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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
201

“Do escravismo às políticas de ações afirmativas: o negro cotista na Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora”

Vieira, Bianca Machado Concolato 25 February 2014 (has links)
Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-02-01T16:49:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 biancamachadoconcolatovieira.pdf: 829915 bytes, checksum: e0dad661cdff81691933ac1b5754ea88 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-02-01T20:14:28Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 biancamachadoconcolatovieira.pdf: 829915 bytes, checksum: e0dad661cdff81691933ac1b5754ea88 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-01T20:14:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 biancamachadoconcolatovieira.pdf: 829915 bytes, checksum: e0dad661cdff81691933ac1b5754ea88 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-25 / Essa dissertação se propôs realizar uma discussão a respeito das relações raciais do Brasil e as políticas de ações afirmativas com foco na experiência vivenciada pelos alunos negros beneficiados pela política de reserva de vagas da UFJF. Para tanto, no primeiro momento apresentamos a origem das desigualdades sociais no Brasil, tendo como pano de fundo a discriminação racial, apresentando breves considerações à formação social e capitalista brasileira, à fundação do Estado nacional como resultado do processo de Independência que não previa o fim do regime de escravidão entendendo que para refletir sobre as relações raciais no Brasil e as desigualdades econômicas e sociais que opõe brancos e negros se faz necessário pensar a formação social e econômica do Brasil e as relações que se constituíram a partir de então. No segundo momento foram apresentadas os números das desigualdades sociais e econômicas que opõe negros e brancos e as políticas de ações afirmativas no Brasil, considerando todo o percurso histórico e político da constituição desta política, focalizando a política de cotas como forma de acesso ao ensino superior público. Em seguida foram então apresentadas algumas considerações sobre o ensino superior público e as principais polêmicas em torno das políticas de ações afirmativas no Brasil. Por fim, caracterizamos o lócus da pesquisa com breves considerações sobre a cidade de Juiz de Fora assim como a UFJF e o sistema de cotas, e então foi apresentada a pesquisa que deu voz aos sujeitos, alunos negros cotistas da UFJF, que foi realizada através de entrevista semiestruturada, que analisou a experiência vivenciada por alunos negros cotistas da UFJF, o que permitiu refletir sobre como os alunos negros cotistas estão vivenciando a graduação, suas demandas, suas conquistas e expectativas. / This thesis tries to promote a discussion concerning the brazilian racial relationships and the affirmative action policies focusing on the experience faced by the black students benefited by the JFFU quotas system. For that, at the first moment, we present the origin of the social inequalities in Brazil, against the background of the racial discrimination, presenting brief considerations on the brazilian social and capitalist education background and on the foundation of the national State as a result of the independence process (which did not predict the end of the slavery system). It is necessary to think of the racial relationships in Brazil and the social and economic inequalities which put black and white people into opposition in order to understand the relationships that were made up since then. For a second moment, the number of social and economic inequalities which oppose black and white people were presented as well as the affirmative action policies, considering all the political and historical path of this policy constitution, focusing on the quotas policy as a way to be granted access to the public college education. Then some considerations about the public college education were presented as well as the main controversies on the affirmative action policies. Ultimately, we characterize the research locus with brief considerations about Juiz de Fora city as well as JFFU and its quotas system, and then the research which listened to the university black students, which was carried out through semistructured interview guide, which analysed the experience faced by the JFFU black quota holder students. This allowed us to reflect on how the black quota holders are experimenting the graduation course, their demands, achievements and expectations.
202

Cotas raciais como política de admissão UERJ, UnB e o caso da UFG / Racial quotas and admission policy UERJ, UNB and the case of UFG

GALVÃO, Eduardo Aires Berbert 23 October 2009 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:27:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Eduardo Aires Berrbert.pdf: 837403 bytes, checksum: d4eeac0f01d6adf0eaf3d17660431e9c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-10-23 / The brazilian s public universities have choosen some unusual ways to admit new students like bonus, social quota and racial quota. UERJ and UnB were pioneers to adopt this unusual method. As a result of that many studies were built including this alternative admission ways. Therefore most of all studies are on racial quota. As a rule, if the study s goal is to critic the racial quota it needs to ignore the theorical reference about affirmative actions. On the other hand, if it doesn t do that, it will be impossible to proceed this critic because racial quota would appear as a real and good university passport possibility. This work inoves because it tries to do a critic about racial quota without ignore the theorical reference produceed about affirmative actions. We started from classics themes of sociology (democracy, citizenship and social justice), which are the origins of affirmative actions in the field. We purpose affirmative actions as a continuum from the classics themes mentioned above, so we can discuss affirmative actions as a public policies to promote individual s recognition. From this perspective we can do a critic about racial quote like recognition politicies based on identity model and suggest an alternative, based on status model. Based on the assumption above, we try to compare affirmative action program of UERJ and UnB, as well to verify the UFG s forward in your affirmative actions program. / A implantação de políticas de ingresso diferenciado nas universidades públicas brasileiras é uma tendência, sejam tais políticas bônus, cotas sociais e/ou raciais. Desde as primeiras experiências deste tipo, que ocorreram na UERJ e na UnB, muito se discutiu e se produziu sobre o tema. Essa produção se direciona principalmente para a modalidade mais polêmica destas políticas afirmativas, a cota racial. Quando o objetivo é uma crítica às cotas raciais há uma tendência (ou necessidade) de se ignorar um referencial teórico que discute as ações afirmativas. Por outro lado, ao recorrer a este referencial teórico de forma ordinária, não resta alternativa ao pesquisador que não resignar-se em admitir as cotas raciais como possibilidade. Nosso trabalho inova ao pleitear uma crítica às cotas raciais sem desprezar o referencial teórico produzido sobre ações afirmativas. Para isso, o ponto de partida são os temas já clássicos na sociologia (democracia, cidadania e justiça social) que, em nosso entendimento, originam as ações afirmativas enquanto campo de discussão teórica. Ao estabelecermos o debate das ações afirmativas como um continuum dos temas clássicos, podemos alocar sua discussão no âmbito das políticas públicas que visam promover o reconhecimento dos indivíduos. Nesse contexto nos é possibilitada a crítica à uma política de reconhecimento que se sustenta em modelos de identidade (cotas raciais) sugerindo um outro, baseado em um modelo de status. A partir disto, tentamos, em uma perspectiva comparada com os casos da UERJ e da UnB, vislumbrar os possíveis avanços obtidos pela UFG ao discutir e implantar seu programa de ação afirmativa.
203

A eficácia das cotas raciais nos concursos públicos do estado do Paraná: uma abordagem a partir dos editais / The effectiveness of racial quotas in public tenders in the state of Paraná: an approach from the edicts

Muniz, Paulo Henrique 15 September 2017 (has links)
Submitted by Marilene Donadel (marilene.donadel@unioeste.br) on 2017-12-08T00:00:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Paulo_H_Muniz_2017.pdf: 1564693 bytes, checksum: f198230c407f08715c475bdf95cea82e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-08T00:00:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Paulo_H_Muniz_2017.pdf: 1564693 bytes, checksum: f198230c407f08715c475bdf95cea82e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-09-15 / The present work presents a quantitative exploratory analysis of system of racial quotas in public tenders in the State of Paraná, in order to verify the effectiveness of public policy. For that, a priori was a theoretical review of the field of evaluation of public policies, and historical of the political and legal process in the national scenario that culminated in State Law nº 14.274/2003, which provides for the reserve of 10% of vacancies for black in public tenders in Paraná. Subsequently, a quantitative analysis of the result of the process of reserving vacancies for admission to the public service, comparing, the results obtained with those of wide-open places and vacancies reserved for the disabled. The central question of the research was to find out if ten years after its implementation if the policy of racial quotas has produced the desired results. The results obtained from the analysis of the edicts of the selected samples (SEED and TJPR contests), during the period from 2004 to 2014 and secondary sources (School Census and Census of Judicial Power) allow us to conclude that the reserve strategy of racial quotas in public tenders is effective, because the percentage number of candidates who entered the public service by racial quotas in the different areas during the period studied is close to that established by law. / O presente trabalho apresenta uma análise exploratória quantitativa do sistema de cotas raciais nos concursos públicos do Estado do Paraná com o objetivo de verificar a eficácia desta política pública. Para tanto, a priori foi realizada uma revisão teórica do campo de avaliação de políticas públicas, e uma abordagem histórica do processo político e jurídico no cenário nacional que culminou na Lei Estadual nº 14.274/2003, a qual dispõe sobre a reserva de 10% das vagas para negros nos concursos públicos do Paraná. A posteriori, uma análise quantitativa do resultado do processo de reserva de vagas para ingresso no serviço público, comparando os resultados obtidos com os de vagas de ampla concorrência e vagas reservadas para deficientes. A questão central desta pesquisa foi descobrir se, passados dez anos de sua implementação, a política de cotas raciais tem alcançado os resultados pretendidos. Os resultados obtidos a partir da análise dos editais das amostras selecionadas (concursos da SEED e do TJPR), durante o período compreendido entre 2004 a 2014, e das fontes secundárias (Censo Escolar e Censo do Poder Judiciário) permitem concluir que a estratégia de reserva de cotas raciais nos concursos públicos é eficaz, pois o número percentual de candidatos que ingressaram no serviço público por cotas raciais nas diferentes áreas, durante o período estudado é próximo do estabelecido pela lei.
204

O discurso sobre as cotas para negros na revista Veja.

Oliveira, Luiz Carlos de 04 March 2013 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T18:55:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luiz.pdf: 1672880 bytes, checksum: 88fb173f9b2544710a0a7dc23e669079 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-04 / In this study, I discuss the discourse about the quotas for black people in the pages of Veja magazine. I established as a time frame for the research the years from 2009 to 2011. The main question of the study is to set how the discourse in the weekly magazine is constituted. Thus, the central objective of this work, supported by the theoretical principles of the French Discourse Analysis, is to comprehend how the discursive process about the quotas for black people in the magazine is constituted during the established time frame, time in which the topic is in a strong debate in the National Congress of Brazil and in the Federal Supreme Court, also gaining the pages of the press. The study is based mainly on studies of Mariani (1998), Moura (2004), Orlandi (2007a [1999], 2007b [1992]) and Pêcheux (2009 [1988], 2008 [1990]). Through online research at the address <http://veja.abril.com.br/acervodigital/>, it was possible to search the texts that discussed the quotas for blacks. The search for texts online was guided by prior establishment of keywords: affirmative action, affirmative action policies, quotas, racial quotas, university reserving quotas, race, miscegenation, black (male, female), blacks, African descendant, African descendants, discrimination, prejudice, racism. The keywords were considered from the pre-reading of magazine s reports in which the discussion about the quotas occurred and from the objectives set for the research: to highlight the strategies used in the discursive constitution of Veja as a way to organize and support its discourse; to reflect the conditions of production that mark the production of discourse about the topic; to comprehend what imaginary about the black is present in the magazine s discourse to address the quotas; by highlighting the discursive formations prevalent in the analysis of the corpus, to bring the main aspects of the discursive process about the quotas for black people. For the analysis, I selected discursive sequences considering the paraphrastic course, i.e., the reinforcement and the sedimentation of determined meaning effects about the topic in the pages of the weekly magazine. Besides, I selected for analysis eight reader s letters and nine photographs. I structured the discussion guided by three articulated axis that constitute this study: the historical feature about the presence of blacks in Brazil and its developments; theoretical questions that involve the press; and finally the analysis of the corpus. It can be concluded that, supported by the pre-constructed of racial democracy and individual merit allied to legal equality, Veja opposes the quotas for blacks and, for that, mobilizes the discourse of experts and blacks against the quotas and the discourse of science, silencing the claims of pro-quota movements and pointing to other mechanisms that enable the integration of blacks that do not consider the quotas. Producing, therefore, meaning effects of danger , risk , political and ideological interference of the Worker s Party federal government and racialization of the country. In this process, the black is imaginatively produced in a dual way, good or bad, according to the discursive positions supported by the magazine. / Neste trabalho abordo o discurso a respeito das cotas para negros presente nas páginas da revista Veja. Estabeleci como recorte temporal da pesquisa os anos de 2009 a 2011. A questão central do estudo é traçar como se constitui o discurso do semanário sobre as cotas. Assim, o objetivo geral do trabalho, sustentado nos pressupostos teóricos da Análise do Discurso Francesa, é compreender como se constitui o processo discursivo sobre as cotas para negros no semanário durante o recorte temporal estabelecido, período no qual o tema está em intenso debate no Congresso Nacional e no Supremo Tribunal Federal, tomando também as páginas da imprensa. O trabalho está fundamentado, principalmente, nos estudos de Mariani (1998), Moura (2004), Orlandi (2007a [1999], 2007b [1992]), e Pêcheux (2009 [1988], 2008 [1990]). Através da pesquisa on-line no endereço virtual <http://veja.abril.com.br/acervodigital/>, foi possível fazer a busca dos textos que abordaram as cotas para negros. A busca dos textos no espaço virtual esteve orientada pelo estabelecimento prévio de palavras-chave: ações afirmativas, políticas afirmativas, cotas, cotas raciais, cotas universitárias, raça, miscigenação, negro, negros, negra, negras, afrodescendente, afrodescendentes, discriminação, preconceito, racismo. As palavras-chave foram pensadas a partir da pré-leitura de matérias da revista nas quais a discussão sobre as cotas ocorria e dos objetivos traçados para a pesquisa: destacar as estratégias utilizadas na constituição discursiva de Veja como forma de organizar e respaldar o seu discurso; refletir as condições de produção que marcam a produção do discurso sobre o tema; perceber que imaginário sobre o negro está presente no discurso da revista ao tratar das cotas; através do destaque das formações discursivas predominantes na análise do corpus, trazer os principais aspectos do processo discursivo sobre as cotas para negros. Para a análise, selecionei sequências discursivas considerando o curso parafrástico, ou seja, o reforço e a sedimentação de determinados efeitos de sentidos sobre o tema nas páginas do semanário. Além disso, selecionei para análise oito cartas de leitores e nove imagens fotográficas. Estruturei as abordagens orientadas por três eixos articulados que compõem o trabalho: o caráter histórico sobre a presença do negro no Brasil e seus desdobramentos; questões teóricas e que envolvem a imprensa; e, por fim, a análise do corpus. Pode-se concluir que, ancorada nos pré-construídos da democracia racial, do mérito individual aliado ao da igualdade jurídica, Veja se opõe às cotas para negros e, para isso, mobiliza o discurso de especialistas e de negros contrários às cotas e o discurso científico, silenciando as reivindicações dos movimentos pró-cotas e apontando para outras alternativas que possibilitem a inserção dos negros que desconsideram as cotas. Produzindo, portanto, os efeitos de sentidos do perigo , do risco , da ingerência política e ideológica do governo federal petista , da racialização do país. Nesse processo, o negro é produzido imaginariamente de maneira dual, bom ou mau, de acordo com as posições discursivas ocupadas pelo periódico.
205

Determinantes da rentabilidade dos fundos de investimento imobiliário no Brasil

Fiorini, Renato Maestre 12 December 2012 (has links)
Submitted by Renato Maestre Fiorini (renato.fiorini@gmail.com) on 2013-01-02T18:47:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_Renato_Fiorini_20121228.pdf: 559177 bytes, checksum: 446b69c1359d499d170136bb417b13d0 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Suzinei Teles Garcia Garcia (suzinei.garcia@fgv.br) on 2013-01-02T19:05:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_Renato_Fiorini_20121228.pdf: 559177 bytes, checksum: 446b69c1359d499d170136bb417b13d0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-01-02T19:09:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_Renato_Fiorini_20121228.pdf: 559177 bytes, checksum: 446b69c1359d499d170136bb417b13d0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-12-12 / This thesis goal is to identify the factors that are determinants of the performance of Brazlian “REITs” (Real Estate Investment Funds) with public traded quotas. It will indicate to a small investor what kind of information to look for in the funds prospect. In order to do so, the observed performances of several different intervals were regressed against determinants found in the existing literature. As a result from this work, the characteristics that statistically mostly contribute to an increased performance are: Investment funds with active management that focuses on office buildings located in the major central districts. / Esta dissertação busca identificar as características indicativas de desempenho superior de Fundos de Investimento Imobiliário (FII) com quotas negociadas em bolsa. Desta maneira visa subsidiar um investidor leigo de quais informações o mesmo deve procurar em um prospecto de um fundo de investimento a fim de selecionar o seu fundo. Para tanto foi aplicada uma metodologia de regressão simples da rentabilidade observada em diversos intervalos de tempo contra variáveis geralmente indicativas de desempenho levantadas na revisão bibliográfica. Como resultado deste trabalho, destacaram-se como características estatisticamente relevantes para uma maior rentabilidade fundos de gestão ativa, sem imóvel definido, cuja política de investimento visa lajes corporativas localizadas nos grandes centros urbanos.
206

Essays in applied economics: inequality and voting decision in Brazil

Coelho, Bernardo Dantas Pereira 18 August 2017 (has links)
Submitted by Bernardo Dantas Pereira Coelho (bernardo.coelho27@gmail.com) on 2018-05-02T21:35:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Doutorado - Bernardo Coelho.pdf: 2101693 bytes, checksum: 84ef02769381cf1afb6f413b79ebde05 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by GILSON ROCHA MIRANDA (gilson.miranda@fgv.br) on 2018-05-28T16:24:46Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Doutorado - Bernardo Coelho.pdf: 2101693 bytes, checksum: 84ef02769381cf1afb6f413b79ebde05 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-14T20:31:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Doutorado - Bernardo Coelho.pdf: 2101693 bytes, checksum: 84ef02769381cf1afb6f413b79ebde05 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-18 / Essa tese contém três capítulos. O primeiro capítulo estuda a relação entre o programa brasileiro de transferência condicional de renda Bolsa Família e os resultados das eleições de 2010. Nós procuramos estimar esse efeito utilizando uma abordagem estrutural, identificando características individuais que afetam o impacto eleitoral do programa. Fazemos isso utilizando um modelo mixed logit, um modelo de escolha discreta que considera tanto a distribuição paramétrica de variáveis não observadas quanto a distribuição não-paramétrica de variáveis conhecidas. Resultados indicam que o caráter redistributivo do programa possui um impacto eleitoral nos eleitores maior do que os ganhos individuais de renda dos beneficiários. O efeito marginal de ser um beneficiário do programa na decisão de voto é equivalente a um aumento de 81 reais na renda mensal do trabalho, menos do que o valor médio recebido por beneficiário que é de 90 reais. Nosso exercício contrafactual aponta que, sem o programa Bolsa Família, a incumbente, Sra. Rousseff, perderia 5,6% do total de votos, deixando o resultado da eleição inconclusivo. O segundo capítulo estuda a participação feminina na política, que aumentou na última década tanto em países ricos como em desenvolvimento. Não é claro, no entanto, se isso é parte de uma tendência ou apenas um crescimento reversível. A literatura apresenta argumentos teóricos tanto para um efeito de reforço quanto para um negativo da exposição a uma liderança negativa na probabilidade de apoio futuro a uma candidata mulher. Usando dados eleitorais e do Censo para o Brasil, testamos se o efeito da presença de uma prefeita mulher numa cidade impacta o apoio futuro a candidatas mulheres para Deputada Federal e não encontramos evidência de efeito significativo. Além disso, mostramos que apenas o uso de estatísticas agregadas, como médias demográficas, levaria a concluir equivocadamente que eleitores expostos ao governo de uma prefeita mulher teriam uma menor probabilidade de votar numa candidata mulher. O último capítulo investiga os determinantes para a queda de desigualdade de renda entre municípios brasileiros entre 2000 e 2010. Usando dados censitários, mostramos que a desigualdade caiu mais rápido em municípios com um maior nível de desigualdade em 2000 – sugerindo -convergência. Nós então, utilizamos a decomposição dinâmica (Shorrocks, 1982) para identificar a contribuição de mudanças nas condições do mercado de trabalho, como aumento do salário mínimo, formalização e melhoria na educação na convergência de desigualdade regional. Encontramos que a queda na desigualdade de renda no emprego formal foi o principal contribuinte para a redução de desigualdade de renda entre municípios no período. / This thesis contains three chapters. The first chapter studies the relationship between the Brazilian CCT program Bolsa Família and the outcome of the 2010 elections. We seek to estimate this effect using a structural approach, identifying individual characteristics that affect the electoral impact of the program. We do so by using a mixed logit model, a discrete choice model that considers both a parametrical distribution of unobserved variables and a non-parametrical distribution of known variables. Results indicate that the redistributive character of the program has a larger electoral impact on voters than the individual income gains of the beneficiaries. The marginal effect of being a beneficiary of the program on voting decision is equivalent to 81 Reais increase in monthly labor income, less than the average value received by a beneficiary, which is 90 reais. Our counterfactual exercise points that, without Bolsa Família, the incumbent, Mrs. Rousseff, would have lost 5.6% of the votes, making the election results unclear. The second chapter studies female participation in politics has increased in the last decade in both rich and developing countries. It is not clear, however, if this is part of a trend or just a reversible growth. Literature presents theoretical arguments for both a reinforcing force and a negative effect of the exposure to a female leadership on the probability of supporting a future female candidate. Using electoral and Census data for Brazil, we test the effect that the presence of a female mayor in a municipality has on future the support for a female candidate for Federal Deputy and find no evidence of a significant effect. Furthermore, we show that the use of aggregate statistics alone, as demographic averages, would mislead us to conclude that voters exposed to a female mayor have a smaller probability to support a female candidate. The last chapter investigates the determinants of the decline of income inequality across municipalities in Brazil between 2000 and 2010. Using censuses data, we show that inequality fell faster in municipalities with higher inequality levels in 2000 – suggesting - convergence. We, then, employ a dynamic decomposition (Shorrocks, 1982) to assess the contribution of changes in private labor market conditions as the increase in minimum wage, formalization and increase in education levels on the regional inequality convergence. We find that the fall in wage inequality in the private formal sector was the main driver of the reduction in income inequality across municipalities in the period.
207

Les enjeux de la discrimination positive au Brésil : le cas des quotas raciaux à l’Université d’État de Rio de Janeiro (UERJ)

Lafaiete Courty Leite, Diego 09 1900 (has links)
Ce travail vise à mieux comprendre les trajectoires et les conditions de vie de certains bénéficiaires de la politique des quotas, et également à connaître l’opinion de ces bénéficiaires sur l’efficacité du programme en tant qu’outil de lutte contre les inégalités raciales au Brésil. Pour cela, nous avons mené une étude de cas ayant comme but d’analyser l’expérience d’étudiants qui s’auto-identifient comme negros et qui ont eu accès à l’Université d’État de Rio de Janeiro, au Brésil, grâce à la politique de discrimination positive, et qui ont réussi à terminer leurs études universitaires et à obtenir leur diplôme. Nous avons mené des entretiens semi-structurés en soumettant des questionnaires contextuels à neuf anciens bénéficiaires de cette politique. Le guide d’entretien a été construit à partir de six domaines de recherche thématiques : la sélection de l’université et son intégration; l’identité raciale et le racisme; La permanence à l’université; l’intégration sur le marché du travail; la mobilité sociale et économique; et l’évaluation de la politique des quotas. Face aux résultats, nous pouvons dire que le système des quotas de l’UERJ, visant à garantir les droits historiquement niés à des groupes minoritaires tels que les Negros, par exemple, permet de changer de manière considérable les conditions de vie de ces bénéficiaires. Certes, il y a encore beaucoup à faire pour réduire les inégalités raciales et le racisme au Brésil, mais selon les résultats de la présente étude, la politique des quotas peut constituer l’une des étapes qui vont dans ce sens. / This research aims to better understand the trajectories and living conditions of certain beneficiaries of the quota policy and also to know the opinion of these beneficiaries on the effectiveness of the program as a tool to combat racial inequality in Brazil. To do so, a case study was conducted to learn about the experience of black self-declared alumni, who had access to the Rio de Janeiro State University, in Brazil, through affirmative action policy and have successfully completed their university studies and graduated. We conducted semistructured interviews and applied contextual questionnaires to nine former beneficiaries of the policy. The interview script was constructed from six thematic research areas: selection and integration of the University; racial identity and racism; permanence in the University; integration into the labor market; social and economic mobility; and evaluation of the quota policy. In view of the results, it can be said that the quota system in UERJ, which aims to guarantee rights historically denied to minority groups such as the blacks, for example, is helping to significantly change the living conditions of the beneficiaries. While there is still much to be done to reduce racial inequality and racism in Brazil, but from the results found here, apparently, the quota policy can be one of the steps in this direction.
208

Aplikácia zákonov genderovej parity politickými stranami vo Francúzsku / Application of laws of gender equality by French political parties

Šubertová, Aneta January 2017 (has links)
In 1999, France, after a long and dragging debate, revised its Constitution in order to enable the installation of gender quotas in elected political bodies. In 2000 'parity laws' were enacted. They defined the parameters of these quotas that applied strictly to elections of proportional electoral system, such as elections into municipal councils with over 3.500 inhabitants, regional and European elections, and Senate elections in areas with three and more senators. In elections with plurality voting system, such as legislative elections and Senate elections with one or two senators, the parity was supposed to be achieved by imposing of financial penalty for those political parties that would not comply with the parity laws. This diploma thesis describes a public discussion that had taken place in France before the adoption of the gender parity imposed by the law. It compares four major political parties- the Republicans, Socialist party, The Greens and the National Front. The research analyzes their compliance with parity laws and their implementation on their candidate lists in parliamentary as well as Senate elections. The aim of this diploma thesis is to show and compare the rhetoric and the actions of the studied political parties with regards to the parity. The research analyzes the lists of...
209

Ženy a místní správa: zapojení do politiky a politické dráhy žen v Turecku / Women and local power: processes of mobilization and female political pathways in Turkey

Drechselová, Lucie January 2018 (has links)
Women and local power: processes of mobilization and female political pathways in Turkey Type: Doctoral dissertation Author: Lucie Drechselová Institutions: Charles University and EHESS, Paris Year: 2018 Abstract This thesis focuses on the issue of women's under-representation in local politics in contemporary Turkey. The intermediary level of politics - party presence in municipalities - is studied with a double approach distinguishing among political parties (AKP, CHP, MHP, and the pro-Kurdish HDP & DBP) as well as among cities (Izmir, Trabzon and Diyarbakır). The Anglo-American body of literature in political sociology is put into dialogue with the French research in the fields of sociology of mobilization, of political elites and of institutions. Gendered perspective is transversal to the whole thesis. Field work was done in 2014, 2015 and 2016 in Izmir, Trabzon and Diyarbakır and took the form of non-participant observation and semi-directed interviews with two hundred female municipal councilors and women holding an intra- party office. Conceptually, seeing parties as heterogeneous entities allows us to study exchanges that take place within the party hierarchy. The place and role of women in the candidate selection processes questions the artificial separation between the "local" and the "national"....
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Genderové kvóty v politice / Gender quotas in politics

Mottlová, Markéta January 2014 (has links)
The main claim of my thesis is that demand of higher representation of women in politics and calling for quotas are legitimate. This claim is based on theoretical framework of descriptive and group representation. Essentialism is rejected in the line of reasoning in favour of more women in politics. Instead, current disadvantage of women and social and institutional barriers are pointed out. Although there are no common women's interestes, equality issues are predominantly placed on the political agenda by female politicians. Besides gender stereotypes the biggest obstacle for women in politics are their own political parties because they nominate few women and they do not place them at the top of candidate lists. Civic Democratic Party before election to Chamber of Deputies in 2013 was an example of the concept glass cliff when women get to leadership positions in the context of crisis. Quotas are based on mistrust of gradual development. Efficiency of quotas depends on how many political parties use them and in which position in parlament these parties are. The order of candidates on the ballots is also important. Nowadays there is a proposal of legislative quotas which would be obligatory for all political parties.

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