This paper scrutinizes the development of heights in Peru from the early republican period to the end of the guano era (1820-1880). Studying heights of prisoners from the Lima penitentiary, we find that those of prisoners from the lower classes stagnated throughout the period. We argue that the presence of such a valuable export as guano had no positive effects on the standard of living of the middle and lower classes, not even in Lima, where most of the benefits from guano exports were concentrated. After controlling for ethnic and occupational differences throughout the period under consideration, we find no statistically significant regional disparities in living standards. Moreover, we find that ethnic differences were as pronounced during that time as they would have been if no political change had happened, and that they remained unchanged throughout the entire century. In addition, this study is the first to present data on 19th-century Peruvian women. / Este artículo escudriña el desarrollo de las estaturas en el Perú que va desde los inicios del periodo republicano hasta el fin de la era del guano (1820-1880). Estudiando las estaturas de los prisioneros de una penitenciaria de Lima, encontramos que las estaturas de los prisioneros de clases bajas se estancaron a través del periodo. Argumentamos que la presencia de un bien de exportación con tanto valor como el guano no tuvo efectos positivos en el nivel de vida de las clases medias y bajas, ni siquiera en Lima, donde se concentró la mayoría de beneficios de las exportaciones de guano. Luego de controlar las diferencias étnicas y ocupacionales para todo el periodo en consideración, no encontramos disparidades regionales en los niveles de vida que sean estadísticamente significativas.Además, hallamos que las diferencias étnicas fueron tan pronunciadas durante ese tiempo como lo habrían sido de no haber ocurrido ningún cambio político, y que estas permanecieron sin cambio durante el siglo entero. Adicionalmente, este estudio es el primero en presentar datos sobre la mujer peruana del siglo XIX.Este artículo fue originalmente publicado en Economics & Human Biology, 8(2), 2010, 145-152 con el título The seed of abundance and misery. Peruvian living standards from the early republican period to the end of the guano era (1820-80). La traducción al castellano fue realizada por Stephan Gruber Narváez.

Submitted by Gustavo Gomes (gustavolascasas@gmail.com) on 2013-09-17T12:16:48Z No. of bitstreams: 2 A Nova Geografia Econ??mica tr??s ensaios para o Brasil.pdf: 1310322 bytes, checksum: 3f258950dd48382377323781b037cf47 (MD5) license_rdf: 23599 bytes, checksum: 9e2b7f6edbd693264102b96ece20428a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Roger Guedes (roger.guedes@fjp.mg.gov.br) on 2013-09-17T13:48:42Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 A Nova Geografia Econ??mica tr??s ensaios para o Brasil.pdf: 1310322 bytes, checksum: 3f258950dd48382377323781b037cf47 (MD5) license_rdf: 23599 bytes, checksum: 9e2b7f6edbd693264102b96ece20428a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-17T13:48:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 A Nova Geografia Econ??mica tr??s ensaios para o Brasil.pdf: 1310322 bytes, checksum: 3f258950dd48382377323781b037cf47 (MD5) license_rdf: 23599 bytes, checksum: 9e2b7f6edbd693264102b96ece20428a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Funda????o Jo??o Pinheiro / Esta tese tem como proposta analisar a desigualdade da distribui????o das atividades econ??micas e da renda per capita no Brasil, utilizando dados censit??rios para as microrregi??es do Nordeste, Sudeste e Centro-Oeste. Para isso, s??o apresentados tr??s artigos. No primeiro artigo, Acessibilidade e desigualdade regional no Brasil: uma proposta metodol??gica, prop??e-se um indicador de acessibilidade que ?? uma medida de mercado potencial, mas que considera as diferen??as de infra-estrutura existentes no Brasil. O segundo, Aglomera????es: quais seus fatores explicativos?, atrav??s de uma metodologia de an??lise de vari??ncia, procura responder quais os fatores explicativos das aglomera????es. Os resultados mostram que os principais fatores s??o os aglomerativos, corroborando com os argumentos da Nova Geografia Econ??mica. Diante disso, buscaram-se ind??cios de que o custo de transporte esteja no n??vel intermedi??rio, o que foi verificado. O terceiro artigo, Mercado potencial e crescimento econ??mico: evid??ncias para as microrregi??es do Sudeste, Nordeste e Centro-Oeste brasileiro, analisa se existem evid??ncias de que o acesso aos mercados influencia o diferencial de renda per capita existente entre as microrregi??es e se h?? heterogeneidade dos par??metros. Os resultados apontam para uma influ??ncia do acesso aos mercados sobre o diferencial de renda per capita. Essa influ??ncia ?? diferenciada entre as microrregi??es presentes no Sudeste e no Nordeste e Centro-Oeste. No Sudeste, h?? uma rela????o positiva, ou seja, quanto maior o acesso aos mercados maior o crescimento da renda per capita, enquanto para as microrregi??es do Nordeste e Centro-Oeste o resultado ?? inverso. / This thesis has three contributions: a) in the first paper, we develop a transportation cost index based on the market potential concept. b) In the second paper, we test if first or second nature causes determine agglomerations in our sample, which is composed by micro-regions of the Northeast, Southeast and Centre-West macro-regions in Brazil, in the period 1970-2000. We observe that second order causes directly or indirectly are the main determinants of agglomeration. We also collect evidence that transportation cost are at intermediate levels in these regions. c) In the third paper, we investigate if access to markets determines the (transitional) growth rate of per capita income. It does, but in a differentiated manner accordingly mainly to the macro-region from which the micro-region belongs. / Economia e Finan??as

Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-11-07T12:34:32Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Carlos Ferreira Wanderley - 2018.pdf: 6557048 bytes, checksum: c351448e3d8da336a22102b85d9f8dc4 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-11-08T09:54:56Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Carlos Ferreira Wanderley - 2018.pdf: 6557048 bytes, checksum: c351448e3d8da336a22102b85d9f8dc4 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-08T09:54:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Carlos Ferreira Wanderley - 2018.pdf: 6557048 bytes, checksum: c351448e3d8da336a22102b85d9f8dc4 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-09-28 / This research has its methodological-theoretical basis in dialectical materialism and uses the Triangulation as investigational strategy. The main goal is to understand the dynamics in the relation between the Solidary Economy project and the Brazilian State during neo-developmental governments by an impact evaluation of the Food Acquisition Program (Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos – PAA) on associative family farming territories, considering the instrumentalization of their places and enterprises by the informational technical-scientific environment. For such, we analyze the Brazilian neo-developmental socio-economic and political scenario in the period from 2003 to 2016. Initially, there are the presidential terms of Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (2003-2010), whose purposes were, among others, maintain the economic stabilization policy and face the social inequalities, being the non-salary occupation in solidary economy enterprises one of the strategies. Following, there are the presidential terms of Dilma Vana Rousseff (2011-2016) that, although with meaningful adjustments, carry on with this policy. In the degree that neo-developmental efforts influence the modeling of a policy for family farming through the PAA, it is possible to see, however, that when it comes to the execution old practices and instruments are not disentangled, supporting the (re)production of regional inequalities, especially because of the instrumentalization of their enterprises by the informational technical-scientific environment. This thesis is supported by the following expressions and directions: (i) although acknowledging the altruism in the principles and practices of solidary organizations, Solidary Economy has served the capitalism as an absorption space for the reserve army and, therefore, as a way of social control, and, being one of its expressions, the associative family farming reveals its contradictions; (ii) the performance of this social-developmental policy has “chicken flight autonomy”, that is, with meaningful oscillations and unsustainability, ends quickly, because in family farming, and predominantly, in the PAA, although resources are substantial in the beginning, they decrease in the end; (iii) the intersectoral and incremental models are not efficient in the PAA operation; (iv) in state and municipal partnerships, the Federal Government always acknowledges low adherence from managers; (v) financial resources tend to be better applied where informational technical-scientific knowledge is already developed; (vi) PAA resources are concentrated in richer and more articulated states; (vii) members of groupings from economically depressed regions have lower income and inferior quality of life conditions; (viii) when implementing and operating the PAA, entrepreneurs face difficult bureaucratic demands, unable to have a continuing and sufficient production; (ix) the improvement in farmers’ quality of life is the result of a set of public policies and not of PAA alone; (x) there are cooperatives well integrated in the market and others dependent on the program; (xi) the program Ater Mais Gestão (support-program of PAA and PNAE (Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar) [National School Food Program]) is not efficient and effective, once the investments are significant and the results are specific. Thus, it is possible to conclude that the social-developmental policy for social family farming through the PAA seems to be (from a Brechtian perspective) the “new meat eaten with old cutlery”, or, in other words, a new policy operated by old practices. / Esta pesquisa tem no materialismo dialético sua base teórico-metodológica e se utiliza da Avaliação por Triangulação de Método (ATM) como estratégia de investigação. O objetivo geral é compreender a dinâmica na relação do projeto da Economia Solidária com o Estado brasileiro durante os governos neodesenvolvimentistas, neste caso empírico, realizando uma avaliação de impacto do Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA) em territórios de agricultura familiar associativa, considerando a instrumentalização de seu ambiente e seus empreendimentos pelo meio técnico-científico-informacional. Para tanto, adentra-se o cenário político e socioeconômico do Brasil neodesenvolvimentista de 2003 a 2016. Inicialmente, tem-se os governos de Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (2003-2010), cujos propósitos foram, entre outros, manter a política econômica de estabilização e enfrentar as desigualdades sociais, sendo a ocupação não-assalariada na economia solidária uma das estratégias. Depois, tem-se os governos de Dilma Vana Rousseff (2011-2016), que dão continuidade a esta política, embora com ajustes significativos. Em que pesem os esforços neodesenvolvimentistas em modelar uma política para a agricultura familiar via PAA, demonstra-se aqui, contudo, que, na execução, não se desvencilham das velhas práticas e instrumentos, corroborando a (re)produção das desigualdades regionais, sobretudo, em função da instrumentalização de seus empreendimentos pelo meio técnico-científico-informacional. Esta tese se sustenta nas seguintes manifestações e direções: (i) mesmo reconhecendo o altruísmo nos princípios e práticas das organizações solidárias, a Economia solidária tem servido ao capitalismo como espaço de absorção do exército de reserva e, portanto, como forma de controle social, e, como uma de suas manifestações, a agricultura familiar associativa revela suas contradições; (ii) a performance desta política social-desenvolvimentista possui “autonomia de voo de galinha”, isto é, com significativas oscilações e insustentabilidade, finda-se rapidamente, pois, na agricultura familiar, e, sobretudo no PAA, embora os recursos sejam significativos no início, estes declinam ao fim; (iii) os modelos intersetorial e incremental não são eficientes no funcionamento do PAA; (iv) nas parcerias estaduais e municipais, o Governo Federal recebe quase sempre baixa adesão dos gestores; (v) os recursos financeiros tendem a ser melhor aplicados nos espaços nos quais há conhecimento técnico-científico-informacional desenvolvido; (vi) os recursos do PAA se concentram nos estados mais ricos e articulados; (vii) os membros dos agrupamentos de regiões economicamente deprimidas auferem renda menor e têm condições inferiores de qualidade de vida; (viii) na hora de implementar e de operacionalizar o PAA, há dificuldades dos empreendedores em atender as exigências burocráticas e ter produção contínua e suficiente; (ix) a melhora na qualidade de vida dos agricultores é resultado de um conjunto de políticas públicas e não do PAA isoladamente; (x) há cooperativas bem integradas ao mercado e outras dependentes do programa; (xi) o Programa “Ater Mais Gestão” (programa-suporte do PAA e do PNAE) não é eficiente e eficaz, pois são volumosos os investimentos e pontuais os resultados. Com isso, conclui-se que a política social-desenvolvimentista para a agricultura familiar solidária via PAA aparece (de uma perspectiva brechtiana) como a “nova carne que é comida com os velhos garfos”, ou, de outro modo, como uma nova política operada por meio de velhas práticas.

<p>The general aim of this dissertation is to describe and analyse how public old-age care in Sweden has developed and changed during the last century. The study applies a provider perspective on how care has been planned and professionally carried out. A broader social policy perspective, studying old-age care at central/national as well as local/municipal level, is also developed. A special focus is directed at the large local variation in care and services for the elderly. The empirical base is comprised of official documents and other public sources, survey data from interviews with elderly recipients of public old-age care, and official statistics on publicly financed and controlled old-age care and services.</p><p>Study I addresses the development of old-age care in Sweden during the twentieth century by studying an important occupation in this field – the supervisors and their professional roles, tasks and working conditions. Throughout, the roles of supervisors have followed the prevailing official policy on the proper way to provide care for elderly people in Sweden; from poor relief at the beginning of the 1900s, via a generous level of services in the 1960s and 1970s, to today’s restricted and economy-controlled mode of operation.</p><p>Study II describes and compares two main forms of public old-age care in Sweden today, home help services and institutional care. The care-load found in home-based care was comparable to and sometimes even larger than in service-homes and other institutions, indicating that large care needs among elderly people in Sweden today can be met in their homes as well as in institutional settings.</p><p>Studies III and IV analyse the local variation in public old-age care in Sweden. During the last decades there has been an overall decline in home help services. The coverage of home help for elderly people shows large differences between municipalities throughout this period, and the relative variation has increased. The local disparity seems to depend more on historical factors, e.g., previous coverage rates, than on the present municipal situation in levels of need or local economy and politics.</p><p>In an introductory part the four papers are linked together by an outline of the demographic situation and the social policy model for old-age care in Sweden. Trends that have been apparent over time, e.g. professionalisation and market orientation, are traced and discussed. Conflicts between prevailing ideologies are analysed, in regards to for instance home-based and institution-based care, social and medical culture, and local and central levels of decision-making. ’Welfare municipality’, ‘path dependency’, and ‘decentralisation’ are suggested as a conceptual framework for describing the large and increasing local variations in old-age care. Finally, implications of the four studies with regard to old-age care policy and further research are discussed.</p>

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:34:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gabriela Fonseca Prada Cassiolato.pdf: 1337668 bytes, checksum: c2cadc3574b2ab1fa37da3bdc52be96c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-08 / This Master s thesis has the scope to deepen the knowledge on state tax incentives regarding ICMS and its misuse as an instrument to accomplish the constitutional objectives considering the Brazilian federalism characteristics. It aims to identify the peculiarities that forged a distorted model in the federative balance that allowed (and even reinforced) the birth and encouragement of what is known as tax harmful competition ; pointing out the various critiques that refute the theoretical notion that ICMS tax incentives represent unquestionably useful instruments in order to foster economic / social development and reduce the regional inequality that subsists in Brazil. / A presente dissertação tem por objetivo aprofundar o entendimento sobre os incentivos fiscais estaduais e a inadequação de seu manejo como instrumento de concretização dos objetivos constitucionais tendo em vista as características do federalismo brasileiro. Busca-se identificar as particularidades que forjaram um modelo com distorções no equilíbrio federativo que permitiram (e mesmo motivaram) a instalação e fortalecimento da guerra fiscal, com apontamento das críticas - sob diversas vertentes que refutam a concepção teórica de que os incentivos fiscais de ICMS consistem em mecanismos inegavelmente úteis para a promoção do desenvolvimento nacional e diminuição das desigualdades regionais.

The general aim of this dissertation is to describe and analyse how public old-age care in Sweden has developed and changed during the last century. The study applies a provider perspective on how care has been planned and professionally carried out. A broader social policy perspective, studying old-age care at central/national as well as local/municipal level, is also developed. A special focus is directed at the large local variation in care and services for the elderly. The empirical base is comprised of official documents and other public sources, survey data from interviews with elderly recipients of public old-age care, and official statistics on publicly financed and controlled old-age care and services. Study I addresses the development of old-age care in Sweden during the twentieth century by studying an important occupation in this field – the supervisors and their professional roles, tasks and working conditions. Throughout, the roles of supervisors have followed the prevailing official policy on the proper way to provide care for elderly people in Sweden; from poor relief at the beginning of the 1900s, via a generous level of services in the 1960s and 1970s, to today’s restricted and economy-controlled mode of operation. Study II describes and compares two main forms of public old-age care in Sweden today, home help services and institutional care. The care-load found in home-based care was comparable to and sometimes even larger than in service-homes and other institutions, indicating that large care needs among elderly people in Sweden today can be met in their homes as well as in institutional settings. Studies III and IV analyse the local variation in public old-age care in Sweden. During the last decades there has been an overall decline in home help services. The coverage of home help for elderly people shows large differences between municipalities throughout this period, and the relative variation has increased. The local disparity seems to depend more on historical factors, e.g., previous coverage rates, than on the present municipal situation in levels of need or local economy and politics. In an introductory part the four papers are linked together by an outline of the demographic situation and the social policy model for old-age care in Sweden. Trends that have been apparent over time, e.g. professionalisation and market orientation, are traced and discussed. Conflicts between prevailing ideologies are analysed, in regards to for instance home-based and institution-based care, social and medical culture, and local and central levels of decision-making. ’Welfare municipality’, ‘path dependency’, and ‘decentralisation’ are suggested as a conceptual framework for describing the large and increasing local variations in old-age care. Finally, implications of the four studies with regard to old-age care policy and further research are discussed. / <p>Härtill 4 uppsatser</p>

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe psychiatric diagnosis that is difficult to identify. Diagnostic delays are 5-10 years and cause irreversible harm for the patient and burden health care systems. Health deterioration and societal costs may be avoided if BD were diagnosed and treated at an early stage in the disease progression. BD is supposed to be treated by specialised psychiatric health care, yet primary health care (PHC) is an important part of the process as it is often the first contact of care for patients. It would therefore be of interest to investigate the preconditions of PHC in relation to the process of early detection of BD. PHC is organised by regional administration and due to regional inequality in health care it would also be of interest to apply a geographic perspective, investigating potential geographic variation in preconditions. In this study, PHC professionals from two regions were interviewed using semi-structured interviews and data was thematically analysed. Results present mostly similarities but also some differing preconditions in the regional analysis. The study concludes that PHC has an important in the role of early detection of BD, but also for patients who already received a diagnosed.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:34:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ANDRE_ELALI_DIR.pdf: 1400491 bytes, checksum: 39393dea298d7a99258aabc48b7f9480 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-08-15 / On this legal research the objective is to demonstrate as object of the study the taxation as an instrument of regulation in the search of the reduction of the regional inequalities. It recognizes as an objective of the Brazilian State the economical development. Through the hypothetical-deductive, bibliographical and argumentative methods the research bases on the relation between the economical law and the tax law. It considers important some techniques and information imported from economics and economical analysis of law - the Law and Economics. In the first chapter the study examines the State in face of the purposes of the Constitution and of the federalism. Analyses also the relation between legal system rules, market and competition. It establishes the power of economics as a structural base of the social system and emphasizes the socioeconomic function of the economical activities. After that, the research dedicates to taxation and it s regulatory function. It is demonstrated how may State regulate private activities in order to reach development and to reach the regional and social inequalities. It also studies the importance of tax expenditures. The last part is dedicated to the conclusive synthesis of the research. / A presente dissertação tem como objeto o estudo da tributação como instrumento de regulação econômica na busca da redução das desigualdades regionais. Ao reconhecer como objetivo constitucional do Estado brasileiro o desenvolvimento econômico, examina a função reguladora da tributação. Por meio dos métodos hipotético-dedutivo, bibliográfico e dissertativo-argumentativo, e baseando-se na relação entre o direito econômico e o direito tributário, ainda valendo-se de técnicas e dados da ciência econômica e da análise econômica do direito (Law and Economics), no primeiro capítulo o trabalho examina o papel do Estado no momento contemporâneo, em face dos propósitos da Constituição e do federalismo, analisando a relação entre os princípios da ordem econômica, o mercado e a concorrência. Posteriormente, tratando do poder econômico como um dado estrutural, enfatiza a função sócio-econômica das atividades econômicas. Na terceira parte, o trabalho cuida da tributação e dos seus aspectos fiscais e extrafiscais, demonstrando as formas de intervenção do Estado no processo econômico, com ênfase para o regime jurídico das normas tributárias indutoras, especialmente aquelas que concedem incentivos fiscais. Analisa, também, os princípios da tributação vinculados ao tema do desenvolvimento econômico regional. Demonstra, em seguida, a realidade dos incentivos fiscais na busca da redução das desigualdades na região nordeste do país. A última parte é dedicada à síntese conclusiva do trabalho de pesquisa.