Dissertation--Universitat St. Gallen, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 192-208). Also available in print.

Samples of stores were drawn from two chains, Pizza Hut and Zale Corporation. Two different samples were taken from Pizza Hut. Site specific material and sales data were furnished by the companies and demographic material relative to each site was gathered. Analysis of variance tests for linearity were run on the three regression equations developed from the data and each of the three regressions equations were found to have a statistically significant linear relationship. Statistically significant differences were found among similar variables used in the prediction of sales by using Fisher's Z' Transformations on the correlation coefficients. Eight of the eighteen variables used in the Pizza Hut study were found to be statistically different between the two regions used in the study. Additionally, analysis of variance tests were used to show that traffic pattern variables were not better predictors than demographic variables.

Orientador: Paulo Sergio Scarazzato / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-13T03:58:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Martau_BetinaTschiedel_D.pdf: 55725573 bytes, checksum: 7dff9393612962ee9f33a68ebefa45e9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: Este trabalho aborda os impactos nao visuais da exposicao humana a luz tentando relacionar a qualidade da iluminacao a saude e bem-estar das funcionarias de lojas. A amostra do estudo transversal foi definida aleatoriamente, com a participacao de mulheres voluntarias. Foram selecionados tres grupos com dez participantes em cada: lojas de rua com contato com exterior e turno de trabalho diurno (9h as18h), lojas de shopping centers sem janelas para o exterior com turno de trabalho diurno (10h as 18h) e lojas de shopping centers sem janelas para o exterior com turno de trabalho tarde e noite (14h as 22h). A avaliacao da iluminacao considerou as dimensoes das lojas e caracteristicas dos sistemas, incluindo ofuscamento, aparencia de cor da luz, flexibilidade e possibilidade de controles da iluminacao pelas funcionarias. A avaliacao de aspectos relativos a saude e ao bem-estar utilizou como instrumentos as escalas psicometricas validadas pela area da Psicologia para afericao de sintomas depressivos, de ansiedade e estresse. A avaliacao das condicoes de sono e analise do ritmo atividade/repouso foi feita com um actimetro com luximetro acoplado (Actiwatch), e a analise do ritmo de temperatura corporal, com um sensor de temperatura (Ibutton). Foi estabelecido o padrao de luz 24h a que esteve sujeita cada participante durante cinco dias consecutivos e verificada a influencia deste padrao no sistema circadiano, atraves da medicao dos niveis de melatonina e cortisol salivar. O grau de satisfacao das funcionarias e suas preferencias relativas a iluminacao do ambiente de trabalho foram levantados atraves da aplicacao de questionarios. Os dados foram analisados utilizando-se correlacoes de Pearson, ANOVA e regressoes tipo stepwise, tendo como ferramenta o SPSS for Windows 13.0. No grupo das lojas de rua, os resultados indicam que, apesar de o nivel de satisfacao das funcionarias com os sistemas de iluminacao nao ser elevado, a presenca de luz natural contribui para sua saude e bem-estar. O cruzamento de aspectos de satisfacao e emocionais com os aspectos biologicos indicou que quanto maior a satisfacao geral com a iluminacao pela funcionaria da loja de rua, maior o nivel de melatonina as 24h e menores o escores de depressao. A possibilidade de contato com o exterior neste grupo leva a melhores condicoes fisiologicas, principalmente nas condicoes de sono, que os demais grupos. Nos grupos de shopping centers, a correlacao inversa encontrada entre a iluminancia geral media da loja e a satisfacao geral com as condicoes da iluminacao no ambiente de trabalho merece destaque, porque e nesta categoria que os escores foram mais altos em todas as escalas aplicadas, indicando piores condicoes emocionais, e onde ha alteracoes nos aspectos biologicos avaliados. A pesquisa conclui ser necessaria a revisao das estrategias para a iluminacao de lojas, sejam elas de rua ou de shopping centers, buscando-se resolver os possiveis conflitos entre uma iluminacao para vender produtos e a que considere a loja como um ambiente de trabalho. / Abstract: This work addresses the issue of non-visual impacts of human exposure to light, in an attempt to relate the quality of lighting to health, comfort, and well-being of female retail store employees. The sample for the cross-sectional study was randomly established with female volunteers. Three groups were selected: street retail stores with outside contact and daily working hours (9 a.m. to 6 p.m.), shopping mall retail stores with no window facing outside, with daily working hours (10 a.m. to 6 p.m.), and shopping mall retail stores with no window facing outside, with afternoon and evening working hours (2 p.m. to 10 p.m.). Each group included ten employees. Assessment of lighting considered the dimensions of the stores and characteristics of systems, including the occurrence of glare, color appearance of light, flexibility, and possibility of lighting control by employees. The tools to assess well-being and health were psychometric scales internationally validated by the psychiatric field to measure depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms. Assessment of sleep conditions and analysis of the activity/rest rhythm was carried by a wrist monitor with attached luximeter (Actiwatch) and the analysis of the body temperature rhythm was made by a temperature sensor (Ibutton), to which each participant was submitted for five consecutive days. The lighting pattern's influence on the circadian system was verified by measuring saliva melatonin and cortisol levels. The degree of satisfaction of employees and their preferences regarding work environment lighting were surveyed by applying questionnaires. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlations, ANOVA, and stepwise regression, with the tool SPSS for Windows 13.0. In street retail store group, results indicate that even though employees' satisfaction with lighting systems is not high, the presence of natural light contributes for their health and well-being. Crossing the assessment of satisfaction and emotional aspects with biological ones indicated that the higher the street retail store employees' general satisfaction with lighting, the higher their melatonin level at 12 p.m. and the lower their depression scores. Possibility of outside visual contact in that group leads to better physiological conditions, especially sleep conditions, than the other groups. In shopping mall groups, the reverse correlation found between the store's average general illuminance and general satisfaction with lighting conditions in the work environment is worth pointing out, since scores were highest in that category (worse emotional conditions) in all scales applied and there are changes both in cortisol rhythm (tendency to lower rhythm in the morning and afternoon mall group) and in melatonin (tendency to phase delay in the afternoon and evening mall group) as well as differentiation in activity rhythm and temperature in the afternoon and evening mall group. Shopping mall employees' miss visual contact with the outside, being able to vary lighting during the workday, and consider lighting as excessive. Most of them reported that they would like to reduce the amount of light in their workplace during the day. The study concludes that it is necessary to review the stores' lighting strategies, whether they are street retail stores or shopping mall retail stores, to seek new guidelines able to solve the possible conflicts between light oriented to sell products and that which considers the store as a workplace. / Doutorado / Arquitetura e Construção / Doutor em Engenharia Civil

It is the purpose of this study to analyze certain basic problems of office operations and personnel administration in the Goodyear Retail Stores, and to make recommendations as to improvements most needed. Specifically, this study is undertaken with the intention of determining to what extent proper planning, more efficient operating procedures, and improved personnel relationships can aid in the success of office management in the Goodyear stores.

Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la relación entre los factores del In Store Marketing y la intención de compra en las tiendas minoristas ubicadas en Gamarra en jóvenes de 22 a 30 años del nivel socioeconómico B. El presente estudio aborda un análisis de los dos principales factores que se encuentran dentro del In Store Marketing. El factor del entorno y el factor de promoción como influyentes en la tienda minorista, ya que actualmente en Gamarra se están desarrollando diferentes esfuerzos para generar más venta y es para ellos importante hacer más atractiva la visita para los consumidores que ahora son más exigentes y sofisticados en sus hábitos de compra. Esta investigación de tipo correlacional con enfoque mixto, es decir herramientas cualitativas y cuantitativas, donde en esta se realizó encuestas a 333 mujeres del target en investigación, encontró, en primer lugar, que el consumidor si cree que influye en la compra los factores de entorno como de promoción. La hipótesis mostró ser correcta, siendo los factores herramientas efectivas para el desarrollo de las tiendas minoristas en Gamarra. / The objective of this research was to determine the relatinonship between the factors, The In Store Marketing and purchase intention in retail stores located in Gamarra in womens from 22 to 30 years, of socioeconomic level B. This study addresses the analysis of two main factors. The factor of the ambient and the factor of the promotion as influential in the retail store, and that currently in Gamarra are demanding in your shopping habits. Through the correlations, it was shown that there is a positive relationship between the variables. The In Store Marketing can help brands to obtain an added value that allows them to differentiate them from their competitors. And generate high sales. / Trabajo de investigación

No description available.

No description available.

Background: The concept of value perception is widely discussed in scientific literature and it is well-known, that channels deliver value to the customer. However, so far there has been no research about the efficiency of channels, especially the consumer´s perception of channel efficiency. Therefore, this study contributes to the current literature in channel management and it fills an existing research gap. The authors establish a definition of the term 'channel efficiency' and they develop a measuring instrument. For this thesis, the three criteria (1) shopping enjoyment, (2) interpersonal service quality and (3) price level are taken into consideration for the efficiency calculation. The two channels of interest are physical retail stores and the Internet. The target group is university students. Purpose: To measure and compare the efficiency of the channels 'physical retail store' and 'Internet' from the consumer´s view and thus, to find general patterns of rated channel efficiency. This will be achieved by investigating the individual channel value perception of certain channel specific criteria and by exploring the respective relevance of these criteria.   Research Questions: 1. What is the general channel efficiency of the channel physical retail store? 2. What is the general channel efficiency of the channel Internet? Method: A quantitative study in form of an online questionnaire has been conducted with German and Swedish students. 1 995 persons participated in the survey. The analysis has been carried out by using the computer software SPSS. Thus, the collected data could be edited with respect to the verification of the proposed hypotheses, the calculation and comparison of the respective channel efficiencies and additionally, the identification of patterns for gender and age groups. Research findings: The analysis of the collected data has shown that the three regarded criteria are of diverse importance and they are perceived differently for the channels physical retail stores and the Internet. Hence, the efficiency of those two channels is also unequal; physical retail stores reach a mean value of 46.8% and the Internet in turn achieves an average of 43.1%. This shows that both channels hold potential for improvement. When looking at patterns between gender and age groups, the authors could also identify interesting differentiations.

One of the latest trends in the market for food products is the desire amongst consumers to know the origin of the products they purchase and to feel physically or emotionally connected to the farm and the producer. However, given the many efforts by producers and retailers to mislead consumers about the origin of products, for consumers to have faith in the origin of food products, they need to have some guarantee about the true origin of products. Thus, to be able to successfully guarantee the origin of food products, traceability systems need to be in place and they need to comply with the necessary legislation. This consumer need for origin-based food is now playing out in a variety of ways as food processors and retailers are labelling their products according to the origin of the product. Quite often, regional names are used for that identification. One iconic South African example of a product with regional identity is Karoo Lamb. In July this year producers from the Karoo region launched Karoo Lamb, a certification scheme, with a chain-wide traceability system in place to guarantee the Karoo origin of sheep meat in South African retail stores. The question, though, is whether all abattoirs and meat processors in South Africa are able to deliver origin-guaranteed products. The key factor here is the traceability system they have in place. The general objective of this study is therefore to assess current traceability systems in the sheep meat industry and to establish their ability to guarantee the origin of a carcass. This traceability system should be able to protect, manage and govern the food of origin attributes of a product in the sheep meat industry. The specific objectives of the study are: i) to create a high level process map to indicate the flow of Karoo Lamb products; ii) to share information by developing a detailed description of current and potential traceability systems in the Karoo Lamb supply chain; iii) to identify critical control points for maintaining product information and to test if these systems are in line with best practices; iv) to investigate the decision-making factors impacting on the implementation of a traceability system; and v) to develop recommendations for effectively implementing a traceability system that protects, manages and governs food of origin attributes. In response to these objectives, five hypotheses were developed and tested. The five hypotheses basically aimed to identify the tipping factor in the traceability implementation decision-making process. The population of South African sheep slaughtering abattoirs was used to draw a random sample of 55 abattoirs selected to participate in the research survey by means of interview administrated, structured questionnaires. The data was then processed and analysed to include a combination of quantitative and qualitative analysis. The results obtained by the research indicate that 92 % of the abattoirs in South Africa have proper traceability systems in place that enable them to market and deliver origin-guaranteed products. The 3 (8 %) abattoirs that do not have traceability systems are in the Northern Cape and Eastern Cape. This might become problematic, since sheep from these regions are often marketed as Karoo lamb. Without proper traceability systems, this credence attribute cannot be guaranteed. According to the hypothesis test, the fact that an abattoir delivers to a retailer is the single most significant factor, compared to the other factors tested, for abattoirs to implement a traceability system. Research showed that 95 % of retail delivering abattoirs have traceability systems in place, and the other 5 % of abattoirs are those situated in remote rural areas and their retail customers have little other choice than to buy from these abattoirs. However, the study identified poor knowledge on the costs and benefits of a traceability system as a potential drawback in doing a proper cost benefit analysis and therefore proper research on the economics of traceability systems was almost impossible. At the abattoir level, traceability systems are quite easily implemented because it is much easier to trace a single carcass in an abattoir than to trace different pieces of one carcass in the processing plant. Since this study did not include detail pertaining to the downstream tiers; meat processors, packers, wholesalers and retailers, it is not possible to conclude that the entire sheep supply chain can guarantee a product’s origin in the case of Karoo Lamb. The integrity of these role players will play a vital role in their ability to guarantee the origin of a sheep meat product especially when sheep carcasses are moved outside the Karoo boundaries for processing and packaging. It is therefore clear that the downstream tiers play a vital part in the South African sheep meat industry in terms of chain-wide traceability and transparency in order to guarantee the origin of a sheep meat product such as Karoo Lamb. Further research is therefore required to evaluate the other role players in the sheep meat industry for chain-wide traceabiltiy systems, in order to test the readiness of this chain and industry to guarantee the origin of a product like Karoo Lamb. / Dissertation (MSc(Agric))--University of Pretoria, 2013. / Agricultural Economics, Extension and Rural Development / unrestricted

La percée des applications mobiles d’aide à l’achat est un phénomène récent. L’usage croissant du smartphone au sein du point de vente (i.e. plus de 70% des consommateurs) a conduit les distributeurs à développer ces outils pour aider les consommateurs à faire des achats plus éclairés. Cependant, à l’image des Self-services technologies (e.g. caisses automatiques), les applications d’aide à l’achat soulèvent de nombreuses questions, notamment concernant les facteurs de création de valeur pour le client. L’objectif de notre recherche consiste dès lors à mesurer la valeur d’une application mobile d’aide à l’achat, par le client, dans le contexte d’un point de vente physique. Il s’agit aussi d’en déterminer les conséquences sur la relation au point de vente. Ce travail s’appuie sur la littérature portant sur le concept de la valeur et sur les applications mobiles d’aide à l’achat. Une recherche qualitative exploratoire sous forme de focus groups permet de mettre en exergue les bénéfices et les coûts liés à l’usage des applications mobiles au sein du point de vente. Divers éléments conditionnels pouvant modérer les effets de liens de ces applications sont également identifiés : type de point de vente (alimentaire versus multimédia), type d’application (« Pull » versus « Push ») et degré de personnalisation (personnalisé versus non personnalisé). Cela nous conduit à la construction d’une échelle de mesure de la valeur d’usage d’une application et à l’élaboration d’un modèle conceptuel qui reprend l’approche hybride de la valeur. Ce modèle vise à décrire la création d’une valeur globale résultant de l’usage d’une application mobile d’aide à l’achat et à identifier l’impact de cette valeur globale sur la fidélité. Ce modèle est testé par le biais d’une méthodologie expérimentale pour laquelle des applications fictives ont été spécialement conçues. Cinq études quantitatives successives sont menées sur un échantillon global de plus 1000 étudiants. Des analyses multi-groupes permettent de mesurer les effets modérateurs des éléments conditionnels : Les résultats montrent que la valeur globale induite par l’usage de ces applications mobiles influence la fidélité envers le point de vente. Chacun des éléments conditionnels présente des effets modérateurs sur les liens du modèle. Les effets modérateurs du type d’application « Push » combinés au fort degré de personnalisation obtiennent les meilleurs résultats avec la création d’une valeur globale conséquente impactant la fidélité envers le point de vente. / The breakthrough of mobile shopping applications is a recent phenomenon. The increasing use of smartphones in retail stores (i.e. more than 70% of consumers) has led retailers to develop these tools to help consumers make smarter purchases. However, similar to Self-service technologies (e.g. automatic cash registers), mobile applications raise many issues, particularly regarding the factors that create customer value. The objective of our research is therefore to measure the value of a mobile purchasing support application for the customer in the context of a retail store. It also involves determining the consequences on the relationship with the retail store. This work is based on the literature on the concept of value and on mobile purchasing assistance applications. Qualitative exploratory research in the form of focus groups highlights the benefits and costs associated with the use of mobile applications in the retail store. Various conditional elements that can moderate the link effects of these applications are also identified: type of retail store (food versus multimedia), type of application ("Pull" versus "Push") and level of personalization (personalized versus non-personalized). This leads us to the construction of a scale for measuring the value in use of an application and to the development of a conceptual model that incorporates the hybrid approach of value. This model aims to describe the creation of global value resulting from the use of a mobile purchasing assistance application and to identify the impact of this global value on loyalty. This model is tested using an experimental methodology for which fictive applications have been specially designed. Five successive quantitative studies are conducted on a total sample of more than 1000 students. Multigroup analysis are used to measure the moderating effects of conditional elements: The results show that the global value induced by the use of these mobile applications influences loyalty to the point of sale. Each of the conditional elements has moderating effects on the model links. The moderating effects of the "Push" application type combined with the high level of personalization achieve the best results with the creation of a significant global value impacting loyalty to the point of sale.