The purpose of this study was to identify possible differences in the role expectations held by selected referent groups of the Bilingual Education Administrator. The study employed a questionnaire as the principal data-gathering instrument. The role expectations held by the selected referent groups were identified and compared. The "jury method" was used in the development of the initial data-gathering instrument, and a jury of experts identified a list of functions of the Bilingual Education Administrator. A selection panel of coders categorized the functions into five major administrative functions. The final questionnaire was distributed to a sample of 500 subjects in the State of Arizona. The six referent groups studied were found to be in general agreement when the role of the Bilingual Education Administrator was treated generically. However, disagreement was disclosed in one out of five major administrative functions and in four out of 23 specific functions. When the role was analyzed according to the five major administrative functions, disagreement was encountered in the innovative and change agent functions as bilingual education program directors and elementary teachers not in bilingual education programs were compared. It was also found that bilingual education program directors assigned a significantly higher priority to innovation and change agentry. When each of the 23 specific functions (listed under the major administrative functions) were analyzed, significant differences were noted in the functions dealing with (1) the integration of philosophy, goals, and objectives, (2) recruiting and hiring, (3) parent involvement, and (4) local financial support for bilingual education. In drawing general conclusions, it can be said that membership in a particular referent group can be considered a reasonable predictor of certain expectations of a role. Educational administration preparation programs should include, in their course requirements, sufficient content dealing with bilingual education theory, curriculum, program models, and research findings. In order to lessen the degree of conflict which now surrounds the role of the Bilingual Education Administrator, it may be advisable, in some cases, to change some of those functions which ordinarily cause disagreement and assign them to other superordinates.

No description available.

No description available.

This dissertation is a triangulated case study of a superintendent of a large southwest urban school district. The case study focused on how the urban school district superintendent could promote relationships with selected stakeholder groups. Document analysis, participant observation, and superintendent interviews comprised the components of the triangulated case study. Decentralization of decision making is vital for the urban school district superintendent to promote relationships with the selected stakeholder groups. The main point for additional research in this topic lies in the challenge of local school council empowerment without school and district leaders having their decision-making authority diminished.

This thesis examines the role of women depicted in advertisements and aims at evaluating to what degree the advertising industry adapts to the changes of women’s roles in society. The focus of the research lies on Germany. Advertisements of four German brands are analyzed and compared with the role of women in the German society in order to answer the question to what degree the German advertising industry does take into consideration the role of women in the German society. Nivea, Persil, Fa and Triumph are leading German brands, which target women and thus depict them in their ads or refer to them in the ads’ texts. Advertisements for the time period 1950s till 2000s are analyzed on the basis of content analysis. The long timeline permits to evidence the changes of the depiction of women over time.   The results of the content analysis which is quantitative in nature is undertaken to analyse the advertisements show that the depiction of the women in the ads depends on the decade and also differs from brand to brand, meaning that there is no linear development in the roles depiction of women in advertisements. This is especially visible when compared to previous researches presented in the theoretical chapter. Furthermore, previous researches show a linear development, women have typical roles in each decade and these roles change over the decades in a certain way: Women are mainly shown in “classical” roles in the decades ‘50s till ‘70s and in more varied roles since the ‘80s. The research at hand, however, shows that the ads from the 1950s to the 1970s show more diverse roles of women than the last three decades. Furthermore, only two of the four brands’ ads during the ‘50s to ‘70s depict women in classical roles and that not for all these three decades. Therefore, the results of this study are not in line with the ones found by past researches.   The results of the content analysis are qualitatively compared with the role played by women in the German society. From the comparison it becomes visible that the German advertising industry adapts to the role of women in the society but only to a certain extent. The analysis shows that the adaption of the brands’ advertisements differs from brand to brand and from decade to decade. In some decades the ads depict women as they are in society, others show a more “modern” image of the women and other decades’ ads show an antiquated image of women. In whole, no linear development of the adaption of the advertising industry to the role changes of women in society is visible. Overall, the results provide an understanding of how German women are portrayed in German advertisements over time and shed light on the adaption of the German advertising industry to role changes of women in the German society.

An individual's sex and associated gender-role expectations exert a primary influence on one's sense of self and nearly all the individual's interpersonal relationships. The purpose of this research project is to investigate how male counsellors experience the phenomenon of being a man, relative to issues associated with his sex and gender-role expectations, in the field of counselling. Because the emphasis is on the experience of sex and gender-role issues for male counsellors a phenomenological research method was chosen. Seven male counsellors were interviewed. The investigator conducted two interviews with each counsellor. The initial interview was designed to elicit the person's experiences of the phenomenon of being a male counsellor. After a preliminary analysis of this interview, a summary was prepared and shared with the respondent during the follow up interview. The purpose of this meeting was to verify the interpretation of the previous interview and to offer the individual an opportunity to supplement or modify his remarks. The interviews were transcribed by the investigator and analyzed using a method described by Karlsson (1993). The analysis of the data yielded three general categories of experience. They were experiences related to gender-role stereotyping, the experience of erotic feelings and the experience of being a man in a field in which they are a minority. A fourth category, which described the experience of the interviews, was included to further illuminate the results. for counsellor training, consultation The findings are discussed in light of previous research and include suggestions and further research.

The assisted living industry is predicted to experience considerable growth due to the simultaneous aging of the baby boom generation and their subsequent need for long-term care. This study investigates individuals’ pathways to administration in assisted living and the ways in which assisted living administrators define and carry out their roles. The study contributes to the understanding of the knowledge, skills, and personal traits needed by those who assume these vital leadership roles in an industry poised to care for the bourgeoning population of older adults. The sample for this study is 44 administrators who work in a random sample of 45 assisted living facilities in Georgia. Qualitative methods were used to analyze the data. The data revealed that multiple multi-level factors not only facilitate an administrator’s pathway to AL administration, but these factors also help to shape how an administrator experiences his or her role within an ALF.

Magistrinį baigiamąjį darbą sudaro įvadas, literatūros apžvalga, tyrimų metodika, tyrimų rezultatai ir jų apibendrinimas, išvados ir darbe naudotos literatūros sąrašas (63 šaltiniai). Darbas iliustruotas 2 lentelėmis ir 27 paveikslais, iš jų – tyrimų rezultatai – 23 paveikslais, 3 priedais. Darbo apimtis – 85 puslapiai (su priedais). Raktiniai žodžiai: pedagogas, požiūris, pedagogo vaidmenys, kompetencija. Tyrimo objektas: šiuolaikinio pedagogo vaizdinys. Darbo tikslas: remiantis tyrimu atskleisti mokinių požiūrį į šiuolaikinį pedagogą. Tyrimo uždaviniai: 1. Išsiaiškinti šiuolaikinio pedagogo kompetencijas teoriniu aspektu. 2. Ištirti teoriniu požiūriu pedagogo vaidmenis pedagoginiame procese. 3. Nustatyti, labiausiai priimtinus mokiniams pedagogų bruožus. 4. Ištirti mokinių požiūrį į pedagogo darbą. 5. Išskirti mokiniams labiausiai nepriimtinus pedagogų bruožus. Tyrimo metodai: 1. Mokslinės literatūros analizė. 2. Kokybinis tyrimas – laisvoji rašinių turinio analizė. 3. Kiekybinis tyrimas - anketinė apklausa. Tyrimo rezultatai: Apibendrinus anketų duomenis, galime teigti, jog hipotezė, kad mokiniams pedagogo autoritetas nebėra toks svarbus, kaip anksčiau, o ir pats pedagogas netraktuojamas kaip vyresnysis draugas ar patarėjas pasitvirtino. / Final work of Master studies consists of introduction, review of references, methods of investigation, results of investigation and summing-up, conclusions and list of references (63 sources). The work is illustrated with 2 tables and 27 figures (23 of them present results of investigation) and 3 appendices. The work consists of 85 pages (with appendices). Keywords: teacher, attitude, teacher’s roles, competence. Object of the investigation: image of a modern teacher. Purpose of the work: to reveal students’ attitude towards a modern teacher. Objectives of the investigation: 6. To ascertain competences of a modern teacher theoretically. 7. To investigate teacher’s roles in pedagogical process theoretically. 8. To investigate students’ attitude towards teacher’s work. 9. To establish most acceptable features of a teacher to students. 10. To characterize most unacceptable features of a teacher to students. Methods of investigation: 4. Analysis of scientific works. 5. Qualitative investigation means free analysis of essay content. 6. Quantitative investigation means surveying. Results of the investigation: After summarizing the data of the survey it is possible to affirm the hypothesis that students’ attitude towards a teacher as an authority has changed and that the attitude of a modern student towards a teacher as an educated knowledge conveyor has been confirmed.

This research seeks to understand how public police officers phenomenologically construct and conceptualize their occupational role. Most research has overlooked officers’ intimate constructions of reality. The present study addresses this gap in the literature by presenting an inductive analysis of how police officers define their role, capturing officers’ intimate constructions of their life-world, while acknowledging the contradictions and tensions that characterize this role construct. My interview data indicates that officers define their role in terms of an ideal construct that is oftentimes at odds with their lived reality. Moreover, the data suggests that there is a discontinuity between officers’ definition of reality, the nature of their lived experienced, and the institutionalized definitions of reality espoused by the media, the public and the courts which, ultimately, fosters feelings of powerlessness among the officers. I conclude with discussion about the implications of holding onto this role construct and offer potential policy initiatives.

Per paskutinįjį šimtmetį suvokimas apie tėvo vaidmenį šeimoje pasikeitė. Mūsų visuomenėje motinystei yra skiriamas didesnis dėmesys nei tėvystei. Mokslinėje literatūroje nagrinėjami motinos ir vaiko santykiai, neakcentuojant tėvo vaidmens vaikų auklėjimo procese. Pasak mokslininkų (Litvinienė, 2002; Jurėnė, 2010), tėvas turi labai didelę įtaką visam tolimesniam vaiko gyvenimui, jo charakterio stipriosioms savybėms atsiskleisti. Tėvo vaidmuo tampa vis svarbesniu ir apima vis platesnes veiklos, saviraiškos galimybes susijusias su vaikų auginimu, auklėjimu, priežiūra, jo asmenybės vystymusi. Tyrimo objektas - vaikų subjektyvios patirties analizė apie tėvo vaidmenis šeimoje.Tyrimo tikslas - teoriškai pagrįsti ir empiriškai ištirti vaikų (10–12 m.) subjektyvią patirtį apie tėvo vaidmenis šeimoje. Tyrimo. / The actuality of the topic. Perception of father’s role in a family has changed over the last century. A greater attention is paid to maternity rather than to paternity in our society. Scientific readings analyze relations between a mother and a child whereas father’s role within the process of a child’s development is not emphasized. According to the scientists (Litvinienė, 2002; Jurėnė, 2010), a father has a great impact upon the entire further life of a child, revelation of his/her positive traits of character. A role of a father becomes more and more important and covers greater opportunities of activities, self-expression related to children’s raising, upbringing, care, his/her personality development. The object of investigation - analysis of subjective experience by children about father’s role in a family. The purpose of the investigation - to give a theoretical substantiation and conduct empirical research on subjective experience by children (aged 10-12) about father’s role in a family.