Thesis (M.A.)--University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2008. / Description based on contents viewed Oct. 8, 2008; title from PDF t.p. Includes bibliographical references (p. 75-78).

Thesis (doctoral)--Faculté de droit et de science politique d'Aix-Marseille, 1997. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [489]-531) and index.

Thesis (doctoral)--Freie Universität, Berlin, 1999/2000. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 361-384) and index.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, Santa Cruz, 1994. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves [379]-392).

[pt] O termo liberdade tem sido trabalhado na teoria política moderna em torno da dicotomia liberdade positiva - liberdade negativa. Nesta dissertação, a partir da obra de Pettit e Skinner, foi defendida a tese da existência de um ideal alternativo a esta dicotomia presente na tradição política republicana. Ideal esse que, nas palavras dos citados autores, descreve a liberdade como não-dominação. Num segundo momento, foi defendida a idéia de que os modelos de democracia e de direito presentes na obra de Jürgen Habermas permitem a realização do ideal republicano de liberdade tendo em conta a realidade e as necessidades das sociedades contemporâneas, marcadas pelo pluralismo. / [en] The term freedom has been treated in modern political theory around the dichotomy between positive and negative. In this work, based on Pettit and Skinner´s thesis, it is proposed the existence of an alternative ideal, which can be found in the republican tradition and, according to the mentioned authors, defines freedom as non-domination. After that, it is argued that the models of democracy and law developed by Jürgen Habermas allow the achievement of the republican freedom considering the reality and the needs of the contemporary societies, characterized by pluralism.

Ce travail restitue la trajectoire de circulation et de traduction du postcolonial en France. En proposant une analyse à la fois sémasiologique et onomasiologique du terme postcolonial, cette thèse cherche à montrer comment émerge et se diffuse une nouvelle grille de lecture du monde social. Celle-ci permet de faire émerger une imbrication conceptuelle complexe mettant en relation les concepts d’idéal républicain, d’universalisme, de multiculturalisme, d’identité nationale et de discriminations. Ce travail retrace les conditions de possibilités de ce nouveau vocable à travers l’analyse de trois espaces : politique, savant et intellectuel. Il montre comment des thématiques, d’abord confinées dans les espaces sociaux, tendent progressivement à s’imbriquer au début des années 2000. L’analyse de l’année 2005, comme point de rupture dans la visibilité de cette thématique, permet de mettre en évidence la constitution d’espaces de traductions : de nouvelles revues et maisons d’éditions et d’insister sur les trajectoires multiples des traducteurs. Enfin, ce travail propose une cartographie de la controverse engendrée à la suite de la réception du terme postcolonial à travers une analyse de ses scènes, de sa spatialisation et de ses motifs argumentatifs. / This work articulates the circulation and translation of the trajectories of postcolonial studies in France. Proposing both semasiological and onomasiological analyses of the postcolonial term, this thesis intends to show how a new interpretation of the social world rise and spread. A complex and conceptual overlapping emerges where the notions of “idéal républicain”, universalism, multiculturalism, “identité nationale” and discrimination are related. This work outlines the conditions of possibility of this new semantic through the analysis of three areas: political, scientific and intellectual. It demonstrates how themes, prior confined in specific social areas, tends to gradually overlap at the beginning of 2000’s. The analysis of the year 2005, as a turning point in the exposure of this topic, highlights the creation of translation areas: new journals, publishing houses and outlines the various trajectories of translators. Finally, this work propose a cartography of the controversy generated following the reception of the term postcolonial in France through the analysis of its scenes, its spatialization and its argumentative patterns.

Uma vez considerada a política externa uma entre as muitas políticas públicas do Estado democrático, é relevante entender como se processa o seguinte paradoxo: não deveria ela submeter-se ao controle democrático da população? A prática social e a institucionalidade dos Estados contemporâneos apontam, em regra, para a direção oposta: o baixo grau de participação da população nas decisões referentes à política externa. Esta tese tem como objetivo investigar as relações entre a democracia e a política externa brasileira no período pós-redemocratização, de 1985 até os nossos dias. Atestada a insuficiência das versões tradicionais da história para explicar a baixa irrigação democrática dos procedimentos e práticas relativos à política externa brasileira, busca-se introduzir hipótese de que existe forte influência da tradição política republicana aristocrática sobre o modus operandi do sistema de política exterior do Brasil o que resulta, correntemente, em tensões entre o avanço do ideal democrático no mundo e a permanência dos referenciais republicanos nos assuntos de política externa brasileira / If foreign policy is considered one among the multitude of public policies a democratic state is expected to implement, it becomes relevant to understand how the following paradox is solved: should not foreign policy be under the democratic control of the population? Social practices and institutions of contemporary democratic states point to the opposite direction: as a rule, citizens hardly participate in foreign policy decision-making processes. This thesis intends to investigate the relationship between democracy and foreign policy in Brazils postdemocratization period, from 1985 to this day. Once all traditional hypotheses have failed to explain Brazils barely democratic foreign policy mechanisms, it is introduced to appraisal the hypothesis that Brazilian foreign policy might still be strongly influenced by aristocratic republican tenets, what happens to manifest in its own modus operandi. Put in a different way, one can note some tension nowadays between two concurrent trends: on the one hand, the advancement of democracy as a political value around the world; on the other, the permanence of republican ideals and its impact over Brazils foreign policy formulation

Karl Marx's relationship to republicanism proceeds in three stages: he began his political career as a republican, he subsequently transitioned to communism, and then he finally reconciled his republicanism and communism. Marx's early political writings reveal his commitment to central republican ideas, including popular sovereignty, widespread political participation and universal suffrage. These commitments led him to reject absolute and constitutional monarchy. But they also led to a critique of the modern republic, which Marx argued gave insufficient space for citizens to participate publicly for the common good. He thus gives a republican critique of the republic. Marx's disillusionment with the ability of a modern republic to deliver human emancipation eventually led him to transition to communism. He now argued that the republic would be a bourgeois republic, which would subject the proletariat to the capitalist. He attacked republicans for neglecting social depredation in favour of political reform. However, his transition to communism also carried with it several republican commitments. Unlike the many apolitical versions of communism at the time, Marx insisted that the workers had to establish the republic before communism could emerge. He also extended key republican political ideas, including the objection to arbitrary power, to the social sphere. But what was absent was an account of a more participatory and accountable political alternative to the modern republic. However, the experience of ordinary workers carrying out the legislative and public administration of Paris during the Commune, led Marx to return to many of those early republican themes. He celebrated ordinary citizens' capacity for self-government and advocated popular control over the state and transforming representative democracy into popular delegacy. He came to realise that these political structures were essential to achieving the social goals of communism. He thus came to a synthesis of his early republicanism and later communism.

Uma vez considerada a política externa uma entre as muitas políticas públicas do Estado democrático, é relevante entender como se processa o seguinte paradoxo: não deveria ela submeter-se ao controle democrático da população? A prática social e a institucionalidade dos Estados contemporâneos apontam, em regra, para a direção oposta: o baixo grau de participação da população nas decisões referentes à política externa. Esta tese tem como objetivo investigar as relações entre a democracia e a política externa brasileira no período pós-redemocratização, de 1985 até os nossos dias. Atestada a insuficiência das versões tradicionais da história para explicar a baixa irrigação democrática dos procedimentos e práticas relativos à política externa brasileira, busca-se introduzir hipótese de que existe forte influência da tradição política republicana aristocrática sobre o modus operandi do sistema de política exterior do Brasil o que resulta, correntemente, em tensões entre o avanço do ideal democrático no mundo e a permanência dos referenciais republicanos nos assuntos de política externa brasileira / If foreign policy is considered one among the multitude of public policies a democratic state is expected to implement, it becomes relevant to understand how the following paradox is solved: should not foreign policy be under the democratic control of the population? Social practices and institutions of contemporary democratic states point to the opposite direction: as a rule, citizens hardly participate in foreign policy decision-making processes. This thesis intends to investigate the relationship between democracy and foreign policy in Brazils postdemocratization period, from 1985 to this day. Once all traditional hypotheses have failed to explain Brazils barely democratic foreign policy mechanisms, it is introduced to appraisal the hypothesis that Brazilian foreign policy might still be strongly influenced by aristocratic republican tenets, what happens to manifest in its own modus operandi. Put in a different way, one can note some tension nowadays between two concurrent trends: on the one hand, the advancement of democracy as a political value around the world; on the other, the permanence of republican ideals and its impact over Brazils foreign policy formulation

In this article, readers are going to see how foreigners’ children have been treated in the Japanese educational system. Until now, Japan does not have a specific principle idea in their policies; therefore, those are not stable and concrete. In order to investigate how national policies and its doctrine are important in the educational system, this article has examined Australia as a nation introducing the principles of multiculturalism and France as a nation introducing the republicanism in their integrated politics by doing a literature research. The literature that was used in this paper include the policies and critical papers written by experts that has allow us to analyze the pros and cons of their policies. As a result, the Japanese government is urged to create a concrete policy that would support foreign students to better adapt to the society and become a productive human resource to improve the country’s wellbeing. / Este artículo examinó la situación actual y pasada de los hijos de extranjeros insertos en el sistema educativo japonés. Hasta ahora, Japón no tiene una idea concreta en sus políticas y es por eso que se puede afirmar que este sistema presenta algunas deficiencias/problemas que pueden ser mejorados. Con el objetivo de ver cómo los principios de las políticas nacionales afectan a la educación, en este artículo se han presentado los ejemplos de Australia, como una nación llevando los principios del multiculturalismo y a Francia, como ejemplo de una nación llevando los principios del republicanismo y sus políticas para la integración de sus ciudadanos. La literatura utilizada en este trabajo incluye las políticas y documentos críticos escritos por expertos, los cuales fueron de gran ayuda para poder analizar los pros y contras de las políticas de los distintos países estudiados.Como resultado, el gobierno japonés va a necesitar una política concreta para apoyar a los estudiantes extranjeros a adaptarse a la sociedad y convertirse en un recurso humano productivo para mejorar el país. / Neste artigo, pode-se verificar como os filhos de estrangeiros têm sido tratados dentro do sistema educacional japonês. Até o momento, o Japão não tem uma política de inclusão bem definida e, consequentemente, seu sistema não está bem estabelecido. Como medida para avaliar a influência dos princípios das políticas nacionais na educação, neste trabalho, foram apresentados exemplos de outros países. Através de uma investigação da literatura, foram estudados os seguintes países, a Austrália, uma nação que cultiva os princípios do multiculturalismo, e a França, levando os princípios do republicanismo e suas políticas de integração dos cidadãos. Esta revisão foi baseada nos princípios e nos respectivos documentos analíticos escritos por especialistas com o objetivo de avaliar as vantagens e desvantagens da política de integração desenvolvida nos países anteriormente mencionados. Em vista disso, sugere-se ao governo japonês a adoção de uma política concreta de apoio aos estudantes estrangeiros a fim de facilitar sua adaptação a sociedade, resultando na formação de recurso humano qualificado e produtivo, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento do país.