This diploma thesis is aimed to analyze the competitive abilities of a chosen enterprise ? STAKOPLAST cz, spol. s r.o., which produces plastic windows and doors on the Czech market. In the course of the work on this diploma thesis, the position of the enterprise on the relevant market was assessed, based on the internal and external environment analysis and the SWOT analysis, the strengths and weaknesses were identified. The enterprise will have to keep track of its customers and competitors. The customer and competitor orientation must be kept in balance. The company has to continuously evaluate its competitive abilities, its competitors and subsequently apply those strategies and competitive advantages, which will help it to keep and confirm its market position at given branch and region. The outputs of the analyses are the key to the market success of the company. The set targets meet the outputs of the analyses. The main target is to continuously improve all of the following areas ? meeting the customers? demands, improvement of the expertise of the employees, continuous improvement of the effectiveness and efficiency of the whole management system and production management system.

Master´s thesis is analyzing background of successful business start in services with accommodation and catering. The purpose of this master´s thesis is arrangement of business plan in the area of "hotel work" with all appurtenances.

Nya hot gör sig ständigt påtagliga där asymmetriska inslag blir alltmer förekommande. Luftmakt finns idag som ett kraftfullt maktmedel i de allra flesta stater men det finns få luftmaktsteorier ämnade för kvantitativt underlägsna stater. Luftmaktsteorier är relevanta för staters luftmaktsstrategier då teorier skänker svar till varför vi utbildas och tränas på ett visst sätt. The Underdog´s model, en luftmaktsteori gällande asymmetrisk luftmakt, påvisar teoretiskt hur kvantitativt underlägsna stater kan öka sina chanser mot en överlägsen motståndare genom att använda sina resurser på bästa sätt. Syftet med denna studie är att teoripröva ”The Underdog´s model” och undersöka dess validitet. Genom att pröva denna luftmaktsteori utifrån två fall, Sexdagarskriget 1967 och Gulfkriget 1990–1991, kan även ny kunskap om asymmetriska luftmaktskonflikter skapas. Fallen studeras utifrån ett luftmaktsperspektiv. Studiens resultat visar på att chanserna för en stat kan öka om teorins sex faktorer uppfylls och den underlägsna staten presterar bättre än sin motståndare, teorins validitet bedöms som stor. Däremot kan inte analysen med säkerhet säga om det finns andra aspekter som kan vara avgörande för en stats framgång som inte analyseras under teorins framträdande faktorer.

Sammanfattning: Luftmakt är ett kraftfullt tvångsmedel för att påverkan motståndaren. Luftmakten har under lång tid varit de resursstarka stormakternas verktyg explicit. Tiden och teknikutveckling har medgett att mindre resursstarka stater kan ta till sig luftmakt. Dilemmat för den mindre staten är tillgängliga resurser för kvalité och kvantitet kontra den resursstarke motståndaren i kontexten asymmetrisk konflikt. Vintern 2021 presenterades Arash Heydarian Pashakhanlou luftmaktsteorin The Underdogs Model (UM) som bygger på dilemmat med en resursstark motståndare. Pashakhanlou menar att den svagare parten kan öka sin sannolikhet att nå framgång mot en starkare motståndare genom att förhålla sig till sex faktorer som är grunden i hans småstatsteori. Teorins sex faktorerna är kreativitet, självförsörjning och externt stöd, engagemang, underrättelse, spridning och kraftsamling samt slå mot sårbara militära mål. Småstatsteorier är något av ett dilemma då man saknar empirisk grund för deras validitet, så även Pashakhanlous teori. Syftet med studien var att med hjälp av två oberoende luftmaktsrelaterade fall pröva teorin och undersöka dess förklaringskraft. Studiens fall är luftmaktsanvändning i italienska Bari 1943 samt Falklandskriget 1982. Studiens resultat visar på stor förekomst av faktorerna i UM samt att Tyskland presterade bättre än de allierade i samtliga faktorer och vidare att Argentina presterades sämre än Storbritannien i flertalet av faktorerna. Pashakhanlous teori kan förklaras i de båda fallen och påvisat hög förklaringskraft. Studien konkluderar efter genomförd analys att det inte kan uteslutas att andra faktorer inverkade på utfallen eftersom studien fokuserat på teorins sex faktorer. Krav på ytterligare prövning föreligger innan Pashakhanlous teori kan bekräftas eller avfärdas med ytterligare empirisk bevisning.

The diploma thesis deals with the assessment and evaluation of the current state of the information system in the company ABC, s.r.o. Based on the outputs of the analyzes, author of this thesis evaluated the achieved results and then proposed possible solutions which should lead to improved work with the information system and increase the efficiency of its use.

Ce travail de thèse porte sur le développement de la méthode des vitesses discrètes pour la résolution numérique de équations cinétiques modèles, BGK, S modèle et ES modèle, qui représentent les différentes approximations de l’équation de Boltzmann. / This work is devoted to the development of the numerical resolution of the kinetic model equations such as BGK, S-model, ES-model by the discrete velocity method. The different approximations of the Boltzmann equation are presented

The main goal of the Master's Thesis is to create one year marketing plan for the Müller for year 2012, which will be in accordance with actual market position and development of the Müller company. The Master's Thesis combines theoretical and practical approach and offers a comprehensive look at the issue of marketing plan. The first part deals with the situation analysis, including internal data, research data from research agency AC Nielsen and Porter's model of competing forces. The output of the situation analysis is the evaluation of opportunities and threats, strengths and weaknesses of the company, under which the marketing goals were proposed. Regarding the marketing goals a new strategies of marketing mix were suggested. The proposal of individual activity and their timing is illustrated in the chart of the action plan. The last part summarizes the systems of measurement and controls Design of individual activities and their timing is contained in the Action Plan. At the end are summarized measurement systems and controls.

Assessment of the current situation and status of the selected company in the market through analysis of the external environment. Based on the results of corporate strategy and propose measures for successful management of company.

The aim of this work was to evaluate and analyze the degree of competitiveness from the sector of fitness centers in Santa Maria RS. The study brings an analytics support of Porter Competitiveness Model (1986), of the five competitive strengths, of the small and medium companies and of the fitness centers sector, charactering as quantitative, descriptive and as a field study. The data used in the analysis and interpretation of this research were obtained through answers to a questionnaire applied for the managers/administrators of the companies related in the Cadastro de Contribuintes de Alvará, from SMIC Secretaria de Indústria e Comércio da Prefeitura Municipal de Santa Maria RS. Through this data it was verified that these companies are mostly PMEs, their basic way of administration is familiar, most part of them was created less than 5 years ago and has as its first concerning the search for solutions for its internal operational problems. Among the competitive strengths acting in the sector, the bargain power from the customers is considered the most powerful one, because there is in the market a huge sensitiveness to the prices and localization of the fitness centers. Despite it doesn t represent a barrier to the entrance of new companies into the market, the skill to maintain the prices, by the learning curve, is highlighted as a way to remain in the sector. The intensity of rivalry among the competitors is noticed as high and attributed to the big number of similar companies working without differentiation. As the companies don t own a big extension of shopping and any provider has a relevant participation of goods and equipments, there isn t, in this sector, conditions to the providers to have a bigger power of negotiation. The overcoming of substitute services doesn t concern the companies, and there are no systematic researches for their identification. Among generic competitive strategies described by Porter, most part answered that uses differentiation, that has made investments to improve its competitive position and usually tries to fit the market instead to influence it or to be in front of the competitive moves in the sector. In the end of the research it was concluded that, the non perception of differentiation from the clients of the services offered by the fitness centers of Santa Maria, is the main challenge to be faced by the companies. The search for solutions of the companies for a faster and effective visualization of the differentiation of their services face to the concurrence requests actions in the way of profisionalization of the gesture, definition and adoption of an adequate competitive strategy and the creation of a local class entity / O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar e analisar o grau de competitividade do setor de academias de ginástica e musculação de Santa Maria RS. O estudo traz um embasamento analítico do Modelo da Competitividade de Porter (1986), das cinco forças competitivas, das pequenas e médias empresas e do setor de academias de ginástica e musculação, caracterizando-se como quantitativo, descritivo e de estudo de campo. Os dados utilizados na análise e interpretação desta pesquisa foram obtidos através de respostas a um questionário aplicado aos gerentes/administradores das empresas relacionadas no cadastro de Contribuintes de Alvará, da SMIC - Secretária de Indústria e Comércio da Prefeitura Municipal de Santa Maria-RS. Através destes dados verificou-se que estas empresas são predominantemente PMEs, a sua forma de administração é basicamente familiar, a maioria foi criada a menos de 05 anos e tem como preocupação primeira a busca por soluções para seus problemas operacionais internos. Entre as forças competitivas atuantes no setor, o poder de barganha dos clientes é considerada a mais forte, pois existe no mercado uma sensibilidade muito grande quanto aos preços praticados pelas empresas e quanto à localização das academias. Apesar de não identificarem barreiras ao ingresso de novas empresas no mercado, a habilidade de manter os preços praticados, pela curva de aprendizagem, é destacada como o meio de permanecer no setor. A intensidade da rivalidade entre os concorrentes existentes é percebida como alta e atribuída ao grande número de empresas semelhantes trabalhando sem diferenciação. Por não possuírem um grande volume de compras e por nenhum fornecedor ter uma forte participação no fornecimento de insumos e equipamentos, não há, no setor, condições dos fornecedores exercerem um poder maior de negociação. O surgimento de serviços substitutos não traz preocupação às empresas, não havendo pesquisas sistemáticas para a sua identificação. Entre as estratégias competitivas genéricas descritas por Porter, a maioria respondeu que utiliza a de diferenciação, tendo feito investimentos para melhorar sua posição competitiva e normalmente procura se ajustar ao mercado ao invés de tentar influenciá-lo ou de se antecipar às movimentações competitivas do setor. Ao final da pesquisa concluiu-se que a não percepção pelos clientes de diferenciação entre os serviços prestados pelas academias de ginástica e musculação de Santa Maria é o principal desafio a ser enfrentado pelas empresas. A busca por soluções para o estabelecimento de uma mais rápida e efetiva visualização da diferenciação de seus serviços perante a concorrência exige ações no sentido da profissionalização da gestão, da definição e adoção de uma estratégia competitiva adequada e da criação de uma entidade de classe local

This thesis is focused on a theoretical explanation of some models for the optimization stock portfolios with different risk measure. The theory of the nonlinear programming is detailed developed and also basic Markowitz`s model with another optimization models as Konno -- Yamazaki`s model, Roy`s model, semivariance approach and Value at Risk approach, which are based on alternative risk measure. For all models the assumptions of their applications are highlighted and the comparation of these models is made too. Analytical part is concerned in the construction of the effecient portfolios according to the described models is made on the historical market prices of 13 companies traded on Prague Stock Exchange in SPAD.