Ambitionen med studien har varit att ta fram kunskap om Stockholms stads stöd till hemmasittare i gymnasieåldern genom att undersöka hur yrkesverksamma arbetar med målgruppen och hur stödet underbyggs på kunskaper om hemmasittarproblematik. Resultatet visar att det i stort sett inte finns något stöd till unga hemmasittare i gymnasieåldern som kan uppfattas fungera utifrån målgruppens behov och att det finns behov av kunskapsutveckling och samsyn om fenomenet samt mer resurser. Stödet som finns tillgängligt inom KAA är frivilligt och har bra idéer om vad som erbjuds men kan samtidigt inte förstås vara tillgängligt för studiens målgrupp, hemmasittare som isolerar sig i hemmet. Resultatet visar att hemmasittarproblematik är ett komplext fenomen, men en heterogen grupp unga där orsakerna kan finnas på både strukturell och individuell nivå. Studiens empiri utgörs av åtta semistrukturerade intervjuer med yrkesverksamma som kan träffa på unga hemmasittare. / The aim of the study has been to develop knowledge about the City of Stockholm's support for home-sitting in upper secondary school age by examining how professionals work with the target group and how the support is supported on knowledge of home-sitting problems. The results show that there is virtually no support for young secondary school age home-sitting who can be perceived to work according to the needs of the target group and that there is a need for knowledge development and consensus on the phenomenon and more resources. The support available within KAA is voluntary and has good ideas about what is on offer but at the same time cannot be understood to be available to the study's target group, home-sitting who isolate themselves in the home. The results show that home-sitting problems are a complex phenomenon, but a heterogeneous group of young people where the causes can be found on both structural and individual levels. The study's empiricism consists of eight semi-structured interviews with professionals who can meet young home-sitters.

Professionalism represents a fundamental characteristic of physicians. Professional organizations have developed professionalism competencies for physicians and medical students. The aim of teaching medical professionalism is to ensure the development of a professional identity in medical students. Professional identity formation is a process developed through teaching principles and appropriate behavioral responses to the stresses of being a physician. Addressing lapses and critical reflection is an important part of the educational process. The “hidden curriculum” within an institution plays an important role in professional identity formation. Assessment of professionalism involves multiple mechanisms. Steps in remediating professionalism lapses include (1) initial assessment, (2) diagnosis of problems and development of an individualized learning plan, (3) instruction encompassing practice, feedback and reflection and (4) reassessment and certification of competence. No reliable outcomes data exist regarding the effectiveness of different remediation strategies.

Magister Bibliothecologiae - MBibl / For any academic work at a university, students and staff are entirely dependent on the adequacy of the library. That is why the reason for the existence of university libraries is to provide essential study and reference material to supplement the instruction given to students in the lecture-rooms, as well as to support academic progress and research. the problem addressed in this study is to look into lecturing staff and full-time students' attitudes towards the University of the Western Cape Library. An attempt is made to identify their attitudes toward the services and the materials they are offered. In order to assess, the success of one particular library, the University of the Western Cape Library; in appeasing the needs of its users, a survey of its full-time students and lecturing staff population of six faculties was undertaken during 1999 to solicit their views on the library and its ability to fulfill their needs. The study is approached within the context of user studies as a scientific discipline around which a growing body of theoretical concepts have been formulated. It is also an area of research in which many surveys around the user and her / his needs have been conducted over the preceding decades. In particular the user of the academic library and his needs, especially at undergraduate as well as postgraduate level have been the objects of investigation. There seems to be a need to involve library staff in continuing education programmes. This will assist library users, who can expect to be informatively supported by the library .staffwho are both knowledgeable and up to date in their fields. It all helps to add to the professional competence of the staff and the skills that they produce to satisfy user needs. There are also issues for debate with regard to books and periodicals collections. It is hoped that with a better library orientation, better search strategies will be encouraged and then, probably, even more users will be satisfied with the stock. However, bearing in mind that the majority use of the library stock, on most occasions, is limited to the items available in the reserve section. Care should be taken that selection criteria are strictly adhered to, and that all the subjects taught at the university are covered, so that there are no gaps in the collections. A very real problem to the university is one of finance. The cost to duplicate, for example, prescribed texts sufficiently, will absorb a large proportion of book funds, which will mean less money left for building a balanced research, book and periodical collection. It is therefore suggested that the Senate Library Committee should try and put a well-balanced library budget in place. This will insure that the library that is regarded as the heart of the university will remain a relevant and integral part of every student's life on campus.

A mental health practitioner must refrain from partaking in any mental health work if personal problems interfere with his or her ability to provide services in a competent manner. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore how mental health practitioners manage personal problems to stay ethically compliant. Previous research has indicated that a significant amount of literature has revealed the causes and damaging effects of burnout among mental health workers. However, there remains an important gap in the current literature that links burnout directly with competently providing quality care. Ethical compliance, self-care, and mental health practitioners' perceptions were explored to answer research questions that were centered around the lived experiences of mental health workers. Guided by these research questions, semi-structured in-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with 8 current mental health practitioners who practice in a southern U.S. state. The data were analyzed according to interpretive phenomenological analysis procedures. Themes that were extrapolated are (a) building inner self-care rapport, (b) establishing healthy mental health practitioner and client relationships, and (c) personal and professional balance. Findings from this study, in addition to existing literature on mental health practitioner's self-care and ethical requirements, indicated that mental health practitioners' perceptions assist in their ability to maintain ethical compliance. This would be an important contribution to the existing literature and would enhance social change initiatives by explaining the importance of more self-care training for mental health practitioners and the facilities that employ them.

Background: Nurse's education includes theoretical and practical knowledge and the newly graduated nurse is expected to be ready for the upcoming working life, where nursing and patientsafe care should be provided based on the same guidelines as a seasoned nurse. How the first time in the profession is experienced is important for the continued role. Purpose: To describe the experience of being a newly graduated nurse.  Method: A literature study containing 10 qualitative articles with analysis according to Graneheim and Lundman's model has been conducted. Results: Three themes have been identified that describe experiences of being a newly graduated nurse; uncertainty in nursing work, the importance of good communication and lifelong learning. Stress, nervousness and insecurity are emotions that occurred during the first time in the profession. Conclusion: A number of factors are important for the newly graduated nurse to feel safe in and develop in her profession. Supervision and security to colleagues had a major impact on how the first time in the profession was experienced, but also a lack of clinical knowledge regarding, above all, communication and the conduct of patient-safe care. By drawing attention to the experience of newly graduated nurses, it can provide a understanding of what measures need to be taken to promote professional development. / Bakgrund: I sjuksköterskans utbildning ingår teoretisk och praktisk kunskap och den nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskan förväntas vara redo för det kommande arbetslivet, där omvårdnad och patientsäker vård ska ges utifrån samma riktlinjer som en rutinerad sjuksköterska. Hur den första tiden i professionen upplevs har betydelse för den fortsatta rollen som sjuksköterska. Syfte: Att beskriva erfarenheter av att vara nyutexaminerade sjuksköterska.  Metod: En litteraturstudie innehållande 10 kvalitativa artiklar med kvalitativ innehållsanalys enligt Graneheim och Lundmans modell har genomförts. Resultat: Tre teman har identifierats som beskriver erfarenheter av att vara nyutexaminerad sjuksköterska; osäkerhet i omvårdnadsarbetet, vikten av god kommunikation och livslångt lärande. Stress, nervositet och otrygghet är känslor som förekom under den första tiden i yrket. Slutsats: En rad faktorer är betydelsefulla för att den nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskan ska känna sig trygg i och utvecklas i sin profession. Handledning och trygghet till kollegor hade stor inverkan på hur första tiden i yrket upplevdes, men också brist på klinisk kunskap gällande framför allt kommunikation och bedrivandet av patientsäker omvårdnad. Genom att uppmärksamma de nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskornas erfarenheter kan det ge en ökad förståelse för vilka åtgärder som behöver vidtas för att främja den professionella utvecklingen.

Bakgrund: På vägen från novis till kompetent sjuksköterska finns det många faktorer som påverkartransitionen. Detta beror på att det finns ett tydligt glapp mellan teori och praktik förnyutexaminerade sjuksköterskor, vilket leder till att känslan av att vara redo inför denprofessionella yrkesrollen saknas när det efter examen är dags att börja arbeta somsjuksköterska. Genom att stötta de nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskorna under transitionenfrån novis till kompetent kan man förutom att ge de novisa sjuksköterskorna bättreförutsättningar för att lyckas i yrkesrollen, även främja patientsäkerheten. Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva vad som påverkar den nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskans transitionfrån novis till kompetent i sjukhusmiljö. Metod: Arbetets metod var en icke-systematisk litteraturöversikt. Datainsamlingen utfördes genomdatabassökningar i CINAHL och PubMed och totalt 15 vetenskapliga artiklar inkluderadesi resultatet. Samtliga inkluderade artiklar granskades utifrån Sophiahemmet högskolasbedömningsunderlag för vetenskaplig klassificering avseende studier med kvantitativ ochkvalitativ metodansats. Dataanalysen skedde genom en integrerad analysmetod där deinkluderade artiklarnas resultatdel jämfördes och kategorier togs fram. Resultat: Resultatet visade att det fanns fyra huvudkategorier vilka beskriver hur man kundeunderlätta transitionen från novis till kompetent sjuksköterska i sjukhusmiljö. Kategoriernavar utvecklande och hämmande faktorer, simulationsövningar, kliniska stödprogram ochhandledning. Slutsats: Utvecklande och hämmande faktorer påverkade transitionen till kompetent sjuksköterska.Kliniska stödprogram visade sig vara en stor tillgång för de nyutexamineradesjuksköterskorna. Det kan vara rimligt att öka antalet platser på dessa program som finns ilandet för att alla ska få de bästa förutsättningarna att utvecklas inom yrkesrollen. Ävensimulationsövningar hade en positiv inverkan på de novisa sjuksköterskornaskompetensutveckling. Handledning är också en tillgång men kan däremot behövautvecklas för att uppnå sin fulla potential som stöd i de novisa sjuksköterskornaskompetensutveckling. / Background Many factors affect the transition from novice to competent nurse. This is because there isa gap between theory and practice which leads to a feeling of being unprepared for theprofessional role. By supporting newly graduated nurses during their transition fromnovice to competent nurse, it is possible to give them better conditions to develop theirskills and promote patient safety. Aim The aim was to describe what affects the newly graduated nurse's transition from novice tocompetent in a hospital environment. Method This was a non-systematic literature review. Data collection was performed throughdatabase searches in CINAHL and PubMed. A total of 15 scientific articles were includedin the results. Included articles were reviewed on the basis of Sophiahemmet University'sassessment for scientific classification for quantitative and qualitative method approaches.An integrated data analysis was used where the results part of the included articles wascompared to form categories. Results Four main categories described how to facilitate the transition from novice to competentnurse in a hospital environment. The categories were: developing and inhibiting factors,simulation practice, clinical support programs and preceptorship. Conclusions Developing and inhibiting factors influenced the transition to a competent nurse. Clinicalsupport programs proved to be a great asset for the newly graduated nurses. It may bereasonable to increase the number of places on these programs available in the country sothat everyone has the best conditions to develop in the professional role. Simulationpractice also had a positive impact on their competence development. Preceptorship is alsoan asset but needs to be developed to achieve its full potential as support in the novicenurses' competence development.

Final work - Abstract Surname and Name: Bc. Trčková Dagmar Title of the thesis: Comparison of the requirements for the professional competence and job description of directors of kindergartens in the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic Type of thesis: Diploma thesis Name of faculty: Pedagogická fakulta Univerzity Karlovy v Praze Name of university department: School Management Centre Supervisor: PhDr. Václav Trojan, PhD. Level of professional qualification: Management of education Year of submission of the thesis: 2014 Number of pages: 72 Keywords: Comparison, Kindergarten, Professional Competence, Job Description, Director, Founder

La thèse porte sur la formation des enseignants de FLE exerçant dans les écoles secondaires au Yémen. Notre idée directrice est de démontrer l’importance d’une formation spécialisée, touchant l’enseignement des langues étrangères, en l’occurrence le français - une formation qui n’existe pas au Yémen.Notre problématique s’est construite autour de trois axes principaux : une étude des contextes socioculturel, sociolinguistique, éducatif et institutionnel au Yémen. Le second axe tourne autour d’une étude portant sur les concepts et les notions traitant de la question de la formation des enseignants de FLE. Enfin le troisième axe tourne vers l’élaboration d’un dispositif de formation.Pour mener à bien notre travail, nous avons réalisé des enquêtes sur le terrain au Yémen. Nous avons administré deux questionnaires destinés aux étudiants de 4ème année de licence et aux enseignants de français. Nous avons également réalisé des observations de classes de français dans certaines écoles secondaires à Taëz.Notre travail de thèse a abouti par la conception d’un dispositif de formation des enseignants de FLE, qui prend en compte toutes les composantes et toutes les variables du domaine dans lequel nous avons réalisé notre étude. / The thesis focuses on the training of teachers of FLE (Francais Langue Étrangère) who work in secondary schools in Yemen. Our idea is to demonstrate the importance of specialized training of teaching foreign languages, namely French – a training that does not exist in Yemen.Our research questions are based on three main axes: the first one investigates the sociocultural, sociolinguistic, educational and institutional contexts in Yemen. The second axis explores the concepts and notions which deal with the issue of teacher training of FLE. Finally, the third axis revolves around the development of a training curriculum.Concerning the practical part, we carried out the fieldwork in Yemen. We administered two questionnaires for university students of the fourth year and teachers of French in secondary schools. We also made observations of French classes in some secondary schools in Taiz.Our thesis has resulted in the design of a teacher training curriculum of FLF, taking into account all the components and all the variables of the domain in which we conducted our study.

Este estudo versa sobre a construção do saber gerencial e a conformação de competências gerenciais ao enfermeiro na formação acadêmica. Tem como objetivos: analisar as demandas gerenciais na práxis profissional do enfermeiro inserido no processo de organização do trabalho em saúde e em Enfermagem, determinadas pelas Políticas de Saúde, e analisar o processo de construção das competências gerenciais do acadêmico de Enfermagem, apreendendo as limitações e estratégias advindas do processo ensino-aprendizagem, em face das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais. Trata-se de uma pesquisa fundamentada na Hermenêutica-dialética. Utiliza na coleta de dados a técnica por grupo focal com o aluno, o docente e o enfermeiro de serviço, partícipes do processo ensino-aprendizagem do saber gerencial, no espaço intercessor, nos campos de prática e dos estágios curriculares, no ambiente hospitalar e nos serviços básicos de saúde. A análise de conteúdo aplicada sobre os resultados identifica duas grandes categorias empíricas. Na categoria formação, englobam-se as subcategorias: - construção das dimensões do saber gerencial: processo ensino-aprendizagem nos recortes da relação teoria e prática, das estratégias de ensino-aprendizagem e, das competências dos sujeitos neste processo; - conformação de competências gerenciais, em face das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais, abarcando o perfil do profissional: o exigido e o possível e, as parcerias ensino e serviço. Na categoria atuação profissional, identifica-se a subcategoria: organização do processo de trabalho em saúde e em Enfermagem, desmembrada no processo de trabalho gerencial do enfermeiro e nas políticas administrativas institucionais. As categorias analíticas estão fundamentadas nos três eixos teóricos, sendo que, na dimensão estrutural, consideram a proximidade dos dados empíricos ao contexto das transformações determinadas pelas Políticas de Saúde em relação à organização do trabalho em saúde e na Enfermagem e aos modelos assistenciais e gerenciais existentes. Na dimensão particular, a Política da Educação por meio das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais e do Projeto Pedagógico do curso, que delineiam a formação do enfermeiro, procurando ajustar a formação à práxis, numa perspectiva transformadora, atendendo às demandas sociais e da vida. Assim também, na dimensão singular, o Ensino da Administração em Enfermagem, nas competências técnico-científica, ético-política, comunicativa e de desenvolvimento da cidadania, em que se consideram as práticas e o Estágio Curricular Supervisionado como momentos intercessores entre a teoria e a prática para a conformação de novas competências gerenciais e a consolidação das adquiridas. Os resultados apontam que, na formação e na práxis do enfermeiro, coexistem os paradigmas antagônicos nas instituições de ensino e de serviço, que ainda atendem aos modelos hegemônicos, na saúde e na Educação. Apresentam alguns avanços para a integralidade na dimensão cuidadora, aplicando a estratégia pedagógica da problematização das situações vivenciadas no cotidiano, e para a integração ensino e serviço. Considera-se que, para a conformação de competências gerenciais, numa perspectiva transformadora, é necessário fortalecer a parceria ensino e serviço, no âmbito inter-institucional, aumentar a adesão entre os sujeitos deste estudo, e criar uma rede de sustentação, aproximando os demais profissionais, os usuários/clientes, construindo no coletivo a formação e a práxis, voltadas para as demandas sociais e da vida / This study is about the construction of managerial knowledge as well as the configuration of managerial competences for nurses during their academic graduation. It aims: to analyze the managerial demands of nurses? professional praxis involved in the process of organizing the health and Nursing work, determined by Health Policies, and to analyze the process of building managerial competences upon Nursing academicians, understanding the limitations and strategies occurred from the teaching and learning process. It is a research founded upon dialectic-Hermeneutics. The technique of the focal group is used in the data collection with, the student, the professor and the nurse on shift, participants on the teaching-learning process of the managerial knowledge, in the interceding space, in the fields of practice and curricular training, in the hospital environment and in the basic health-care services. The analysis of the contents applied to the results identifies two great empirical categories. Within the formation category the following subcategories are embodied: - building up the managerial knowledge dimensions: a teaching-learning process comprising the relation between theory and practice, the strategies of teaching-learning and the individuals? competences in this process; as well as the conformation of managerial competences, face the National Curricular Directives, comprehending the professional?s profile: the required and the possible, and the teaching and service partnerships. Within the professional performance category, it is identified the subcategory as follows: the organization of the working process in health and Nursing, dismembered in the nurse?s managerial work and in the institutional administrative policies. The analytic categories are founded on three main theoretic axis; so that, in the structural dimension it is considered the proximity of empirical data to the context of the transformations determined by the Health Policies regarding the work organization in health and Nursing, and also the present assistance and managerial models. In the private dimension, the Education Policy through the National Curricular Directives and the Pedagogical Project of the course, that outline the nurse?s graduation profile seeking to adjust education to praxis, under a transforming view, attending to social and life demands. And also, in the singular dimension, the Administration Teaching in Nursing, in the techno-scientific, the ethic-politics and the communicative competences as well as in citizenship development in which the Supervised Curricular Training Program is considered as an interceding space between theory and practice for the configuration of new managerial competences and the consolidation of those already acquired. The results point out that in the nurse?s background and praxis coexist the antagonistic paradigms in the teaching and service institutions, which still follow hegemonic models, in health and Education. They present some improvements towards integrality in the caring dimension applying the pedagogic strategy of shaping the problems from the daily situations, and towards the teaching-service integration. It?s considered that for the configuration of managerial competences, under a transforming perspective, it is necessary to strengthen the teaching and service partnership, within the inter-institutional ambit, to increase adhesion between the subjects to this study, and create a new supporting network, approximating the other professionals, and the customers, building up collectively the graduation and the praxis, turned toward social an life demands

Ao longo dos anos o tema competência profissional tem se constituído foco de atenção de enfermeiros e organizações hospitalares, visto que a equipe de enfermagem representa uma parcela significativa dos recursos humanos alocados nas instituições, interferindo diretamente na eficácia, qualidade e custo da assistência à saúde prestada. O ambiente de trabalho em unidades de pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca coloca o enfermeiro diante do desafio de exercer funções e atividades complexas, visando assistência de enfermagem holística e qualificada ao paciente hospitalizado. E para que isso seja possível é necessário desenvolver competências específicas nesses profissionais, tendo em vista o cenário de alta complexidade e que a mobilização de competências poderá refletir significativamente nos resultados obtidos na assistência. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar as competências dos enfermeiros para atuarem no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca e as estratégias para a mobilização destas competências. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório, de abordagem qualitativa, tendo como desenho metodológico o estudo de caso coletivo. A investigação foi realizada em três unidades de alta complexidade que prestam assistência a pacientes no pós-operatório de cirurgias cardíacas e os participantes foram 18 enfermeiros. Para a coleta de dados utilizou-se duas fontes de evidência, a observação direta, não participante, com roteiro estruturado e a entrevista semiestruturada. Para interpretação dos dados deste estudo optou-se pela análise temática. Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram que em relação ao perfil dos participantes a maioria é do sexo feminino, na faixa etária entre 24 e 40 anos e a maior parte concluiu o curso de graduação em enfermagem entre 2001 a 2012. Em relação ao tempo de trabalho metade dos profissionais estão a menos de quatro anos na instituição. Quanto ao tempo de experiência nas unidades pós-operatórias de cirurgias cardíacas, pouco mais da metade possuem até quatro anos de tempo de trabalho no setor. E a maior parte deles apresentou especialização lato sensu em áreas de alta complexidade, sendo dois enfermeiros na área de cardiologia. A análise temática dos dados possibilitou identificar nove competências dos enfermeiros: conhecimento teórico-prático, cuidados de enfermagem de alta complexidade, supervisão e liderança em enfermagem, tomada de decisão, gerenciamento de conflitos, de recursos humanos, materiais, financeiros e educação continuada em serviço. Também verificamos que as organizações hospitalares bem como os próprios profissionais buscam e utilizam estratégias para desenvolverem competências profissionais. Acredita-se que este estudo, seja de grande relevância ao contribuir para que enfermeiros e organizações estejam atentos, quanto às competências necessárias para atuarem em unidades de cuidados críticos, como as unidades de pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca, e que as instituições implementem programas para desenvolver estas competências de acordo com as necessidades de cada serviço, promovendo a melhoria da qualidade do atendimento prestado. Recomenda-se ainda ampliar o estudo para outras categorias profissionais, com vistas à comparação e/ou generalização dos dados de maneira a contribuir para identificar lacunas na formação dos profissionais enfermeiros quanto às competências que devem ser desenvolvidas para a demanda de unidades pós-operatórias de cirurgias cardíacas / Over the years the professional competence issue has constituted a focus of attention of nurses and hospital organizations, as the nursing staff represents a significant portion of human resources allocated to institutions, directly interfering with efficiency, quality and cost of health care provided. The working environment in cardiac surgery postoperative units puts the nurse facing the challenge of exercising functions and complex activities, to holistic nursing care and qualified for hospitalized patients. And for this to be possible it is necessary to develop specific skills in these professionals, in view of the highly complex scenario and the mobilization of expertise can significantly reflect the results obtained in assistance. This research aimed to analyze the competences of nurses to work in the post-cardiac surgery and strategies for mobilizing these competences. This is an exploratory study with a qualitative approach, and the methodological design of the study collective case. The research was conducted in three highly complex units that provide care to patients in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery and participants were 18 nurses. To collect data, we used two sources of evidence, direct observation, not a participant, with structured script and semi- structured interview. To interpret the data it was decided to thematic analysis. In relation to the profile of the participants, the results showed that most were female, aged between 24 and 40 years, and most of the completed undergraduate degree in nursing from 2001 to 2012.In relation to working time half of professionals are less than four years in the institution. As for the time of experience in postoperative cardiac surgery units, slightly more than half have up to four years of working time in the area. And most of them had broad sense specialization in highly complex areas, two nurses in cardiology. Thematic analysis of the data enabled the identification of nine competences of nurses: theoretical and practical knowledge, high complexity nursing care, supervision and nursing leadership, decision making, conflict management, human resources, material, financial and continuing education in service. We also found that hospital organizations and the professionals themselves seek and use strategies to develop professional skills. It is believed that this study will be of great importance to contribute to nurses and organizations are aware about the competences needed to work in critical care units, such as postoperative cardiac surgery units and that institutions implement programs to develop these competences according to the needs of each service, promoting the improvement of quality of care. It is also recommended to expand the study to other professions, in order to compare and / or generalization of data in order to help identify gaps in the training of nursing professionals about the skills that should be developed for the demand of postoperative units cardiac surgery