No description available.

The purpose of this study was to test the effectiveness of a preventative curriculum entitled Eating Disorders: Physical, Social, and Emotional Consequences, A High School Curriculum about Anorexia, Bulimia, and Compulsive Eating (EDPSEC), a preventative curriculum for eating disorders. Participants included an experimental group of 72 students enrolled in a ninth grade health class and a control group of 39 ninth grade students enrolled in a physical education class. The research examined the administration integrity of the curriculum and participating students' change in eating attitudes and behaviors according to group membership. The Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) and the Eating Survey (ES) were utilized in a pre-post test design to determine the participants' change. There was a high correlation between the students' scores on the ES and the EAT-26 (r = .873). Results indicated low treatment integrity and no significant change on students' EAT-26 or ES scores according to group. However due to low treatment integrity this study was unable to determine the effectiveness of this EDPSEC curriculum. There was a high correlation between the students' scores on the ES and the EAT-26 (r = .873).

<p>  </p> <p>Maternal and infant health continues to be a compelling and urgent topic in the United States with prenatal care at its forefront for prevention of adverse outcomes. This study explored differences in adverse infant birth outcomes (i.e., preterm birth, low birthweight, and NICU stays) and postpartum maternal wellbeing outcomes (i.e., social support, depression, and confidence) related to the sociodemographic and baseline factors of mothers and their prenatal care experiences. </p> <p>Data was analyzed from the publicly available <em>Listening to Mothers III </em>dataset. Comprised of 2400 online-survey participants who gave birth to singleton infants in U.S. hospitals between 2011 and 2012. Structural equation modeling was employed with FIML to account for missing data. The model examined mediators of prenatal care (i.e., responsive provider behavior, week of first visit, duration of visits, group prenatal care; GPC) between maternal predictors and outcomes.</p> <p>Of infants in the sample, 8% were born preterm, 8% were born low birthweight, and 18% were admitted into the NICU. Depression and smoking during pregnancy, as well as participating in GPC, resulted in 15%, 20% and 18% greater proportions of infant NICU stays, respectively. For postpartum maternal wellbeing, participating in GPC increased the proportion of maternal confidence by 18%. Mothers who received responsive provider behavior had higher rates of social support (<em>b </em>= 0.28, <em>p </em>< .001), reported less depression (<em>b </em>= -0.19, <em>p </em>< .001), and felt more confident (<em>b </em>= 0.07, <em>p </em>= .02). </p> <p>Findings from this study suggest that the most impactful actions for prenatal care providers to take would be to provide increased support to mothers who identify as needing treatment for depression or smoking during pregnancy to best improve infant health through fewer admissions into the NICU, and to continue to bolster the responsiveness in which providers interact with patients to improve overall postpartum maternal wellbeing. </p>

Bakgrund: Postoperativa sårinfektioner är infektioner som uppträder i sårområdet inom 30 dagar efter ett kirurgiskt ingrepp. Infektioner i postoperativa sår är en av de vanligaste vårdrelaterade infektionerna. När mikroorganismer hamnar i såret startar en inflammationsprocess och skapar en infektion i såret. Postoperativa sårinfektioner innebär ett stort lidande för patienten, dessvärre minskar inte postoperativa sårinfektioner i önskad takt. Syfte: Att belysa hur sjuksköterskan kan arbeta med förebyggande omvårdnadsinsatser i relation till postoperativa sårinfektioner. Metod: Studien genomfördes som en allmän litteraturstudie baserat på tio resultatartiklar av kvalitativ, kvantitativ och mixad metod. Resultatartiklarna analyserades och sammanfattades till tre kategorier och fem underkategorier. Resultat: Resultatet belyser följande omvårdnadsinsatser: (1) Att följa riktlinjer, (2) Att implementera åtgärdspaket och (3) Att involvera patienten. Sjuksköterskans följsamhet till riktlinjer påverkades av barriärer och facilitatorer. Åtgärdspaket var en effektiv omvårdnadsinsats. En involverad patient kunde bidra positivt till det förebyggande arbetet. Konklusion: Det finns ett behov av förbättringsarbete och vidare forskning kring hur sjuksköterskan kan arbeta med förebyggande omvårdnadsinsatser i relation till postoperativa sårinfektioner. / Background: Surgical site infections (SSI) are infections that occur within 30 days after surgery. SSIs are one of the most common health care- associated infection. When microorganisms end up in the wound an inflammatory process starts and creates an infection in the wound. SSIs lead to suffering in patients, unfortunately the incidence of SSIs is not decreasing in a desired rate. Aim: To highlight how nurses can work with preventative nursing interventions in relation to surgical site infections. Method: The study was conducted as a general literature study based on the result from ten articles with qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods. The results from the articles were analyzed and summarized into three categories and five subcategories. Results: The result highlights the following nursing interventions: (1) to follow clinical practice guidelines, (2) to implement care bundles and (3) to involve patients. Nurses’ compliance to guidelines was affected by barriers and facilitators. The care bundle implementation was a successful nursing intervention. Involving the patient could contribute to nurse’s preventative work against surgical site infections. Conclusion: There is a need for further quality improvement and research to how nurse’s work with preventative nursing interventions in relation to SSIs.

The U.S. Air Force (USAF) estimates it has a $33 billion (about 10 percent is airfield pavements) deferred maintenance backlog within its $263 billion infrastructure portfolio. Given the scope of this backlog and the importance of airfields, the USAF has a vested interest in finding strategies to help reverse this growing trend. Without an increase in funding, divestiture of excess infrastructure, or change in strategy, this backlog is estimated to climb to over $50 billion by 2030. Reversing the growing infrastructure backlog trend requires new methods and strategies to rethink how the USAF invests in its infrastructure. As such, the overall goal of this research is to develop a comprehensive and practical asset management approach to reduce the total cost of ownership of USAF airfield pavements. By reducing the cost of ownership, the goal is to reverse the growing maintenance backlog while maintaining a pavement portfolio capable of supporting USAF flying operations into the future. While this research is particularly relevant to the USAF, it seeks to fill research gaps within the current body of knowledge related to pavement management strategies for other agency types by presenting a practical, simulation-based methodology for work planning and budget allocation across a large pavement portfolio over a thirty-year period. The dissertation presents the development of the BEAST and RAMPSS algorithms. The BEAST algorithm is a simulation tool capable of modeling behaviors and decisions of 109 organizations managing a global network of airfield pavements over thirty years. Additionally, the BEAST is used to forecast outcomes of USAF investment decisions utilizing its current management strategies and historical behaviors. The RAMPSS is a simulation algorithm designed to select the most economical maintenance strategy for each pavement section in the USAF’s portfolio (i.e., individualized maintenance recommendation strategy for each pavement section). Analysis from the RAMPSS algorithm of the USAF’s pavement portfolio suggests that airfields are generally more cost-effective to maintain if kept in better conditions with strategies other than localized preventative maintenance. The USAF’s current maintenance strategy is unsustainable; however, switching to recommendations from RAMPSS (incorporated and modeled in the BEAST) provides a potentially significant course correction.

The aim of this study is to examine how Swedish social services work withspecifically international adopted children and their sense of belonging. We alsowant to examine how social services take the child's best interest into consideration regarding international adopted children. We chose a qualitative method with semi-structured interviews with four social workers within units for child and family support and four social workers within family law in different municipalities aroundSweden. We have studied the results using belonging as a theory and identity andethnical identity as theoretical concepts. The results show that social workersbelieve that internationally adopted children may have more difficulties to formbelonging to their family and surroundings. It also shows that the Swedishmunicipalities do not really offer specific support for adoptees. The informants havestated that they cannot guarantee the child's best interest in every situation, since itis constantly changing, individually defined and adapted to needs. We did find thatthe support that is provided for adoptees and their families is mainly preventivemeasures. This includes parental education before adoption to equip the parents withall the knowledge they may need to adhere to the child's best interest. Manyinformants also state that many of the adoptive children have special needs in formof cleft palate, mental health issues as well as cognitive delays. They also state thatmany of these children have been institutionalised in orphan care and that it cancause trauma to these children later in life, which also can be considered a specialneed. The result also shows that the social workers believe that therapy can beeffective for these children and that the municipalities state that they would buythese services if needed. The municipalities work to prevent these health issuesamong adoptees by strengthening the parents to get the same knowledge as thesocial services to be able deal with the children. The informants say that theadoptees and their families should be able to feel like a “ordinary” family withoutthe state watching them if not needed which causes a dilemma.

Myco-scapes: Multispecies Entanglements in Artmaking is a body of ephemeral fiber sculptures. These weavings and digital fabrications are the result of collaborations with dynamic materials and other species, primarily fungi. The artworks (or artifacts) of the artist's material intra-actions explore the possibilities, challenges, and ethics of multispecies collaboration. Furthermore, in its ephemerality, Myco-scapes responds to the preventative conservation practices employed by art museums. Not only do these sculptures embody the fleeting nature of material entanglements, but they also challenge the capitalist structure of art collecting through their impermanence. The written thesis describes the artist's studio practice by exploring three primary influences: mycelium (the root-like structures of mushrooms), entanglements (the complex interwoven structures in which we exist), and preventative conservation (art-handling protocol designed to preserve artifacts). / Master of Fine Arts / Myco-scapes: Multispecies Entanglements in Artmaking is a body of ephemeral fiber sculptures. These weavings and digital fabrications are the result of collaborations with dynamic materials and other species, primarily fungi. The artworks (or artifacts) of the artist's material intra-actions explore the possibilities, challenges, and ethics of multispecies collaboration. Furthermore, in its ephemerality, Myco-scapes responds to the preventative conservation practices employed by art museums. Not only do these sculptures embody the fleeting nature of material entanglements, but they also challenge the capitalist structure of art collecting through their impermanence. The written thesis describes the artist's studio practice by exploring three primary influences: mycelium (the root-like structures of mushrooms), entanglements (the complex interwoven structures in which we exist), and preventative conservation (art-handling protocol designed to preserve artifacts).

Federally qualified health centers (FQHCs) are instrumental in providing top tier healthcare and other resources to underserved populations. Whether they administer services in house or refer patients to other providers, FQHCs aim to provide comprehensive primary and preventative care services to people of all ages. They offer a range of services, from doctor and dental appointments to mental health and substance abuse counseling, regardless of a patient’s insurance status. To receive funding, FQHCs must follow the regulations and quality standards set forth by groups like the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) and the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA). A variety of barriers prevent young adults (18-24), particularly from underserved communities, from accessing resources available at community health centers (CHCs). Encouraging more people to utilize the preventative care resources provided by community health centers will increase quality of life for underserved populations, reduce the future burden on the healthcare system, and allow CHCs to access more funding. Strategies to reach this currently hard-to-reach population were developed through interviews with health educators, analysis of existing patient data, benchmarking FQHCs across the United States, and surveying the target population. Barriers to utilizing preventative care resources were collected and current patient outreach strategies were assessed. New strategies were proposed and evaluated by current patient educators at FQHCs. This research will outline a cohesive set of effective patient outreach strategies for FQHCs to increase their young adult patient base, particularly regarding preventative care.

Submitted in partial compliance with the requirements for the Master's Degree in Technology: Chiropractic at the Durban University of Technology, 2013. / Background: Considering the quadruple burden of disease and chronic shortages of health care professionals in South Africa, the stance of the chiropractic profession on public health (PH) matters has not been established. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the attitudes and perceptions of chiropractors practicing in South Africa on PH, health promotion (HP) and disease prevention (DP). The objectives were to determine demographic profile, lifestyle practices and attitudes and perceptions of practicing chiropractors in South Africa regarding PH agencies, HP and DP. Methods: An IRB approved quantitative survey (electronic and postal) was used to collect data from a total sample of practicing chiropractors in South Africa (meeting inclusion criteria). Follow up email and telephone calls were made to encourage response from participants. After a 17 - week period, returned questionnaires were collected and data analysed. Results: A response rate of 45% was obtained. Of the participants, 51.7% were female, 60.3% practiced in upper – middle income communities and 66.4% perceived themselves as neuro - musculoskeletal specialists. Over 90% of practitioners regularly counselled patients on postural habits, injury prevention and ergonomic risk reduction. Where as 35.1% agreed to counselling patients on STI / HIV prevention, tobacco cessation and related risks (41.4%), alcohol abuse (53.4%) and cancer prevention (56.9%). Regarding evidence – based practice (EBP) and PH agencies, 39.1% could not identify the statistical significance of the p value and 46% were unable to provide examples to journals they used to inform best practice. Similarly, 59% of the participants could not identify PH agencies to refer to for information on smoking cessation / risks or PH agencies to refer patients on HIV (57%), notifiable diseases (59%) and terminal illnesses (45%). Conclusion: The results suggest that chiropractors from this study were proficient on topics of DP, but were reletively less proficient in regards to PH, HP and EBP. It was recommended that further research be done regarding EBP within the profession and that greater emphasis be placed on topics of HP and PH in chiropractic training programmes.

Conservators have long been aware of the problems associated with the preservation of rubber objects due to inherent instability that can be attributed, in part, to the presence of additives. Inorganic additives, such as fillers, accelerators, stabilizers, and special ingredients are necessary in manufacturing to alter the properties of natural rubber. These materials all have different interactions with the rubber, and each other, and differing effects on the ageing process. To date, the most effective and accepted methods to preserve rubber are cold, dark storage of objects, or the use of low oxygen environments. While these methods are effective, they greatly limit access. The application of coatings to the surface of rubber objects can slow deterioration and greatly increase the ability of an institution to handle and display rubber objects. While numerous coatings for preventive and interventive treatment have been tested, none have been so successful to warrant routine use. The first section of this research highlighted the relationship between the inclusion of certain additives in natural rubber objects and the accelerated or slowed down overall degradation. In the second part of this research, the acrylic varnishes Golden Polymer Varnish with UVLS, Lascaux Acrylic Transparent Varnish-UV, Sennelier Matte Lacquer with UV Protection, and Liquitex Soluvar Varnish containing ultraviolet light absorbers or stabilizers were tested as a preventative coating for rubber. Through testing the visual and physical properties of the samples, as well as compound analysis the results of this research suggest that acrylic varnishes do provide protection, each to varying degrees. The results also provided insight into the behavior of rubber and these varnishes with continuing light exposure. / Thesis (Master, Art Conservation) -- Queen's University, 2013-10-04 20:14:54.597