The general purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between cognitive styles and personality types in order to gain insight into the placement of leaders within the context of current and future organisational demands. The study was conducted among 123 managers within the information technology environment of a South African financial institution. Data was collected by means of the Cognitive Process Profile (CPP) and the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI). Supporting evidence, although not sufficient, indicates a probable relationship between cognitive styles and personality types. The assumption can therefore be made that the relationship between cognitive styles and personality types will be more pronounced among a more geographically distributed sample group which includes sufficient diverse respondents regarding the different cognitive styles and personality types. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / MCOM (Industrial Psychology)

This thesis deals with a social curator, a specialized social worker profession. The first part describes attributes of humanity and ethical cathegories, which were chosen acording to the aim of this thesis and which were emhasized as important pillars in the work of a social curator. The next part of the thesis contains description of a target group with which the social curator works and it also describes the mainly occuring types of clients. In the third part of the thesis there is a list and evaluation of all the pillars that the social curator needs with the emphasis put on their meaning for their job. As a main source the author uses a czech legislation, which names a target group of the social curator as well as she uses an ethical code, which is not legaly binding, but it is a outline for a good quality work of all of social workers. It is important to always také into account the maturity and morally formed personaly of the social curator and also their knowledge of ethics and ethical cathegories and their practical use.

This thesis expresses a thorough conceptual and theoretical investigation of the liturgical challenges a liturgist (preacher) faces to address worshippers of all MBTI® (Myers-Briggs Type Indicator®) personality types effectively in public sermons. The investigation is focused on the conceptualizing of psychological factors and the effects thereof that need to be taken into account by liturgists in a public worship service. The scientific aim of the thesis is to give liturgists a theoretical grasp on the hermeneutical factors, liturgical demands and homiletical challenges that any preacher should calculate in addressing worshippers with different and often ‘conflicting’ personality types and needs in a public sermon. I have chosen the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator® as psychometric instrument which consists out of sixteen unique and different personality types that are described in a four letter combination. This combination describes a person’s preferred orientation to the world (extroversion or introversion), his/her preferred way of gathering information (sensing or intuition), his/her preferred way of decision making (thinking or feeling) and the preferred lifestyle he/she adopts (judging or perceiving). The MBTI® builds on the insights of the well-known Swiss psychiatrist Carl Gustav Jung, the father of analytical psychology as well as the efforts of the formidable mother and daughter combination, Isabel Myers and Katharine Briggs. The reason for this choice is because the MBTI® proofs to be the most distinctive and effective instrument for comprehensively addressing spirituality and type. On the one hand the MBTI® is ‘friendly’ and intelligible enough to be taken into account by any congregation and liturgist while on the other hand it is a thorough and comprehensive psychometric instrument with sound subjacent psychological and scientific principles. Jung distinguished two opposite energizing orientations to the world, extraversion and introversion and four mental functions, the two opposite ways of taking in information (sensing and intuition) and the two opposite ways of ordering (organizing) the information that’s been taken in (thinking and feeling). In addition, Isabel Myers and Katharine Briggs added two preferred opposite lifestyles, an organized planned lifestyle (judging) and an adaptive spontaneous lifestyle (perceiving). Out of these combined distinctions the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator® was born. The investigation is conveyed in two distinct phases namely a theoretical- and a conclusive phase. The thesis consists out of four parts. Part 1 (Chapters 1 and 2) covers the introduction, an explanation of the methodology and the preliminary description of the concepts in the title of the thesis and other relevant concepts for example ‘liturgy’. The title of the thesis is: Personality types in worshippers: A practical-theological investigation of the challenges a preacher faces to address worshippers of all MBTI® (Myers-Briggs Type Indicator®) personality types effectively in sermons. A bilingual list of keywords is included at the beginning of the thesis to enhance continuous research and investigation. Part 2 encompasses the rest of the theoretical phase of the investigation. It consists out of a theoretical exposition of practical-theological principles like hermeneutics and homiletics (Chapter 3), an explanation of three important hermeneutical exponents Gadamer, Habermas and Ricoeur (Chapter 4), other distinctive factors that should be taken into account by the liturgist in the construction and presentation of a worship service (Chapter 5), the discussion of personality and personality types (Chapter 6), the evaluation of several psychological and psychometric instruments that could contribute to the investigation (Chapter 7), the exposition of Jung’s psychological model subjacent to the MBTI® (Chapter 8), an explanation of the theoretical foundation of the MBTI® (Chapter 9) and a comprehensive and extensive exposition of the sixteen distinctive MBTI® personality types (Chapter 10). Part 3 of the thesis consists out of Chapters 11 and 12 and encompasses the conclusive phase of the investigation. The aim of the investigation was to foster appreciation and insight in the dynamics, interaction and co-operation of the MBTI® factors, -combinations and sixteen -personality types in worshippers, so that liturgists and congregations can plan the composition and presentation of worship services accordingly. It will help to lessen the communication hindrances in the presenting and accepting of the Gospel in a worship service. The following practical question is answered in Part 3: What knowledge and insight needs to be fostered within preachers, church councils and congregations in order to accommodate and utilize the needs and strengths of the different personality types so that effective communication of the Gospel can take place in die worship service, where all personality types are potentially included? Preachers and congregations are helped to practically and liturgically address worshippers of all 16 MBTI® personality types. In Chapter 11 general challenges and demands that a liturgist (preacher) faces to address worshippers of all the MBTI® personality types effectively in a public sermon, are addressed. Other determining factors like needs, expectations, theological-anthropological perspectives, spirituality, conflicting timeframes, different generations, stages of psychological- and faith development, selective moments, politics, relationships, social contexts, clothing, moods, language, culture, sexuality, gender roles and defence meganisms are also calculated. The determining and role of personality types (in liturgist and worshippers) and the practical implications and challenges of distinct MBTI® factors and -combinations are addressed. The hermeneutical-, liturgical- and homiletical challenges and demands of the various factors are calculated. The chapter ends by calculating other practical demands and suggestions like different types of worship sermons, alternating worship services, the alternating of liturgical elements in one sermon and the developing of a specific and deliberate style and identity in a worship service. In Chapter 12 the specific demands and challenges that the liturgist faces to effectively address worshippers of all sixteen MBTI® personality types in sermons, are addressed. Hermeneutical-, liturgical- and homiletical challenges and demands with regard to each of the sixteen MBTI® personality types are taken practically into account in a communicative theory of practice. Hermeneutical challenges helps liturgists to spiritually understand each personality type better. With regard to liturgical presentation and construction, the liturgical suggestions enhance the accommodation and involvement of every personality type in the public sermon. Homiletical proposals contribute to the effective preaching, heralding and receiving of the Gospel in the public worship service, so that worshippers of every personality style can be addressed in the public worship service. Other liturgists are invited to freely add their experience and insight in the practical application of the hermeneutical-, liturgical- and homiletical suggestions and proposals. Part 4 concludes the thesis with a short summary and an extensive exposition of literature references in a Bibliography according to an adapted Harvard method. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Practical Theology / unrestricted

No description available.

L’omniprésence de l’intelligence artificielle (IA) est indéniable, que ce soit dans son utilisation de tous les jours jusqu’à son utilisation dans divers domaines comme la médecine ou le service à la clientèle. Cette technologie fera sans aucun doute partie intégrante de la vie de chaque individu dans un futur rapproché. Par conséquent, il est aussi indéniable de penser que ces technologies feront éventuellement partie intégrante du domaine de la criminologie, que ce soit par le biais de la police prédictive, d’algorithmes d’aide à la décision en termes de récidive, de l’utilisation de la reconnaissance faciale dans les tâches policières ou peut-être de l’accompagnement aux citoyens dans les processus judiciaires. En conséquence, il est important de comprendre comment les individus faisant partie du domaine perçoivent l’intelligence artificielle afin de mieux comprendre comment les individus percevront l’IA lors de l’implantation potentielle d’une telle technologie. Cette étude vise donc à mettre en lumière l’effet des facteurs sociodémographiques, des perceptions de l’intelligence artificielle en général ainsi que des facteurs reliés aux types de personnalités en relation avec le fait d’attribuer des caractéristiques humaines à l’IA. Pour y arriver, des données ont été colligées à l’aide d’un questionnaire en ligne posant des questions notamment sur les facteurs sociodémographiques, les différents aspects de la personnalité ainsi que sur l’utilisation et les perceptions générales des technologies d’intelligence artificielle. Les résultats ont permis de souligner que les facteurs sociodémographiques tels que le genre et le domaine d'activité professionnelle, soit de travailler dans la police, sont corrélés à l’échelle Attribution de caractéristiques humaines à l’IA (ACHIA). En effet, le genre est associé à une corrélation positive faible indiquant que le fait d’être un homme a une légère influence sur l’échelle ACHIA. Ensuite, le fait de travailler dans la police est inversement corrélé signifiant que ceux travaillant dans la police peuvent avoir une légère tendance à répondre en défaveur de l’échelle ACHIA. En revanche, les traits de personnalité n'ont pas montré d'effet significatif sur cette perception, ce qui permet de mettre en lumière que certaines recherches supplémentaires sont nécessaires pour approfondir cette relation complexe. De plus, l’analyse de régression linéaire multiple a permis d’obtenir un modèle de prédiction de l’attribution de caractéristiques humaines à l’IA. Le modèle de prédiction de l’ACHIA est présenté dans le tableau 9 du chapitre résultats. Ce modèle a permis de faire ressortir que seules les variables « Bonnes connaissances par rapport à l’intelligence artificielle » et « IA a le potentiel de remplacer les tâches professionnelles » sont capable de prédire le fait d’attribuer des caractéristiques humaines à l’IA. Ainsi, plus une personne a de bonnes connaissances par rapport à l’intelligence artificielle, plus celle-ci aura tendance à attribuer des caractéristiques humaines à l’intelligence artificielle. De même, plus une personne pense que l’IA a le potentiel de remplacer ses tâches professionnelles, plus celle-ci attribuera des caractéristiques humaines à l’IA. Enfin, la recherche sur l’attribution de caractéristiques humaines à l’intelligence artificielle devrait être explorée davantage dans le futur afin d’approfondir notre compréhension de la relation complexe entre les humains et cette technologie émergente. / The omnipresence of artificial intelligence (AI) is undeniable, whether in its everyday use or in various fields such as medicine or customer service. This technology will undoubtedly become an integral part of every individual's life in the near future. Therefore, it is also undeniable to think that these technologies will eventually become an integral part of the field of criminology, whether through predictive policing, decision-making algorithms regarding recidivism, the use of facial recognition in police tasks, or perhaps assisting citizens in judicial processes. Consequently, it is important to understand how individuals in the field perceive artificial intelligence to better understand how individuals will perceive AI during the potential implementation of such technology. This study aims to shed light on the effect of sociodemographic factors, perceptions of artificial intelligence in general, and personality-related factors in relation to attributing human characteristics to AI. To achieve this, data was collected using an online questionnaire, posing questions on sociodemographic factors, different aspects of personality, as well as the use and perceptions of artificial intelligence technologies. The results emphasized that sociodemographic factors such as gender and professional field, specifically working in the police, are correlated with the Attribution of Human-like Characteristics to AI (ACHIA) scale. Indeed, gender is associated with a weak positive correlation indicating that being a man slightly influences the ACHIA scale. Furthermore, working in the police is inversely correlated, meaning that those working in the police may have a slight tendency to respond unfavorably to the ACHIA scale. On the other hand, personality traits did not show a significant effect on this perception, highlighting the need for further research to deepen this complex relationship. Additionally, multiple linear regression analysis yielded a prediction model for attributing human characteristics to AI. The ACHIA prediction model is presented in Table 9 of the results chapter. This model revealed that only the variables "Good knowledge of artificial intelligence" and "AI has the potential to replace professional tasks" are capable of predicting the attribution of human characteristics to AI. Thus, the more a person has good knowledge of artificial intelligence, the more likely they are to attribute human characteristics to artificial intelligence. Similarly, the more a person thinks that AI has the potential to replace their professional tasks, the more they will attribute human characteristics to AI. Finally, research on attributing human characteristics to artificial intelligence should be further explored in the future to deepen our understanding of the complex relationship between humans and this emerging technology.

Объект работы – психологическая адаптация иностранных студентов Уральского Федерального университета имени первого президента Б. Н. Ельцина. Предмет работы – связь психологической адаптации иностранных студентов с их уровнем осознанности и темпераментом. Магистерская диссертация состоит из введения, двух глав, заключения, списка литературы и приложений. В работе 104 страницы, 9 рисунков и 9 таблиц. Во введении раскрывается актуальность проблемы адаптации иностранных студентов в контексте глобализации и межкультурного обмена, освещается развитие вопросов интеграции в многонациональной образовательной среде, что подчеркивает важность исследования для образовательных практик. Первая глава содержит теоретический обзор по изученным аспектам психологической адаптации, роль типологии направленности личности Карла Юнга и осознанности в адаптации, а также информацию о специфике психологической адаптации иностранных студентов. Вторая глава посвящена эмпирическому исследованию, включая корреляционный анализ Спирмена для определения связи между осознанностью, темпераментом и показателями адаптации. Применен ANOVA для сравнения уровней адаптации и особенностей принятия себя между студентами различных курсов. Регрессионный анализ используется для изучения изменений в влиянии осознанности и темперамента на разных этапах обучения. Кластерный анализ предварительно анализирует данные и выявляет основные тенденции и различия между студентами из разных регионов. В заключении представлены основные результаты работы, подтверждающие значимость осознанности и темперамента в процессе адаптации иностранных студентов. Работа вносит вклад в теорию и практику психологической адаптации, предлагая рекомендации для разработки программ поддержки иностранных студентов. В магистерской диссертации описано исследование, направленное на изучение процесса психологической адаптации иностранных студентов в Уральском федеральном университете. Актуальность темы обусловлена значимостью вопросов адаптации на фоне глобализации и межкультурного взаимодействия в современном образовательном пространстве. Исследование охватывает различные аспекты психологической адаптации, включая теоретические подходы, типологию личности по Юнгу, а также особенности и проблемы адаптации иностранцев в российском контексте. Анализ выявил, что осознанность и темперамент играют ключевую роль в успешной адаптации студентов. Особенно стоит отметить осознанность как основной фактор адаптации, подчеркивающий важность развития навыков внимательности и рефлексии среди студентов. Многофакторный анализ показал, что влияние осознанности на адаптацию варьируется в зависимости от курса обучения. Наибольшее влияние она оказывает на третьем курсе, свидетельствуя о накоплении необходимых навыков к этому времени, что критично для адаптации в более поздних периодах обучения. В то время как темперамент оказывает наибольшее влияние на четвертом курсе, подчеркивая значимость личностных характеристик на более зрелом этапе обучения. Анализ различий (ANOVA) подтвердил статистически значимые различия в уровнях адаптации между студентами различных курсов и показал, как осознанность и темперамент влияют на эти уровни, что указывает на изменчивость процесса адаптации в разное время обучения. Исследование подчеркивает необходимость интеграции программ по развитию осознанности в учебные планы, особенно для начальных курсов, для поддержания адаптации студентов с самого начала их обучения. Важно также учитывать индивидуальные особенности студентов, включая темперамент, при разработке поддерживающих мероприятий, так как эти факторы существенно влияют на адаптацию на всех этапах обучения. В процессе анализа психологической адаптации иностранных студентов был применен кластерный анализ для определения основных характеристик моделей адаптации, связанных со студентами из разных регионов мира. Результаты позволили выделить три ключевых кластера, каждый из которых представляет различные уровни адаптации и связанные с ними психологические особенности. Таким образом, результаты диссертации вносят важный вклад в развитие теории и практики психологической адаптации иностранных студентов, расширяя понимание механизмов, которые способствуют успешной адаптации. Разработанные на основе исследования рекомендации могут служить основой для улучшения программ поддержки, способствуя академическому успеху и личностному росту студентов, а также укреплению межкультурного диалога и повышению привлекательности России как страны для международного образования. / The object of the work is the psychological adaptation of foreign students of the Ural Federal University named after the first president B. N. Yeltsin. The subject of the work is the relationship of psychological adaptation of foreign students with their level of awareness and temperament. The master’s thesis consists of an introduction, two chapters, a conclusion, a list of literature and applications. The work contains 104 pages, 9 drawings and 9 tables. The introduction reveals the relevance of the problem of adaptation of foreign students in the context of globalization and intercultural exchange, highlights the development of integration issues in a multinational educational environment, which underlines the importance of research for educational practices. The first chapter contains a theoretical overview of the studied aspects of psychological adaptation, the role of the typology of personality orientation of Carl Jung and awareness in adaptation, as well as information about the specifics of psychological adaptation of foreign students. The second chapter focuses on empirical research, including Spearman’s correlation analysis to determine the relationship between cognition, temperament, and adaptation. ANOVA is used to compare the levels of adaptation and features of taking yourself between students of different courses. Regression analysis is used to study changes in cognition and temperament at different stages of learning. Cluster analysis preliminarily analyzes the data and identifies the main trends and differences between students from different regions. In conclusion, the main results of the work, confirming the importance of awareness and temperament in the process of adaptation of foreign students are presented. The work contributes to the theory and practice of psychological adaptation by offering recommendations for the development of programs supporting foreign students. The master’s thesis describes a study aimed at studying the process of psychological adaptation of foreign students at the Ural Federal University. The relevance of the topic is due to the importance of adaptation issues against the background of globalization and intercultural interaction in the modern educational space. The study covers various aspects of psychological adaptation, including theoretical approaches, personality typology by Jung, as well as features and problems of adaptation of foreigners in the Russian context. The analysis revealed that awareness and temperament play a key role in the successful adaptation of students. It is especially worth noting awareness as the main factor of adaptation, emphasizing the importance of developing skills of attentiveness and reflection among students. Multidimensional analysis has shown that the impact of awareness on adaptation varies from course to course. It has the greatest impact in the third year, indicating the accumulation of the necessary skills by that time, which is critical for adaptation in later periods of training. While temperament has the greatest influence on the fourth year, emphasizing the importance of personality characteristics at a more mature stage of learning. Differences analysis (ANOVA) has confirmed statistically significant differences in the levels of adaptation between students of different courses and has shown how awareness and temperament influence these levels, indicating the variability of the adaptation process at different learning times. The study emphasizes the need to integrate awareness programmes into the curriculum, especially for initial courses, to support the adaptation of students from the very beginning of their studies. It is also important to consider the individual characteristics of students, including temperament, when developing supportive activities, as these factors significantly influence adaptation at all stages of learning. In the process of analysis of the psychological adaptation of foreign students cluster analysis was applied to determine the main characteristics of adaptation models related to students from different regions of the world. The results highlighted three key clusters, each representing different levels of adaptation and related psychological features. Thus, the results of the thesis make an important contribution to the development of the theory and practice of psychological adaptation of foreign students, increasing the understanding of the mechanisms that contribute to successful adaptation. Recommendations developed on the basis of the study can serve as a basis for improving support programs, contributing to the academic success and personal growth of students, as well as strengthening intercultural dialogue and increasing the attractiveness of Russia as a country for international education.

The most popular paradigm for Jesus is 'Jesus as the Divine Saviour'. This image is inadequate for understanding the historical Jesus, because it is also inaccurate as an image for the Christian life. Marcus J Borg claims that the Christian life is about a relationship with God that involves us in a journey of transformation. In advocating the 'Third Quest', Borg develops an alternative image of 'Jesus as Jewish mystic ', contrary to the idea of 'Jesus as Jewish/Christian Messiah '. The image of Borg involves five universal religious personality types. The paradigm shift from 'Jesus as the Divine Saviour' to that of 'Jesus as Jewish mystic' is investigated as well as the relevance and consequences of this, for everyday religion and the conventional church. A plea for a positive assessment of the issue of the historical Jesus is presented. This could have existential implications for South African society as a whole. / Biblical and Ancient Studies / M.Th. (New Testament)

No description available.

No description available.

The most popular paradigm for Jesus is 'Jesus as the Divine Saviour'. This image is inadequate for understanding the historical Jesus, because it is also inaccurate as an image for the Christian life. Marcus J Borg claims that the Christian life is about a relationship with God that involves us in a journey of transformation. In advocating the 'Third Quest', Borg develops an alternative image of 'Jesus as Jewish mystic ', contrary to the idea of 'Jesus as Jewish/Christian Messiah '. The image of Borg involves five universal religious personality types. The paradigm shift from 'Jesus as the Divine Saviour' to that of 'Jesus as Jewish mystic' is investigated as well as the relevance and consequences of this, for everyday religion and the conventional church. A plea for a positive assessment of the issue of the historical Jesus is presented. This could have existential implications for South African society as a whole. / Biblical and Ancient Studies / M.Th. (New Testament)