The purpose of this study was to gain an in-depth understanding of student, parent and educator perceptions of the effectiveness of the Barton Reading Spelling System. Two research questions were addressed in the study: (a) what are the students’, parents’, and educators’ perceptions of BRSS? and (b) what issues influence the effectiveness of the BRSS? Findings for the first research question included (a) positive effect on spelling, (b) positive effect on decoding and print vocabulary, (c) positive effect on reading fluency, (d) positive effect on writing fluency, (e) positive effect on students’ confidence, (f) positive effect on students’ motivations to read and write, (g) positive influence on reading comprehension if comprehension problems due to decoding deficits, and (h) no effect on oral vocabulary. Findings for the second research question included (a) the methodology, layout and training of the BRSS had a positive influence; (b) tutors’ level of experience, consistency of tutoring, level of instruction, communication with others, value in the program, and relationship with the tutee had an influence; (c) student characteristics of ADHD had a negative influence; and (d) lack of tutor support, education to teachers and parents and application of skills outside of BRSS tutoring had a negative influence. Implications of the study included (a) effectiveness of the BRSS with remediating decoding issues and reading comprehension issues directly related to decoding problems; (b) need for more teacher education on remediating basic reading problems; (c) the careful selection and support of tutors for the BRSS; (d) need for communication and collaboration among all teachers, tutors, and parents of students on BRSS; and (e) need for additional studies on the BRSS in larger samples sizes and in different settings.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

本研究之目的在於評量中文與英文之「聲韻覺識」（phonological awareness）能力，以探討幼兒在不同英語教學法下的學習效果。「年齡」與「教學法」對「聲韻覺識」能力影響的差異。研究對象，為接受不同英語教學法的學前幼兒（大班生與中班生），一者採固定時間進行英語教學，定位英語為語言學習教材之一，稱之為M系統；一為採全時間教英語的機構，且定位英語為學習其他科目的媒介，稱之為W系統。測驗工具乃參酌胡潔芳教授提供之「聲韻覺識測驗」，經改編後共分八項分測驗--「中文音節刪除、英文音節刪除、中文音素刪除、英文音素刪除、中文音節替代、英文音節替代、中文音素替代與英文音素替代」。研究資料除了測驗成績之外，尚有教學現場之觀察資料，及兩系統之主管與教師之訪談文本，以了解不同英語教學法在教學內涵上之實質差異。 研究結果顯示，中文聲韻覺識能力，有「年齡」的差異，大班生表現優於中班生；「教學法」的差異，發生在中文「音素覺識」，M系統幼兒優於W系統。英文聲韻覺識能力，有「年齡」上的差異，大班生優於中班生，但無教學法上的差異。加測「注音符號」測驗，結果顯示有「年齡」與「教學法」上的差異，大班生比中班生好，M系統幼兒比W系統幼兒好，比較兩系統教學內涵的差異後，顯示M系統幼兒中文聲韻覺識能力表現較佳與「注音符號」教學有關；英文聲韻覺識能力無教學法上的差異，英文教學時間長短不影響聲韻覺識能力。研究結果似乎指出，真正影響中文與英文聲韻覺識能力發展的是年齡。 由於「聲韻覺識能力」的重要性，幼兒英語教學與學習，以培養「聲韻覺識」能力為出發點的教學內容應該要被參考，但基於年齡的限制，聲韻覺識教學，並不急於小班時期或中班初期開始。關於聲韻覺識的教學，文中另有討論。 關鍵詞：英語教學法，學前幼兒，聲韻覺識 / The purpose of this study is to investigate English learning effect of young children in Taiwan by means of examining the influence of age and English teaching approaches on young children’s phonological awareness in Chinese and in English. The participants consisted of the age of preschool (average five years old) and kindergarten (average six years old) children who are accepted different English language teaching approach in two schools. One school was called M school where young children were taught English partial time and English was one kind of language teaching materials. The other was called W school where young children were taught all time and learn everything in English. The results indicate that the age significantly affects on young children’s phonological awareness in Chinese and the teaching approach significantly affects on young children’s phonemic awareness in Chinese. The age significantly affects on young children’s phonological awareness in English. These results of this study seem to reveal that the main factor affecting on the development of young children’s phonological awareness in Chinese and in English is age. Due to the importance of phonological awareness, it should be to consider that English language teaching for young children could begin by training phonological awareness. However, based on the development of young children, it is not instant to train the capacity of phonological awareness in English language teaching. About the teaching of phonological awareness was discussed in the text. Keyword: English teaching approaches, young children, phonological awareness

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of an intervention that focuses on phonics, decoding, reading speed and phonological awareness for 8-9 year old children in reading difficulties. Participants were selected on the basis of screening test results in grade one (decoding and reading comprehension). The participants were divided into two groups, an intervention group (A1, n=10 children) and a control group (A2, n=10). A1 received 30 minutes of intense reading instruction every day for six weeks from special educational needs teachers on top of their usual classroom based reading instruction. The control group received only their usual classroom-based reading instruction. Both groups completed a pre-intervention test and a post-intervention test to determine the effect of the intervention. Both groups were tested for decoding, phonological awareness, letter/sound connection, RAN and reading speed. The results show that both groups increased their reading ability with A1 showing the bigger gain. The intervention had significant effect after six weeks training on decoding words and non-words, and a tendency to significance for reading speed. The findings highlight the importance of early structural phonological training to accomplish and strengthen children’s reading speed and decoding ability, especially for children in reading difficulties.

I detta arbete beskrivs ett projekt som syftade till att skapa bokstavssånger som ökar elevernas kunskap om bokstavsljuden och bidrar till språkutveckling samt fonologisk medvetenhet, vilket i sin tur kan stödja läs- och skrivinlärningen. Sångerna ska också vara roliga, meningsfulla och inbjuda till delaktighet. Projektet startades under mitt tredje år på Grundlärarprogrammet vid Uppsala universitet, då jag under 7 veckor hade min tredje och sista verksamhetsförlagda utbildning (VFU) i en förskoleklass i Uppsala. Projektet fortsatte även resten av våren som en del av min utbildning, då jag läste kursen Självständigt arbete 1 på 15 hp och valde att tillverka ett pedagogiskt material. Bokstavssångerna riktar sig mot elever och lärare i förskoleklass och årskurs 1, och är tänkt som ett komplement till övrig språkundervisning (exempelvis enligt Bornholmsmodellen) samt övrig musikundervisning. I arbetet argumenterar jag varför musik kan (och bör) användas i språkundervisningen, bland annat genom en kortare översikt av forskning på området musik och språk. Arbetet innehåller även noter och länk till inspelningarna, en analys av vad sångerna kan tillföra befintligt material, en beskrivning av produktutvecklingsprocessen samt en diskussion kring arbetet och resulterande sånger och lärdomar. / The aim of the project described in this report was to create letter songs that increase students' knowledge of letter sounds and contributes to their development of language and phonological awareness, which in turn can support students who are learning to read and write. The songs should be fun to sing, meaningful and invite the students to participate. The project was started during my third year at the Primary School Teacher Education Programme at Uppsala University, and during my last and 7 weeks long teaching internship in a preschool class in Uppsala. The project continued for the rest of the semester as a part of my first (of two) Independent Project when I chose to create a pedagogical product.The letter songs are aimed towards students and teachers in preschool class and grade 1, and is meant to complement other language instruction (for example, in accordance with the Bornholm model) and other music instruction. In the report I argue that music can (and should) be used in language instruction, and the argument is among other things supported by an overview of studies and research about music and language. The report also contains sheet music and a link to recordings, an analysis of what these songs contributes to existing songs, an description of the product development process and a discussion of the project and resulting songs and lessons learned.

A análise da literatura demonstra acentuado interesse no conhecimento de como acontece a aprendizagem da leitura e da escrita, e como é possível contribuir para que seu ensino ocorra com fundamento na identificação das habilidades cognitivas e linguísticas subjacentes a essa aprendizagem. A perspectiva do letramento emergente considera que competências linguísticas, metalinguísticas e conhecimentos sobre a linguagem escrita, desenvolvidos precocemente nas crianças, antes de seu ingresso no ensino fundamental, podem facilitar o processo de alfabetização. Dessa forma, a etapa pré-escolar constitui um período particularmente propício para o desenvolvimento dessas competências e alguns programas educacionais vêm sendo desenvolvidos com essa finalidade. Este estudo visou investigar os efeitos do Programa DECOLE, voltado para o desenvolvimento das competências de letramento emergente, sobre as habilidades de consciência fonológica, conhecimento de letras, vocabulário e compreensão oral, de alunos da Educação Infantil. A metodologia utilizada contemplou um delineamento com pré-teste, intervenção e pós-testes 1 e 2. Participaram do estudo 37 crianças com idade média de 5,4 anos (DP = 3,6 meses), alunos de duas turmas do último ano de uma pré-escola pública do interior de São Paulo. Tanto no pré-teste quanto nos pós-testes foram aplicados testes para avaliar as seguintes habilidades de letramento emergente: consciência fonológica, vocabulário, compreensão oral e conhecimento de letras. Após o pré-teste, os participantes foram divididos, de forma balanceada em relação às habilidades avaliadas, em grupo 1 (G1) e grupo 2 (G2). Aos participantes alocados no G1 foi aplicado pela pesquisadora, durante o primeiro semestre letivo, o Programa DECOLE. Devido a uma greve de servidores municipais, com o G1 foram realizadas apenas 24 sessões de intervenção, tendo sido desenvolvido cerca de 50% do Programa. Nesse período, os alunos do G2 participaram somente das atividades de rotina, com as professoras. No início do segundo semestre letivo foi realizado o pós-teste 1 avaliando as mesmas habilidades de letramento emergente em todos os participantes. Em seguida, os alunos do G2 passaram pela intervenção, tendo sido possível desenvolver com esse grupo cerca de 90% do Programa, durante 38 sessões. Ao final da intervenção com o G2, novamente todos os participantes foram avaliados através das mesmas provas, durante o pós-teste 2. Os dados foram analisados quantitativamente, através de técnicas de análise estatística descritiva e inferencial, a fim de comparar o desempenho dos grupos, visando identificar as relações de causa e efeito entre as variáveis estudadas e a contribuição do Programa sobre as habilidades de letramento emergente consideradas. Os resultados obtidos no pós-teste 1 não mostraram diferenças significativas entre o G1 e o G2, embora o G1 tenha obtido resultados superiores ao G2 em todas as habilidades avaliadas, com exceção do teste de nomeação, utilizado para avaliar o vocabulário expressivo. Observaram-se, entretanto, no pós-teste 2, diferenças significativas a favor do G2 no desempenho em consciência fonológica e compreensão oral, sugerindo a eficácia do programa para o desenvolvimento dessas competências de letramento emergente / The analysis of the literature demonstrates a great interest in the knowledge of how reading and writing learning happens, and how it is possible to contribute to their teaching, based on the identification of the cognitive and linguistic abilities that underlie this learning. The emergent literacy perspective considers that the linguistics and metalinguistics skills and the knowledge about written developed by children before their entry into primary school can facilitate the literacy process. In this way, the preschool stage is a particularly propitious period for the development of these competencies and some educational programs have been developed for this purpose. This study aimed to investigate the effects of the DECOLE Program, aimed at the development of emerging literacy skills, on the phonological awareness, letter knowledge, vocabulary and oral comprehension of students in Early Childhood Education. The methodology used included the following stages: pre-test, intervention and post-tests 1 and 2. Participants were 37 children with a mean age of 5.4 years (SD = 3.6 months), students from two classes of the last year of a public pre-school in the interior of São Paulo. Both in the pre-test and in the post-tests there were assessed the following emergent literacy skills: phonological awareness, vocabulary, oral comprehension and letter knowledge. After the pre-test, the participants were divided, in a balanced way in relation to the skills evaluated, in group 1 (G1) and group 2 (G2). To the participants allocated in the G1 it was applied by the researcher, during the first semester, the DECOLE Program. Due to a municipal server strike, only 24 intervention sessions were carried out with the G1, and approximately 50% of the Program was developed. During this period, G2 students participated only in routine activities with the teachers. At the beginning of the second semester, post-test 1 was applied, evaluating the same emergent literacy skills in all participants. After that, the G2 students went through the intervention, and it was possible to develop about 90% of the program for 38 sessions. At the end of the G2 intervention, all participants were again evaluated through the same tests during post-test 2. Data were analyzed quantitatively using descriptive and inferential statistical analysis techniques to compare the performance of the groups, aiming to identify the causal relationships between the variables studied and the Program\'s contribution to the emerging literacy skills considered. The results obtained in post-test 1 did not show significant differences between G1 and G2, although G1 obtained superior results in all the skills evaluated, except for the naming test used to evaluate expressive vocabulary. However, in post-test 2, there were significant differences in favor of G2 in performance of phonological awareness and oral comprehension, suggesting the program\'s effectiveness in developing these emergent literacy skills

Submitted by Verena Pereira (verenagoncalves@uefs.br) on 2018-07-20T22:09:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 disserta??o vers?o final_Thayane S. C. Santana.pdf: 3181871 bytes, checksum: 674b26acd6b7595bd368c75b925c90a0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-20T22:09:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 disserta??o vers?o final_Thayane S. C. Santana.pdf: 3181871 bytes, checksum: 674b26acd6b7595bd368c75b925c90a0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-07 / The present study investigates the relationship between writting and phonological awareness before and after applying an intervention program in ten 6-7 year-old children,, from 1st year of Elementary School (Key stage 1 Year 1), from the same classroom of a private midsize School, located in the peripheral l zone of Feira de Santana city, Bahia state, Brazil. Phonological awareness is understood to be the ability to reflect and manipulate speech sounds, at the syllable and phoneme levels. The written was analyzed according to proposed written stages by Ferreiro and Teberosky (1998) and the misspelling was evaluated according Cagliari (1997). Phonological awareness was evaluated using the ?CONFIAS test ? Sequential Evaluated Instrument of Phonological awareness? proposed by Moojen et alii (2014). The intervention program is a CONFIAS adaptation suggested by Cardoso and Capellini (2009). The goal of this research is to describe the student performance in an isolated word dictation; to analyse the performance in CF tasks; to identify used strategies from subjects in the CF tests; to compare the results before and after the intervention program application; to verify whether there is some relationship between the results of CF tests and misspelling. As theoretical contribution, mainly, the manuscripts were used by Cagliari (1997), Ferreiro and Teberosky (1998), Morais (2000), Moreira (2013), Moojen et alii (2014) and Pepe (2014). The results found even though they were literate, children still had difficulties performing the task of phonemic segmentation; the intervention contributed, above all, to the performance of the subjects in the tasks at the phonemic level; the tasks involving rhyme and segmentation of phonemes are the most complex to perform; the children use strategies in trying to achieve the CF tasks; errors of two natures were found in the word dictation data: misuse of letters and modification of the segmental structure. This research contributes tor the medical and education fields, considering that it can help rehabilitation practices from patients with language disorders or learning difficulties, especially those related to writing, to understanding the difficulties associated with phonological awareness; besides offering subsidies to teachers that work with literacy classes / O presente estudo investiga a rela??o entre a escrita e a consci?ncia fonol?gica antes e ap?s um programa de interven??o aplicado em dez crian?as, com idades entre seis e sete anos, do 1? ano do Ensino Fundamental I de uma mesma classe de um col?gio particular de m?dio porte, localizada na zona perif?rica da cidade de Feira de Santana ? BA. Entende-se como consci?ncia fonol?gica a habilidade de refletir e manipular os sons da fala, nos n?veis da s?laba e fonema. A escrita foi analisada de acordo com os est?gios de escrita propostos por Ferreiro e Teberosky (1998) e os erros ortogr?ficos avaliados conforme Cagliari (1997). Para avaliar a consc?ncia fonol?gica, foi utilizado o CONFIAS ? Consci?ncia Fonol?gica Instrumento de Avalia??o Sequencial, proposto por Moojen et al. (2014). O programa de interven??o ? uma adapta??o do CONFIAS sugerido por Cardoso e Capellini (2009). A pesquisa tem como objetivos: descrever o desempenho de escolares em um ditado de palavras isoladas; analisar o desempenho em tarefas de CF; identificar as estrat?gias utilizadas pelos sujeitos no teste de CF; comparar os resultados obtidos antes e ap?s o programa de interven??o; verificar se h? rela??o entre os resultados do teste de consci?ncia fonol?gica e os erros de ortografia. Como aporte te?rico, foram utilizados, sobretudo, os trabalhos de Cagliari (1997), Ferreiro e Teberosky (1998), Morais (2000), Moreira (2013), Moojen et al. (2014), Pepe (2014). Os resultados encontrados apontam que, mesmo alfabetizadas, as crian?as permaneciam com dificuldades em executar a tarefa de segmenta??o fon?mica; a interven??o contribuiu, sobretudo, para o desempenho dos sujeitos nas tarefas no n?vel fon?mico; as tarefas que envolvem rima e segmenta??o de fonemas s?o as mais complexas de serem executadas; as crian?as utilizam estrat?gias na tentativa de acertarem as tarefas de CF; foram encontrados, nos dados do ditado de palavras, erros de duas naturezas: uso indevido de letras e modifica??o da estrutura segmental. A pesquisa contribui para os campos m?dico e educacional, tendo em vista que pode auxiliar as pr?ticas de reabilita??o para pacientes com dist?rbios da linguagem ou dificuldades de aprendizado, sobretudo relacionados ? escrita; para o entendimento das dificuldades associadas ? consci?ncia fonol?gica; al?m de oferecer subs?dios aos professores que trabalham com turmas de alfabetiza??o