Ice accretion on wind turbines is a major problem in cold climates that reduces power generation and fatigues turbine components. Effective anti-icing and de-icing strategies to manage ice accretion require reliable local assessment of icing conditions and a measure of ice accretion rate on structures. Such sensors could be located on meteorological towers near wind farms or the nacelle of wind turbines. A new concept for the estimation of atmospheric ice accretion based on the measurement of capacitance and resistance change between two charged cylinders as ice accretes on the cylinders is introduced in this study. Numerical simulation of the electric field between the charged cylinders is used to investigate the dependence of the sensitivity of capacitance to the distance between the cylindrical probes and location of ice deposits. The numerical results are validated experimentally using aluminum probes and a set of acrylic cylindrical sleeves that fit over the probes to simulate icing with accurate geometries. A charged cylindrical probes system constructed based on the numerical results is described and evaluated under controlled rime and glaze icing conditions in the University of Manitoba Icing Wind Tunnel. Test results indicate ice builds up on the cylindrical probes and the measured capacitance increases while the resistance decreases. The change in measured capacitance change correlates well with the increase in the ice mass. Rime and glaze ice are distinguishable based on the rate of change of resistance with ice accretion. The numerical and experimental results provide a proof of concept of the charged cylindrical probes ice accretion measurement concept.

Ice accretion on wind turbines is a major problem in cold climates that reduces power generation and fatigues turbine components. Effective anti-icing and de-icing strategies to manage ice accretion require reliable local assessment of icing conditions and a measure of ice accretion rate on structures. Such sensors could be located on meteorological towers near wind farms or the nacelle of wind turbines. A new concept for the estimation of atmospheric ice accretion based on the measurement of capacitance and resistance change between two charged cylinders as ice accretes on the cylinders is introduced in this study. Numerical simulation of the electric field between the charged cylinders is used to investigate the dependence of the sensitivity of capacitance to the distance between the cylindrical probes and location of ice deposits. The numerical results are validated experimentally using aluminum probes and a set of acrylic cylindrical sleeves that fit over the probes to simulate icing with accurate geometries. A charged cylindrical probes system constructed based on the numerical results is described and evaluated under controlled rime and glaze icing conditions in the University of Manitoba Icing Wind Tunnel. Test results indicate ice builds up on the cylindrical probes and the measured capacitance increases while the resistance decreases. The change in measured capacitance change correlates well with the increase in the ice mass. Rime and glaze ice are distinguishable based on the rate of change of resistance with ice accretion. The numerical and experimental results provide a proof of concept of the charged cylindrical probes ice accretion measurement concept.

The new elements in "The Ancient Mariner" were partly responsible for the unfavorable early reviews which vary much from the high praise the poem receives today. The purpose of this study is to record critical opinion of the poem from the contemporary reviews of 1798 to the intensive critical analysis of the 1960's.

La thèse se veut une première étude d'ensemble de l'uvre du poète et conteur français Georges Fourest (1864-1945). Après une étude sociographique de Georges Fourest, elle comporte une analyse de chaque ouvrage de l'auteur, selon une chronologie inversée. En effet à contre-courant des quelques études consacrées à Fourest et qui situent essentiellement le poète de La Négresse blonde dans une esthétique décadente (ou fin de siècle) indéfiniment prolongée, elle montre, à partir de l'analyse du dernier recueil, Le Géranium ovipare, à quel point Fourest a jeté sur son uvre un regard rétrospectif, à quel point il a réfléchi à sa propre postérité, à sa situation dans l'institution littéraire et au devenir même de la littérature. Elle souligne également combien toute l'uvre tient de la réécriture, tant ironique que laudatrice, de la littérature - du moins d'une certaine littérature. En effet, une telle célébration active, créatrice, n'est dénuée ni de clins d'il ni d'options littéraires précises, comme en témoignent les autres livres successivement analysés. Dans la mesure où l'écriture poétique s'avère indissociable chez Fourest du travail du vers, la thèse se conclut par une relecture du corpus poétique sous l'angle de la métrique et de la versification.

No description available.

No description available.

<p> The experiments presented here investigated the effects of manipulating the visibility of spelling patterns in English print, without concurrent oral segmentation, on the word identification skills of beginning non-readers. Visibility of the orthographic patterns was manipulated by presenting material organized into rime families (blocked) or with rime families distributed throughout training (unblocked), as well as through highlighting common rimes in the same colour of print. Experiment 1 demonstrated that while a program emphasizing the orthographic patterns in the English writing system (without concurrent phonological segmentation) led to rapid improvements in beginning non-readers' on line word identification, the benefits of such training did not persist beyond the training context. Experiments 2A and 2B investigated whether the failure to transfer word reading skills beyond the blocked training context was mitigated by training programs that required increased focus on the letter patterns (2A) and the letter-sound relations (2B). These manipulations did not influence performance; children continued to demonstrate poor transfer beyond the training context. Experiment 3 focused on determining the mechanisms underlying the poor transfer following blocked training. To evaluate performance, this final experiment used a novel measure comprising word identification as well as onset and rime identification. Training materials were blocked either by rimes or onsets. The question of interest was whether training on material that blocks by orthographic units allows children to identify the blocked units during training without actively decoding their letter-sound relations, thus decreasing the probability of forming connections between the graphemes and phonemes comprising them. Results indicated that this is the case when children were trained on material blocked by rimes, but not that blocked by onsets. </p> / Thesis / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / nÃo hà / A pesquisa em questÃo propÃe a construÃÃo de um dispositivo psicopedagÃgico que (re)signifique a Dor Espiritual da Perda, de modo a auxiliar quatro jovens enlutados a lidarem com suas perdas provocadas por mortes de figuras de afeto ocorridas de maneira violenta. No tracejar das linhas mestras que compÃem o escopo desse trabalho, trago como elementos discursivos no campo da temÃtica morte a necessidade de compreendÃ-la como parte da vida, ampliando a discussÃo sobre seu silenciamento como fala interdita na modernidade, em paralelo com um sentido de (re)humanizaÃÃo da mesma, em que aspectos como emoÃÃo e espÃrito sÃo contemplados na experiÃncia do morrer como parte da condiÃÃo humana. Com relaÃÃo à espiritualidade, a educaÃÃo à convocada a estabelecer um diÃlogo com a dimensÃo espiritual do sujeito, considerando estados de consciÃncia alterados, atravÃs da utilizaÃÃo da razÃo e de experiÃncias vivenciadas subjetivamente, permitindo o acesso a camadas mais Ãntimas dos sentimentos humanos, provedoras de singulares sentidos para suas existÃncias. Considerando o luto um processo psicolÃgico reativo e de adaptaÃÃo a um rompimento de vÃnculos e, tambÃm, tendo em vista o importante papel do enlutado como sujeito ativo nos seus processos de refazimento ante rupturas e perdas atravÃs da realizaÃÃo das tarefas do luto, elegi como caminhos metodolÃgicos nesta pesquisa a HistÃria de Vida e FormaÃÃo e a intervenÃÃo RIME (Relaxamento Mental, Imagens Mentais e Espiritualidade). A integraÃÃo dessas duas vias de acesso ao autoconhecimento formador e transformador produziram resultados bastante profÃcuos, demonstrando que ainda que a ruptura de um vÃnculo por morte provoque dores inevitÃveis, estas podem ser (re)sigificadas, adquirindo um sentido nutridor de novas formas de se viver, amar e lidar com a finitude. / La investigaciÃn que presento propone la construcciÃn de un dispositivo psicopedagÃgico que (re)signifique el dolor espiritual de la pÃrdida, para ayudar a cuatro jÃvenes enlutados a lidiar con sus pÃrdidas, causadas por muertes de personas amadas ocurridas de forma violenta. En el trazado de las lÃneas maestras que componem el escopo de este trabajo, traigo como elemento discursivo en el campo de la temÃtica muerte la necesidad de comprenderla como parte de la vida, ampliando la discusiÃn sobre su silenciamiento como habla interdicta en la modernidad, en paralelo con un sentido de (re)humanizaciÃn de la misma, en quà aspectos como emociÃn y espÃritu se contemplan en la experiencia del morir como parte de la condiciÃn humana. Con respecto a la espiritualidad, la educaciÃn es convocada a establecer un diÃlogo con la dimensiÃn espiritual del sujeto, considerando estados de conciencia alterados, a travÃs de la utilizaciÃn de la razÃn y de experiencias vivenciadas subjetivamente, permitiendo el acceso a capas mÃs Ãntimas de los sentimientos humanos, provedores de singulares sentidos para sus existencias. Considerando el luto un processo psicolÃgico reactivo y de adaptaciÃn a un rompimiento de vÃnculos y tambiÃn teniendo en vista el importante papel del enlutado como sujeto activo en sus procesos de rehacer ante rupturas y pÃrdidas a travÃs de la realizaciÃn de las tareas del luto, elegà como caminos metodolÃgicos en esta investigaciÃn la Historia de Vida y FormaciÃn y la IntervenciÃn RIME (RelajaciÃn Mental, ImÃgenes Mentales y Espiritualidad). La integraciÃn de estas dos vÃas de acceso al autoconocimiento formador y transformador produjo resultados bastante provechos, demostrando que aunque la ruptura de un vÃnculo por muerte provoque dolores inevitables, Ãstas pueden ser (re) sigificadas, adquiriendo un sentido nutritivo de nuevas formas de vivir , amar y lidiar con la finitud.

La thèse porte sur la poésie de Marguerite de Navarre et Vittoria Colonna. Elle se concentre sur la codification de leurs poésies spirituelles et examine comment des formes littéraires traditionnelles sont combinées avec des idées religieuses nouvelles et transformées. Pour ce faire, la partie théorique de cette thèse développe une conception du code qui est ensuite appliquée aux poèmes des deux poètes. Dans une partie historique, la thèse explore l’évangélisme en Italie. Elle examine s’il existe en Italie un code évangélique comparable au code évangélique français. La thèse examine ensuite les sonnets spirituels de Vittoria Colonna. Ces poèmes sont édités et traduits en annexe. L’étude analyse également le poème "Le Balladin" de Clément Marot. Le corpus des textes analysés de Marguerite de Navarre comprend les rondeaux, les dizains ainsi que les chansons spirituelles. La thèse se focalise sur l’analyse de la codification et de l’interdépendance de la forme littéraire et de la pensée religieuse. / The thesis deals with the poetry of Marguerite of Navarre and Vittoria Colonna. It focuses on the codification of their spiritual poetry and examines how traditional literary forms are combined with new religious ideas and how they are transformed. To do this, the theoretical part of this thesis develops a conception of code that is then applied to the poems of the two poets. In a historical part, the thesis explores evangelism in Italy. It examines whether there is an evangelical code in Italy comparable to the French evangelical code. The thesis then examines the spiritual sonnets of Vittoria Colonna. These poems are edited and translated in an appendix. The study also analyses Clément Marot's poem "Le Balladin". The corpus of texts by Marguerite of Navarre includes the rondeaux, the dizains and the chansons spirituelles. The thesis focuses on the analysis of the codification and of the interdependence of literary form and religious thought.

The most important classical Greek heroes were believed to suffer from a physical, mental, and spiritual illness shown negatively to alter their general state of being. Attributed to an excess of black bile in the body, the earliest documented form of this ailment came to be known as "melancholy;" paramount among its effects was the emergence of a severely split being sincerely pursuing Virtue, yet markedly susceptible to the Passions that threatened to veer him off his course. / In the Middle Ages, traces of melancholy are found in the sin of acedia still today considered a rather "medieval" vice. Globally defined as a state of "general apathy," acedia was believed more egregiously to affect solitary religious figures devoted to prayer. The dawn of Humanism in Western Europe, however, saw this notion extended to the more general scholar, and featured as (arguably) its first protagonist, 14 th-century humanist Francesco Petrarca. / The manifestations of this malady pervade his oeuvre as a whole: repeatedly in his immense repertoire, Petrarch - at least in his proliferation of an artistic or lyrical "io" or self--surfaces as a fragmented if not strictly binary figure both tormented by his incumbent passions and resolutely determined to overcome them. Petrarch's often autobiographical figures are ruled by conflicting inner forces which leave them paralysed, indecisive, and helpless before Fortune, in a new position foreshadowing the anthropocentric and, to a degree, "bipartite" "modernity" soon to flood the continent. / Through a close reading of three of his most celebrated texts - the Secretum, De Remediis Utriusque Fortunae, and the Canzoniere, this study will seek to posit Petrarch as a fundamentally melancholic and "accidioso" writer whose condition of internal and social rupture more generally speaks to the emerging "crisis of modernity" which he perhaps first sets to the center stage of his period.