Miroslav Eisenhammer Forced use of secondary school students during the occupation Supervisor: PhDr. Jan Gebhart, CSc., DSc. Abstract This dissertation deals with yet completely unprocessed issue of forced labor deployment of secondary and vocational school pupils in the Czech lands during the occupation by Nazi Germany. After the initial characteristics of the development of the German and the Protectorate economy and the Nazi attitude to use workforce of its own population and of occupied countries, the other chapter is devoted to the situation in the Czech education in 1939-1945. The Nazis considered the Czech intelligence as the enemy, so after the closure of Czech universities they deliberately restricted Czech secondary education. These restrictions did not have only national political, but also economic significance. From 1939 workers from the Czech lands were sent to work in the Reich. This trend increased significantly from 1942, when Germany intensified the expansion of war production and at the same time they started extensive program of forced labor of foreign workers in German industry. One of the labor sources were secondary school pupils, who the new legislation from February 1943 allowed to acknowledge de facto incomplete education based on the confirmed certificate in forced labor...

This diploma thesis is focused on the public edifying office and its impact during the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia period. With using archive sources, there has been introduced comprehensive information about structure, functioning and educative activities of this institution. Explained on the situation of the first district, there has been presented the real influence on Czech population and protectorate culture. Publishing activities are closely analysed with the sample of several journals with using the qualitative research method of grouded theory. Result of this qualitative research is a summary of main propagandistic ideas in these texts.

The Prague uprising signified the end of the Second World War in Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. As the Soviet and American armies progressed through the country towards Prague and the war was apparently soon to come to an end, Czechoslovaks themselves wanted to take part in the resistance against the Nazi oppression. The uprising was also a turning point for the succesful liberation of Prague. After the Czechoslovak communist party seized power in February 1948, the way the public perceived the uprising had to be changed to fit the party's interpretation, purposely overlooking the contribution of any non-communist resistence. This ideologically suitable interpretation had to be accepted even by the main leader of the uprising. The aforementioned interpretation can still be seen in historiographic books, even those published after the Velvet Revolution. Interpretation of the same event with the targeted use of words and phrases allows for different sounds and thus influences the reader. Targeted use of historical events can achieve the long-term prevalence of rumors, the refutation of which is a necessity and the work of historians. On the example of key moments of the uprising, such as its spontaneous beginning, the involvement of The Russian Liberation Army or the surrender of German troops...

A master's thesis "Brandýs nad Labem and Stará Boleslav 1938-1945" is focused on description of selected aspects of the life in towns. Since events of the year 1938, through occupation and period called Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, till the time before revolt in May 1945. Due to better clarity, the thesis is divided into chapters dealing with social and culture progression, transformation of the town government, war industry, resistance movement and war events that intervene in the life in towns. Separate chapters dealed with the fate of the Jewish community, outline the course of the postwar investigation of collaboration and war monuments of Czech and German victims. KEYWORDS Brandýs nad Labem, Stará Boleslav, 1938-1945, occupation, Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, resistence, collaboration, war industry, Jews, war monuments

This diploma thesis reviews the history of the Melnik region in the end of the Second World War and the resistence of the people. The aim of first body of the thesis is to describe the activity of Mělník natives in Royal Air Force. The materials for this part I got from archives. There are short profiles of fighter pilots, who left the Protectorate of Bohemia and Bohemia. The second part is about the resistance in Melnik region. In this region formed local resistance groups, but at the end of the war was there a cooperation with guerilla forces called "Narodni mstitel." In this thesis are described the soviet air-raids and some air-raids before May 1945. In the last part is described rising of the people in Melnik region, disarming of the enemy and entrance into the new era

The beginning of the occupation of the Czech Lands was closely linked to a variety of political, economic, and social problems. It was necessary to gain control over all respective administrative structures in order to ensure the smooth function of the state. In the first phases of the occupation, the temporary military administration was established and the basis for the future development of occupational structures was thus laid. An autonomous administration continued to work alongside the two-levelled German administration. Although the German administration was to take care of German citizens' affairs and to watch over the Protectorate authorities, the autonomous one soon began to succumb under the German influence. After some time, it became obvious that the German administration was overgrown and inefficient; that a reform had to be made. A man behind the reform was Reinhard Heydrich, sent to the Protectorate with a special mission to restore order. The number of occupational authorities was supposed to be diminished together with the number of staff, the redundant employees to be commanded to the frontline. This situation was made easier by the fact that the autonomous bodies had already been infiltrated by German officials; therefore there were not many difficulties while taking over them....

This theses analyzes the partisan movement during World War II in the regions of Žďársko a Novoměstsko in the years 1944-1945. It defines the concept of the "partisan" with regard to the matter in question. It further outlines the positions of Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union on partisan resistance and comments on this type of resistance activity on the Eastern Front. Integral to this thesis is also a survey into the development of resistance organisations in the region of interest. Finally, it devides the partisans and their overall activities into different categories.

Cette thèse étudie du trafic des esclaves au départ de l’Afrique orientale (Mozambique) vers les Comores où des planteurs étrangers venaient les acheter comme engagés libres. Le sultanat de Saïd Ali né en 1883, a bénéficié de la protection de de la France en 1886. Malgré ce protectorat, l’esclavage n’est aboli qu’en 1904. Pour maintenir la main-d’œuvre coloniale, l’État protecteur a retardé cette abolition. Face aux hésitations, le sultanat est rattaché à Magascar en 1908, le sultan abdique en 1910, avant que la Grande Comore devienne colonie française en 1912. / This Thesis studies the slaves trade starting from East Africa to Comoros where foreign growers came to buy them as free Endentured servant. The Sultanat of Saïd Ali born in 1883 benefited of French protection in 1886. Even thought this protectorate, the slavery is abolished in 1904. To maintain the colonialworkforce, The Protecting State has delayed this abolition. In front of theses hesitations, the Sultan is attached to Madagascar in 1908, the sultan abdicated in 1910, before that the Great Comoro become a French colony in 1912.

Sous l’ombre tutélaire des temples d’Angkor, les militaires français ont marqué de leur empreinte toute l’histoire du protectorat français au Cambodge. Nous avons décliné cette action sous trois aspects. Une action politique et diplomatique qui engerbe les problématiques liées au contexte cambodgien mais aussi celles des grands équilibres régionaux et internationaux. L’étude s’attache à discerner ce qui tient de l’engagement personnel des militaires et ce qui se réfère aux engagements politiques et diplomatiques du gouvernement français. Une action militaire qui a pour but de pacifier le Cambodge, de sauvegarder les intérêts français puis d’éviter l’invasion du pays par les forces communistes. Les méthodes et l’efficacité de l’outil militaire français dans ce contexte sont particulièrement analysées. Enfin, il s’agit d’analyser l’action des « militaires sans armes » : explorateurs, archéologues, ethnologues, écrivains etc., qui consolident le rôle de la France dans la reconstruction de l’identité khmère et affirment sa présence en Indochine. Une analyse prosopographique tente de discerner, pour chacun des militaires concernés, l’action qui peut s’expliquer comme une quête personnelle, voire intime, et celle qui tient de sa mission ou de l’œuvre collective. La nature du protectorat créé par les militaires français puis son évolution vers un modèle tendant à s’adapter aux invariants khmers et au contexte politique français est au coeur de cette étude. L’outil militaire français au Cambodge se dévoile ainsi à travers sa structuration, son fonctionnement et ses métamorphoses créant une situation coloniale singulière entre la France et le Cambodge. / Under the protecting shadow of the Angkor temples, the French military have left their mark in the history of the French protectorate in Cambodia. We propose to portray this action from three different angles. A political and diplomatic action that embraces the questions related to the Cambodian context, and those related to the regional and international balance of powers. The study seeks to discern what pertains to the personal commitment of the military, and what refers to the political and diplomatic commitments of the French government. A military action that aims to pacify Cambodia, to safeguard the French interests, and to avoid the invasion of the country by the communist forces. The methods and effectiveness of the French military tool in this context are carefully analysed. Finally, the action of the "unarmed soldiers": explorers, archaeologists, ethnologists, writers, etc., who also played a key role in the reconstruction of the Khmer identity, and in reinforcing its presence in the French Indochina. A prosopographic analysis attempts to differentiate, for each of the soldiers involved, the action that can be explained as a personal and sometimes intimate quest, from the action that is part of his mission or that could be considered as the product of the collective work. The nature of the protectorate, created by the French military, and its evolution towards a model inclined to adapt itself to the Khmer invariants and to the French political context, are at the heart of this study. The French military tool in Cambodia is thus revealed through its structuring, functioning and metamorphosis creating an unusual colonial relationship between France and Cambodia.

This master thesis entitled Nazism versus Occultism in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia: The Fate of Jiří Arvéd Smíchovský and Jan Kefer, deals primarily with the life of two Czech hermeticians, Jan Kefer and Jiří Arvéd Smíchovský, on the background of their relation to occultism and Nazism. In addition to describe the lives of both persons, with a closer focus on their fates during the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, the master thesis also brings a chapter on the almost unknown Nazi action against the secret sciences and occultists which took place in the territory of the Protectorate in 1941. At the beginning of the text, reader gets familiarized with some basic concepts from occult science and the relationship between Nazism and occultism in general. Then follows the aforementioned chapter on the occultists' persecution in the protectorate. The main pillars of the thesis are the biographies of J. A. Smíchovský and J. Kefer which focus more closely on the Protectorate period. In my thesis I work with many sources, especially from historical sources stored in state and private archives or interviews with a witness. The chapter on the methodology of work deals with the used information sources. The contribution of this diploma thesis is collecting a number of sources to the fate of both...