The OQ-45.2 (Outcome Questionnaire-45.2) is a measure of psychological distress that examines patients' emotional states and level of functioning in society. This measure was administered at admission and discharge to inpatients at a level II trauma center with in- and outpatient populations in addition to the BBHI-2 (Brief Battery for Health Improvement-2) and FIM (Functional Independence Measure). Results suggested that patients demonstrated psychological improvements from admission to discharge. In addition, the OQ-45.2 was found to correlate with nearly all subtests of the BBHI-2. Finally, diagnosis, length of stay, and number of psychotherapy sessions were not predictive of improvements on the OQ-45.2 total score, suggesting that this measure can be appropriately used on a heterogeneous medical population.

Objective: To assess the effect of upward feedback on the perception gap of manager-rated and subordinate-rated managerial behavior scores using the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ). Design: Phase I questionnaires assessed the use of upward (subordinate to manager) feedback and were used to form Feedback and Comparison groups. Phase II questionnaires included feedback, attitudinal, and demographic questions and the MLQ. MLQ scores were compared between the two groups. Subjects/setting: Directors of Food and Nutrition Services and Clinical Nutrition Managers and their respective subordinates in a hospital setting. Statistical analyses performed: General Linear Model (using SAS Version 9.2, Cary, NC) was used to determine the relationships between MLQ scores and questions of interest. Results: Upward feedback practices in both the Feedback and Communication groups did not correspond to the Phase I reports. Feedback managers did not have higher MLQ scores based on feedback group, manager tenure, and manager implementation of feedback. Managers whose subordinates who enjoyed their jobs had higher subordinate-rated MLQ scores. Conclusions: Policies and practices of upward evaluation methods are not clear and need to be studied further in a hospital dietetics setting.

Research investigating clinical versus actuarial prediction and judgment has consistently demonstrated the superiority of actuarial (statistical) methods. Little research to date has directly compared clinical and actuarial predictions in the context of patient-focused psychotherapy outcomes. The most relevant study on this issue was completed with an adult population and results indicated that the actuarial method was significantly more accurate at predicting client treatment failure compared to clinician’s predictions. This study examined clinical versus actuarial prediction of client deterioration in a sample of children and adolescents receiving treatment in a managed care and community mental health setting. Predictions of treatment failure made by the actuarial method were found to be significantly more accurate than predictions of treatment failure made by clinicians. More specifically, participating clinicians did not make a single prediction of treatment failure. These findings add further evidence to support the use of actuarial methods in enhancing clinical decision-making in community-based mental health services for children and adolescents.

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Many factors influence the response rate of a survey or questionnaire. The BYU alumni questionnaire was initially a lengthy survey with over 200 questions. After a short version of the questionnaire was created and administered, response rates appear to have increased substantially. Male respondents appear particularly more inclined to respond to the shortened version compared to the long version. The questionnaire is examined through various statistical analyses and compared between the short and long versions. Results are presented in the context of existing research on response rates and response quality.

Loneliness has long been understood as a part of the human condition, however, its ability to be measured remains a struggle, much due to its subjective nature and many complexities. As loneliness has recently been highlighted as a global health concern in need of intervention, an accurate measurement of the phenomenon is perhaps more crucial than ever. This study aims to give an in-depth understanding of loneliness, in particular how it pertains to a practical tool of measurement. The text discusses limitations of previous measurements and analyzes which areas of loneliness still remain to be underrepresented in established measuring scales. To reach the goal of the study and find the best way to measure loneliness, we implemented our own loneliness scale using both questions from established questionnaires as well as our own formulated questions. Three distinct categories within loneliness emerged- social networks, actual loneliness and experienced belonging. These, along with relevant descriptive factors of the participants, were used to measure loneliness. The final measurement scale was shared in the form of an online questionnaire to a total of 479 participants. The results showed all categories to be distinct aspects of all significant to one another and in the measurement of loneliness as a whole. Both socioeconomic, participants origin, as well as age-related factors also proved to be relevant in measuring loneliness but they did not have the same predictive strength as the main three variables. Furthermore, this scale included previously underrepresented questions which aimed to distinguish trait and state loneliness and situational loneliness-triggers. These all proved significant in the wider category of experienced belonging but did not warrant a distinct category of its own. The final loneliness scale measures both more subjective and qeualitative as well as objective and quantitative aspects of loneliness. As the measurement showed good internal consistency, it can be considered a valid and reliable tool to gain an in-depth understanding of loneliness.

This study examined the relationship between supervisee attachment orientation, rapport of the supervision working alliance over time, the change of supervisee attachment orientation, and the perceived impact of supervision on the lives of the supervisees. Participants were 117 master?s level counseling student at the entry (34), practicum (45), and internship (38) levels, counseling clients with supervision. This study used the Relationship Questionnaire and the Rapport score from the Supervision Working Alliance Inventory. Data was collected via e-mail at the beginning, middle, and end of the semester. Data was examined using Two-Way Factorial ANOVAs, Bowker Tests, and Chi-Square Tests. There were statistically significant changes in attachment orientation over time, and a statistically significant relationship between working alliance rapport scores and supervisee attachment. A change in attachment from preoccupied and fearful toward secure and dismissing orientations occurred. These findings may indicate the importance of considering attachment in the supervision relationship.

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No description available.

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