Orientador: Nina Virginia de Araujo Leite / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-12T15:58:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Leite_ClaudiaAparecidadeOliveira_D.pdf: 1255162 bytes, checksum: 51312fad47da614f80adcf78bf6149e9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: O nome próprio possui, na língua, um lugar de difícil manejo e elaboração teórica. Essa dificuldade de análise se torna potencializada quando se trata de nome próprio de pessoa, pois o nome próprio, no caso do humano, inclui um corpo. Essa tese, que já destaca em seu título o laço que liga nome e corpo, pretende discutir as vicissitudes cabíveis nesse enlaçamento. Para tal, partimos dos movimentos constitutivos que participam da emergência do sujeito e que estão implicados no ato de nomear (n'homear) salientando a dimensão do Nome-do-Pai nesse ato. Tais apontamentos foram construídos considerando a leitura que Freud fez do caso Schreber e as elaborações de Lacan sobre James Joyce, letra e escrita. / Abstract: Not informed. / Doutorado / Linguistica / Doutor em Linguística

I present the development of two near infrared proper motion pipelines for high resolution near infrared data from UKIDSS and the VISTA VVV survey. The UKIDSS pipeline is capable of accuracies of order 5-10 mas yr⁻¹ for bright sources with the largest epoch baselines (~ 8 years). The VVV pipeline reaches 1-2 mas yr⁻¹ proper motion precision at the bright end and parallax measurements at ~ 1 mas precision. It will be possible to improve upon the VVV astrometric precision due to increases in data volume and further pipeline development. I have used the proper motion pipelines to generate three near infrared proper motion catalogues of the UKIDSS LAS and GPS and the VVV survey. The LAS proper motion catalogue covers 1500 deg2 at high Galactic latitudes and contains approximately 15 million sources with two J band epochs. The GPS proper motion catalogue covers 1500 deg2 of the northern Galactic plane and contains approximately 400 million sources with two K band epochs. The VVV proper motion catalogue covers 560 deg2 of the Galactic bulge and disc and contains approximately 200 million sources with between 50 and 150 Ks band epochs. I have also produced a preliminary 5σ parallax catalogue containing 3403 VVV sources. The LAS and GPS proper motion catalogues have been used by myself and other authors to identify and study many new examples of high proper motion stars, brown dwarfs, ul-tracool dwarf benchmark candidates, cool white dwarfs, substellar subdwarfs and nearby sources within < 25 pc. These catalogues remain far from fully exploited and will be a useful resource for future research by the astronomical community. Exploitation of the VVV proper motion catalogue is still in its infancy, yet it has already generated large numbers of new high proper motion sources. These include new brown dwarf candi-dates, important benchmark objects, and nearby sources which have previously avoided detection. Parallax results from the VVV pipeline will be useful to improve low mass star/ultracool dwarf luminosity functions, significantly increasing the numbers of brown dwarfs with known parallaxes and illustrates how general purpose multi-epoch wide area surveys can generate parallaxes. Finally, I discuss the long term usefulness of such catalogues in the Gaia era and how they might be exploited in the future.

Nous étudions la déformation d'une capsule dans un canal microftuidique expérimentalement et numériquement. L'écoulement des rnicrocapsules est d'abord étudié numériquement dans un canal droit à section carrée. L'objectif est de développer une méthode de caractérisation des propriétés mécaniques de la membrane des capsules, à partir de leur déformation dans le canal. Nous avons mis en place une méthode d’identification afin de comparer la déformation des capsules observée expérimentalement et celle prédite par un modèle numérique tridimensionnel correspondant. La précision et la robustesse de l'algorithme d'analyse inverse ont été étudiées en faisant varier légèrement la géométrie des canaux. Finalement, la méthode a été utilisée afin de déterminer les propriétés mécaniques de rnicrocapsules dont la membrane est faite d’albumine réticulée. Nous avons ensuite appliqué une méthode de décomposition orthogonale aux valeurs propres (POD) aux formes prises par les capsules lors de leur passage dans un canal droit ou bifurqué. Des données numériques ont d 'abord été utilisées afin de déterminer la dimension de la variété des formes prises par une capsule dans un canal droit. La base POD ainsi construite a été utilisée pour interpoler les formes et obtenir la déformation d'une capsule à tous les temps, et pour tout paramètre d’écoulement. Nous avons également étudié expérimentalement les microcapsules lors de leur déformation dans un canal bifurqué. Nous avons ainsi obtenu les premiers résultats qualitatifs pour cette configuration. Nous avons développé un programme de détection de contour semi-automatique afin de faciliter le traitement d’image. Enfin, nous avons appliqué la méthode POD sur ces contours 2D réalistes et ainsi démontré la faisabilité d'utiliser une base réduite POD pour décrire la déformation de capsules clans un canal bifurqué. / The motion and deformation of a liquid-filled classic microcapsule flowing in microchannels is investigated bath experimentally and numerically. The flow of capsules into a straight microfluidic channel with a square cross-section is firstly studied. The objective is to develop a method to determine the mechanical properties of the capsule membrane from its hydrodynamic deformation. A method of identification has been devised to compare the particle deformed shape measured experimentally in the microchannels to the ones predicted by a three-dimensional numerical model for the same configuration. The precision and robustness of the inverse analysis algorithm have been tested when the microfluidic channels slightly depart from pure squareness. We have finally applied the method on microcapsules with a membrane made of reticulated albumin and determined their rnechanical properties. A Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) has then been applied to the shapes assumed by the capsules while flowing in either a straight or bi­ furcated channel. Using numerical data in a straight channel, we have determined the dimension of the capsule shape variety. We have then interpolated the coefficients resulting from the POD analysis to compute the capsule deformed shape at any time for any flow parameter. Capsules have finally been investigated flowing in a bifurcated microchannel. Qualitative results of the motion and deformation of capsules in such channel have been obtained. A semi-automatic contour detection program has been developed to improve the image analysis. The POD method has been applied to the experimental results, thus proving the feasibility of building a reduced-order model of the phenomenon by using a POD reduced basis.

Identifying the parameters with the largest influence on the predicted outputs of a model revealswhich parameters need to be known more precisely to reduce the overall uncertainty on themodel output. A large improvement of such models would result when uncertainties in the keymodel parameters are reduced. To achieve this, new experiments could be very helpful,especially if the measurements are taken at the spatio-temporal locations that allow estimate the parameters in an optimal way. After evaluating the methodologies available for optimal sensor location, a few observations were drawn. The method based on the Gram determinant evolution can report results not according to what should be expected. This method is strongly dependent of the sensitivity coefficients behaviour. The approach based on the maximum angle between subspaces, in some cases, produced more that one optimal solution. It was observed that this method depends on the magnitude of outputs values and report the measurement positions where the outputs reached their extrema values. The D-optimal design method produces number and locations of the optimal measurements and it depends strongly of the sensitivity coefficients, but mostly of their behaviours. In general it was observed that the measurements should be taken at the locations where the extrema values (sensitivity coefficients, POD modes and/or outputs values) are reached. Further improvements can be obtained when a reduced model of the system is employed. This is computationally less expensive and the best estimation of the parameter is obtained, even with experimental data contaminated with noise. A new approach to calculate the time coefficients belonging to an empirical approximator based on the POD-modes derived from experimental data is introduced. Additionally, an artificial neural network can be used to calculate the derivatives but only for systems without complex nonlinear behaviour. The latter two approximations are very valuable and useful especially if the model of the system is unknown.

In this thesis, the method of Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) is implemented to construct approximate, reduced order models (ROM) of mesh movement methods. Three mesh movement algorithms are implemented and comparatively evaluated, namely radial basis function interpolation, mesh optimization and elastic deformation. POD models of the mesh movement algorithms are constructed using a series of system observations, or snapshots of a given mesh for a set of boundary deformations. The scalar expansion coefficients for the POD basis modes are computed in three different ways, through coefficient optimization, Galerkin projection of the governing set of equations and coefficient interpolation. It is found that using only coefficient interpolation yields mesh movement models that accurately approximates the full order mesh movement, with CPU cost savings in excess of 99%. We further introduce a novel training procedure whereby the POD models are generated in a fully automated fashion. The technology is applicable to any mesh movement method and enables potential reductions of up to four orders of magnitude in mesh movement related costs. The proposed model can be implemented without having to pre-train the POD model, to any fluid-structure interaction code with an existing mesh movement scheme. Copyright / Dissertation (MEng)--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering / unrestricted

[EN] Thesis exposition and summary. This thesis focuses on giving light to the current state of traditional numerical methods, the constraints we face, and the different solutions that are being proposed for the simulation of the electromagnetic behaviour of different materials as electrical conductors in transmission lines and grounding facilities, based on the formulation that defines the Electromagnetic Field Theory (Maxwell Laws), and the different conditions of each particular problem to solve. The main aim of the thesis is to investigate the application of numerical techniques very recently applied, known as the Proper Generalized Decomposition (PGD). Based on a novel technique of decomposition of multidimensional variables (such as in electromagnetic field) in a sum of products (modes) of one-dimensional variables, and using iterative algorithms, PGD can address with a reduced need for computational media, complex problems whose solution requires extraordinary means using traditional techniques. These new techniques have been successfully applied in other domains, such as the simulation of mechanical components and materials science. The aim of this thesis is the application of these new techniques to the simulation of electromagnetic phenomena in the different elements designed for the use of electricity. The thesis focuses on the development of modelling power transmission conductor energy and grounding networks, basic structures in electrical technology but serve to analyze and observe in detail, as well as to validate with traditional methods of proven reliability, the great potential of PGD, leaving open the application of the technique to technically complex as transformers and rotating machines in future works of the Electrical Equipment, Systems and Facilities Research Group (ISEE) of the Polytechnic University of Valencia (UPV). The main novelties of the thesis on previous work are part of the objectives, and are as follows: -Optimization on PGD technique. In this thesis has been chosen by an application of PGD with maximum decomposition in elementary functions, i.e., modes will be considered consisting of products of functions exclusively one-dimensional (x, y, z, t, frequency, etc.), then discretized with uniform dimensional meshes. This will lead us to obtain simple codes, which require easy deployment and reduced computational resources. -Applications of PGD to electromagnetism field, since the vast majority of references that can be found in the application of PGD concern the field of mechanics and materials. This work aims to use advances made in these fields, and apply to the field of electromagnetism, where only very few works have been published in recent years, with the aim of contributing to further open a new front in the development and application of technology that allows to overcome the limitations and problems that far presented with traditional techniques resolution. / [ES] Planteamiento y resumen de la tesis doctoral. La presente tesis se centra en dar luz al estado actual de los métodos numéricos tradicionales, las limitaciones a las que nos enfrentamos, y las diferentes soluciones que se están planteando para la simulación del comportamiento electromagnético de diferentes materiales como conductores eléctricos en líneas de transmisión e instalaciones de puesta a tierra, basándose en la formulación que define la Teoría de Campos Electromagnéticos (Leyes de Maxwell), y las diferentes condiciones de cada problema particular a resolver. El objetivo principal de la tesis es el investigar la aplicación de técnicas numéricas de muy reciente aplicación, conocidas como la Descomposición Propia Generalizada (Proper Generalized Decomposition PGD). Basándose en una técnica novedosa de descomposición de las variables multidimensionales (como en el campo electromagnético) en una suma de productos (modos) de variables unidimensionales, y mediante algoritmos iterativos, la PGD permite abordar, con una reducida necesidad de medios computacionales, problemas complejos cuya solución requiere medios extraordinarios empleando las técnicas tradicionales. Estas nuevas técnicas han sido aplicadas con éxito en otros dominios, como el de la simulación de elementos mecánicos y en ciencia de los materiales. El objetivo de la presente tesis es precisamente el de la aplicación de estas novedosas técnicas a la simulación de fenómenos electromagnéticos en los diferentes elementos diseñados para la utilización de la energía eléctrica. La tesis se centra en el desarrollo de la modelización de conductores de transmisión de energía eléctricas y redes de puesta a tierra, estructuras básicas en la tecnología eléctrica pero que sirven para analizar y observar con detalle además de validar con métodos tradicionales, de demostrada fiabilidad, el gran potencial de la PGD, dejando abierta la aplicación de la técnica a elementos técnicamente más complejos como transformadores y máquinas rotativas en futuros trabajos del Grupo de Investigación de Instalaciones, Sistemas y Equipos Eléctricos (ISEE) de la Universidad Politécnica de Valencia (UPV). Las principales novedades que aporta la tesis sobre trabajos realizados anteriormente son parte de los objetivos que persigue, y son las siguientes: - Optimización de la técnica de la PGD. En la presente tesis se ha optado por una aplicación de la PGD con la máxima descomposición posible en funciones elementales, es decir, los modos se considerarán formados por productos de funciones exclusivamente unidimensionales (x, y, z, t, frecuencia, etc.), discretizadas posteriormente con mallas unidimensionales uniformes. Esto nos llevará a obtener códigos simples, de sencilla implementación y que necesitarán de reducidos recursos computacionales. - Aplicación de la PGD al campo del Electromagnetismo, ya que la gran mayoría de las referencias que se pueden encontrar en la aplicación de la PGD se refieren al campo de la mecánica y los materiales. Este trabajo pretende utilizar avances logrados en esos campos, y aplicarlos al campo del electromagnetismo, donde sólo muy pocos trabajos han sido publicados en los últimos años, con el objetivo de contribuir a seguir abriendo un nuevo frente en el desarrollo y aplicación de la técnica, que permita vencer las limitaciones y problemas que hasta el momento se presentan con las técnicas de resolución tradicionales. / [CAT] Plantejament i resum de la tesi doctoral. La present tesi se centra a donar llum a l'estat actual dels mètodes numèrics tradicionals, les limitacions a què ens enfrontem, i les diferents sol¿lucions que s'estan plantejant per a la simulació del comportament electromagnètic de diversos materials com a conductors elèctrics en linies de transmissió i instal¿lacions d'enclavament a terra, basant-se en la formulació que defineix la Teoria de Camps Electromagnètics (Lleis de Maxwell) , i les diferents condicions de cada problema particular a resoldre. L'objectiu principal de la tesi és investigar l'aplicació de tècniques numèriques de molt recent aplicació, conegudes com la Descomposició Pròpia Generalitzada (Proper Generalized Decomposition PGD). Basant-se en una tècnica nova de descomposició de les variables multidimensionales (com en el camp electromagnètic) en una suma de productes (modes) de variables unidimensionals, i per mitjà d'algoritmes iteratius. La PGD permet abordar, amb una reduïda necessitat de mitjans computacionals, problemes complexos la sol¿lució de la qual requereix mitjans extraordinaris emprant les tècniques tradicionals. Tals tècniques han sigut aplicades amb èxit en altres dominis, com el de la simulació d'elements mecànics i en ciència dels materials. L'objectiu de la present tesi és precisament el de l'aplicació d'estes noves tècniques a la simulació de fenòmens electromagnètics en els diversos elements dissenyats per a l'utilització de l'energia elèctrica. La tesi es centra en el desenrotllament de la modelització de conductors de transmissió d'energia eléctrica i xarxes d'enclavament a terra, estructures bàsiques en la tecnologia elèctrica però que serveixen per a analitzar i observar amb detall a més de validar amb mètodes tradicionals, de demostrada fiabilitat, el gran potencial de la PGD, deixant oberta l'aplicació de la tècnica a elements tècnicament més complexos com a transformadors i màquines rotatives en futures treballs del Grup d'Investigació d'Instal¿lacions, Sistemes i Equips Elèctrics (ISEE) de la Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV). Les principals novetats que aporta la tesi sobre treballs realitzats anteriorment són part dels objectius que persegueix, i són les següents: -Optimització de la tècnica de la PGD. En la present tesi s'ha optat per una aplicació de la PGD amb la màxima descomposició possible en funcions elementals, és a dir, els modes es consideraran formats per productes de funcions exclusivament unidimensionals (x, y, z, t, freqüència, etc.), discretizadas amb malles unidimensionals uniformes. Açò ens portarà a obtindre còdics simples, de senzilla implementació i que necessitaran de reduïts recursos computacionals. -Aplicació de la PGD al camp de l'Electromagnetisme, ja que la gran majoria de les referències que es poden trobar en l'aplicació de la PGD es refereixen al camp de la mecànica i els materials. Este treball pretén utilitzar avanços aconseguits en esses camps, i aplicar-los al camp de l'electromagnetisme, on només molt pocs treballs han sigut publicats en els últims anys, amb l'objectiu de contribuir a continuar obrint un nou front en el desentrollament i aplicació de la tècnica, que permeta véncer les limitacions i problemes que fins al moment es presenten amb les tècniques de resol¿lució tradicionals. / Lázaro García, J. (2016). Contribución al cálculo de elementos en instalaciones eléctricas mediante PGD (Proper Generalized Decomposition) [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/61966 / TESIS

Cette thèse de doctorat est consacrée à l'étude des problèmes directe et inverse en électrophysiologie cardiaque. Comme les équations qui décrivent l'activité électrique du coeur peuvent être très couteuses en temps de calcul, une attention particulière est apportée aux méthodes d'ordre réduit et à leur applications aux modèles de l'électrophysiologie.Dans un premier temps, nous introduisons les modèles mathématiques et numériques de l'électrophysiologie cardiaque. Ces modèles nous permettent de réaliser des simulations numériques que nous validons à l'aide de plusieurs critères qualitatifs et quantitatifs trouvés dans la littérature médicale. Comme notre modèle prend en compte les oreillettes et les ventricules, nous sommes capables de reproduire des cycles complets d'électrocardiogrammes (ECG) à la fois dans des conditions saines et dans des cas pathologiques.Ensuite, plusieurs méthodes d'ordre réduit sont étudiées pour la résolution des équations de l'électrophysiologie. La méthode Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) est appliquée pour la discrétisation des équations de l'électrophysiologie dans plusieurs configurations, comme par exemple la simulation d'un infarctus du myocarde. De plus, cette méthode est utilisée pour résoudre quelques problèmes d'identification de paramètres comme localiser un infarctus à partir de mesures d'un électrocardiogramme ou simuler une courbe de restitution. Pour contourner les limitations de la POD, une nouvelle méthode basée sur des couples de Lax approchés (Approximated Lax Pairs, ALP) est utilisée. Cette méthode est appliquée aux problèmes directe et inverse. Pour finir, un nouvel algorithme, basé sur les méthodes ALP et l'interpolation empirique discrète, est proposé. Cette nouvelle approche améliore significativement l'efficacité de l'algorithme original ALP et nous permet de considérer des modèles plus complexes utilisés en électrophysiologie cardiaque. / This PhD thesis is dedicated to the investigation of the forward and the inverse problem of cardiac electrophysiology. Since the equations that describe the electrical activity of the heart can be very demanding from a computational point of view, a particular attention is paid to the reduced order methods and to their application to the electrophysiology models. First, we introduce the mathematical and numerical models of electrophysiology and we implement them to provide for simulations that are validated against various qualitative and quantitative criteria found in the medical literature. Since our model takes into account atria and ventricles, we are able to reproduce full cycle Electrocardiograms (ECG) in healthy configurations and also in the case of several pathologies. Then, several reduced order methods are investigated for the resolution of the electrophysiology equations. The Proper orthogonal Decomposition (POD) method is applied for the discretization of the electrophysiology equations in several configurations, as for instance the simulation of a myocardial infarction. Also, the method is used in order to solve some parameters identification problems such as the identification of an infarcted zone using the Electrocardiogram measures and for the efficient simulation of restitution curves. To circumvent some limitations of the POD method, a new reduced order method based on the Approximated Lax Pairs (ALP) is investigated. This method is applied to the forward and inverse problems. Finally, a new reduced order algorithm is proposed, based on the ALP and the Discrete Empirical Interpolation methods. This new approach significantly improves the efficiency of the original ALP algorithm and allow us to consider more complex models used in electrophysiology.

Les oxydes de métaux de transition sont largement utilisés en raison de leurs propriétés fondamentales intéressantes et de leurs applications importantes. En particulier, CuCrO2 est d’un intérêt particulier parce qu’il possède un état multiferroïque en absence de champ magnétique. Dans cette thèse, nous modélisons les propriétés magnéto-électriques de CuCrO2 par simulations Monte Carlo basées sur des paramètres magnétiques déterminés par calculs ab initio. Nous étudions également l’effet du dopage du Ga sur les propriétés magnéto-électriques du composé CuCr1-xGaxO2 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0:3). Nos résultats sontqualitativement en accord avec les observations expérimentales. / Transition metal oxides are widely used due to their interesting fundamental properties and important applications. In particular, CuCrO2 is of special interest because it enters the multiferroic state in zero magnetic fields. In this thesis we model the magnetoelectric properties of CuCrO2 using Monte Carlo simulations with the help of ab initio calculations.We also investigate the effect of Ga doping on the magnetoelectric properties of CuCr1-xGaxO2 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0:3). Our results are well comparable to the experimental observations.

In this document we review the status of existing techniques for nonlinear model order reduction by investigating how well these techniques perform for typical industrial needs. In particular the TPWL-method (Trajectory Piecewise Linear-method) and the POD-approach (Proper Orthogonal Decomposion) is taken under consideration. We address several questions that are (closely) related to both the theory and application of nonlinear model order reduction techniques. The goal of this document is to provide an overview of available methods together with a classification of nonlinear problems that in principle could be handled by these methods.

This essay, entitled “Breaking the lawn chair, skinning the fish” - Categorization and Gender Differences in Slang Use in the TV Series Sex Education, claims that slang is part of our everyday language use and it can be found even on TV nowadays. In fact, contemporary TV series often portray a language use that includes informal language and slang expressions and words. This study aims to categorize slang expressions and words and identify gender differences in slang use in the British TV series Sex Education. By integrating quantitative and qualitative methods, the study contrasts Eble’s (1996) and Zotevska’s (2014) categorizations of slang and highlights gender perspectives on language use. First of all, the results show that Eble’s categorization proves to be incomplete to categorize the slang expressions in Sex Education. Furthermore, Zotevska’s categorization shows that a pervasive presence of taboo words and expressions is found in slang usage, whereas proper slang and pragmatic markers constitute a limited amount of the total. Secondly, the results highlight male characters as predominant slang-users. The collected data also indicate an increased presence of slang expressions and words in female speech, as a result of their emancipation and higher levels of participation in Western Societies.