A tragédia Hipólito de Eurípides é lida e analisada, sob o aspecto da paixão e sob as diversas perspectivas em que essa paixão se reflete e refrange. Hipólito incorre em hybris ao tratar a deusa Afrodite como a uma mulher mortal, pois não compreendeu que essa divindade deve ser respeitada e exige honras. Fedra apresenta-se como uma mulher que, dominada pela paixão por seu enteado Hipólito, incessantemente busca evitá-la e livrar-se dela; contudo, a rainha oscila nesse desejo amoroso, pois suas falas delirantes revelam desejos eróticos ocultos. Dotada de capacidade reflexiva e especulativa sobre a ação humana, ela é, no entanto, enganada pelo sofisticado discurso de sua aia. Examina-se ainda o longo discurso de Hipólito, que o mostra a odiar as mulheres e a desejar ora que não existissem, ora que não empregassem a linguagem verbal. A carta, deixada por Fedra ao suicidar-se, encontrada junto a seu cadáver, ganha, com a morte, ressonância como ponto de apoio da acusação contra Hipólito. Teseu comporta-se como um mau leitor desse documento e de seu contexto, ao pronunciar um injusto julgamento. A tradução, que acompanha o presente estudo analíticointerpretativo, serve-lhe tanto de fundamentação quanto de complemento e de esclarecimento, por ser-lhe simultânea na sua gênese e solidária na sua intenção. / The tragedy Hippolytus, by Euripide, is read and analysed, under the aspect of passion, and the different perspectives in which this passion reflects and refracts. Hippolytus incurs a hybris when he treats the goddess Aphrodite as a mortal woman, because he was not able to understand that this divinity must be respected and that she requires honors. Phaedra presents herself as a woman who, dominated by passion for his stepson Hippolytus, incessantly tries to avoid this feeling and get rid of it; however, the queen oscilates in this desire, since her delirious speeches reveal hidden erotic desires. Being able both to reflect and to especulate about human action, she is, however, cheated by the sophisticated discourse of her nurse. Hippolytus\'s long speech is examined, what shows him hating women, and, at the same time, desiring now that they don\'t exist at all, now that they couldn\'t use verbal language. The letter left by Phaedra when she commited suicide and which was found beside her corpse, assumes, with her death, the meaning of point of support for the accusation of Hippolytus. Theseus acts as a misreader of this document and its context, pronouncing an unfair judgment. The translation that follows the present analytic-interpretative study, works both as its basis and its complementation and explanation, since it is simultaneous to the study in its genesis and solidary in its intention.

No description available.

Thése-- Universit́e de Paris. / "Bibliographie"; p. [157]-163.

Si rapprocher Phèdre et la femme de Putiphar peut sembler surprenant, cette étude a mis en évidence la gémellité structurelle de leurs histoires et une probable origine commune : l’affrontement d’Ishtar et Gilgamesh au 2e millénaire av. J.C. Le motif de la tentatrice refoulée qui se venge s’est ensuite décliné en deux branches d’évolution, l’une proche-orientale donnant l’épisode de la femme de Putiphar, et l’autre grecque produisant le mythe de Phèdre. Si l’histoire littéraire privilégie parfois l’une ou l’autre, une bipartition finit par s’observer, la femme de Putiphar s’arrogeant le 19e siècle et Phèdre le 20e. L’origine de la tentatrice biblique explique en partie le phénomène. Proche-orientale à une époque où s’exerce une fascination pour l’Orient, héritière d’une misogynie chrétienne séculaire et d’une influence sadienne, la figure entre en résonance avec le mythe de la femme fatale qui s’élabore dans la deuxième partie du siècle. Car face aux premiers soubresauts féministes, les hommes répondent à ce qu’ils ressentent comme une invasion par la fabrication de toutes pièces d’une figure féminine fantasmée et caricaturale : les avatars de l’Egyptienne deviennent des séductrices frénétiques. Mais la Première Guerre mondiale procède à un rééquilibrage et Phèdre revient en force. Investie de nouvelles croyances, elle se fait l’écho de la condition féminine. Agent du bouleversement, elle incarne le Désir et la réalisation globale du sujet féminin. Revendiquant une nouvelle place dans la société, balayant l’ordre ancien, portant des valeurs politiques et humaines éternelles, cette nouvelle Phèdre brille dans un 20e siècle chaotique comme une héroïne intemporelle. / Even if comparing Phaedra and Potiphar’s wife seems to be strange, this study has pointed out the structural similarity of their stories and probably a same origin : the confrontation between Ishtar and Gilgamesh in the 2nd millennium B.C. The pattern of the rejected temptress who takes revenge has split and has taken two directions. In the Near East, it became the Potiphar’s wife motif and in the Greek area Phaedra’s myth. Through literary history, the preference has gone sometimes to one, sometimes to the other, until this amazing situation : Potiphar’s wife overruns the 19th century and Phaedra the 20th. The origin of the biblical temptress explains the phenomenon. She’s oriental during a period in which Europe is fascinated by Orient and Orientalism. Furthermore, she has inherited Christian ancestral misogyny and Sade’s influence. Finally, the figure meets the myth of the femme fatale born in the second part of the century. In fact, in reaction to the beginnings of feminism as if it were an invasion, men build a phantasie of feminine Evil. And Potiphar’s wife and its avatars become lustful seductresses. But first Word War balances the situation and Phaedra comes back. Embodying new beliefs, she echoes back the female condition. Subversive, personifying Desire and the fulfilment of the feminine, claiming for a new place in society, sweeping ancient rules, embodying political and timeless human values, this new Phaedra is in the middle of this chaotic 20th century a bright and eternal heroine.

The purpose of this thesis is to uncover the meaning of the difference between original versions and translations of two texts from Publius Ovidius Naso's Heroides, "Phyllis to Demophoon" and "Phaedra to Hippolytus." The first chapter describes John Dryden's system of translational practices and some theoretical issues surrounding literary translation and its critical interpretation. Even though translations have connections to the source text to some degree, each product of translation is a literary artifact on its own. The second chapter uses three translations of "Phyllis to Demophoon" by respectively Wye Saltonstall, Edward Pooley, and Edward Floyd as case studies demonstrating the variety of literary works that can originate from a single source text. The third chapter interprets Thomas Otway's translation of "Phaedra to Hippolytus" against Ovid's original in order to reveal the extensive presence of a certain characteristic irony in Otway's text. Otway also effectively translates Ovid's witty subtext.