika. Hierdie navorsing kan grootliks bydra tot die gebrekkige kennis oor Suid-Afrikaanse ouers se ervarings. Die doel van hierdie studie was om betrokke te raak by ouers wat deelneem aan ʼn Facebook ondersteuningsgroep ten einde vas te stel watter waarde (positief of negatief) dit toevoeg tot hulle lewens, asook om te bepaal watter betekenis hulle heg aan hul eie deelname aan die groep. Hierdie was ʼn kwalitatiewe studie gebaseer op ʼn sosiaal-konstruksionistiese teoretiese raamwerk, aangesien dit gemoeid was met hoe elke persoon se realiteit beïnvloed word deur sosiale interaksie met ander, asook die historiese en kulturele invloede in daardie persoon se lewe. Deelnemers aan hierdie studie was doelgerig gekies en data is deur waarneming van hul interaksie binne die Facebook ondersteuningsgroep versamel, asook deur ‘n elektroniese onderhoudsvraelys. Hierdie interaksies en korrespondensie is deur tematiese analise ontleed. Die navorsingsbevindings het die veelkantige rol wat die Facebook ondersteunings-groep in die lewens van elke deelnemer gespeel het, aangetoon. Die mate van ondersteuning wat elkeen uit die groep ontvang het, asook die waarde van die groep, was afhanklik van elkeen se unieke behoeftes en ervarings en elkeen se unieke vertolking van die interaksie binne die groep. Die ouers se interaksie binne die groep het egter aangedui dat die ondersteuningsgroep ʼn platform daargestel het waar hulle hulle eie identiteite as outisme ouers, en kundiges oor hul kinders se lewens, kon konstrueer. Benewens dit was hulle ook kampvegters op die terrein van outisme. Hulle ervarings stem ooreen met internasionale literatuur rakende aanlyn ondersteuningsgroepe.

Thesis (MPhil(Rehabilitation))--Stellenbosch University, 2012. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This is a descriptive, phenomenological, qualitative study which explores the experiences of and coping strategies employed by the parents/caregivers of disabled children in the management of their care, including rehabilitation and schooling. The study was conducted in the rural communities of the Eastern Cape outside Mthatha, where parents/caregivers of disabled children have historically had challenges finding suitable schooling for their intellectually impaired children. In 1999, Happy Home community rehabilitation centre for disabled children was established by Mrs. V.V. Duma, a parent of a disabled child. Study participants comprised of parents or care-givers of the disabled children residing at Happy Home. A total of 37 participants took part in the study, comprising of six focus group discussions of six parents/caregivers per group, and one individual interview. Study findings revealed that parents/caregivers used a variety of coping strategies to manage the care of their disabled children. Both positive and negative coping strategies were used. Negative coping strategies included abandoning the child, which was justified by, for instance, belief that the child had been bewitched by in-laws, or on the pretext that the mother's HIV positive status had been caused by the father, leading to the mother abandoning the child. In cases where both parents had abandoned the baby, or the death of a parent occurred, a caregiver, often a relative, would take responsibility for the child. Positive strategies can be characterized as willingness by parents/caregivers to do whatever it takes to help the children to survive and access better opportunities. The caregivers/parents who adopted positive coping strategies were mainly from Christian backgrounds and consequently believed that a disabled child is God‟s gift. These parents/caregivers seek assistance from a number of different sources to help the disabled child, including from faith healers, traditional healers, and western medical treatments. Cultural influences on the reactions of parents, extended family and the wider community as revealed in the study show that disability is seen in negative terms and that the abuse of women, including while pregnant, is supported as a cultural norm. It was found that stress, abuse, and poverty during pregnancy were perceived by parents to be some of the causes of disability in new born babies. Parents/caregivers experienced barriers to health and rehabilitation including; long distances to health and rehabilitation centres with prohibitive transport costs. It appeared that health care providers did not communicate about children‟s conditions or would not treat sick disabled children. There were also data that indicated that there were some health care providers who were helpful and that parents/caregivers used other resources such as radio programmes to educate them about disability. The study sought to understand the challenges that disabled children and their parents/caregivers experienced. The results of the study indicate that workshops with the health professionals to change their attitudes, and enhance their understanding of disability should be conducted. In addition, community awareness and education campaigns about causes, and signs and symptoms of disabilities; and the issue of cultural norms that impact on the abuse of women and negative attitudes towards disabled children need to be conducted among the communities from which the study participants originate. Furthermore, the study recommends that the Health Science curriculum include a generic module on disability studies to be completed by all health science students, to ensure that as health practitioners such as therapists and nurses, they can be more effective in responding to the needs of disabled children. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die studie is ʼn beskrywende fenomenologiese navorsing, wat die ervaring van ouers/versorgers van gestremde kinders ondersoek; asook die strategiee wat deur hulle aangewent word om te help met die versorging, rehabilitasie en onderrig van gestremde kinders. Die studie het gebruik gemaak van kwalitatiewe data kolleksie metodes. Ouers/versorgers van gestremde kinders wat in Happy Home woon het aan die studie deelgeneem. Ses groepsbesprekings, met ses ouers in elke groep, sowel as individuele onderhoude met elke deelnemer was uitgevoer. In totaal was daar 37 deelnemers in die studie. Die studie was uitgevoer in die plattelandse gemeenskappe buite Mthatha, in die Oos Kaap. Ouers/versorgers van intelektueel gestremde kinders het probleme ondervind om geskikte onderwys te vind vir hulle kinders in hierdie area. Happy Home, `n gemeenskapsrehabilitasie sentrum vir gestremde kinders, is in 1999 deur Mev J.J.Duma, `n ouer van `n gestremde kind, gestig. Daar was bevind dat ouers/versorgers `n veskeidenheid hanterings meganismes, positief en negatief,gebruik om hulle gestremde kinders te versorg. Negatiewe stratigee soos om die kind te verlaat is ingesluit en is geregverdig deur, bevoorbeeld, die geloof dat die kind deur skoonouers betower was, of op die voorwendsel dat die moeder se HIV postief status, veroorsaak deur die vader, die oorsaak was dat die moeder gevolglik die kind verlaat het. In Ingevalle waar beide ouers die baba verlaat hetof waar `n ouer gesterf het, het `n versorger wat gewoonlik `n familielid was, verantwoordelikheid geneem vir die kind. Postiewe strategiee is kenmerkend van ouers/versorgers se gewilligheid om alles moontlik te doen, om die kinders te help om te oorleef en toegang te he tot beter geleenthede. Ouers/versorgers wie positiewe strategiee aangewent het was waarskynlik van Christelike agtergronde en het gevolglik geglo dat ʼn gestremde kind ʼn gesekenk van God is. Sulke ouers/versorgers soek bystand van ʼn verskydenheid hulpbronne, om die gestremde kind te help; insluitend die dienste van ʼn geloofsgeneser, tradisionele genesers, en westerse mediese behandelings. Die studie het gewys dat kulturele invloede op die reaksies van ouers, die familie en die wyer gemeenskap veroorsaak het dat gestremdheid in `n negatiewe lig gesien word en dat die mishandeling van vroue, insluitende swanger vroue, ondersteun word as `n kulturele norm. Daar was bevind dat spanning, mishandeling en armoede gesien word as oorsake van gestremdheid in pas gebore babas. Ouers/versorgers het struikelblokke teegekom met betrekking tot toegang tot gesondheids dienste en rehabilitasie. Dit het lang afstande na gesondheids- en rehabilitasie sentrums asook onbekostigbare vervoer uitgawes ingesluit. Dit het voorgekom asof gesondheidsorg voorsieners nie oor die kinders se toestande gekommunikeer het nie en nie siek gestremde kinders behandel het nie. Daar was data wat daarop gewys het dat sommige gesondheidsorg voorsieners behulpsaam was en dat ouers/versorgers ander hulpbronne soos radio programme gebruik het om hulself in te lig. Die studie het gepoog om die plattelandse konteks en die uitdagings wat gestremde kinders en hulle ouers/versorgers ondervind het te verstaan. Die studie resultate dui daarop dat werkswinkels met gesondheidsorg verskaffers gehou moet word om hulle begrip van gestremdheid te verbeter om sodoende hulle houding teenoor gestremdhied te verander. Daarbenewens moet opleidings en inligtings veldtogte oor die oorsake, tekens en simptome van gestremdheid, oor die impak wat kulturele norme het op die mishandeling van vroue, en oor die negatiewe houdings teenoor gestremde kinders, in die gemeenskappe waarvandaan die studie deelnemers kom gehou word ʼn Verdere aanbeveling is dat die kurrikulum vir Gesondheids Wetenskappe ʼn algemene module oor gestremdheid studies insluit; om voltooi te word deur all studente wie Gesondheids Wetenskappe studeer; sodat terapeute en verpleegsters grooter kennis sal dra van die behoeftes van gestremde kinders.

This thesis explains the concept of progressive muscular disease. Describes the development of the disease, different types and methods of treatment. It also deals with the problems of the educational opportunities of children with limited mobility in the Czech Republic. The thesis is divided into four parts. The first chapter deals with the definition of the concept of progressive muscular disease. The second part describes the laws on education and educational facilities for children with disabilities in our country. It also deals with special educational needs and support in the educational process. The third part describes the family as a determinant in the choice of school. Determining what factors and to what extent, affect parents in deciding on the future of education.

Background: Exposure to perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) or to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) increases mouse and human peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor alpha (PPARα) subtype activity, which influences lipid metabolism. Because cholesterol is the substrate from which testosterone is synthesized, exposure to these substances has the potential to alter testosterone concentrations. Objectives: We explored associations of total testosterone and sex hormone–binding globulin (SHBG) concentrations at age 15 years with prenatal exposures to PFOS, PFOA, perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS), and perfluoronanoic acid (PFNA) in females. Methods: Prenatal concentrations of the perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) were measured in serum collected from pregnant mothers at enrollment (1991–1992) in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). The median gestational age when the maternal blood sample was obtained was 16 weeks (interquartile range, 11–28 weeks). Total testosterone and SHBG concentrations were measured in serum obtained from their daughters at 15 years of age. Associations between prenatal PFAAs concentrations and reproductive outcomes were estimated using linear regression models (n = 72). Results: Adjusted total testosterone concentrations were on average 0.18-nmol/L (95% CI: 0.01, 0.35) higher in daughters with prenatal PFOS in the upper concentration tertile compared with daughters with prenatal PFOS in the lower tertile. Adjusted total testosterone concentrations were also higher in daughters with prenatal concentrations of PFOA (β = 0.24; 95% CI: 0.05, 0.43) and PFHxS (β = 0.18; 95% CI: 0.00, 0.35) in the upper tertile compared with daughters with concentrations in the lower tertile. We did not find evidence of associations between PFNA and total testosterone or between any of the PFAAs and SHBG. Conclusions: Our findings were based on a small study sample and should be interpreted with caution. However, they suggest that prenatal exposure to some PFAAs may alter testosterone concentrations in females.