Orientador: Maria das Graças Gomes Villa da Silva / Banca: Nelson Viana / Banca: Maria Clara Bonetti Paro / Resumo: Este trabalho analisa o romance When We Were Orphans, de produção do escritor Kazuo Ishiguro, focando o emprego da memória no texto literário, como forma de examinar as estratégias empregadas pelo escritor. A principal preocupação estética do autor britânico volta-se para a maneira como seus personagens lêem e interpretam suas histórias de vida e para como eles percebem as forças que conduzem seus destinos e como reescrevem tais detalhes. A estratégia narrativa adotada é a do emprego da memória marcando a percepção a posteriori que caracteriza o relato. O estudo, portanto, aponta a técnica narrativa ligada aos processos psíquicos constituintes da memória, e auxilia na exposição do sofrimento humano, na crítica sutil ao imperialismo e colonialismo do século XX, tema e motivo de seus romances. Dessa forma, o autor enfatiza as técnicas que as pessoas usam para encobrir e às vezes até para suprimir suas emoções e, em particular, a maneira pela qual tais emoções são estimuladas pela memória. O trabalho terá como suporte teórico os estudos freudianos sobre a memória, o estranho e as experiências ocorridas na infância, particularmente considerando a atuação do narrador, o personagem Christopher Banks, como foco central. / Abstract: This study analyses the novel When We Were Orphans, as part of the writer Kazuo Ishiguro's production, focusing the application of the memory in the literary text, as a form of examining the strategies used by the author. The British author's main aesthetical concern is turned to how his characters read and interpret their life story, and to how they apprehend the forces which lead their destiny, and how they write such details. The adopted narrative strategy is one which engages memory, determining the posteriori perception that characterizes the narration. The study, therefore, indicates the narrative technique linked to psychical processes which constitute memory, and help with the exposition of the human anguish; with the subtle criticism to the 20th century's imperialism and colonialism, theme and motif of his novels. For that reason, the author emphasizes the techniques people use to cover, and sometimes even to supply their emotions and, particularly the way from which such emotions are aroused by memory. The paper shall have, as theoretical support, the Freudian studies about memory, the strange and the experience occurred during childhood, especially considering the narrator's performance, the character Christopher Banks., as essential focus. / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:25:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-03-31Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:53:10Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 capellatojunior_el_me_arafcl.pdf: 276039 bytes, checksum: 43006ced07fc1f75b1fe226bee0f10fa (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Este trabalho analisa o romance When We Were Orphans, de produção do escritor Kazuo Ishiguro, focando o emprego da memória no texto literário, como forma de examinar as estratégias empregadas pelo escritor. A principal preocupação estética do autor britânico volta-se para a maneira como seus personagens lêem e interpretam suas histórias de vida e para como eles percebem as forças que conduzem seus destinos e como reescrevem tais detalhes. A estratégia narrativa adotada é a do emprego da memória marcando a percepção a posteriori que caracteriza o relato. O estudo, portanto, aponta a técnica narrativa ligada aos processos psíquicos constituintes da memória, e auxilia na exposição do sofrimento humano, na crítica sutil ao imperialismo e colonialismo do século XX, tema e motivo de seus romances. Dessa forma, o autor enfatiza as técnicas que as pessoas usam para encobrir e às vezes até para suprimir suas emoções e, em particular, a maneira pela qual tais emoções são estimuladas pela memória. O trabalho terá como suporte teórico os estudos freudianos sobre a memória, o estranho e as experiências ocorridas na infância, particularmente considerando a atuação do narrador, o personagem Christopher Banks, como foco central. / This study analyses the novel When We Were Orphans, as part of the writer Kazuo Ishiguro’s production, focusing the application of the memory in the literary text, as a form of examining the strategies used by the author. The British author’s main aesthetical concern is turned to how his characters read and interpret their life story, and to how they apprehend the forces which lead their destiny, and how they write such details. The adopted narrative strategy is one which engages memory, determining the posteriori perception that characterizes the narration. The study, therefore, indicates the narrative technique linked to psychical processes which constitute memory, and help with the exposition of the human anguish; with the subtle criticism to the 20th century’s imperialism and colonialism, theme and motif of his novels. For that reason, the author emphasizes the techniques people use to cover, and sometimes even to supply their emotions and, particularly the way from which such emotions are aroused by memory. The paper shall have, as theoretical support, the Freudian studies about memory, the strange and the experience occurred during childhood, especially considering the narrator’s performance, the character Christopher Banks., as essential focus.

The main objective of this diploma thesis is description of poetics in Václav Řezáč's (1951-1956) novels. It 's especially interested in transformations of poetics between three periods of Řezáč's literary production. Vaclav Řezáč's novels influenced by literary tradition and time period he lived in. That's why we have analyze also novels by other writers. It is believed that Řezáč's evolution was rather cyclical; his novel Nástup in a way refers to some techniques of his previous work Slepá ulička, although with quite different ideological message.

Submitted by Marlene Santos (marlene.bc.ufg@gmail.com) on 2014-10-02T20:24:39Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Rivaldene Rodrigues Natal - 2013.pdf: 2422890 bytes, checksum: e25cd4ce4041eb65218466c325d7ee87 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Jaqueline Silva (jtas29@gmail.com) on 2014-10-02T20:44:03Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Rivaldene Rodrigues Natal - 2013.pdf: 2422890 bytes, checksum: e25cd4ce4041eb65218466c325d7ee87 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-02T20:44:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Rivaldene Rodrigues Natal - 2013.pdf: 2422890 bytes, checksum: e25cd4ce4041eb65218466c325d7ee87 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-11-22 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / n this dissertation we search to establish a relation between History and Literature by the intermediate of the psychological novel Crônica da casa assassinada (1959), of the Brazilian writer (specifically from the state of Minas Gerais) Lúcio Cardoso. Starting from this work, we investigate some aspects related to the decadence of the rural oligarchies of Minas Gerais, from the decade of 1930 and on. The path followed by the rural oligarchies, from the apogee to the decay of the economical, political and social systems is explained considering some objective and subjective aspects that have permeated the relation between these subjects. Consequently, we search, through the novel, an interpretation of the Brazilian History in a determinate period. At the same time, through the characters, we settle an interpretation by the point of view of a more psychological analysis. We started by the supposition that from a fictional narrative it is possible to establish nexus with the social reality. We pick up from the novel typologies of world configuration that we connect with the reality of the man and his existence with the author’s intention of representing characters that have searched, through the inner sounding, recreate the environment of instability where they lived. These characters are seen as a representation of a universality at the same time that the writer, in an intentional way or not, transpose to his work his vision of the elements that have composed the social reality / Nesta dissertação buscamos estabelecer uma relação entre História e Literatura por intermédio do romance psicológico Crônica da casa assassinada (1959), do escritor mineiro Lúcio Cardoso. A partir dessa obra investigamos alguns aspectos relacionados à decadência das oligarquias rurais mineiras no período pós década de 1930. O caminho percorrido pelas oligarquias rurais, do apogeu ao declínio do sistema econômico, político e social em que estavam inseridas neste contexto é aqui esmiuçado na tentativa de darmos conta de alguns aspectos objetivos e subjetivos que permearam as relações destes sujeitos. Portanto, buscamos, através do romance, fazer uma interpretação da História do Brasil em um determinado período e ao mesmo tempo, através das personagens, estabelecer uma interpretação do ponto de vista de uma análise mais psicológica das relações representadas na obra. Partimos do suposto de que de uma narrativa ficcional é possível estabelecermos nexos com a realidade social. Do romance retiramos tipologias de configuração de mundo com as quais concatenamos a realidade do homem e sua existência no mundo com a intenção subjetiva do autor ao retratar em sua obra personagens que buscavam, através da sondagem íntima, recriar o ambiente de instabilidade em que viviam. As personagens ali são vistas por nós como a representação de uma universalidade na medida em que o escritor, de forma intencional ou não, transpôs para sua obra sua visão dos elementos que compunham a realidade social da qual fez parte.

This thesis is focused on Václav Řezáč's novel interpretation. To be more specific, it deals with the formation of the psychological novels (Černé světlo, Svědek, Rozhraní) and novels called as constructive novels (unfinished trilogy Nástup and Bitva). Although all of these works were created gradually over fifteen years, a contemporary situation was developing in the meantime as well. That's why we can find ourselves in two different state systems and in two different period atmospheres which significantly influenced the former art. The essential default method is a new historicism which is enriched by hermeneutic approaches.

Figure obsédante de l’imaginaire collectif, le fou a longtemps été chargé de significations qui le dépassent ; le mythe de la folie fait recette sur la scène littéraire mais les malades n’en sont que des figurants. Alors que le fou réel est maintenu dans les marges de la littérature comme de la société, le fantasme culturel de la folie est nourri et modelé au XIXe siècle par la littérature romantique ou fantastique et exalté au début du siècle suivant par les avant-gardes historiques. Un certain nombre de textes de romanciers du XXe siècle, parmi lesquels Georges Duhamel, André Baillon, Julien Green, Henry de Montherlant ou encore Alexandre Vialatte, mettent au contraire en œuvre un décentrement du regard littéraire de la folie vers le fou – du mythe à l’individu. Ce sont les modalités et les logiques de cette émancipation de la figure du fou et de son affirmation comme sujet – au sens de thème comme de subjectivité – autonome dans l’espace romanesque que ce travail s’applique à éclairer. Ces récits fictionnels qui font de la conscience aliénée à la fois le foyer et l’objet principal de la narration mettent en scène une folie presque familière, où l’idéalisation cède le pas à la représentation de troubles intimes et ordinaires, qui atteignent un personnage banal menant une existence modeste. Par leurs affinités sémantiques, syntaxiques et pragmatiques, ils forment un « sous-genre » romanesque, celui des "histoires de fous". L’enjeu de cette thèse est de déterminer le répertoire générique de ces romans tout en examinant la manière dont la folie interroge les moyens et les pouvoirs de la fiction romanesque. Il s’agit également de mettre au jour ce que la littérature nous aide à comprendre de cet impensable, envers de l’expérience partagée de la raison, et d’observer comment les romanciers contribuent à refléter tout autant qu’à remodeler les formes de cet objet social et culturel. / Haunting our collective imagination, the madman has always been laden with symbolic significance. The myth of madness is abundantly present in literature, however those characters with an actual mental illness are ultimately overshadowed. While mental patients are pushed to the margins of literature, just as they are pushed to the outskirts of society, this particular cultural legend of madness develops during the nineteenth century in Romantic and fantastic literature and stays in the spotlight at the beginning of the following century through the avant-garde artists. In contrast to the aforementioned representation of madness, a number of novelists of the twentieth century, including Georges Duhamel, André Baillon, Julien Green, Henry de Montherlant or Alexandre Vialatte, brought on a literary shift away from “madness” towards “the madman” – from the myth to the individual. The focus of this piece of work is on the modality and logic leading to the emancipation of the figure of the madman and its affirmation as an autonomous subject – in every sense of the world – in the literary field. These fictional stories, where the alienated consciousness is both the focus and the main subject of the narrative, present the reader with an almost familiar madness. They don’t idealize insanity but provide representations of almost ordinary disorders, which affect a banal character living a modest life. Through their semantic, syntactic and pragmatic preferences, these stories form a fictional “sub-genre”, called “histoires de fous”. This research aims at determining the generic features of these novels and at considering the way madness questions the means and powers of fiction. Another purpose is to shed light on how literature helps us understand this inconceivable experience, which represents the other side of the commonly shared human experience of reason and logic, and to study how novelists help to reveal as well as reshape the characterization of this social and cultural topic.