Spelling suggestions: "subject:"riskreduction"" "subject:"bioreduction""
81 |
Bridging the Gap: Assessing the Integration of Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Risk Reduction - A Case Study on NepalRagnartz, Ebba January 2023 (has links)
There are two primary purposes of this study. One is theory development and the other is empirical. The first aim will be conducted by proposing a framework for the integrated approach between Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation. The empirical purpose will be conducted by applying the framework on Nepal’s National Adaptation Plan (NAP). Numerous scholars and researchers have conducted research regarding why an integrated approach between DRR and CCA is favourable for the development in reducing vulnerability in areas and countries which are heavily affected by climate-related disasters. Although multiple convergences, there still exist certain obstacles and differences across the approaches. These include separation in institutions and actors, financial mechanisms, the gap between typologies and terminology and spatial scale differences. The main findings that can be gathered from this study is that Nepal's NAP includes many objectives and aspects which is pointing towards that the Integrated Approach is becoming more evident in today's DRR and CCA efforts. The areas which lacked the most in the NAP was the centralisation of poverty reduction and a lack of details regarding how and by whom many of the objectives and activities were planned to be implemented.
|
82 |
A study of the potential for post- disaster resilience in indigenous Fijian communities / フィジー集落コミュニティの災害復興力に関する研究VEITATA, Sainimere Naikadroka 23 March 2023 (has links)
京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(地球環境学) / 甲第24766号 / 地環博第238号 / 新制||地環||46(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院地球環境学舎地球環境学専攻 / (主査)教授 小林 広英, 准教授 落合 知帆, 准教授 深町 加津枝 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Global Environmental Studies / Kyoto University / DFAM
|
83 |
Uppföljning av efterbehandlingsåtgärder : Undersökning av hur nyckeltal i statliga åtgärdsprojekt kan användas för att följa upp och hantera riskreduktionCerps, Madeleine January 2022 (has links)
After remediation of contaminated sites, a follow-up should be done including an assessment of risk reduction. For remediation projects financed by governmental grant, indicators are required which will provide follow-up data. This study examines how the indicators can be used to follow-up and handle risk reduction regarding health and/or the environment, where both short- and long-term perspectives are considered. Furthermore, the study examines how the indicators can be used regarding a national viewpoint and if there is a need to adjust the requirements of the indicators. The study was limited to remediation projects financed by governmental grant to carry out a comparable evaluation. Indictors from 69 projects have been collected, of which 67 have been compiled at a project level. A compilation of, among other things, pollution amounts has also been done for a national perspective. Several of the indicators can be used to assess risk reduction, however, quantitative data are lacking for many of the projects. Furthermore, it is difficult to assess the risk reduction without knowledge of remediation goals and in some cases qualitative data. From the data that has been evaluated, it seems that the projects at a national level generally maintain a high level of ambition with a high degree of risk reduction. For example an average reduction in the amount of pollution of 85% in 31 of 67 projects and an average reduction in the spread of 86.5% in 8 of 67 projects were obtained for the primarily pollution. However, it can be discussed whether it is representative with so few projects for evaluation at the national level. To be improved, the indicators should be reviewed regarding risk reduction. Additions are proposed to improve the possibility to assess risk reduction in both short and long term, and indicators related to, for example, exposure and ecological parameters can be added to obtain more project specific indicators. However, this means requirements for sampling and the risk assessment already before the remediation. Furthermore, it may be necessary to adjust the indicators to suit more remediation methods. Among other things, there is reason to review the assessment of risk reduction regarding methods relating to water. The results also indicate that other factors such as quality assurance, how follow-up takes place regarding data processing and how sampling is carried out should be reviewed for the key figures to be filled in adequately. The study is limited as not all reported projects have been included due to delimitation. To obtain a more complete evaluation, it is recommended that all projects should be included in a future study. The possibility of including privately financed projects should also be reviewed to get a better picture of how successful the remediation work is at national level. / Efter utförda åtgärder av förorenade områden görs uppföljning av åtgärderna där bedömning av riskreduktionen är en del. I åtgärdsprojekt som finansieras genom statliga medel ställs krav på uppföljning, där nyckeltal ingår som ska ge uppföljande data. Denna studie undersöker hur nyckeltalen kan användas för att följa upp och hantera riskreduktion för hälsa och/eller miljön efter utförda åtgärder, där så väl kort som lång sikt beaktas. Vidare har det undersökts hur nyckeltalen kan användas för att följa upp riskreduktion ur ett nationellt perspektiv samt huruvida det finns ett behov av att justera kraven. Studien avgränsades till statliga åtgärdsprojekt för att kunna genomföra en jämförbar utvärdering. Nyckeltal från 69 åtgärdsprojekt har samlats in där 67 har sammanställts på projektnivå. En sammanställning av bland annat föroreningsmängder har även gjorts för ett nationellt perspektiv. Flera av nyckeltalen kan användas för bedömning av riskreduktion, kvantitativa data saknas dock för många av åtgärdsprojekten. Den reella riskreduktionen är svår att utläsa för flertalet av projekten med anledning av bristen på data. Vidare är det svårt att utläsa riskreduktionen utan vetskap om åtgärdsmål och i vissa fall kvalitativa data. På nationell nivå verkar det som att åtgärderna generellt håller en hög ambitionsnivå med hög riskreduktionsgrad utifrån den data som har utvärderas. Bland annat erhölls en medelreduktion av föroreningsmängd på 85 % i 31 av 67 projekt och en medelreduktion i spridning på 86,5 % i 8 av 67 projekt för den primärt styrande föroreningen i åtgärdsprojekten. Det kan dock diskuteras om det är ett representativt urval med så få projekt för utvärdering på den nationella nivån. Nyckeltalen bör ses över för att kunna förbättras med avseende på riskreduktion. Bland annat föreslås tillägg av nyckeltal för möjlighet att bedöma riskreduktion på kort respektive lång sikt och en översyn om nyckeltal som rör exempelvis exponering och ekologiska parametrar bör läggas till för att få mer projektspecifika nyckeltal som rör riskreduktion. Detta ställer dock krav på provtagningar och riskbedömningen redan i utredningsskedet. Vidare kan det vara aktuellt att justera nyckeltalen för att passa fler åtgärdsmetoder. Bland annat finns det anledning att se över bedömning av riskreduktion med avseende på åtgärdsmetoder som rör åtgärder av vatten. Resultaten indikerar även på att andra faktorer som kvalitetssäkring, om rätt typ av provtagning genomförs och hur databearbetning sker, för att nyckeltalen ska kunna fyllas i på ett adekvat sätt. Studien är begränsad då inte alla slutrapporterade projekt har ingått med anledning av avgränsning. För att få en mer fullständig utvärdering rekommenderas att samtliga åtgärdsprojekt ingår i en framtida studie. Vidare bör det även ses över möjlighet att inkludera de privatfinansierade åtgärdsprojekten för att få en bättre bild över hur framgångsrikt saneringsarbetet är på nationell nivå.
|
84 |
Aligning Ambitions? : Investigating the Integration of International Guidelines into National Disaster Recovery StrategiesEisjö, Ellen January 2023 (has links)
No description available.
|
85 |
A Telephone-Delivered, Motivational Interviewing Intervention to Reduce Risky Sexual Behavior in HIV-Infected Rural Persons: A Pilot Randomized Clinical TrialCosio, David 25 September 2008 (has links)
No description available.
|
86 |
Examining Spatial and Socioeconomic Differentiation of Drought Coping Strategies among the Border Communities of Njukini, Taveta, KenyaSolomon, Alvin Maingi 03 October 2011 (has links)
No description available.
|
87 |
A Multidisciplinary Lifestyle Intervention Program Decreases Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Adults After 100 Days of TreatmentKnight, Mallory A. 03 October 2011 (has links)
No description available.
|
88 |
Effects of a One-Year Comprehensive Lifestyle Intervention Program on Cardiovascular Disease Risk in At-Risk AdultsRambo, Chelsea N. 26 July 2012 (has links)
No description available.
|
89 |
Social Disaster Vulnerabilities: a Study of Gender and Foreign Residents in Japan / 災害における社会的な脆弱性―日本におけるジェンダーと外国人居住者に関する研究―Petraroli, Irene 23 March 2022 (has links)
京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(地球環境学) / 甲第24062号 / 地環博第225号 / 新制||地環||43(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院地球環境学舎地球環境学専攻 / (主査)講師 BAARS ROGER CLOUD, 教授 宇佐美 誠, 准教授 落合 知帆, 准教授 TRENCHER Gregory / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Global Environmental Studies / Kyoto University / DFAM
|
90 |
Optimal Allocation of Resources for Screening of Donated BloodXie, Shiguang 29 September 2011 (has links)
Blood products, either whole blood or its components, are vital healthcare commodities for patients across all age groups, multiple diagnoses, and in a variety of settings. Meanwhile, blood shortages are common, and are projected to significantly increase in the near future in both developing and developed countries due to a limited supply of and increasing demand for blood, lack of resources, infrastructure. Unfortunately, today there remains a definable risk associated with the transfusion of blood and blood products. We explored, in depth, the resource allocation problem in reducing the risks of transfusion-transmitted infections (TTI). We developed models and algorithms to study the problem of selecting a set of blood screening tests for risk reduction, which we show to be very efficient in numerical studies with realistic-sized problems. This analysis also motivates the development of effective lower bounds with co-infection; our analysis indicates that these algorithms are very efficient and effective for the general problem. We also incorporate other objective functions and constraints (i.e., waste) into the analysis. Waste, defined as the fraction of disposed blood in the ``infection-free" blood, is incorporated into the risk-based model as a constraint. As an important extension, we compared our results of the blood screening problem in risk model with that of weighted risk objectives, which allows for different weights for each TTI. We further explored efficient algorithms to study this extension of the model and analyze how the test composition changes with the different objectives. Finally, in the context of blood screening, the last extension we investigated is to include a ``differential" testing policy, in which an optimal solution is allowed to contain multiple test sets, each applied to a fraction of the total blood units. In particular, the decision-maker faces the problem of selecting a collection of test sets as well as determining the proportion (or fraction) of blood units each test set will be administered to. We proposed the solution methodology and determined how the test sets under differential policy relate to those under the "same-for-all" policy; and how these changes impact the risk, and allow for better budget utilization. / Ph. D.
|
Page generated in 0.0857 seconds