The diploma thesis "Innovation in Commerce" provides an analysis of the development and usage of up-to-day innovative technologies in trade sphere both in our country and abroad. It maps their forms and scope of usage in selected trade units, primarily focusing on modern payment instruments and self-service cash desks and, further on, also from the point of view of their development and usage in the nearest future. The thesis gives an independent solution of using up-to-date payment instruments and self-service cash desks depending on the customer´s age as well as payment forms (cash, non-cash) from z point of view of differences between "rural" and urban population. The thesis includes a proposal for the implementation of two arising up-to-date technologies - self-scanning and iBeacon technology in the Terno Supermarket in České Budějovce.

Submitted by Rui Valdemar Silva Santos (rvaldemar93@gmail.com) on 2017-08-24T16:42:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 The Lisbon Town Center Retailing - A Study of Consumers Drivers.pdf: 2692825 bytes, checksum: ab5dac6628ba5dd37c0a54eb32317869 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Janete de Oliveira Feitosa (janete.feitosa@fgv.br) on 2017-08-28T18:38:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 The Lisbon Town Center Retailing - A Study of Consumers Drivers.pdf: 2692825 bytes, checksum: ab5dac6628ba5dd37c0a54eb32317869 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-31T13:01:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 The Lisbon Town Center Retailing - A Study of Consumers Drivers.pdf: 2692825 bytes, checksum: ab5dac6628ba5dd37c0a54eb32317869 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-14 / Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo a procura e descoberta dos drivers que levam os consumidores a optar pelo CBD como o formato de retalho em que fazem as suas compras. Em particular, o estudo foi conduzido no centro da cidade de Lisboa. Este foi direcionado para uma perspetiva de reflexão no âmbito de centros comercias e o centro histórico. A presença dos drivers (accessibility, parking conditions, tenant mix, product range, merchandise value and sales personnel, atmosphere and orientation and infrastructural facilities) apresentados por Teller & Elms (2010) foi estudada. Foi tido em atenção o facto de que diferentes circunstâncias culturais poderem alterar o peso de cada driver. Adicionalmente, com a pesquisa realizada foi possível aceder a outros drivers. Finalmente, foram realizadas uma análise descritiva, uma análise de conteúdo e uma clusterização desses drivers. / The aim of this paper is to find the drivers that lead consumer to choose CBD as the retail format to make a purchase. In particularly, the study was performed in Lisbon Town Center, and with comparison to opting for Lisbon Shopping Centers. The presence of the drivers accessibility, parking conditions, tenant mix, product range, merchandise value and sales personnel, atmosphere and orientation and infrastructural facilities drivers, which were summarized by Teller & Elms (2010), was tested. The fact that different cultural arrangements can impact the weight of each driver was present in the researcher work. With this research, other drivers emerged and were studied. Finally, a content analysis, a descriptive analysis and the clusterization of these drivers were performed.

Made available in DSpace on 2010-04-20T20:48:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3 71436.PDF.jpg: 14500 bytes, checksum: 79ce258895217ba70ac7208a22945e69 (MD5) 71436.PDF: 5130866 bytes, checksum: 504142b1057fd14780c3f69737baf66a (MD5) 71436.PDF.txt: 510782 bytes, checksum: 46486f756cfb2f3502558e1362f8f71b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-01-31T00:00:00Z / This present piece aims to shed light on the various factors that influence relationship closeness. The literature review encompasses marketing channels, TCE, relationship marketing and industrial marketing literature. This review has identified that trust performs a key-role and, therefore, any research should explore the trust concept, its underlying factors and the consequences of trust to relationship continuity. The methodology applied to run the research was built in two steps: the first one (qualitative) included indeep interviews with 12 apparel retail product managers. The second step (quantitative) included structural equation modeling and multiple regression techniques applied on survey data collected from 154 product managers. The qualitative research and the theory analysis supported the proposition of the constructs of trust, commitment, intention to stay and trust antecedents, all of them included during the model building process. The model was tested and not only results for the entire sample were analysed, but for the various retail formats represented in this research. Based on results, a set of suggestions to suppliers is recommended in order to improve relationships, specifying aspects that must be managed to develop and maintain trust for each retail format. / Este trabalho procura contribuir para o esclarecimento dos diversos fatores que influenciam a proximidade de um relacionamento. A sistematização do conhecimento foi realizada através do exame da literatura de canais de marketing, economia dos custos de transação, marketing de relacionamento e marketing industrial. Esta revisão possibilitou identificar que a confiança ocupa um papel central no relacionamento, sendo fundamental investigar em profundidade os seus fatores antecedentes, bem como seus impactos sobre a intenção à continuidade do relacionamento. A metodologia empregada na operacionalização da pesquisa foi realizada em duas fases: a primeira fase (qualitativa) incluiu a realização e análise de entrevistas em profundidade junto a uma amostra de 12 gerentes de produto de organizações do varejo de vestuário. A segunda fase (quantitativa) utilizou técnicas de modelagem de equações estruturais e de regressões múltiplas a partir de dados coletados através de questionários respondidos por 154 gerentes de compras. O exame da literatura e da pesquisa qualitativa possibilitou a delineação dos construtos confiança, compromisso e intenção à continuidade, e o levantamento dos aspectos determinantes da confiança. Esses conceitos foram utilizados na construção de um modelo teórico, testável empiricamente. A modelagem quantitativa não contemplou apenas os resultados da amostra como um todo, mas também detalhou os resultados para os diferentes formatos varejistas que estão representados na pesquisa. Os resultados foram confrontados com a teoria analisada, e, a partir das conclusões, são sugeridas diversas recomendações aos fornecedores para refinar o atendimento de cada formato varejista.

Social media is getting more and more important for both customers and companies as the use of social media increases each year. Previous research shows that there is a positive link between the use of social media and online shopping. The purpose of this study is to explore which factors that drives the purchases of clothes online. The factors studied are the traditional factors price, quality and word-of-mouth and the digital factors electronic word-of-mouth, influencers and ads on social media. The study has been limited to the social platforms Instagram, YouTube and Snapchat. In the study a quantitative method has been used and data was collected through a survey. The data material consists of responses from 145 respondents and have been statistically analysed through a bivariate and multivariate analysis in SPSS. The result shows that the factors that have an impact on the customer's online shopping behaviour are price, eWOM, influencers and ads, and that Instagram is the platform where customers are most affected. The study has contributed with an increased understanding of the factors that influence the customer's online clothing purchases, and what social media platform companies should focus their marketing to. The study has also shown that eWOM is becoming more important for customers compared to WOM, which has decreased in relevance for the customers in this context.

nÃo hà / O objetivo desta pesquisa à analisar o comportamento Boca a Boca (BAB) manifestado por consumidores no Brasil acerca dos melhores e piores sites de varejo eletrÃnico, por meio de Modelagem de EquaÃÃes Estruturais. A pesquisa foi realizada com 247 usuÃrios na cidade de Fortaleza, Cearà e utiliza como referÃncia um modelo de mensuraÃÃo de Goyette et al. (2010), que mede BAB em quatro dimensÃes: Intensidade, ValÃncia Positiva, ValÃncia Negativa e ConteÃdo. Como achados desta pesquisa, sugere-se que no mercado brasileiro existe uma âqueda de braÃoâ entre o BAB negativo e positivo, que no caso dos lÃderes de mercado, o BAB negativo à vencido pelo positivo. Quando a experiÃncia do consumidor à positiva, o comportamento BAB tende a se focar em aspectos do produto, como qualidade, preÃo ou variedade. Jà quando a experiÃncia à negativa, o comportamento BAB foca-se em aspectos logÃsticos e de serviÃo, como atendimento pÃs-compra e entrega. Na pesquisa tambÃm foi identificado que frequÃncia de uso possibilita a ocorrÃncia de experiÃncias negativas e consequente detraÃÃo de sites, e que BAB negativo dos melhores sites pode estar relacionado a atendimento pÃs compra e BAB positivo dos piores sites pode estar relacionado a Facilidade de Uso. Este trabalho contribui com a formulaÃÃo de um modelo de mensuraÃÃo multidimensional do BAB, especÃfico para o varejo eletrÃnico brasileiro, capaz de captar aspectos relevantes do construto e aplicado a contextos diferentes (melhores e piores sites). / The objective of this research is to analyze the behavior of Word of Mouth (WOM) expressed by consumers in Brazil about the best and worst electronic retail sites, through structural equation modeling. The survey was conducted with 247 users in the city of Fortaleza, Cearà and uses as a reference a model of measurement Goyette et al. (2010), which measures BAB in four dimensions: intensity, positive Valencia, Valencia Negative and Content. As findings of this research, it is suggested that the Brazilian market there is an "arms race" between the negative and positive BAB, in which case the market leaders, the negative BAB is overcome by the positive. When the consumer experience is positive, the BAB behavior tends to focus on aspects of the product, such as quality, price and variety. But when the experience is negative, BAB behavior focuses on logistics and service aspects, such as post-purchase and delivery service. In the survey also identified that use of frequency enables the occurrence of negative experiences and consequent sites detraction, and that negative BAB of the best sites may be related to post purchase service and positive BAB of the worst sites may be related to ease of use. This work contributes to the formulation of a multidimensional measurement model of BAB, specific to the Brazilian retailing, able to capture relevant aspects of the construct and applied to different contexts (best and worst sites).

Syftet med vår uppsats är att undersöka några effekter på en definierad region kring Charlottenbergs Shoppingcenter som öppnade hösten 2006. De effekter vi valt att studera är effekten på flödet av människor och kapital. Vårt antagande är att ett köpcentrum påverkar en region utifrån ett funktionellt perspektiv. Vårt antagande är att ett köpcentrum påverkar en region huvudsakligen utifrån så stort upptagningsområde som merparten av besökare, kunder och anställda vid köpcentret bor inom. Forskningsfrågorna rörande effekten på flödet av människor fokuseras på boende och resande besökare, kunder och personal vid köpcentret. Forskningsfrågorna rörande effekten på flödet av kapital fokuseras på etablering, omlokalisering och nedläggning av butiker och serviceställen. Vår typ av studieobjekt, är relativt unik med hänsyn taget till de yttre förutsättningarna i form av perifer glesbygd och riksgräns, och därmed relativt obeforskad. Vi finner det därför bäst att använda oss av en explorativ metod för att bevara vår forskningsfråga. Vi använder oss av litteraturstudier, registermaterialstudier, intervjuer och enkäter. Vår slutsats är att Charlottenbergs Shoppingcenter vad gäller flödet av människor har två funktionella regioner. En funktionell region omfattar kunder och besökare där majoriteten kommer från östra delarna av Hedmarks fylke. Den andra funktionella regionen omfattar anställda i butiker och serviceställen på köpcentret där den dominerande delen kommer från Eda och Arvika kommuner. Vad gäller flödet av kapital finns ingen tydlig funktionell region på samma sätt som för flödet av människor. / The purpose with our paper is to examine some effects in a defined region surrounding “Charlottenbergs Shoppingcenter” witch opened in autumn 2006. The effects we have chosen to study are the effects on the flow of humans and capital. Our assumption is that a mall effects a region from a functional perspective. Our assumption is that a mall affects a region principally from the catchment area in witch the most part of the visitors, customers and employees lives in. The research questions concerning the effects on the flow of humans focus on housing and travelling for visitors, costumers and employees at the mall. The research questions concerning the effect on the flow of capital focus on establishment, relocations and close downs of shops and places of service. Our type of object of study, is relatively unique taking in concern the external conditions in form of a periphery sparsely-populated area and the national border, and for that reason relatively unresearched. For that reason we have chosen an explorative method to answer our research questions. We have studied literature, statistics, and done interviews and questionnaires. The result of our study is that “Charlottenbergs Shoppingcenter” has two functional regions the flow of humans. One functional region comprises customers and visitors, where the dominating part comes from the eastern parts of the county of Hedmark, Norway. The other functional region comprises the employees at the mall, where the dominating part comes from the municipalities of Eda and Arvika in Sweden.

A basic assumption in the thesis is that the expansion of production and consumption in the Swedish society during the first half of the 20th century involved market as well as consumer activities of a new kind. The thesis explores the development and practice of marketing towards consumers as a main activity of actors in the market, how it was formulated in textbooks an trade journals and followed up in the activity of two Swedish companies (Barnängen and MEA, Militärekiperingsaktiebolaget). The focus is on the period 1920-1965. In the first part the main lines of the dissertation is drawn. The second part focus on texts on marketing and the main characteristics of the period is discussed. It covers the topics of marketing, distribution, advertising and selling on a general level. In two more detailed chapters, the topics of market analysis and the marketing problems and praxis in retailing is dealt with. The third part focus on the practice in the two companies. Market research from the company of Barnängen is examined with the focus on products, groups of consumers, which technique was used, how and if recommendations were followed up in product politics or advertising. The results showed a shift in the use of techniques and product politics towards more sophisticated instruments and a closer relation to a wider market. Retailers use of marketing practice is examined in the company of MEA (Militär Ekiperings Aktiebolaget). The result showed a shift in both use of advertising and advertised products over the period 1930-1960. It was also detected a shit in the relation to the market that went from customer relation to a more anonymous consumer market. The fourth part ties the normative and practical levels together. The consequences for the consumers are also taken in for discussion. It showed that in the overall perspective a change towards a wider consumer market took place.

The objective of this master's thesis is to analyse trends in distribution in the German market and evaluate their importance in the retail environment. The first chapter of the thesis deals with the issue of distribution from a theoretical perspective. Analysis of the German economy and retail environment serves as a basis for further elaboration of the thesis. In the German market is growing the importance of the e-commerce and there is a tendency of integration of distribution channels. The current situation and trends in distribution channels as well as the trends of the future are outlined on the basis of secondary data. The analysis is completed by qualitative research, which determines the potential use of current trends.

The thesis focuses on an analysis of the specific innovation project and the follow-up evaluation of the innovation process in a medium-sized company. It follows by an analysis of resources which results into the proposing of the specific further development of innovation strategies. The theoretical part is aimed at an analysis of the scientific literature, which is mainly focused on the theory of innovations, innovations strategies and innovation processes. The practical part is aimed at detailed description of the specific innovation project, as well as its criticism and the possibility of extending the project to other areas.

The purpose of this diploma thesis is a proposal development strategy of the Vinoteka Rek, which is based in Prostějov. Analysis conducted was aimed at research of internal company resources and external environment. The results of the analysis show market position and identifies source of competitive advantage. Diploma thesis contains such proposed changes that would lead to an improvement of its existing position among the competitors.