Submitted by Programa de Pós-Graduação em Mídia e Cotidiano (ppgmc@vm.uff.br) on 2017-05-04T20:44:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL FLUMINENSE - Marcelo Machado da Motta.pdf: 1628795 bytes, checksum: f04d8d77d44f6ee401ea86c7c6cd49d9 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Josimara Dias Brumatti (bcgdigital@ndc.uff.br) on 2017-06-12T14:39:12Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL FLUMINENSE - Marcelo Machado da Motta.pdf: 1628795 bytes, checksum: f04d8d77d44f6ee401ea86c7c6cd49d9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-12T14:39:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL FLUMINENSE - Marcelo Machado da Motta.pdf: 1628795 bytes, checksum: f04d8d77d44f6ee401ea86c7c6cd49d9 (MD5) / Este estudo propõe uma reflexão sobre a influência causada pela participação mais expressiva dos leitores nas produções jornalísticas, por meio das possibilidades de interatividade, obtidas através das fanpages do Facebook. Como o jornalismo na atualidade tem lidado com a instantaneidade na difusão de informações, em que medida as novas narrativas midiáticas têm lidado com as novas plataformas informativas. Nesse aspecto, este estudo também busca analisar a mudança de postura das empresas jornalísticas, na tentativa de maior participação e interação com um público, cada vez mais produtor conjunto de conteúdos informativos. O recorte principal de análise serão as fanpages do portal Brasil 247 e revista Veja, juntamente com suas coberturas jornalísticas acerca da abertura do processo de impeachment da presidente Dilma Roussef. Além do recorte principal, analisaremos situações específicas dos jornais Extra, do Rio de Janeiro, e Folha de São Paulo. Serão feitos estudos de situações, nas quais fica explícita a interação direta entre jornal e leitor, por meio do espaço de comentário. Na análise principal investigaremos as práticas jornalísticas através da segmentação de público, ou seja, como as empresas jornalísticas buscam estratégias e posicionamentos, de acordo com o seu público / This study offers an analysis of the influence caused by the greater share of readers in the journalistic productions, through the possibilities of interactivity, obtained through the Facebook fanpages. How journalism today has dealt with the immediacy in the dissemination of information and the extent to which new media narratives have been dealing with the new informative platforms. In this regard, this study also seeks to analyze the change of position of media companies in an attempt to more participation and interaction with a public increasingly producer of informative content. The main crop analysis will be Brazil 247 portal fanpages and Veja magazine along with their news coverage about the opening of the impeachment of President Dilma Roussef. Besides the main crop, we analyze specific situations of Extra newspaper, in Rio de Janeiro, and Folha de São Paulo. Studies will be made of situations in which it is explicit direct interaction between paper and reader via the comment space. In the main analysis investigate journalistic practices through audience segmentation, that is, as newspaper companies seek strategies and positions, according to your audience

This thesis is a case study examining a user-generated content delivered to a newsroom of Metro daily and its subsequent evaluation, selection and utilization in printed edition of the newspaper. Their bold attempt of participatory journalism - online gallery of readers' photographs - remains one of the few successful examples of this type of alternative journalism in Czech media even after five years since its foundation. The first chapter provides necessary field context related to the demonopolization and deprofessionalization of journalism as well as to the transformation of the communication framework and the roles of the producer (journalist) and the user (recipient) of media content, furthermore some types of alternative journalism are listed and distinctively characterized. Secondly, a phenomenon of user-generated content (UGC) is described in detail, focusing on its specifics in relation to journalism and on selected examples of the UGC occurring in Czech media. Lastly, I present a research of readers' photos from May, August, November 2016 and February 2017. The content analysis is applied twice - to define a nature of the photographs, their purpose, topic and information quality; to detect which of those gets actually used and printed. The work also focuses directly on the authors of...

The dissertation analyzes the iReporter project, which allows viewers to become involved in Czech Television broadcasting. The dissertation is divided into theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part deals with participatory (citizen) journalism, both abroad and in the Czech Republic. I attempt to outline the history and present of public involvement in the production of news, with a focus on TV- related participatory journalism and Czech Television in particular. The dissertation describes the way in which viewers became increasingly involved in TV broadcasting over time, be it in movies, TV series, entertainment programs or news reporting. I also explain how television began to utilize new media, mobile journalism and social networks, all of which brought it much closer to its viewers. The theoretical study is followed by a practical part focused on the iReporter project. For example, it provides information about the people in charge of the project, the number of participating contributors, the process a video takes to get on the screen, the regions with the most active iReporters and the programs/shows which use their videos the most. This is followed by a mapping of the iReporters' weekly activities to show, for example, the proportion of the most active contributors, the most popular topics...

With the development of digital media, cooperation and communication with the audience has become a common practice of media organizations at the national and regional levels. Consumers of media content are now much more involved in working with media content, which they not only change and edit, but also help create. Gradually, the boundaries between the author and the audience are blurred. This diploma thesis deals with user-generated content in selected regional media in the Ústí nad Labem region. Specifically, it examines the use of user-generated content in the regional newsroom of Czech Television in Ústí nad Labem, in Děčínský deník and Mladá fronta Dnes Severní Čechy. The theoretical part brings the field context of changes in journalism with the advent of digital media and their impact on traditional journalism. Furthermore, the phenomenon of user-generated content, its definitions and specific examples from foreign and domestic television and print media are introduced. Using semi-structured interviews and quantitative content analysis, it describes and offers a detailed description of the work of selected regional media with user-generated content. The aim of the diploma thesis is to describe the state, method of processing and content of UGC in three selected regional media in the Ústí...

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本研究透過內容分析法和深度訪談法探討台灣新聞集資發展的發展概況，包含新聞內容產製者如何執行集資計畫，以及對新聞業和記者工作型態有何影響或變化。 研究結果顯示，在所有新聞集資提案中，提案數量最多的發起方類別是公民記者／團體，但他們大多自行摸索如何產製新聞，需要更多資源和專業後援以提升作品質量。傳播科系學生則透過新聞集資計畫實踐所學，新聞集資提案如同一小型創業，當前創業新聞學成為一股趨勢，未來學校教育除提供相關技能以及商業知識外，也應該引導學生探討專業倫理問題。傳統商業新聞媒體則是還沒將集資視為產製過程中的財物來源之一，尚未積極涉及新聞集資領域。 五年來的新聞集資圖像包含因社會運動熱潮推向高峰；另外至少有三成提案的發起方甘冒於更大的風險到國外取材；新聞集資也是長期追蹤議題、報導主流媒體忽視議題的可行管道。這些特點使得整體新聞集資題材更加多樣。 深度訪談八位新聞集資計畫的提案者。分析結果顯示，提案者寧願身兼多職或多工擁抱產製中的種種限制和不確定性，圖的是報導自由度以及更多時間追蹤議題並與受訪對象互動。提案者的產製運作情形因集資平台營運模式的不同有所差異。國內目前有兩家新聞集資平台：weReport、SOS。前者採非營利型、一次性集資，定位偏向提供「種子資金」育成入門報導者；後者採用營利型、持續訂閱集資，希望成為寫作者固定營收源，運作策略上強調個人品牌以及內容獨特性。 關於提案方和資助方之間的互動，新聞產製過程中的主導權多落在提案者或報導者手中，社群參與情形如啦啦隊的支持角色，積極的新聞協作功能不易實現。至於平台方和資助者的關係，雖然平台方在集資期間對於提案者的資訊揭露下了不少功夫，可惜多數平台並不追蹤計畫後續執行情形，僅由提案方自發維持。 本研究建議群眾資助新聞的轉型應朝向長期發展。除了關注社群形成以及產製過程經驗的累積，不可忽視的著力點還有「將新聞需求人口轉變為消費人口」。而無論新聞集資如何演變，至少得保持過程中的開放與透明特性。 / This study based on content analysis and in-depth interviews, explored the development of crowdfunding journalism, including how news content producers implement crowdfunding projects and how this emerging model influences or changes journalism and journalists’ work. The results revealed that citizen journalists constitute the largest proportion of crowdfunders of crowdfunding journalism projects. Citizen journalists continually explore news production independently and require more resources and professional support to raise the quality of their work. Communication students apply what they have learned by pitching projects, just like a micro start-up. Currently, entrepreneurial journalism has become a trend. In addition to providing skill training and teaching business knowledge, schools should lead students to discuss professional ethics issues. Traditional news media do not consider crowdfunding as a financing source and are not actively involved in this field. Over the past 5 years, crowdfunding journalism has peaked because of social movements. Crowdfunders of at least 30% of project seem willing to endure risky conditions abroad to gather news. Crowdfunding journalism is also an option for reporters who would like to follow a particular issue for a long time. All of these features increase the diversity of the overall subjects of crowdfunding news. In-depth interviews were conducted with eight crowdfunders. The crowdfunders revealed that they would rather take on multiple roles, undertake multiple tasks or stand the various constraints and uncertainty during the news production, in order to have the freedom of the press and much more time to track the issues and interact with their interviewees. Crowdfunders’ production practices varied from diverse business models of crowdfunding platforms. Two crowdfunding journalism platforms are available in Taiwan: weReport and SOS. weReport adopts a nonprofit, one-time funding model, and prefers to provide “seed money” for new entrants. SOS adopts a profit-based subscription model in the hope of providing writers stable funding; the business strategy of SOS emphasizes individual brands and content uniqueness. Crowdfunders or reporters usually take the initiative in news production, compared with donors. Community participation plays a supporting role, but active news collaboration from communities is not easy to achieve. Regarding the relationship between platforms and donors, although platforms endeavor to maintain information transparency, most platforms do not follow up, depending on crowdfunders' self-discipline. This study suggests that the transformation of crowdfunding journalism will move toward long-term development. In addition to focusing on community building and accumulating news production experience, the issue of “turning the news-demanding population into a news-consuming population” must not be overlooked. However, regardless of how crowdfunding journalism develops, the process should remain open and transparent.

媒體網路科技的發展以及數位技術的解放，讓個人媒體開始出現。這些草根媒體不論在型態或是內容產製上都與過去的大眾媒體有很大的差異。2000年韓國出現了強調人人都是記者的公民新聞媒體《Ohmynews》，短短幾年成為韓國前10大影響力的新聞媒體，也讓公民新聞開始受重視。在察覺公民新聞的發展趨勢以及擴大台灣公共電視影響力的需求下，2007年4月30日PeoPo公民新聞平台正式成立運作，它是第一個強調以影音為主的公民新聞媒體，也是強調人人皆可參與的開放新聞平台。 一年的運作下來，PeoPo公民新聞平台不論在公民記者人數的成長或是新聞數量的增加都有了相當的成績，並且舉辦過多場活動展現了草根媒體的影響力。透過PeoPo公民新聞平台，更多人有了公共參與以及關心社區事物的機會，也看到了不同地區、年齡、背景的民眾參與公民報導的實踐。 本研究將透過實際參與PeoPo新聞平台發展一年觀察的田野筆記，呈現PeoPo公民新聞平台發展的軌跡；並且透過量化的問卷以及質性的深度訪談，了解PeoPo公民新聞平台在公眾參與以及多元報導上的表現。