Stefan Naumann Master of Architecture Mynewhome.com.au Exploring New Ways of Delivering Architecture;- Creating a Design Interface for Sustainable and Affordable Houses The aim of this research project was to explore new ways of delivering architecture and the engagement of architects in everyday, affordable, sustainable housing in Australia. This dissertation speculates on the possibility of a design system integrated with a design interface, where customers can self-configure or customise their home online with the help of embedded programs and an architect consultancy service. This can be seen as an alternative option for the homebuyer to the volume built, standard house. The design system displayed in this masters research was developed in three testing modes: speculative designs, site specific designs and user experiments. The system consists of modules and components that would have the embedded knowledge of the architect. They are intended to allow non professionals to self-arrange their homes. This was then integrated into a user interface. A construction system which allows prefabrication was then applied, but the main focus of the research was on the delivery of design and client engagement and not on the technicalities, or the realisation of a prefab system. The aim was to combine as much of the quality and advantages of a one off architecturally designed house, in particular, the consideration of user and site needs with the affordability and predictability of a completely pre-designed volume builder house. Digital design, production and marketing have the potential to make this challenge a success. This new digital way of delivering architecture could lead to houses that are more adaptable to different users and site needs than volume builder housing. The knowledge of the architect could be applied to ordinary housing, without the huge financial cost of the one off, architect designed house. The web based interface would allow customer interaction as tested in user experiments. The internet widens the possibility of the clients' involvement in the design process. These new online procurement processes are more instant and accessible and could result in an enlightened purchaser. There is the possibility to educate people, so informed decisions could be made. It could lead to houses with better orientation, engagement with new building materials, prefabrication technologies and the promotion of smaller houses resulting in more sustainable homes that are still reasonable in price. This is a very complex issue in which different experts would have to work together. However, there is a real possibility for a design interface to open up a dialogue between the architect and the general public.

Enligt uppskattningar byggs 40 % av alla projekten på Skanska Jönköping med en prefabricerad betongstomme. Detta kan anses lite i förhållande till Skanska Sverige där ca 70 % av alla projekt byggs med en prefabricerad stomme. I resterande projekt byggs betongstommarna på plats, d.v.s. de är platsgjutna stommar. I och med detta så finns det en stor potentiell utveckling för prefabricerade betongstommar inom Skanska Jönköping, men även för resterande Svenska byggföretag då 2/3 av alla flerbostadshus uppförs med en platsgjuten stomme. I rapporten tas de ekonomiska för- och nackdelarna för de olika stomtillvägagångs sätten upp, hur yttre förutsättningar kan påverka projekten och hur de mjuka parametrarna påverkar den utförande organisationen. I rapporten definieras mjuka parametrar som stress, motivation och personskador/slitage. Syftet är att underlätta valet av stomme så att det blir mer ekonomiskt hållbart, att bättre trivsel på arbetsplatsen uppnås samt att ge en ökad kunskap om prefabricerade stommar och platsgjutna stommar. Underlag för rapporten har tagits fram genom litterarutstudier och intervjuer med anställda på Skanska Jönköping med olika befattningar. Även en enkät undersökning har gjorts bland yrkesarbetarna på Asken och Atollen, två projekt som har byggts i Jönköping. Asken har en platsbyggd stomme medan Atollen har en prefabricerad stomme, dessa två har varit referensprojekt till rapporten. Den stora skillnaden mellan en prefabstomme och en platsgjuten stomme är tiden. Enligt studier kan byggtiden minska med 22 % vid prefabricering och detta medför mervärden för både samhället och företaget. För entreprenören påverkas valet av stomme av yttre förutsättningar som ritningsunderlag, erfarenhet och leverantörernas situation. Var och en av dessa kan påverka priset på prefab upp till 20 %. Från genomförd enkätundersökning på Skanska i Jönköping framgick att 69 % av yrkesarbetarna upplevde att det oftare blev övertid på platsgjutet. Ökad arbetsmängd och ökat arbetstempo leder både till stress och slitage.

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Det här examensarbetet på kandidatnivå resulterar i en undersökning av Derome AB:s nuvarande emballage till prefabricerade väggar och bjälklag. Dagens emballage för prefabväggar och bjälklag följer inte med i utvecklingen. I arbetet undersöks möjligheterna att gå från plastemballage till pappemballage genom materialstudier och med den hållbara utvecklingen i åtanke.

<p>Det här examensarbetet på kandidatnivå resulterar i en undersökning av Derome AB:s nuvarande emballage till prefabricerade väggar och bjälklag. Dagens emballage för prefabväggar och bjälklag följer inte med i utvecklingen. I arbetet undersöks möjligheterna att gå från plastemballage till pappemballage genom materialstudier och med den hållbara utvecklingen i åtanke.</p>

The aim of the thesis is to design a new and better use of the currently unkempt area former secondary industrial school in Rosice near Brno. Following the territorial study and broader analyzes new functional use, a new architectural concept will be proposed in the context of Rosice area and its involvement in the proposed development in Kamínky. Consideration will be given to the proposal capacity bypass Rosic according to the valid zoning plan in the context of the whole site, as a partial part of the Rosic core. The site has development potential with basic civic amenities and development in terms of quality and quantity corresponding to the upward interest in so-called "satellite cities" in the vicinity Brna. The proposal will apply SMART CITY principles on a small town scale and a friendly approach to the environment.

The suburb's contribution to natural resource depletion, reliance on the automobile, and disregard for social connections has been well documented in the last 10-20 years. While these depictions are often accurate, many suburbs have successfully addressed these issues by providing walkable streets and accessible communal corridors. Innovative precedents such as Village Homes, in Davis, CA, Eichler Homes, in CA, and Skinny Homes, in Portland, OR, and others, provide examples of successful suburban developments that incorporate renewable energy solutions, passive design features, and limit the development of native landscapes. This thesis aims to design a framework to be used in the redevelopment of existing suburban communities. Using an existing low-density suburban community in Simi Valley, CA, as a site, I have explored compact infill housing as a method of densifying the neighborhood and broadening the housing base. Prefabrication and deconstructable building components ensure minimal waste and a flexible housing system that can adapt to mimic the evolution of a family. Accessible open space serves to draw the community together and provide usable outdoor spaces. In this way the suburban community can begin to operate in a more efficient manner and adequately address the needs of a broader range of residents.

Examensarbetet har genomförts som en del av ett projekt inom COWI AB. Projektets mål var att ta fram ett effektivt byggsystem där bjälklag utförs som prefabricerade element av högpresterande betong med sparkroppar av cellplast. I konceptet ingår att installationer skall så långt det är möjligt monteras i fabrik för att minimera montage och arbetsmoment på byggarbetsplatsen. Detta för att minska montagetider och eventuella fel som är en del av beställarens vision för att effektivisera byggandet. Denna rapport kommer att fokusera på den nya bjälklagstyp som ska ingå i byggsystemet som COWI har haft i uppgift att utveckla till kunden. Då examensarbetet endast innefattar 10 veckor så har det inte funnits utrymme att ta del av flera byggnadsdelar till byggsystemet. Då bjälklaget erbjuder den största utmaningen i detta projekt så har fokus lagts vid att grundligt utreda dess kapacitet och potential. Detta har resulterat i handberäkningar samt analyser med Strusofts finita element program FEM-design. Studien visar att det är möjligt att konstruera ett bjälklag i syfte att göra håltagningar för installationer till bostäder. Bjälklagselementet är dimensionerat enligt gällande regelverk och optimerat med hänsyn till bruk- och brottgränstillstånd.

The building industry is facing big challenges in terms of producing new homes. At the same time as the cost for apartment buildings are hitting new records, an annual addition of 63 400 new homes is required to cover the housing needs. At the same time the building industry needs to reduce its emission of greenhouse gases for Sweden to reach its set climate targets. These conditions place high demands on the construction industry, and to be able to respond to the demands, it is necessary for the industry to review its way of working and develop new, more efficient methods in terms of both working methods and resource use. The purpose of the work is to investigate which advantages and disadvantages there are with the implementation of a grid dimension in the frame design when revising existing drawing documents. The goal of the work is to evaluate whether the advantages outweigh the disadvantages when it comes to the implementation of grid dimensions in the frame design. To answer the question, a literature study, a case study and an interview study are carried out. The case study is carried out at the company Fridh och Hell, and the drawing basis in which the grid measure is implemented applies to Kvarteret Barken 2, Karlstad. In the interview study, five people are interviewed who are all involved in the design work of a typical tender process at the company. The results of the study indicate that the benefits of the implementation of raster dimensions for the building's load-bearing exterior walls outweigh the disadvantages that come with the implementation. Regarding an implementation of raster dimensions for load-bearing interior walls, the conclusion is that such an implementation would be so time-consuming and extensive that the benefits achieved with it would not be sufficient justification for an actual implementation.

Modular construction, a method where building components are prefabricated off-site and then transported as completed modules, is generally employed to save time and cost in the building industry. Despite its default as a repetitive component, it holds potential to address both individuality and community engagement within multi-story housing. This thesis investigates modular design as a possibilty to develop better quality affordable housing in densely populated urban areas. The modular components are positioned with respect to privacy, individuality , and an encouragement of community interaction. By using precast components and CLT modules in this arrangement, this thesis aims to create private spaces that cater to residents' individual preferences and requirements while simultaneously establishing communal areas that facilitate social interaction and a sense of community. / Master of Architecture / Modular construction, a method where building components are prefabricated off-site and then transported as completed modules, is generally employed to save time and cost in the building industry. Despite its default as a repetitive component, it holds potential to address both individuality and community engagement within multi-story housing. This thesis investigates modular design as a possibilty to develop better quality affordable housing in densely populated urban areas. The modular components are positioned with respect to privacy, individuality , and an encouragement of community interaction. By using precast components and CLT modules in this arrangement, this thesis aims to create private spaces that cater to residents' individual preferences and requirements while simultaneously establishing communal areas that facilitate social interaction and a sense of community.