Zugl.: Bielefeld, Univ., Diss., 2007

Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Direito, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Direito, Doutorado em Direito, 2018. / Submitted by Raquel Viana (raquelviana@bce.unb.br) on 2018-08-15T19:24:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2018_RobertoDalledoneMachadoFilho.pdf: 1282805 bytes, checksum: 88c46cb17aa915d27b7723e256ab1181 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Raquel Viana (raquelviana@bce.unb.br) on 2018-08-27T18:03:11Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2018_RobertoDalledoneMachadoFilho.pdf: 1282805 bytes, checksum: 88c46cb17aa915d27b7723e256ab1181 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-27T18:03:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2018_RobertoDalledoneMachadoFilho.pdf: 1282805 bytes, checksum: 88c46cb17aa915d27b7723e256ab1181 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-08-15 / Esta tese tenta descobrir como um debate americano sobre a unidade jurídica está nas origens do regime de investimento. Embora seja impossível reivindicar um continuum unívoco de mais de um século de experiência em direito internacional, esta tese tenta mostrar que há continuidades com o atual debate atual sobre a constitucionalização do direito internacional e, particularmente, do regime de investimento internacional. Levando teoria dos sistemas como ponto de partida, esta pesquisa adota um conceito de constituição que é o significado da articulação de uma proibição de negação de justiça. A linha processual que é ativada pela articulação da proibição da negação da justiça é marcada por uma série de decisões que foram autorizadas por normas legais, todas eles solidamente acoplados uns aos outros e a outros sistemas sociais, tornando possível entendê-los em seus contexto histórico. A análise histórica começa, portanto, com o primeiro momento em que o conceito de a proibição da negação da justiça emergiu e explora a ligação entre este conceito e o direito internacional. Dentro desenvolvimento do federalismo, a Constituição americana criou incentivos para o Supremo Tribunal Federal resolver conflitos estabelecendo novas normas de empoderamento. Mais tarde, esta experiência provou ser fundamental para a articulação, agora no cenário internacional, de um conceito de “negação de justiça”. Finalmente, à luz interpretação das normas constitucionais dentro e além dos estados, a tese afirma que é o princípio, não um norma de negação de justiça que está no centro do atual regime de investimento internacional como um programa específico projetado pelos estados para garantir, no espaço transnacional, o acoplamento estrutural do direito e da economia - isto é, propriedade. Ao enfatizar que o conceito de constitucionalismo no cenário internacional só pode se manifestar acoplamentos frouxos, os próprios limites deste regime específico vêm à luz. O direito internacional de investimento não é necessariamente uma novidade dentro da teoria jurídica, que pode explicar sua unidade mesmo em um cenário pluralista, mas essa unidade, como apenas vagamente juntamente com a política, é menos aberto a práticas de inclusão. / This thesis attempts to uncover how an American debate about legal unity is at the origins of the international investment regime. Although it is impossible to claim a univocal continuum from more than a century of professional experience in international law, this thesis attempts to show that there are continuities with today’s current debate on the constitutionalization of international law and, particularly, of the regime of international investment. Taking systems theory as its point of departure, this research adopts a concept of constitution that is the meaningful articulation of a prohibition of denial of justice. The procedural line that is activated by the articulation of the prohibition of the denial of justice is marked by a series of decisions that were empowered by legal norms, all of them loosely coupled to one another and to other social systems, making it possible to understand them in their historical context. The historical analysis begins, thus, with the very first moment where the concept of the prohibition of denial of justice emerged, and it explores the link between this concept and international law. In developing the development of federalism, the American Constitution created incentives for the Supreme Court to solve conflicts by establishing new empowering norms. Later on, this experience proved to be fundamental for the articulation, now on the international scene, of a concept of “denial of justice.” Finally, in light of this specific interpretation of constitutional norms within and beyond the states, the thesis claims that it is the principle, not a norm, of denial of justice that is at the heart of the current regime of international investment as a specific program designed by states to guarantee, in the transnational space, the structural coupling of law and economics—that is, property. By stressing that the concept of constitutionalism in the international scene can only be manifested through loose couplings, the very limits of this specific regime comes to light. International investment law is not necessarily a novelty within legal theory, which can account for its unity even in a pluralist setting, but this unity, as only loosely coupled with politics, is less open to inclusionary practices.

Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-01T23:31:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_9650_TeseSimoneCassini.pdf: 11413761 bytes, checksum: 942bdeb50a0126b07611931645b662ad (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-10 / Trata-se da pesquisa de doutorado que tem como tema de investigação os arranjos territoriais na política educacional. O objetivo da pesquisa foi analisar a incidência do fenômeno do associativismo intergovernamental na educação, interpretando suas implicações para a atual conjuntura federativa educacional. Recentes experiências de associativismo intergovernamental na política educacional, em específico os Arranjos de Desenvolvimento da Educação ou Territórios de Cooperação Educacional, são interpretados por órgãos do governo como mecanismos inerentes ao regime de colaboração. Compreender as implicações desse fenômeno para a política educacional nos levou a definir caminhos empíricos e epistemológicos que nos permitiram gerar resultados comparáveis. Adotando o aporte teórico da sociologia compreensiva, a pesquisa buscou compreender o fenômeno por meio da análise interpretativa das ações dos agentes envolvidos. Assim, adotamos contornos metodológicos considerando dois aspectos: A investigação empírica com o objetivo de gerar resultados comparáveis e; O percurso epistemológica considerando a empiria, permitindo-nos incorporar resultados teóricos na área da Política Educacional. Para a definição da empiria, consideramos e classificamos as diferentes relações (pessoas jurídicas e agentes) presentes na realidade pesquisada, como forma de compreender e situar teoricamente os novos padrões que vêm delineando a relação federativa educacional. Constituíram o campo de pesquisa o Território de Cooperação Educacional do Médio Piracicaba (TCE-Médio Piracicaba), localizado no estado de Minas Gerais; o Território de Cooperação do Xingu, e o Território de Cooperação Educacional do Tapajós (TCE-Tapajós), localizados no estado do Pará. Para a coleta de dados foi utilizada a entrevista, a observação direta e a análise documental. Dentre os principais resultados apontamos a tese de que o fenômeno apresenta reflexos dos novos paradigmas da Administração Pública, que redesenham a estrutura do federalismo cooperativo brasileiro. Por isso, as Considerações Finais tiveram como base argumentativa três questões: a) de que o problema é uma questão federativa, e integra o aspecto jurídico e político do Estado (federalismo compartimentalizado); b) que os arranjos associativos vem se conformando como instrumento à fragmentação administrativa do Estado; c) que novos consensos em torno da colaboração e cooperação tem se delineado pelas mudanças ocasionadas a partir dos novos paradigmas da administração pública.

<p> The period of observation necessary to obtain representative mean monthly values for precipitation, temperature, and streamflow is about fifteen years. At present there is a paucity of meteorological and streamflow records of such length. This makes hydrological investigations in northern Ontario difficult. </p> <p> River regimes of northern Ontario are found to exhibit general characteristics. More specifically, runoff peaks occur in spring due to snowmelt, and secondary fall peaks occur due to rainfall. The regimes can be classified into four types based upon qualitative comparisons of annual flow response patterns. River regimes in northern Ontario exhibit spatial variation. Rivers to the northwest have lower flow magnitude due to decreased precipitation, and tend to have flow "buffered" by the many small lakes located there. Rivers to the southeast have more pronounced spring melt peaks resulting from greater winter snow accumulation. Fall contributuion to total annual runoff increases to the northwest. The colder winter conditions of northern Ontario is reflected in a tendency of winter contribution to annual yield to decrease towards the northwest. </p> <p> Seasonal runoff is affected by meteorological conditions. Temperature has a marked effect on spring streamflow as rising temperature causes snowmelt. Summer flow reflects the effects of both temperature and precipitation. Precipitation has a pronounced effect on fall runoff. Winter runoff is dominated by baseflow only as temperatures are low and precipitation is snow which accumulates until spring. </p> <p> An attempt to produce equations for predicting seasonal monthly flow was unsuccessful. Meteorological stations are too sparsely distributed to provide representive data necessary for producing such equations. There is a need to increase the meteorological and streamflow station network in northern Ontario to enable a more comprehensive study of the hydrologic processes. / Thesis / Candidate in Philosophy

As a result of recent advances in micro and nanotechnology, the tiny movements of nanoscale active and passive objects in fluids can be probed with ultrahigh sensitivity and time resolution. The overarching theme of this dissertation is to harness these movements in fluids in order to study fundamental fluid dynamics and develop novel biomedical devices. First, we use the oscillatory movements of nanocantilevers to investigate the scaling behavior of unsteady fluid flow. Here, our expansive experimental data and rigorous theoretical analysis suggest that a generalized scaling parameter combining the length and time scales of the flow governs the scaling. Second, we turn our attention to nanoscale movements of bacteria in a buffer. We develop a simple, robust and sensitive experimental method to detect and track the random movements of bacteria. Using this method, we show evidence that these random movements of bacteria correlate with their antibiotic susceptibility. In the first part of this thesis, we explore, through experimental and theoretical work, the breakdown of the Navier-Stokes equations in oscillatory fluid flows. The Navier-Stokes equations of hydrodynamics are based on two crucial assumptions. First, the fluid is approximated as a continuum, with a well-defined ``fluid particle." Second, the stress in the fluid is assumed to be a linear function of the rate-of-strain, resulting in a so-called Newtonian fluid. If a fluid such as an ideal gas is gradually rarefied, the Navier-Stokes equations begin to fail and a kinetic description of the flow becomes appropriate. The failure of the Navier-Stokes equations can be thought to take place via two different physical mechanisms: either the continuum hypothesis breaks down as a result of a finite size effect; or the local equilibrium is violated due to the high rate of strain. Our experimental approach is to create an unsteady flow by oscillating a finite-sized body in a gas and to measure the dissipation (or the drag force) acting on the body. By using micro and nanofabrication techniques, we independently tune the relevant linear dimensions and the frequencies of the oscillating bodies. We then measure the pressure-dependent dissipation of these micro/nano oscillators in three different gases, Helium, Nitrogen, and Argon. We observe that the scaling of the fluidic dissipation is governed by a subtle interplay between the length scale and the frequency, embodied respectively in the dimensionless Knudsen (Kn) and the Weissenberg ( Wi) numbers. We collapse all the experimental data using a single scaling parameter: Wi + Kn. This new dimensionless parameter, which can be regarded as a generalized Knudsen number, combines the relevant linear dimension and the frequency of the body; it is rooted in Galilean invariance and can be obtained rigorously from the Chapman-Enskog expansion of the Boltzmann equation. In the second part of the thesis, we turn to the movements of active micro-swimmers in a buffer. This portion of the work is motivated by a serious global public health problem: the rise of multi-drug resistant bacteria. One way to prevent this threat from growing is to treat bacterial infections with effective antibiotics using the minimum dosage. However, currently-used antibiotic susceptibility tests (ASTs), which determine whether or not bacterial isolates from a patient are susceptible to administered antibiotics, take too long. Here, we aim to develop a robust and rapid AST by exploiting a recently-observed microbiological phenomenon: various nanomechanical movements of bacteria subside promptly (within minutes) when the bacteria are exposed to an effective antibiotic. Our approach is to transduce bacterial movements into electrical voltage fluctuations in a microchannel filled with a buffer solution. When a small but constant current is driven through the microchannel, bacterial movements are converted into strong voltage fluctuations due to the fact that they modulate the effective microchannel diameter. Our experiments with E. coli show that the proposed detection method can provide antibiotic susceptibility results in ~1 hour, making it a promising rapid AST. Because this approach is based on a simple electrical measurement and does not require delicate process steps and instrumentation, it may eventually be used at the point of care. / 2019-03-09T00:00:00Z

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2007. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 125-132).

Analyzing the various factors that strengthened the Hashemite regime's stability during the spread of chaos caused by the Arab Spring is deemed important; even though the wave of the Arab Spring has ended, Jordan's economy is still suffering and the public is still demanding reform nonetheless, the Hashemite regime is untouched. This research will analyze the regime-society bond in light of the Arab Uprising that has undoubtedly assisted in the survival of the kingdom by creating a framework by which protesters unconsciously adhered to that entailed calls for political and economic reform to be initiated by the existing regime. Furthermore, the Hashemite's most powerful allies made sure to provide military and financial assistance to ensure the regime and the kingdoms remain secure and stable. However, such aid did not come without a price; it was critical for the Hashemite regime to balance between maintaining its coordinated strategies with its allies to maintain the close relations and maintaining its sovereignty and the foreign policies that serve national interests.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T18:11:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Josenilde Silva Souza.pdf: 6248944 bytes, checksum: fa63aabbb890022265048d0cdbb95c6d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-10-20 / This work analyzes to what extent the choice of a certain city space for the performance of fashion shows is decisive to establish a new plastic and semantic configuration. In the transition of the conventional space formed by an indoor room to an outdoor and unconventional space for example, a viaduct, a street or a garden we investigate the fashion show s ways of organizations in different spaces and in what ways they modify their structuring and at the same time they redefine the city. In these modalities organizations the parameters of public and private spaces significantly intervene as much as the engagements of these poles with the basic category open vs. closed space. The narrative semiotics of Algirdas Julien Greimas and the postulations of Eric Landowski are the theoretical and methodological frameworks used to handle the problem of how the presence modes of the fashion show in the urban space act in the production of visuality, visibility and identity, as well as on the performances communicative and interactive processes. A set of fashion shows was analyzed from the hypothesis: 1) the fashion shows compose syncretic processes that articulate heterogeneous languages distinctly in order to generate communicational developments promoted by the aesthetic arrangement of the expression plan by accomplishing the semantic investments of the content; 2) the discursive constructions build new visuality, visibility and identity modes of the fashion creators and their brands; 3) the city places unfolds produce sensible and intelligible apprehensions in the public inserted in the discourse and 4) these enunciative choices define the identity of the fashion creator and the brand, as much as its user and the city. Photographic records of the researcher outlined the imagetic corpus of four fashion shows observed in the period between 2005 and 2010: Maria Garcia (SPFW Winter/2010), Cavalera (SPFW Summer/2010), Fashion Mob (Casa dos Criadores/2010) and Karla Girotto (Fashion Rio, Summer/2005). The object of this research results from the researcher s direct observation of the performances, highlighting the criteria for analysis - the experience of aesthetic and aesthesic order that the types of interaction produced in the spaces build among brand, fashion creator and public. The analytical conclusion allowed the elaboration of four description categories and the analysis of this construction that make the fashion show, the creator and the brand exist, which will be able to be reoperated in other communicational processes / Este trabalho analisa em que medida a escolha de um dado espaço da cidade para a realização dos desfiles de moda é determinante para instaurar uma nova configuração plástica e semântica. Na mudança do desfile de espaço convencional, constituído por uma sala fechada, para um espaço aberto e não convencional por exemplo, um viaduto, uma rua ou um jardim , investigamos os modos de organização dos desfiles em distintos espaços, e de que maneira estes modificam a sua estruturação, ao mesmo tempo em que redefinem a cidade. Nessas modalidades de organização, intervêm significativamente os parâmetros de espaço público e privado, assim como combinatórias desses pólos com a categoria de base espaço fechado vs. espaço aberto. A semiótica narrativa de Algirdas Julien Greimas e as conceituações de Eric Landowski são o arcabouço teórico e metodológico para dar conta do problema de como os modos de presença do desfile no espaço urbano agem na produção da visualidade, da visibilidade e da identidade, bem como nos processos comunicativos e interativos das performances. Um conjunto de desfiles foi analisado a partir das seguintes hipóteses: 1) os desfiles constituem processos sincréticos que articulam distintamente linguagens heterogêneas, a fim de gerar desdobramentos comunicacionais promovidos pelo arranjo estético do plano da expressão ao concretizar os investimentos semânticos do conteúdo; 2) as construções discursivas edificam modos de visualidade, de visibilidade e de identidade dos criadores de moda e das marcas; 3) os desdobramentos dos lugares da cidade produzem apreensões sensíveis e inteligíveis no público inserido no discurso e 4) essas escolhas enunciativas são definidoras da identidade do criador de moda e da marca, assim como do usuário e da cidade. Registros fotográficos da pesquisadora delinearam o corpus imagético de quatro desfiles de moda, observados no período compreendido entre 2005 e 2010: Maria Garcia (SPFW, inverno/2010), Cavalera (SPFW, verão/2010), Fashion Mob (Casa dos Criadores/2010) e Karla Girotto (Fashion Rio, verão/2005). O objeto deste trabalho resulta da observação direta da pesquisadora das apresentações, destacando, entre os critérios de análise, a experiência de ordem estética e estésica que os tipos de interação produzidos nos espaços montam entre marca, criador de moda e público. Como conclusão analítica, chegou-se à elaboração de quatro categorias de descrição e análise dessa construção que faz ser o desfile, o criador de moda e a marca, as quais poderão ser reoperadas em outros processos comunicacionais

Does the choice of exchange-rate regime effect the economic growth performance of a country? And does the significance of such a relationship vary across different levels of development? Few questions in international economics, whether it be in academic or policy circles, have inspired as much debate yielding as little consensus. Although both economic growth theory and empirical literatures suggests the existence of direct and indirect channels, through which the choice of regime may indeed impinge the growth rate, neither has managed to provide an unambiguous answer. The aim of this paper is to analyze the theoretical arguments as to the relationship between the choice of exchange-rate regime and economic growth and to empirically investigate if there is an optimal regime, in terms of growth, and if the significance of this impact differs across various levels of country development. Applying a cross-sectional regression estimation of 60 countries over the period 2000-2010, this paper finds that the choice of exchange-rate regime holds no significant explanatory power over economic growth. These findings were robust to dividing the sample based on the level of country development. Although no direct relationship was found, these findings supports the argument that the choice of regime may indeed effect growth indirectly, through its impact on other deterministic growth factors, such as trade, investment and productivity. The findings of this paper are both in accord and discord with previous results and underlines how divergent the empirical research is on this continuously debated issue.

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