Diploma thesis discusses yuppie lifestyle and its successor bobo lifestyle in the context of postmodern transformation of society. Through the construction of weighted additive index of yuppie and bobo lifestyle the study is asking whether the young, economically active Czech population tends to these ways of life, or even has their representatives, to what extent they meet the American image of yuppies and bobos, which is their socio-demographic profile and mutual relationship. These questions are examined twice, in 2001 and in late 2011 and 2012, so we can observe development of these two lifestyles in terms of Ingelhart's transition theory from materialist to post-materialist values . The thesis shows that we can find a group of people professing the whole set of yuppie atittudes and also a group that is with some reservations similar to bobos. Detected high rate of closeness of both lifestyles, however, leads to a redefinition of purely materialistic yuppies for the Czech environment and to identification of yuppie lifestyle with post-materialist consciousness. Bobos are permanently characterized only by university education, pos-materialistic yuppies also by the highest personal income and household income. Number of post-materialist yuppies is more than twice bigger than bobos, during the...

Bakgrund   Obesitas beskrivs som onormal eller överdriven fettansamling, som kan påverka hälsan. Eftersom obesitas är ett växande problem runt om i världen så kommer hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal träffa på personer med obesitas allt mer. Målet med Hälso- och sjukvårdslagen är en god hälsa och vård på lika villkor för hela befolkningen. Den vård som hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal ger, ska ges med respekt och utifrån alla människors lika värde. Syfte Syftet var att belysa attityder bland hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal till patienter med obesitas. Metod Denna icke- systematiska litteraturöversikt utgick från 15 vetenskapliga artiklar med kvantitativ, kvalitativ och mixed ansats. Artiklarna valdes noga ut genom utformade söktermer relevanta för syftet, och inhämtades från databaserna CINAHL och PubMed. Artiklarna granskades utifrån Sophiahemmet högskolas granskningsmall och därefter gjordes en integrerad dataanalys, där data från artiklarna sorterades in i kategorier. Resultat Litteraturöversiktens resultat belyser attityder som finns hos hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal till personer med obesitas. Resultatet visar att attityderna var kritiska, fördomsfulla, ansvarsfulla samt empatiska, där de kritiska och fördomsfulla attityderna var överrepresenterade. Slutsats Det finns attityder hos hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal om personer med obesitas. Attityderna är övervägande kritiska och fördomsfulla, vilket kan bidra till ett ökat vårdlidande, sjukdomslidande och livslidande för dessa patienter. Attityderna kan ändras genom känslighetsträning. / Background Obesity is described as an abnormal or excessive fat accumulation, which can affect health. As obesity is a growing problem around the world, healthcare professionals will encounter people with obesity more often. The purpose of Swedish healthcare legislation is good health and care on equal terms for the entire population. The care provided by health care professionals must be given with respect and dignity and based on the equal value of all people. Aim To illustrate attitudes among healthcare professionals regarding patients with obesity. Method The non-systematic literature review was based on 15 scientific articles with quantitative, qualitative and mixed design. The articles were carefully selected through formulated search terms, and then retrieved from the databases, CINAHL and PubMed. The articles were then reviewed based on Sophiahemmet Universitys review template and then integrated via data analysis. The articles were then sorted into categories. Results The results of the literature review illustrate attitudes of health care professionals towards people with obesity. The results show that the attitudes were critical, prejudiced, responsible and empathetic, where the critical and prejudiced attitudes were overrepresented. Conclusions There are attitudes among health care professionals about people with obesity. The attitudes are predominantly critical and prejudiced, which can contribute to increased care suffering, disease suffering and life suffering for these patients. Attitudes can be changed through sensitivity training.

Bakgrund En av tre kvinnor har någon gång under deras livstid blivit utsatta för våld i nära relation. Mäns våld mot kvinnor är ett jämställdhetsproblem som hindrar kvinnor från sina mänskliga rättigheter. Hälso- och sjukvården ska förespråka att våld i nära relation är oacceptabelt. För att kunna vårda dessa kvinnor behöver hälso- och sjukvården tid, beredskap, kunskap och goda rutiner. Syfte Att beskriva vilka erfarenheter kvinnor som utsätts för våld i nära relation har av kontakt med hälso- och sjukvården. Metod En strukturerad litteraturstudie som baseras på 10 vetenskapliga artiklar med kvalitativ och kvantitativ design. Artiklarna i studien eftersöktes i databaserna Cinahl, PubMed och PsycInfo. En kvalitetsgranskning gjordes med hjälp av SBU:s granskningsmallar och analyserades efter Fribergs analysmodell. Resultat I resultatet framkommer det att kvinnorna i de olika studierna har ett behov av trygghet, ett bra bemötande, stöd, integritet och att bli frågade om våldet. Utifrån det delades resultatet in i fem olika teman, bemötande, stöd och information, vikten av integritet, trygghet och tillit samt att ställa frågan. Slutsats Kvinnor som lever i våld i nära relation har liknande erfarenheter av kontakt med hälso-och sjukvården. De positiva erfarenheter präglas av ett gott bemötande och god information, vilket visar sig kunna lindra lidandet hos kvinnorna. De negativa erfarenheterna präglades av ett dåligt bemötande av hälso-och sjukvårdspersonalen vilket orsakade ett ökat vårdlindande. Studien visar att en god relation till kvinnorna och ett gott bemötande är viktigt. / Background One in three women has at some point in their lives been exposed to violence in a close relationship. Men's violence against women is a gender equality problem that prevents women from their human rights. The health care system must advocate that violence in a close relationship is unacceptable. To be able to care for these women, the health service needs time, preparedness, knowledge and good routines. Aim To describe what experiences women who are exposed to violence in close relationships have from contact with health care. Method A structured literature study based on 10 scientific articles with qualitative and quantitative design. The articles in the study were searched in the databases Cinahl, PubMed and PsycInfo. A quality review was performed with the help of SBU's review templates and was analyzed according to Friberg's analysis model. Results The results show that the women in the various studies have a need for security, a good treatment, support, integrity and to be asked about the violence. Based on this, the results were divided into five different themes, attitudes, support and information, the importance of integrity, security and trust and asking the question. Conclusions Women who live in violence in close relationships have similar experiences of contact with health care. The positive experiences are characterized by a good treatment and good information, which proves to alleviate the suffering of women. The negative experiences were characterized by a poor treatment of the health care staff, which caused an increase in care relief. The study shows that a good relationship with women and a good attitude are important.

The article provides an overview of efforts to improve public health and health education training and on the potential use of Critical Component Elements (CCEs) for undergraduate health education programs toward more consistent quality assurance across programs. Considered in the context of the Galway Consensus Conference, the authors discuss the need for consistency in health education and public health quality assurance and curricular development. They discuss emerging quality assurance trends in relation to newly approved CCEs by the Association of Schools of Public Health after being developed by the Framing the Future Task Force: The Second 100 Years for Public Health. The CCE development process is discussed including its consideration as a tool program, which can be used to develop or refine undergraduate health education professional preparation programs. The authors suggest that CCEs should be "cross-walked" against existing health education undergraduate-level competencies. The authors conclude that CCEs may serve the long-term health education goal of accreditation for undergraduate health education and promote the tradition of strong undergraduate health education within a broader framework of public health and health promotion.

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No description available.

In 2013–2014, a cross-sectional, exploratory, survey design was used to obtain a conservative estimate of relapse among a sample of recovering addiction professionals in the United States and to identify potential predictors for relapse. The sample (n = 265) was drawn from the International Certification and Reciprocity Consortium. The relapse rate for the sample was 14.7%. Two predictors for relapse were identified in the stepwise logistic regression. The more mutual-aid group meetings respondents attended per month, the less likely they were to have experienced relapse (Wald = 7.956, p =.005), and the longer participants had been in recovery when their careers began, the less likely they were to have experienced relapse (Wald = 4.366, p =.037). The authors provide suggestions regarding the recovery health of recovering addiction professionals as well as recommendations for future research.

Through a qualitative case study, this study explores why enterprise social media is used for knowledge sharing among information professionals, and what factors drive and hinder sharing knowledge on enterprise social media among information professionals. Data was collected through online semi-structured interviews with seven information professionals based in a Scandinavian country. Qualitative analysis of content was used in this study and the results were analyzed according to the affordances of enterprise social media of visibility, persistence and association, and related to previous research. The study concludes that information professionals use enterprise social media for knowledge sharing to increase their professional development, and there are diverse factors influencing knowledge sharing on enterprise social media. Some significant drivers to knowledge sharing are helping others and develop expertise. Significant barriers are fear of sharing and lack of trust in content. The outcome of this study gives a better understanding of why information professionals use enterprise social media for knowledge sharing and what factors influence their knowledge sharing practices on enterprise social media.

The climate at the emergency room is stressful and the staff is under high pressure. Communication between staff and patients is suffering from this and the number of complaints about communication has increased in Sweden. Patients want to be seen as human beings, taken seriously and given attention. There are several factors that can affect the encounter. The purpose of this literature review is to describe the patient's experience of the encounter with the care staff at a visit to the emergency room.  Literature review based on 14 qualitative articles with descriptive design that’s been published between 1999-2019. The databases PubMed and CINAHL were used in the data collection. Joyce Travelbee's nursing theory formed the theoretical framework of the literature review.  Three categories were identified: The first encounter, information and communication, and vulnerable patient groups. The majority of patients feel that a good response includes active listening, good eye contact, respect for privacy and integrity as well as a common respect between patient and staff. A distinct difference between patients´ experience before and after the triage as identified and several felt lonely and forgotten while waiting for help.  Several factors that would improve patients' experience of the encounter at the emergency room were identified. However, there are difficulties in implementing these because the staffs´ situation is stressed and many show signs of burnout, leading to impaired treatment of patients. More research on the subject is needed to be able to draw stronger conclusions.

Many researchers have suggested positive patient-health provider relationships can positively impact patient outcomes. A few focused explicitly on bariatric weight loss surgery (BWLS) professional-patient interactions. This study is significant because BWLS is a recommended tool to combat obesity. The purpose of this study was to analyze the perceptions of BWLS education nurses regarding their patient encounters. This mixed methods research study used an online survey combining quantitative Likert scale questions and open-ended qualitative questions, with social cognitive theory as the theoretical foundation. These explored viewpoints relate to their patient relations expressed by a health professional. Health professional beliefs incorporated into patient interactions has merit within BWLS continuum from presurgery requirements, to the procedure, and post-surgery lifestyle. Many respondents are employed in obesity services programs and received 'snowballs' from other contacted health professionals. The analyzed written response word clouds favor patient-focused care. Participation reluctance by not answering or skipping short answer perspective questions was a quantitative trend. Data revealed survey specific noticeable qualitative tendencies favorable toward patient-centered care and patient health accountability. The anticipated positive social change is a better understanding of issues surrounding the choice for and against BWLS and improved healthcare and health professional-patient communications.