O homem é o maior predador da natureza e de si mesmo. A gravidade dos problemas gerados por essa atitude predatória, com o passar do tempo, despertou para a necessidade de uma consciência ecológica, voltada à preservação do meio em que prolifera a vida. O conceito de meio ambiente é incerto. A Constituição Federal de 1988, contudo, inovando em matéria de bem público, definiu meio ambiente como bem de uso comum do povo e essencial à sadia qualidade de vida , criando uma terceira categoria de bens, formada por bens que não são públicos nem particulares, mas de interesse público. Como conseqüência desse novo conceito, a Carta Constitucional estabeleceu limites à utilização do bem ambiental limites imanentes , na medida necessária para garantir uma vida saudável. / Submitted by Marcelo Teixeira (mvteixeira@ucs.br) on 2014-05-14T19:36:51Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Noerci da Silva Melo.pdf: 480912 bytes, checksum: 5a8a84fa0f3e00ff6da7682930f67808 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-14T19:36:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Noerci da Silva Melo.pdf: 480912 bytes, checksum: 5a8a84fa0f3e00ff6da7682930f67808 (MD5) / The human being is the biggest predator of himself and the surrounding environment. The magnitude and the gravity of the problems created by this predatory behavior, as time goes by, made people conscious of the need of a new ecological awareness, with a focus on the environment and its preservation as a way to protect wildlife. The concept of environment is uncertain. In 1988 the Federal Constitution, however, innovating in terms of well-being, defined environment as a public property to be used by the people which is essential for a healthy life , this way creating a new category of public properties, formed by properties which are neither public nor private, but of general interest. As a consequence of this new concept, the Constitution established limits for the use of the environment immanent limits, in the right amount to guarantee a healthy way of life.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013-07-22Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:59:31Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000755551.pdf: 414659 bytes, checksum: da80b05f755988e6a99a65d40c8a90bb (MD5) / A inseminação artificial com sêmen refrigerado é uma biotecnia imprescindível para os programas reprodutivos de equinos. Entretanto, durante a refrigeração o espermatozoide pode sofrer danos irreversíveis que irão prejudicar os índices de fertilidade. A incorporação de colesterol ligado a ciclodextrina (CLC) é uma estratégia de aumentar a resistência espermática em baixas temperaturas. No entanto, estudos anteriores tem sugerido que o colesterol presente em altos níveis na membrana plasmática pode interferir no processo de capacitação e consequentemente de fertilização. Para isso, foi realizado um trabalho dividido em cinco experimentos. No experimento 1 o objetivo foi determinar a concentração mais adequada de CLC para a utilização na refrigeração de espermatozoides equinos. No experimento 2 o objetivo foi comparar as temperaturas de 15º C e 5º C para refrigeração de espermatozoides equinos tratados com CLC. No experimento 3 o objetivo foi verificar a influência da adição de CLC sobre a qualidade do sêmen refrigerado de garanhões bad cooler e good cooler. No experimento 4 o objetivo foi avaliar a influência da adição de CLC sobre a ocorrência de reação acrossomal. O objetivo do experimento 5 foi avaliar a fertilidade de espermatozoides refrigerados de garanhões bad cooler (BC) e good cooler (GC) tratados com CLC. No experimento 1 foram utilizados dois ejaculados de 24 garanhões. Após a diluição com Botu-Sêmen® na concentração de 50 x 106 espermatozoides/mL, cada ejaculado foi dividido em quatro grupos: controle (C) e tratado com 1 mg (CLC-1), 1,5 mg (CLC-1,5) e 2 mg (CLC-2) de CLC/120 x 106 de espermatozoides e refrigerado por 48 horas a 5º C. Para o experimento 2 foram utilizados dois ejaculados de 12 garanhões. Cada ejaculado foi diluído conforme o experimento 1, dividido em quatro grupos: C e CLC-1,5 refrigerados a 15º C e a 5 º C por 24 horas. Para o experimento 3 foram utilizados... / Artificial insemination with cooled semen is an invaluable biotechnique for equine reproductive programs. However, the cooling process may cause irreversible damage to spermatozoa, thus reducing fertility rates. The incorporation of cholesterol-loaded cyclodextrin (CLC) to the plasmatic membrane is an strategy to increase sperm resistance to low temperatures. However, previous studies have suggested that high levels of cholesterol may interfere with capacitation process and, consequently, with fertilization. To this end, a study was performed in five experiments. In experiment 1, the aim was to determine the best CLC concentration for the purpose of cooling equine spermatozoa. In experiment 2, the aim was to compare the temperatures of 15 ºC and 5 ºC for cooling equine semen treated with CLC. In experiment 3, the aim was to assess the influence of CLC addition for cooled semen quality of bad cooler (BC) and good cooler (GC) stallions. In experiment 4, the aim was to evaluate the influence of CLC addition for the occurrence of acrosome reaction. The aim of experiment 5 was to evaluate the fertility of cooled CCL-treated semen from BC and GC stallions. In experiment 1, two ejaculates from 24 stallions were used. After dilution with Botu-Sêmen® to a concentration of 50 x 106 cells/mL, each ejaculate was divided into four groups: control (C) and treated with 1 mg (CLC-1), 1.5 mg (CLC-1.5) and 2 mg (CLC-2) and 2 mg (CLC-2) of CLC/120 x 106 cells, and cooled for 48 hours at 5 ºC. For experiment 2, two ejaculates from 12 stallions were used. Each ejaculated, after dilution according to experiment 1, was divided into 4 groups: C and CLC-1.5 cooled at 15 ºC and 5 ºC for 24 hours. For experiment 3, two ejaculates from nine GC and nine BC stallions were used. The ejaculates were diluted according to the previous experiments and divided into two groups: C and CLC-1.5 cooled at 5 ºC for 48 hours. In experiments 1, 2 and 3, sperm ...

Damage to archival collections jeopardize access to information, one of the reasons for its existence. These damages vary in the degree of degradation, from the most inconspicuous but silently lead to loss of support, even the most obvious caused by mishandling and pest infestation. This loss can happen abruptly through accidents and disasters, causing irreversible damage to the documents. Given this situation, seeking to know how to preserve and guarantee the physical security of the documentary front equity to a number of factors that lead to their destruction, the main objective of this thesis was to develop a Risk Management Plan for document preservation in Port Historical Archives Alegre Moyses Vellinho (AHPAMV). To fabricate the plan and establish more efficient priority and preventive actions to ensure the preservation of the documentary collection of the institution used the Risk Management methodology to identify and analyze the risks in AHPAMV. From the application of the methodology and analysis of the results, it was possible to build the product of this work has resulted in a publication entitled "Plan File Risk Management Port History Alegre Moyses Vellinho", will help to ensure the acquis integrity and guide decisions for the preservation of historical documents stored there. At the end of this work it was possible to verify that the objectives have been achieved to the extent that some items proposed as a treatment have been implemented since the AHPAMV work team has a good understanding of the risks facing the institution and the measures needed to sanitation them. The perceived problem is that several recommendations contained in the bump up in the question funding and bureaucracy of the municipal government of Porto Alegre to meet the requests of the institution, always complex issues in the public sphere. Finally, it is expected that the preparation of this work will serve as a subsidy for the establishment of an institutional preservation policy, which further qualify the service performed by this memory entity. / Os danos aos acervos arquivísticos colocam em risco o acesso à informação, uma das razões de sua existência. Estes danos variam no grau de degradação, desde os mais imperceptíveis mas que silenciosamente levam à perda do suporte, até os mais evidentes causados por manuseio incorreto e infestação de pragas. Essa perda pode também acontecer de maneira abrupta por meio de acidentes e catástrofes, causando danos irreversíveis aos documentos. Diante deste quadro, visando saber como preservar e garantir a segurança física do patrimônio documental frente a uma série de fatores que levam a sua destruição, o objetivo principal desta dissertação foi elaborar um Plano de Gerenciamento de Riscos para a preservação documental no Arquivo Histórico de Porto Alegre Moysés Vellinho (AHPAMV). Para confeccionar o plano e estabelecer ações preventivas mais prioritárias e eficientes para garantir a preservação do acervo documental da instituição, utilizou-se a metodologia de Gerenciamento de Riscos para identificar e analisar os riscos existentes no AHPAMV. A partir da aplicação da referida metodologia e análise dos resultados obtidos, foi possível construir o produto desta dissertação que resultou em uma publicação intitulada “Plano de Gerenciamento de Riscos do Arquivo Histórico de Porto Alegre Moysés Vellinho”, que contribuirá para assegurar a integridade do acervo e orientar as decisões para a preservação dos documentos históricos ali armazenados. Ao finalizar este trabalho foi possível verificar que os objetivos foram alcançados na medida em que alguns itens propostos como tratamento foram implementados, uma vez que a equipe de trabalho do AHPAMV possui um bom entendimento dos riscos que afetam a instituição e das medidas necessárias para saneá-los. O problema percebido é que várias recomendações constantes no plano esbarram no quesito verbas e na burocracia da prefeitura municipal de Porto Alegre em atender as solicitações da instituição, questões sempre complexas na esfera pública. Por fim, espera-se que a elaboração deste trabalho sirva de subsídio para o estabelecimento de uma política de preservação institucional, que qualificará ainda mais o serviço realizado por essa entidade de memória.

Orientador: João Carlos Pinheiro Ferreira / Banca: Fernanda da Cruz Landim Alvarenga / Banca: Marcelo Alcindo de Vaz Barros Gumarães / Resumo: O tamanduá-bandeira (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) é considerado vulnerável à extinção e dados científicos em relação à andrologia e características seminais são escassos. Colheu-se sêmen de oito animais com o intuito de estabeler parâmetros seminais de tamanduás-bandeira de vida livre no que se refere a volume, odor, coloração, motilidade, vigor, concentração e morfologia espermática, e investigar o tempo em que o sêmen mantém-se com motilidade e vigor sob refrigeração à 5ºC. A motilidade e vigor espermáticos foram avaliados de forma subjetiva por microscopia óptica convencional, e a análise morfológica dos espermatozoides foi realizada por microscopia de luz, microscopia de contraste e interferência diferencial e microscopia eletrônica de transmissão. O ejaculado foi caracterizado com duas frações distintas (fração esbranquiçada, leitosa e rica em células espermáticas, e fração gel, incolor e viscosa com ausência de espermatozoides) e volume médio 0,75 ml (±0,13). Os valores médios dos parâmetros (± erro padrão) encontrados nas amostras seminais à fresco foram motilidade 75% (±2,98), vigor 3,21(±0,29), concentração 108,5 x106/ml (±13,46), índice de integridade de membrana plasmática de 71% (±4,01), anormalidades espermáticas em coloração karras-modificado 35,5% (±3,38) e 48,37% (±6,83) em microscopia de contraste de interferência diferencial. Quando submetido a refrigeração o sêmen apresentou motilidade e vigor até no máximo 24 horas, com valores decrescentes em ambos os parâmetros com o decorrer do tempo / Abstract: The giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) is considered vulnerable to extinction and scientific data regarding andrology and seminal characteristics are scarce. The semen were collected from eight animals with the intention of seminal parameters to establish anteaters free life as regards the volume, odor, color, motility, vigor, concentration and morphology, and to investigate the time the semen remains with motility and vigor under refrigeration at a temperature of 5 ° C. The sperm motility and vigor were subjectively assessed by light microscopy and morphological analysis of sperm were performed by conventional optical microscopy, differential interference contrast microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The ejaculate was characterized with two distinct fractions (fraction whitish, milky and rich in sperm cells, and gel fraction colorless and viscous with absence of sperm) and average volume 0.75 ml (± 0.13). The mean values of the parameters (± standard error) found in the fresh semen samples motility were 75% (± 2.98), vigor 3.21 (± 0.29), concentration x106/ml 108.5 (± 13.46), index of plasma membrane integrity of 71% (± 4.01) and sperm abnormalities in karras-modified staining 35.5% (± 3.38) and 48.37% (± 6.83) in contrast microscopy differential interference. When subjected to cooled semen presented motility and vigor up to 24 hours, with decreasing values in both parameters over time / Mestre

Orientador: Sony Dimas Bicudo / Banca: Eunice Oba / Banca: Daniel Bartoli de Souza / Resumo: O sêmen ovino congelado e descongelado sofre alterações morfofuncionais que impossibilitam ou diminuem a eficiência na fecundação. Os métodos de seleção espermática visam melhorar a qualidade e viabilidade do material fecundante. Quatro métodos de seleção espermática utilizando duas soluções de sílica coloidal revestida por silano (silica coloidal-silano) ou por polivinilpirrolidona (silica coloidal-PVP), variando o volume de solução coloidal. Foram testados a cinética espermática no CASA e a recuperação espermática. Os protocolos utilizando silica coloidal-silano apresentaram maior motilidade total (MT), motilidade progressiva (MP) e porcentagem de espermatozoides rápidos (%RAP) quando comparado aos métodos utilizando a silica coloidal-PVP e às amostras antes da seleção espermática. A silica coloidal-PVP teve maior recuperação espermática quando comparado à silica coloidal-silano. Somente o método utilizando 4mL de silica coloidal-PVP não foi eficiente na seleção de amostras com melhor qualidade quando comparado às amostras analisadas antes da seleção espermática. Os métodos utilizando menores volumes de solução coloidal não diferiram dos métodos de maior volume, sendo a silica coloidal-silano com 1 mL o método que apresentou os melhores resultados. Como conclusão os resultados encontrados no trabalho apontaram a maior eficiência da silica coloidal-silano em selecionar sêmen ovino congelado e descongelado quando comparado à seleção em silica coloidal-PVP. O método utilizando 1mL de silica coloidal-silano foi igualmente eficiente ao método com maior volume, sendo uma alternativa para processar amostras com baixa concentração espermática / Abstract: Frozen and thawed ovine semen undergo morphofunctional changes that prevent or decrease the efficiency of fertilization. Sperm selection methods have beneficial effects on the selected sperm, improving sperm quality and viability. Four methods of sperm selection were tested using two colloidal silica solutions coated with silane (silica colloid- silane) ou povinilpirrolidone (silica colloid-PVP), varying the volume of colloidal solution. Furthermore, analyses of sperm kinetics in CASA and sperm recovery were carried out. The protocols using silica colloid-silane resulted in greater MT, MP, and %RAP when compared to the methods using silica colloid-PVP and the semen before selection. Silica colloid-PVP had higher sperm recovery when compared to silica colloid-silane. Only the method using 4mL of silica colloid-PVP was not efficient in the selection of best quality samples when compared to the semen before selection. The methods using lower volumes of colloidal solutions did not differ from the methods with higher volumes, being the method with 1mL of silica collois-silane better than the 4mL method. In conclusion the results of the study indicate the superiority of silica colloid-silane in selecting frozen and thawed ovine semen when compared to silica colloid-PVP. The method using 1mL of silica colloid-silane was equally efficient to the standard method and has lower costs, being an interesting alternative to process samples with low sperm concentration / Mestre

Orientador: Antonio Dell'Aqua Junior / Banca: Frederico Ozanam Papa / Banca: André Maciel Crespilho / Resumo: A inseminação artificial com sêmen refrigerado é uma biotecnia imprescindível para os programas reprodutivos de equinos. Entretanto, durante a refrigeração o espermatozoide pode sofrer danos irreversíveis que irão prejudicar os índices de fertilidade. A incorporação de colesterol ligado a ciclodextrina (CLC) é uma estratégia de aumentar a resistência espermática em baixas temperaturas. No entanto, estudos anteriores tem sugerido que o colesterol presente em altos níveis na membrana plasmática pode interferir no processo de capacitação e consequentemente de fertilização. Para isso, foi realizado um trabalho dividido em cinco experimentos. No experimento 1 o objetivo foi determinar a concentração mais adequada de CLC para a utilização na refrigeração de espermatozoides equinos. No experimento 2 o objetivo foi comparar as temperaturas de 15º C e 5º C para refrigeração de espermatozoides equinos tratados com CLC. No experimento 3 o objetivo foi verificar a influência da adição de CLC sobre a qualidade do sêmen refrigerado de garanhões bad cooler e good cooler. No experimento 4 o objetivo foi avaliar a influência da adição de CLC sobre a ocorrência de reação acrossomal. O objetivo do experimento 5 foi avaliar a fertilidade de espermatozoides refrigerados de garanhões bad cooler (BC) e good cooler (GC) tratados com CLC. No experimento 1 foram utilizados dois ejaculados de 24 garanhões. Após a diluição com Botu-Sêmen® na concentração de 50 x 106 espermatozoides/mL, cada ejaculado foi dividido em quatro grupos: controle (C) e tratado com 1 mg (CLC-1), 1,5 mg (CLC-1,5) e 2 mg (CLC-2) de CLC/120 x 106 de espermatozoides e refrigerado por 48 horas a 5º C. Para o experimento 2 foram utilizados dois ejaculados de 12 garanhões. Cada ejaculado foi diluído conforme o experimento 1, dividido em quatro grupos: C e CLC-1,5 refrigerados a 15º C e a 5 º C por 24 horas. Para o experimento 3 foram utilizados ... / Abstract: Artificial insemination with cooled semen is an invaluable biotechnique for equine reproductive programs. However, the cooling process may cause irreversible damage to spermatozoa, thus reducing fertility rates. The incorporation of cholesterol-loaded cyclodextrin (CLC) to the plasmatic membrane is an strategy to increase sperm resistance to low temperatures. However, previous studies have suggested that high levels of cholesterol may interfere with capacitation process and, consequently, with fertilization. To this end, a study was performed in five experiments. In experiment 1, the aim was to determine the best CLC concentration for the purpose of cooling equine spermatozoa. In experiment 2, the aim was to compare the temperatures of 15 ºC and 5 ºC for cooling equine semen treated with CLC. In experiment 3, the aim was to assess the influence of CLC addition for cooled semen quality of bad cooler (BC) and good cooler (GC) stallions. In experiment 4, the aim was to evaluate the influence of CLC addition for the occurrence of acrosome reaction. The aim of experiment 5 was to evaluate the fertility of cooled CCL-treated semen from BC and GC stallions. In experiment 1, two ejaculates from 24 stallions were used. After dilution with Botu-Sêmen® to a concentration of 50 x 106 cells/mL, each ejaculate was divided into four groups: control (C) and treated with 1 mg (CLC-1), 1.5 mg (CLC-1.5) and 2 mg (CLC-2) and 2 mg (CLC-2) of CLC/120 x 106 cells, and cooled for 48 hours at 5 ºC. For experiment 2, two ejaculates from 12 stallions were used. Each ejaculated, after dilution according to experiment 1, was divided into 4 groups: C and CLC-1.5 cooled at 15 ºC and 5 ºC for 24 hours. For experiment 3, two ejaculates from nine GC and nine BC stallions were used. The ejaculates were diluted according to the previous experiments and divided into two groups: C and CLC-1.5 cooled at 5 ºC for 48 hours. In experiments 1, 2 and 3, sperm ... / Mestre

Orientador: Alexandre Ninhaus Silveira / Banca: Leonardo Susumu Takahashi / Banca: Eduardo Antonio Sanches / Resumo: Este trabalho teve como objetivos avaliar a utilização de GnRHm associada ao inibidor da dopamina, o metoclopramide (Ovopel® - D-Ala6,Pro9 Net-mGnRH) em três concentrações diferentes 1mg/kg (T1), 2 mg/kg (T2) e 4 mg/kg (T3) , na indução a espermiação de Brycon cephalus e, avaliar a eficiência de 2 soluções crioprotetoras: Bestlvile Thawing Solution (BTS®) e outra composta por leite em pó (Ninho fortificado Nestlé) + glicose e dos crioprotetores metilglicol e metanol (Sigma Aldrich) nas concentrações de 10 e 15%, na preservação dos espermatozoides de B. cephalus. Para tal, foram realizados dois ensaios, no primeiro foram testadas três diferentes dosagens hormonais de Ovopel®, aonde foram avaliados os parâmetros seminais: de volume seminal, motilidade espermática subjetiva, duração da motilidade, pH, osmolaridade e concentração espermática. Após análise dos dados verificou-se que o tratamento T3 (4,66±1,52mL) apresentou maior volume seminal e valor significativamente diferente dos outros tratamentos e do controle (2,37±1,14 mL). Quanto a motilidade espermática apresentou percentual elevado (Nível 5; 80 a 100% ) nos tratamentos T2 e T3, em relação a T1 e ao controle que teve (Nível 4; 61-80%). Em relação à duração d motilidade espermática, o tratamento 3 apresentou duração de motilidade significativamente menor (22±5s), em relação aos outros tratamentos e ao controle. As dosagem hormonal de 2 mg/kg de Ovopel®, ser a mais indicada para indução hormonal de machos de B. cephalus, pela manutenção dos parâmetros de qualidade seminal. Para o segundo ensaio, foram utilizados seis exemplares adultos de B. cephalus. O sêmen coletado foi avaliado através dos parâmetros seminais e posteriormente foi realizado teste de toxidade das soluções crioprotetoras. Após isso, o sêmen foi diluído na proporção de 1:5 (sêmen:diluente), envasado em palhetas 0,5 ml (IMV) e congelado em vapores de ... / Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of Ovopel ® associated with an inhibitor of dopamine in inducing spermiation and evaluate the efficiency of cryoprotectant solutions using cryoprotectants such as methyl glycol, methanol , Bestlvile Thawing Solution ( BTS ® ) and powdered milk preservation the sperm of B. cephalus . For this purpose, two tests were conducted , the first consisted of 20 adult male B. cephalus in which the application was tested in three different dosages of hormonal Ovopel ® , 1mg/kg (T1), 2 mg / kg (T2), and 4 mg / kg (T3) and control group (saline) . Seminal volume, subjective sperm motility, duration of motility, pH, osmolarity and sperm concentration: Following the analysis of seminal parameters was performed. Treatment 3 (4.66 ± 1.52 mL) showed higher semen volume compared to control (2.37 ± 1.14 mL). Sperm motility showed high percentage in treatments 2 and 3, with level 5 (81-100 %) compared to the control that had scale 4 (61-80 %). Regarding the duration of sperm motility, treatment 3 had the lowest duration of motility with 22 ± 5 seconds, compared to the other treatments and control . Hormone levels 2 and 4mg/kg of Ovopel ®, demonstrated through the analysis of seminal parameters, are most appropriate for hormonal induction of males of B. cephalus, because they have better semen quality . In the second trial cryoprotectant solutions were evaluated : The 5.4 - g glucose 15 g whole milk powder ( fortified Nestle Nest ) ; B - 5g Bestlvile Thawing Solution (BTS ®) Minitub ®) in 10 or 15 mL of methanol and methyl cellosolve internal cryoprotectant . For this purpose, six adult specimens of B. cephalus were used. The collected semen was evaluated by semen parameters and was subsequently performed toxicological testing of cryoprotectant solutions. After that, the semen was diluted at a ratio of 1:5 (semen: diluent), packaged in 0.5 ml straws (IMV) and frozen in liquid nitrogen vapor and then ... / Mestre

A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE FACULTY OF INFORMATICS AND DESIGN OF THE CAPE PENINSULA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY IN FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MAGISTER TECHNOLOGIAE PHOTOGRAPHY CAPE PENINSULA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY 2013 / This study deals with the pitfalls and standards associated with the digitisation of photographic artefacts in formal collections. The popularity of the digital medium caused a rapid increase in the demand for converting images into digital files. The need for equipment capable of executing the task successfully, the pressure on collection managers to display their collections to the world and the demand for knowledge needed by managers and operators created pressure to perform optimally and often in great haste. As a result of the rush to create digital image files to be displayed and to be preserved, the decisions that are being made may be questionable. The best choice of file formats for longevity, setting and maintaining standards to guarantee quality digital files and consultation with experts in the field of digitisation as well as attention to best practices are important aspects which must be considered. In order to determine the state of affairs in countries with an advanced knowledge and experience in the field of digitisation, a comprehensive literature study was done. It was found that enough information exists to enable collection managers in South Africa to make well informed decisions to ensure a high quality of digital collection. By means of questionnaires, a survey was undertaken amongst selected Western Cape image preservation institutions to determine the level of knowledge of the managers who are required to make informed decisions. The questionnaire was designed to give insight into choices being made regarding the technical quality, workflow and best practice aspects of digitisation. Comparing the outcome of the questionnaires with best practices and recommended standards in countries with an advanced level of experience it was found that not enough of this experience and knowledge is used by local collection managers although readily available. In some cases standards are disregarded completely. The study also investigated by means of questionnaires the perception of the digital preservation of image files by fulltime photographic students and volunteer members of the Photographic Society of South Africa. It was found that uncertainty exist within both groups with regard to file longevity and access to files in five to ten year's time. Digitisation standards are set and maintained by the use of specially designed targets which enable digitising managers to maintain control over the quality of the digital content as well as monitoring of equipment performance. The use of these targets to set standards were investigated and found to be an accurate and easy method of maintaining control over the standard and quality of digital files. Suppliers of digitising equipment very often market their equipment as being of a high quality and being able to fulfil the required digitisation tasks. Testing selected digitising equipment by means of specially designed targets proved however that potential buyers of equipment in the high cost range should be very cautious about suppliers' claims without proof of performance. Using targets to verify performance should be a routine check before any purchase. The study concludes with recommendations of implementing standards and it points to potential future research.

Thesis (MTech (Design))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016. / Historical interiors hold within them significance which provides us with cultural identity, as well as historical and aesthetic value, and their physical materials offer us a connection to the past. These interiors and their functions often become obsolete and need to acquire a new function that is more suited to our modern-day society. One such change in function which was identified to be steadily on the rise in Cape Town is the reappropriation of historical interiors into contemporary exhibition venues. It was noted that during this process many of these historical interiors end up as neutral contemporary white boxes, where the whole historical interior is replaced or concealed by a pristine white interior and this leads to a loss of its internal historical aesthetic value. To counter this and to retain the significant aesthetics of these interiors for ourselves and our future generations, heritage legislation offers a certain amount of protection through their respective guidelines and principles during adaptation. However, these guidelines do not offer concrete methods on the responsive adaptation of historical interiors into contemporary exhibition spaces. To address this problem and provide a substitute for the white box, alternative methods for the responsive adaptation of the historical interior into a contemporary exhibition space are highlighted and investigated. Through this investigation, this study aims to provide responsive approaches which interior designers may adopt during adaptation that respect, acknowledge and highlight the significance of the reappropriated space in the design of contemporary exhibition venues.

Thesis (MTech (Biomedical Technology))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016. / Biochemical and haematological changes occur in red blood cellular products during the recommended storage period of 35 to 42 days at 1°C to 6°C. The restriction of the sodium/potassium pump at specified temperatures result in low intracellular potassium ion levels while an increase in sodium ion levels are observed and acidosis occurs as a result of low pH concentrations due to glucose consumption. Structural and morphological changes occur such as the release of free haemoglobin, lactate dehydrogenase and potassium into the supernatant causing the formation of spheroechinocytes and osmotic fragility. All these factors negatively impact the rheological properties of blood. These changes that transpire in the red cells during the storage period are referred to as “storage lesions”. Transfusion-associated graft versus host disease is an immunological and often fatal adverse transfusion reaction with gamma irradiation of cellular blood products used as a preventative measure. Gamma irradiation exacerbates storage lesions and of particular concern has been the increased potassium levels resulting in neonatal and infant hyperkalaemia. The storage lesions occurring in non-irradiated red blood cellular products are well documented although the literature regarding its irradiated counterparts has been less studied. A study of this nature has not previously been done in Cape Town, South Africa.