Este estudo buscou uma compreensão acerca do fenômeno vício. Pela perspectiva da Fenomenologia Existencial, a pergunta sobre o que do ser do vício implica na descrição da forma pela qual este fenômeno se dá a ver, o como. O vício pôde ser explicitado em um caráter singular, pela experiência no contato com um homem viciado em cocaína, João. O percurso desse contato foi narrado a partir das considerações de Walter Benjamin sobre a narrativa e o narrador. O vício pôde ser compreendido como uma experiência dissonante, na qual a emergência da droga dissolve a urgência no cuidado próprio. Inapropriado do cuidado de si, o viciado incumbe àqueles ao redor da responsabilidade para a tarefa, na mesma medida em que se apresenta como uma ferramenta para a droga. Contudo, através dos suportes para sua sustentação, pode lançar-se no angustiante empreendimento de deixar de ser quem é para realizar-se como ser de possibilidades / Through the Existential Phenomenology´s perspective, the question what is the addiction´s being implies on the description over the way this phenomenon appears to sight, the how. The addiction could be made explicit in a singular character, through the experience from the contact with a cocaine addicted man, João. The course of this contact has been narrated using Walter Benjamin´s considerations regarding narrative and narrator. The addiction could be comprehended as a dissonant experience, in which the drugs emergency dissolves the own care´s urgency. Ill-fated on the self care, the addicted delegates to those around the responsibility for this task, to the same extent which he presents himself as a tool for the drug. Nevertheless, through the backings for his sustenance, he can leap into the anguishing enterprise of letting be who he is, to actualize himself as a being made of possibilities

Partimos neste estudo de uma reflexão que levanta uma hipótese de um diagrama de pensamento da mente do universo que se insere no mundo, fazendo-se cognoscível em uma lógica que estabelece um continuo que pode ser observado pelas categorias presentes na Fenomenologia de Charles Sanders Peirce, onde a Arte reconhece sua gênese nas formas do desenho do mundo que encontra na sua coreografia, os ecos da musica do cosmo, abrigando nessas formas o próprio corpo da escultura da mente inserida, fazendo-se ouvida. Procuramos percorrer uma investigação que parte da totalidade, no sentido de contemplação presente, procurando uma lógica do sentir, na primeiridade, porém compreendido não como, algo que necessita de um desligar-se mais, sim como algo que já existe em latência, que é de fato, a consciência plena dessa totalidade e que tem como propósito a evolução, e ainda nessa categoria procuramos como parte integrante da lógica da criação, nas qualidades, as possibilidades sendo o que germina de uma maneira sem resíduos e também, a necessidade do acaso com seu caráter de liberdade que gera o novo. Entendendo as categorias como uma conjunção de um percurso lógico, onde por vezes se sobrepõem, a segundidade, nos trás a alteridade que se manifesta na forma de um desenho que objeta , que também reage de uma maneira propiciando o entendimento do outro, no presente estudo, onde se faz cognoscível o ritmo do som à dança, onde o desenho conhece a escultura que está fora e dentro dele e como que os objetos pensados pelo universal, se definem, e agem, portanto onde se realiza uma sinestesia dos sentidos da arte, onde o movimento é som que compõe um quadro, onde poderíamos falar das cores sem dizer a elas que a estávamos vendo, apenas sentindo, buscaríamos na experiência não perder o sublime da contemplação, possível através da arte, pois que elas mesmas no mundo, se fazem assim. E buscamos através das qualidades e relações existentes uma conduta, a terceira categoria, onde será possível visualizar um hábito de criação na arte presente no mundo. Quais elementos dessa construção de pensamento permanecem ao longo do tempo, e como que dentro dessa conduta o acaso será o fator que germinará uma mudança capaz de ser realizada não por uma necessidade proveniente do erro, mas por uma finalidade, por um próprio impulso genético de uma mente do universo que busca sempre a evolução. / We depart, in this study, from a reflection which raises an hypothesis of a diagram of thought of the Spirit of the universe that embodies itself in the world, thus making itself cognoscible by a logic that establishes a continuum which can be observed through the categories present in the Phenomenology of Charles Sanders Peirce (1839-1914), where Art recognizes its genesis in the form of the design of the world, which finds in its choreography the echoes of the music of the cosmos, harboring in those forms the body of sculpture of the inserted mind, thus making itself heard. We will try to cover an investigation that departs from the whole, in the sense of the contemplation of the present, thus through a logic of feeling, Firstness, yet understood not as something which needs to free itself, but as something that exists in latency, which is, in fact, the full consciousness of this totality, and which has, as its telos, self-evolution; and, still within this category, we will try, as an integral part of the logic of creation, present in the qualities, the possibilities, for they are the ones which germinate in such a way, without residues as well as, the need of chance with its character of freedom, which brings about that which is novel in the world. We will think about the deconstruction of the concept as a way of looking which builds relations that escape the common habits of thought. We will think of the categories as a set of a logic route, where, at times, Secondness overlaps, bringing us otherness, which manifests itself in the manner of a drawing that objects, which also reacts in such a way that it provides us the understanding of the other. In the present study, where the dance makes itself cognoscible from the sound to the rhythm, where the drawing knows the sculpture that is within and without it, as if these objects were thought by the universal, thus defining and acting themselves, therefore, where there is a synesthesia of the senses of Art, where movement is sound that composes a picture, where one can speak of colors without telling them that we were looking at them, only by feeling them, we would seek, in experience, not to lose the sublime of the contemplation, something possible through Art, for they are embodied in the world. And, we will try to show, through the qualities and existing relations in conduct, the Third category, where it will be possible to visualize a habit of creation in the Art present in the world, a one capable of elucidating the understanding of its construction process. Which elements of this construction of thought 8 remain as time goes by, and how, within this conduct, is chance a factor that will germinate (bring about) a change capable of becoming, not by a necessity which comes from a mistake, but by a finality, by a self genetic impulse of the mind of the universe, which always seeks to evolve?

A pesquisa pretende investigar o significado e a origem da influência de Carl Stumpf na terceira investigação lógica intitulada Sobre a teoria dos todos e das partes(Zur Lehre von den Ganzen und Teilen), publicada em 1901, buscando relacioná-la ao desenvolvimento anterior do pensamento de Husserl. Serão abordados o surgimento dos conceitos de auto-suficiência (Selbständigkeit) e não auto-suficiência (Unselbständigkeit) no contexto do problema da origem da representação de espaço e da obra de Stumpf referida ao tema; a interpretação de Husserl destes conceitos; e seu papel sistemático do ponto de vista da evolução da filosofia husserliana em seu período inicial / This research intends to investigate the meaning and origin of the influence of Carl Stumpf on the third logical investigation, entitled On the theory of Wholes and Parts(Zur Lehre von den Ganzen und Teilen), published in 1901, trying to relate it do the former development of Husserls thought. It will be taken into account the birth of the concepts of independence (Selbständigkeit) and dependence (Unselbständigkeit) in the context of the problem of the origin of the representation of space and Stumpfs work related to this theme; the interpretation Husserl gives to these concepts; and their systematic role from the point of view of the evolution of the husserlian philosophy on its initial period

O diagnóstico de insuficiência renal crônica (IRC) inaugura para quem o experimenta uma passagem irreversível ao mundo dos doentes, alterando a relação do acometido com seu próprio corpo. Trata-se de uma doença incurável, cujo tratamento consiste em intervenções permanentes ao longo da vida do paciente, como dependência de máquinas para substituição da função renal, intervenções cirúrgicas, ingestão diária de medicamentos e adoção de restrições dietéticas. Os familiares de crianças em tratamento dialítico peritoneal domiciliar têm assumido significativa sobrecarga nos cuidados oferecidos à criança, o que resulta em desgaste emocional, vivências de culpa e estresse familiar. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste estudo é compreender as vivências de mães de crianças portadores de insuficiência renal crônica, seus modos de existir frente ao tratamento dialítico e possibilidade de transplante renal. O estudo foi conduzido segundo a metodologia de investigação fenomenológica, que consiste na apreensão do fenômeno tal como ele se manifesta para a pessoa que o vivencia, buscando captar os significados atribuídos por ela ao seu existir. Foram entrevistadas 5 mães de crianças e adolescentes com IRC em tratamento dialítico peritoneal no Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto Universidade de São Paulo (HC/FMRP-USP), a partir da questão norteadora: \"Como a senhora vem vivenciando esse momento na sua vida?\". As entrevistas foram analisadas segundo o método de análise da estrutura do fenômeno situado, proposto por Martins & Bicudo (1989), Giorgi (1985) e Valle (1997), revelando-se as seguintes categorias temáticas: inaugurando o existir com a doença e o tratamento do filho; integrando-se ao cotidiano de tratamento: significar para conviver; cuidando do filho: proporcionar e legitimar sua vitalidade; reconhecendo o próprio enfrentamento: buscas e conquistas, e um vislumbre sobre os vínculos - memoráveis alianças: das conquistadas às rompidas. Foi utilizado como referencial teórico algumas idéias de Martin Heidegger, bem como de outros autores que se fundamentaram nele. O estudo possibilitou compreender algumas facetas do existir dessas mães nas relações de cuidado estabelecidas com a criança doente, apreendendo os significados atribuídos por elas a uma doença incurável, ao seu tratamento e às repercussões dessa realidade em suas vidas e na vida de seus filhos. / The Chronic Renal Failure diagnosis (CRF) inaugurates in a person who experiences an irreversible crossing to the disease world, altering the relation of the sick person with his/her body. It is an incurable disease, which treatment consists in permanent interventions along the life of the patient as reliance of devices to substitute the renal function, surgical interventions, and daily ingestion of medicine and adoption of restriction dietary. The children families in ambulatory peritoneal dialysis treatment have assumed significant surcharge in the carefulness offered to the child, which results in emotional weariness, guilt experiences and familiar stress. The goal in this study, in context is to comprehend the experiences of Chronic Renal Failure holder children mother, their way to exist facing the dialysis treatment and the possibility of the renal transplant. The study was led according to the phenomenological investigation methodology, that consists in apprehension of the phenomenon such as it reveals to the person who experiences it, seeking to catch the meanings ascribed to her/him on his/her existence. Five mothers with CRF children and adolescents were interviewed in peritoneal dialysis treatment in the clinical hospital in the Faculty of Medicine of \"Ribeirão Preto\". University of São Paulo (HC/FMRP/ USP), from the question: \"How have you been experiencing this moment of your life?\" the interviews were analysed according to the method of analysis of the stated phenomenon structure, proposed by Martin & Bicudo (1989), Giorgi (1985) and Valle (1997), developing such thematic categories: inaugurating to live with the disease and the treatment of the child; integrating into the treatment everyday: to mean to \"live on\" , caring for the child: offering and recognizing his/her vitality, admitting the own coping quests and conquests, glimpsing the links memorable alliances: from the conquered to broken. Some ideas of Martin Heidegger were used as theorical references, as well as from others authors that have the same idea as him. The study enabled the comprehension of some facets of the mothers experiences on their relation of caring established with a sick child, seizing the meanings ascribed by them to an incurable sick, its treatment and repercussion of this reality on their lives and on the life of their children.

Trata-se de uma intersecção entre as reflexões acerca da subjetividade e a poesia portuguesa escrita por três autores do século XX: Artur do Cruzeiro Seixas, Herberto Helder e Mário Cesariny de Vasconcelos. Tomando como ponto de partida as considerações acerca da subjetividade inscritas na modernidade filosófica conforme estabelecidas pela filosofia cartesiana a pesquisa tem por objetivo subverter a visada racionalista, mediante as diretrizes da fenomenologia de Maurice Merleau-Ponty, e promover um elo entre corpo perceptivo e sujeito poético. Para tanto, importa considerar de que modo as figurações do corpo contribuem, na poética dos três autores mencionados, para uma ideia de constituição subjetiva mediante a escrita poética. Tendo em vista a linguagem poética como constituinte subjetivo, faz-se necessário refletir acerca das dobras da linguagem e da metalinguagem implicada nos processos de subjetivação. / This thesis proposes a theoretical approach that examines the intersection between the reflection of subjectivity and language, which I will analyze in the Portuguese poetry of twentieth century writers Artur do Cruzeiro Seixas, Herberto Helder and Mario Cesariny de Vasconcelos. Taking as a starting point, the philosophical debates over subjectivity as established by Cartesian philosophy, this paper aims to subvert its rationalism through the phenomenology guidelines of Maurice Merleau-Ponty. I promote a link between perceptive body and poetical subject. I argue that the body\'s figurations contribute to the poetics of the three authors mentioned and enables an idea of subjective constitution through poetical writing. Once the poetical language is considered as a subjective constituent, I then reflect on the folds of language and metalanguage implicated in the processes that constitute subjectivity.

Thesis advisor: John Sallis / The present dissertation explores the motif of gesture and demonstrates that it encompasses the resonances between the works of Heidegger and Merleau-Ponty. My thesis specifically is that the notion of gesture articulates the problems of art and language, revealing fundamental convergences in the ways in which Heidegger and Merleau-Ponty investigate a non-metaphysical approach to the sensible and question the limits of philosophy. I develop this argument by closely following Merleau-Ponty's reading of Heidegger's works in the lecture-notes from his courses at the Collège de France. I also rely heavily on Heidegger's reflections on gesture and the body as they are depicted in the Zollikon seminars, considering that some of these reflections retrieve crucial arguments from Being and Time and that they bear a significant resemblance to Merleau-Ponty's understanding of the body. In this way, I elucidate what may be called the gestural character of the work of art and language, establishing structural connections between the texts of these two thinkers. This dissertation is divided into three parts. I devote the first part to the themes of the body and gesture and show that the concept of form and the problem of perception lead to questions concerning the possibilities of a phenomenology of the body. I conclude this part by arguing that, for both Heidegger and Merleau-Ponty, the notion of gesture corresponds to a phenomenological approach to the body as openness to the world and as an affective milieu. Departing from the arguments and comparisons delineated in the first part, in the second and third parts I examine separately the works of Heidegger and Merleau-Ponty in order to determine the settings of the notion of gesture within their respective approaches to art and language. The second part treats problems concerning the sensible character of the work of art, arguing that gestures perform a poetical disclosure of nature. In the third part I focus on questions of language and demonstrate that gestures unfold what could be called the logos of the sensible, which constitutes the primary source of language and meaning. I conclude by interpreting Heidegger's work as a gestural philosophy that emphasizes the performative dimension of language, an emphasis that is missing from Merleau-Ponty's work. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2014. / Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Philosophy.

Thesis advisor: Richard Kearney / What does the word of the cross mean for philosophical anthropology? That is my question in this dissertation, which undertakes a philosophical engagement with a word that is both a scandal and folly for philosophical wisdom. My task is to give a hermeneutical description of what I call the cruciform self, and to examine the significance of the cross for several key themes of philosophical anthropology. Because my focus is thematic, I engage with several interlocutors--most prominently Paul Ricoeur and Dietrich Bonhoeffer, but also Luther, Kierkegaard, Heidegger, Levinas, and Charles Taylor. Given the pronounced theological aspects of this project, a recurring theme is the relation between philosophy and faith, reason and revelation. The word of the cross interrogates anthropology as well as philosophy, and so I present a hermeneutics of the cruciform self as well as a distinctly cruciform philosophy. Chapter 1 outlines the hermeneutical turn in philosophical anthropology, and argues that the self is constituted in being addressed by an external word. Chapter 2 then draws on Luther's theology of the cross to sketch an ontology of justification by faith, in which the self is constituted by eschatological possibility rather than achieved actuality, and stands outside of itself with its identity in another, in promise rather than presence. Chapter 3 interprets sin and evil according to the image of incurvature--i.e., the self curved in on itself, cut off from its true relations to God, others, and itself. Chapter 4 then argues that this incurvature must be broken open by an external word. There I draw on Bonhoeffer's phenomenological christology, which identifies this word as Christ, the Counter-Logos who reverses the intentionality and interrogation of the immanent human logos. The chapters in Part II then use Bonhoeffer's account of the ultimate and the penultimate to show how the word of the cross refigures philosophical thinking about the concreteness and continuity of faith (Ch.5), human capability, agency, and ethical responsibility (Ch.6), reflexivity, self-understanding, and intentionality (Ch.7), and the tension between faith and religion (Ch.8). / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2009. / Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Philosophy.

Thesis advisor: Richard Cobb-Stevens / In this dissertation, I develop an engaged understanding of objectivity, or good knowledge practices. I argue that for knowledge practices to be good, they must both be truth-conducive and engaged, that is, explicitly implicated in the critical appraisal of background values and assumptions. I pursue this argument in six stages. First, I consider work in epistemology that countenances a place for values in objectivity. I conclude from this that truth-conduciveness is not sufficient for objectivity, and that a social approach to knowledge is called for. Second, I consider standpoint theory, a prominent feminist approach to objectivity. This allows me to show the possible insights available to marginalized perspectives, while indicating that this will be a component of rather than itself offering an account of objectivity. Third, I consider a more comprehensive approach in Helen Longino's critical contextual empiricism, which locates objectivity in the social features of inquiry. Her approach is promising, but requires the insights of early phenomenology in order to develop that potential. I develop the phenomenological framework in Chapter 4, where I consider Husserlian phenomenology. Fifth, I bring the insights of phenomenology to the challenges presented by critical contextual empiricism, and develop my positive view, critical phenomenological objectivity. On this view, inquiry is objective when individuals and communities foster critical perspectives, seek transformative epistemic experiences, build coalitions, foster diversity, and pursue empirical adequacy. In the final chapter, I consider a case study that enables me to defend the merit and warrant of these features of objectivity. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2009. / Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Philosophy.

Thesis advisor: Philip G. Altbach / This is a phenomenological study of ten graduate international students at Chardin University (pseudonym). Through 30 in-depth interviews, multiple social contacts, and group and member checking sessions, stories emerged that highlight the social experiences of these graduate international students through their transient lives. Theoretical frameworks used to interpret the findings were transnationalism, adult transitional theory, and the graduate socialization model. This study provides a forum for participants to narrate their stories instead of being invisible and silent as they pass through our institutional corridors. What emerged from these narratives is that graduate international students cannot be grouped as one monolithic entity because they all lead variant and divergent lives. This research enumerates the intricacies, shades, and textures of their lives as they persist, succeed, and develop identities. In the past, graduate international students' social experiences have been portrayed in an oversimplified fashion, when in fact such students lead extremely complex lives as they negotiate a world that comprises both home and host country. Strongly lacking in the realm of social experiences have been meaningful relationships with American peers (looking beyond superficial ones), the university, and the local community. Operating within transnational social fields, regular prolonged conversations with family and friends from home tend to prevent participants from seeking out new connections in the United States. Most participants find comfort within their own ethnic enclaves, leading to cross-cultural isolation, which is still prevalent after decades of research conducted on this population. This study challenges universities to forge new pathways to engage with this vital and vibrant student body in meaningful, innovative, and creative ways. It is the responsibility of institutions of higher learning to understand the intricacies of their lives, as well as differences in religion, language, and socialization patterns. Universities need to find new ways to stay relevant in the lives of graduate international students during their tenure in the United States. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2010. / Submitted to: Boston College. Lynch School of Education. / Discipline: Educational Leadership and Higher Education.

O presente estudo busca lançar luz ao significado de ser uma pessoa diabética sob a ótica de quem vivencia essa situação. Para tanto, dirigiu-se para as experiências vividas por essas pessoas, em seu conviver com a doença. Fundamentada no referencial teórico-metodológico da investigação fenomenológica, a pesquisa direcionou-se para essas pessoas, entrevistandoas e obtendo depoimentos à uma pergunta norteadora: \"O que é isto, ser uma pessoa diabética? Descreva para mim.\" Na busca pela subjetividade do existir dessas pessoas, o estudo propôs, assim, a um deslocamento de análise da diabetes sob a ótica de um fato para a de um fenômeno. A coleta de dados ocorreu na cidade de San Luis Potosí, no México,no Instituto Mexicano de Seguro Social \"Francisco Padrón Poyuo\", envolvendo pacientes que participavam de um grupo de apoio. A análise dos depoimentos foi realizada conforme o preconizado pelos fundamentos da fenomenologia, possibilitando a construção de categorias temáticas que apontaram para a essência do significado do conviver com a doença. Os resultados abrem perspectivas para transformações em várias esferas de assistência a essas pessoas, o que inclui o resgate da subjetividade, o repensar a formação dos profissionais de saúde e posturas mais efetivas de acolhimento e construção de políticas de saúde. / The present study aims to throw a light on the meaning of the diabetic person, from the standpoint of who lives that situation. Therefore, he went to look for the experiences these people, the living with the disease. Grounded in the theoretical - methodological reference of phenomenological research, the research looked at people the disease, and getting the interview narratives Blasting starting with a question: Could you describe for me What is this, to be a diabetic person?. In the quest for subjectivity to exist of these people, the study suggested, a movement analysis of the experiences of diabetes mellitus, from the standpoint of an event into a phenomenon. Obtaining the information was held in the city of San Luis Potosi, Mexico, the Mexican Institute of Social Security, \"Francisco Padron Poyou\" with patients participating in a support group. Data analysis was performed according to the fundamentals of phenomenology, there by enabling the construction of thematic categories that enabled get to the essence of the meaning of living with the disease. The findings offer prospects for change in several areas of assistance to these individuals, who allow the rescue of subjectivity, or rethink the training of health professionals as well as a more effective care and construction of health policies.