In flexible fitting, the high-resolution crystal structure of a molecule is deformed to optimize its position with respect to a low-resolution density map. Solving the flexible fitting problem entails answering the following questions: (A) How can the crystal structure be deformed? (B) How can the term "optimum" be defined? and (C) How can the optimization problem be solved? In this dissertation, we answer the above questions in reverse order. (C) We develop PFCorr, a non-uniform SO(3)-Fourier-based tool to efficiently conduct rigid-body correlations over arbitrary subsets of the space of rigid-body motions. (B) We develop PF2Fit, a rigid-body fitting tool that provides several useful definitions of the optimal fit between the crystal structure and the density map while using PFCorr to search over the space of rigid-body motions (A) We develop PF3Fit, a flexible fitting tool that deforms the crystal structure with a hierarchical domain-based flexibility model while using PF2Fit to optimize the fit with the density map. Our contributions help us solve the rigid-body and flexible fitting problems in unique and advantageous ways. They also allow us to develop a generalized framework that extends, breadth-wise, to other problems in computational structural biology, including rigid-body and flexible docking, and depth-wise, to the question of interpreting the motions inherent to the crystal structure. Publicly-available implementations of each of the above tools additionally provide a window into the technically diverse fields of applied mathematics, structural biology, and 3D image processing, fields that we attempt, in this dissertation, to span. / text

Le Sud-Ouest du Bassin de Paris, domaine faiblement subsident assurant la transition entre les bassin de Paris et d'Aquitaine, est une zone clé pour comprendre l'évolution et l'individualisation de ces bassins. L'objectif de cette étude est d'effectuer une synthèse géologique régionale du Sud-Ouest du Bassin de Paris afin d'en caractériser les déformations subtiles et leurs différentes longueurs d'ondes. A partir de données d'affleurements, nous avons habillé des puits diagraphiés de la Banque du Sous-Sol (proche des affleurements) et deux puits de référence : Boussay1 et Saint-Georges-sur-Moulon1. Nous proposons un modèle de signature diagraphique des différents faciès sédimentaires pour chaque niveau stratigraphique du Jurassique moyen et supérieur. Les corrélations séquentielles régionales ont permis d'identifier 4 cycles Transgression/Régression de 2ème ordre (x10Ma), similaires à ceux définis dans le centre du Bassin de Paris. Nous montrons des géométries (1) aggradantes légérement progradantes au Jurassique inférieur et moyen (2) aggradantes au Bathonien et (3) progrado-aggradantes au Jurassique supérieur avec un prisme de bas niveau à la base de l'Oxfordien supérieur. L'analyse de la déformation sur les lignes de sismique réflexion, retraitées par le BRGM, a permis de caractériser deux ordres de longueur d'onde : des failles de courte et moyenne longueur d'onde et des déformations souples de moyenne à grande longueur d'onde. Nous montrons que (1) les failles de courte longueur d'onde ne génèrent pas de cycle stratigraphique et (2) que la production carbonatée est le facteur majeur du contrôle des géométries sédimentaires du Jurassique du Sud-Ouest du bassin de Paris.

The goal of this diploma thesis is to observe, characterize ale reflect two well-known methods of teaching mathematics - so-called classical method and method according to professor Hejný, on the example of two second grade class teachers of elementary school with a focus on geometry. In the theoretical part I list several research works concerning class room observation. I use these to set up methodology of my own research. Moreover, the methods are characterized according to the literature and the analysis of the textbooks. Also the outputs of the Framework Education Programme (in Czech "Rámcový vzdělávací program") are presented in this theoretical part. I use these outputs to evaluate whether the method leads students to what they should know. The practical part consists of observing lessons of two teachers, my own teaching experience in the given classes and final questionnaire for students. Data collected from these observations are analysed with the help of qualitative and quantitative methods. The representative of the so-called classical method put emphasis on repetition and system. He usually asks students questions that require a shorter response. Students do not enjoy the school and geometry that much, but the knowledge results are quite good. The representative of the method according...

Studiens syfte är att undersöka sju F-3 lärares inställning till pedagogiskt drama som metod i SO-undervisningen. Studien präglas av det teoretiska perspektivet pragmatismen. Som undersökningsmetod används semistrukturerade intervjuer. Resultatet visar att vissa lärare har en positiv inställning till drama. Möjligheter som lyftes fram med metoden innebär ett lustfyllt lärande, en variationsrik undervisning, en alternativ bedömningsmetod och metodens kommunikativa möjligheter. Resultatet visar också att vissa lärare har en avslappnad inställning till pedagogiskt drama då drama ses som en naturlig del i undervisningen. Resultatet visar att vissa lärare känner sig osäkra vid användandet av pedagogiskt drama då de upplever att de har bristande kompetens inom metoden. Dessutom visar resultatet att vissa lärare har en negativ inställning till pedagogiskt drama och att tidsbrist, bristande kunskaper och huvudfokus på mätbara mål nämndes som hinder vid användandet av metoden. Sammantaget visar resultatet att lärarna var ambivalenta, det vill säga att de hade en positiv inställning till dramas möjligheter för lärandet samtidigt som de ser många hinder vid användandet av metoden.

This thesis deals with the research Volary peripheral region with a focus on social capital. The region is a territory administrative districts of Volary located in southwestern Bohemia in protected area and national park Šumava. This is a community Volary, Lenora, Zbytiny, Stožec, Želnava, Křišťanov and Nová Pec. The work consists of two parts. The theoretical section in each chapter deals with a brief overview of the issue of regionalization of space and social capital as well as basic geographic characteristics of the monitored area. The practical part of the thesis focuses on specific research that has been carried out on the basis of an analysis of secondary data and survey. The obtained data are processed and presented in the form of tables and graphs with subsequent evaluation and comparing the results with similar studies that have been made.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:03:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AndersonJBFSpdf.pdf: 1395977 bytes, checksum: 20e89e66625906390030e1d886eec0a9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-03-17 / In the urban areas of the cities a larger problem of destiny of effluents of the treatment stations is verified due to the junction of the sewages in great volumes. This way the hidroponic cultive becomes important, for your intensive characteristic, as alternative of reuse. This work presents as objective the improvement of the relation hidric-nutritious of the hidroponic cultive of green forage (FVH) using treaty sewage. The production of forage was with corn (Zea mays L.), using double hybrid AG1051, in the experimental field of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), in the city of Natal-RN-Brazil. The treated effluent essentially domestic had origin of anaerobic reactor, type decant-digester of two cameras in series followed by anaerobic filters drowned. The hidroponic experimental system was composed of 08 stonemasons, with limited contours for masonry of drained ceramic brick, measuring each one 2,5 meters in length for 1,0 meter of width, with inclination of 4% (m/m) in the longitudinal sense, leveled carefully, in way to not to allow preferential roads in the flow. These dimensions, the useful area of Isow was of 2 square meters. The stonemasons of cultive were waterproof (found and lateral) with plastic canvas of 200 micres of thickness, in the white color. Controlled the entrance and exit of the effluente in the stonemasons, with cycles of 12,68 minutes, it being water of 1,18 minutes. The treatments were constituted of: T1 - 24 hours/day under it waters with flow of 2 L/min; T2 - 12 hours/day under waters with flow of 4 L/min; T3 - 12 hours/day under waters with flow of 2 L/min; and T4 - 16 hours/day under waters with flow of 3 L/min. There were evaluations of the evapotranspirometric demand, of hidroponic system affluent and effluent seeking to characterize and to monitor physical-chemical parameters as: pH, temperature, Electric Conductivity and Fecal Coliforms. This last one was analyzed to the 11 days after isow (DAS) and to the 14 DAS. The others were analyzed daily. I sow it was accomplished in the dates of February 21, 2007, first experiment, and April 10, 2007, second experiment. The density of Isow was of 2 kg of seeds, germinated before 48 hours, for square meter of stonemason. The statistic delineament was it casual entirely with two repetitions, in two experiments. It was applied Tukey test of average to five percent of probability. The cultivation cycle was of 14 DAS with evapotranspirometric demand maximum, reached by T1, of 67,44 mm/day. The analyzed parameters, as mass of green matter - Kg, productivity-Kg/m2 and reason of production of seed FVH/Kg used in Isow, the best result was presented by T1, obtaining value of up to 19,01 Kg/m2 of cultive. Without significant difference, the T4 presented greats values with 16 hours under cycle of water. The Treatments 2 and 3 with 12 hours under cycle of water, they obtained inferior results to the other Treatments. As treatment system, came efficient in the reduction of the salinity. T1 obtained reduction medium maxim of 62,5%, to the 7 DAS, in the amount of salts that enter in the system in they are absorbed in the cultivation. The cultivation FVH acted reducing the microbiologic load. Significant percentile of reduction they were reached, with up to 90,23% of reduction of Units of Colonies (UFC), constituting, like this, the Hidroponic System as good alternative of treatment of effluents of Reactors of high Efficiency / Nas regi?es urbanas das grandes cidades verifica-se um maior problema de destino de efluentes das esta??es de tratamento devido ? jun??o dos esgotos em grandes volumes. Desta forma o cultivo hidrop?nico torna-se importante, por sua caracter?stica intensiva, como alternativa de re?so de ?guas residu?rias. O presente trabalho apresenta como objetivo a otimiza??o do balan?o h?drico-nutricional do cultivo hidrop?nico de forragem verde (FVH) utilizando esgoto tratado. Realizou-se a produ??o de forragem hidrop?nica de milho (Zea mays L.), com o cultivar h?brido duplo AG1051, no campo experimental da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), na cidade de Natal-RN-Brasil. O efluente tratado essencialmente dom?stico teve origem de decanto-digestor de duas c?maras em s?rie seguido de filtros anaer?bios afogados. O sistema hidrop?nico experimental foi composto de 08 canteiros, com contornos limitados por alvenaria de tijolo cer?mico vazado, medindo cada um 2,5 (dois e meio) metros de comprimento por 1,0 (um) metro de largura, com inclina??o de 4 % (m/m) no sentido longitudinal, nivelado cuidadosamente, de forma a n?o permitir caminhos preferenciais no fluxo. Destas dimens?es, a ?rea ?til de semeio foi de 2 (dois) metros quadrados. Os canteiros de cultivo foram impermeabilizados (fundo e laterais) com lona pl?stica de 200 micra de espessura, na cor branca. Controladas a entrada e a sa?da de efluente nos canteiros, com ciclos de 12,68 minutos, realizou-se regas de 1,18 minutos. Os tratamentos constitu?ram-se de : T1 24 horas/dia sob rega com vaz?o de 2 L/min ; T2 - 12 horas/dia sob rega com vaz?o de 4 L/min ; T3 12 horas/dia sob rega com vaz?o de 2 L/min ; e T4 16 horas/dia sob rega com vaz?o de 3 L/min. Houve avalia??es da demanda evapotranspirom?trica, do afluente e do efluente do Sistema Hidrop?nico visando caracterizar e monitorar par?metros f?sico-qu?micos como: pH, temperatura, Condutividade El?trica e Coliformes Fecais. Este ?ltimo foi analisado aos 11 dias ap?s o semeio(DAS) e aos 14 DAS. Os demais foram analisados diariamente. O semeio foi realizado nas datas de 21 de fevereiro de 2007, primeiro experimento, e 10 (dez) de abril de 2007, segundo experimento. A densidade de semeio foi de 2 kg de sementes, pr?-germinada 48 horas antes, por metro quadrado de canteiro. O delineamento foi o inteiramente casualizado com duas repeti??es, em dois experimentos. Foi aplicado o teste Tukey de m?dia a cinco por cento de probabilidade. O ciclo de cultivo foi de 14 DAS com demanda evapotranspirom?trica m?xima, atingida pelo T1, de 67,44 mm/dia. Para os par?metros analisados, como massa de mat?ria verde - Kg, produtividade-Kg/m2 e raz?o de produ??o de FVH/Kg de semente utilizada no semeio, o melhor resultado foi apresentado pelo T1, obtendo valor de at? 19,01 Kg/m2. Sem diferen?a significativa, logo em seguida, o T4 com 16 horas sob ciclo de rega. Os Tratamentos 2 e 3 com 12 horas sob ciclo de rega, obtiveram resultados inferiores aos demais Tratamentos. Como sistema de tratamento, apresentou-se eficiente na redu??o da salinidade. O T1 obteve redu??o m?dia m?xima de 62,5 %, aos 7 DAS, na quantidade de sais que entram no sistema em s?o absorvidos no cultivo. O cultivo FVH atuou reduzindo a carga microbiol?gica, apesar da relativa boa qualidade microbiol?gica do afluente do sistema Hidrop?nico. Percentuais significativos de redu??o foram alcan?ados, com at? 90,23% de redu??o de Unidades Formadoras de Col?nias (UFC), constituindo, assim, o Sistema Hidrop?nico como boa alternativa de tratamento de efluentes de Reatores de alta Efici?ncia

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:03:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LigianneDCS_DISSET.pdf: 2777562 bytes, checksum: 699ad396b1a2d174d06a78ebb268c3b3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-12-27 / Stabilization pond is the most used sewage treatment system in the country, corresponding to approximately 90% of all systems. The systems evaluated were stabilization ponds system of sewage treatment in the city of Natal / RN. This research aimed to analyze the possible uses through physical-chemical and bacteriological of these final effluent ponds for urban uses depending on the characteristics after passage around the treatment system. The parameters used were chosen according to those established by Chernicharo et al. (2006), in order to characterize the effluent. The parameters evaluated were: DO, temperature, pH, conductivity, organic nitrogen, ammonia, NTK, total phosphorus, and series of solid fecal coliforms. Generally, the characteristics of the effluent followed variability found in the literature. The results showed an efficiency that is technically feasible to use the effluent end of some of STPs analyzed when checked parameters alone, if fitting in unrestricted urban use, restricted use and urban land use / Lagoa de estabiliza??o ? o sistema de tratamento de esgoto mais utilizado no pa?s, correspondendo a cerca de 90% de todos os sistemas. Os sistemas avaliados s?o do tipo lagoas de estabiliza??o integrantes do sistema de tratamento de esgoto da cidade de Natal/RN. Essa pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar os poss?veis usos atrav?s de caracter?sticas f?sico-qu?micas e bacteriol?gicas dos efluentes finais dessas lagoas para usos urbanos ? depender de suas caracter?sticas ap?s passagem por todo o sistema de tratamento. Os par?metros adotados foram escolhidos de acordo com os estabelecidos por Chernicharo et al. (2006), de modo a caracterizar o efluente. Os par?metros avaliados foram: OD, temperatura, pH, condutividade, nitrog?nio org?nico, am?nia, NTK, f?sforo total, s?rie de s?lidos e coliformes fecais. De forma geral, as caracter?sticas do efluente acompanharam a variabilidade encontrada na literatura. Os resultados encontrados mostraram que h? viabilidade t?cnica para utiliza??o dos efluentes finais de algumas das ETE analisadas, quando verificados par?metros isoladamente, se enquadrando no uso urbano irrestrito, uso urbano restrito e uso predial

nÃo hà / O estudo aborda a participaÃÃo e o exercÃcio do controle social na polÃtica pÃblica (PP) de saÃde implementada em Fortaleza, em sua regiÃo de menor IDH, a SER V, a partir de dois aspectos analÃtico-conceituais: a noÃÃo de controle social como fenÃmeno teÃrico-polÃtico e o Conselho Regional de SaÃde V como campo de pesquisa e objeto empÃrico. No primeiro as-pecto, analiso a mundializaÃÃo do capital com dominÃncia financeira e repercussÃes no Esta-do, PPs e exercÃcio do controle social, considerando que a polÃtica de saÃde traz os reflexos das crises, desigualdades e exclusÃes imperantes na sociedade atual. No segundo aspecto, investigo o CRS V como instÃncia privilegiada de participaÃÃo e controle social no SUS, no perÃodo de 2008 a 2012, uma vez que dentro do sistema de controle social na saÃde de Forta-leza tem oposto resistÃncia aos limites impostos pela conjuntura atual. Elejo como categorias analÃticas a democratizaÃÃo brasileira, cidadania e direitos, Estado e PPs, participaÃÃo e con-trole social. O objeto central da investigaÃÃo à compreender e avaliar a dinÃmica participativa e o exercÃcio do controle social no contexto da confluÃncia contraditÃria entre os processos democrÃticos e de ajuste estrutural decorrente da (re)formataÃÃo do Estado brasileiro. O em-basamento teÃrico-analÃtico se respalda em autores, tais como: Karl Marx, Boaventura Santos, IstivÃn MÃszaros, Zigmund Baumam, Pierre Bourdieu, Antonio Gramsci, Gilberto Freyre, SÃrgio Buarque de Holanda, Florestan Fernandes, GlÃria Gohn, Luciana Tatagiba, Elenaldo Teixeira, Alba Carvalho, Lea Carvalho. A pesquisa avaliativa se delineia a partir da aborda-gem qualitativa e crÃtico-analÃtica se constituindo num estudo de caso com o uso de tÃcnicas de tipo etnogrÃficas, utilizando os seguintes instrumentos de pesquisa: observaÃÃes, registros no diÃrio de campo, questionÃrios abertos/fechado e grupos focais com os conselheiros. O desenho metodolÃgico abrange a caracterizaÃÃo do perfil sociopolÃtico dos sujeitos conselhei-ros integrantes do sistema de controle social da SER V, a compreensÃo da dinÃmica de funci-onamento do CRS V a partir do entrelaÃamento da pluralidade de seus olhares, a explicitaÃÃo dos limites, dilemas, contradiÃÃes e possibilidades de atuaÃÃo, reconhecendo o processo ava-liativo como resultado das interpretaÃÃes do avaliador e das posiÃÃes dos diferentes sujeitos avaliados. Em termos conclusivos, o estudo (re)afirma, de modo mais estrutural, que as recon-figuraÃÃes sociais e polÃticas neoliberais revelam uma tendÃncia de minar os espaÃos de repre-sentaÃÃo coletiva e controle social. NÃo obstante o CRS V despontar no sistema de conselhos de saÃde de Fortaleza com autonomia e independÃncia perante o governo regional, demons-trando ser possÃvel a viabilidade do exercÃcio do controle social no SUS local, apresenta-se mais como espaÃo estratÃgico, potencial e desafiador em face Ãs aÃÃes governamentais e me-nos como efetivo lÃcus de controle social e fortalecimento da sociedade civil. O Conselho se firma como legÃtimo espaÃo formativo de quadros polÃticos, instÃncia receptora de denÃncias e promotora de accuntability na SER V, contribuindo para pressionar pela implementaÃÃo da polÃtica de saÃde em consonÃncia como os princÃpios e diretrizes do SUS. / The study approach the participation and the exercise of social control in the public politics (PP) of health care implemented in Fortaleza in SER V which is the region with the lowest IDH rate, starting from two analytical-concepts aspects: the notion of social control as the political-theoretical phenomenon and the Regional Council of Health V as the object of em-pirical research. In the first aspect, it is analyzed the globalization of wealth with financial domain and the repercussion in the State, in the PPs and in exercise of social control, consid-ering that the health care politics bring effects of economic crises, social inequality and ex-clusion prevailing in the current society. At the second aspect, its investigated the CRS V as a privileged instance in social control and participation in the SUS system, in the period of 2008 to 2012, since that the social control system of Fortaleza have the opposite resistance to the limits imposed by the current conjuncture. It is elected as analytical categories the Brazilian democratization, citizenship and rights, State and PPs, participation and social control. The central object of investigation is to understand and to evaluate the participatory dynamics and the exercise of social control in the context of contradictory confluence of the democratic pro-cesses and of the structural adjustments due of the reformulation of the Brazilian state. The theoretical-analytic basement supports itself in authors, such as: Karl Marx, Boaventura San-tos, IstivÃn MÃszaros, Zigmund Baumam, Pierre Bourdieu, Antonio Gramsci, Gilberto Freyre, SÃrgio Buarque de Holanda, Florestan Fernandes, GlÃria Gohn, Luciana Tatagiba, Elenaldo Teixeira, Alba Carvalho, Lea Carvalho. The evaluative research is outlined from a qualitative and critical-analytical approach and constitute in a case study with the using of type ethno-graphic techniques, using the followings research instruments: observations, field diary rec-ords, opened/closed forms and groups with the advisors. The methodological sketch covers the characterization of the sociopolitical profile of the subject advisors that compose the sys-tem of social control of the SER V, the comprehension of the dynamic running of the CRS V from the entanglement of the plurality of their looks, the explicitation of the boundaries, di-lemmas, contradictions and possibilities of the performance recognizing the evaluative pro-cess as results of the interpretations of the evaluator and the positions of the different subjects evaluated. In conclusive terms, the study says, in a more structural way, that the social recon-figuration and neoliberal politics reveal a trend to undermine the spaces of collective repre-sentation and of social control. Nevertheless the CRS V dawn in the advisor system of health of Fortaleza with autonomy and independence from the regional government, showing be possible the viability of exercise of social control in the local SUS, presents itself more like strategic space, with potential and defiant in face of the govern actions and less as an effective place of social control and strengthening civil society. Moreover the Council firm up as legit space that format political contexts, instance receiving complaints and promoting accuntabil-ity in SER V, which contributes to press for the implementation of political health care in line with the principles and guidelines of SUS.

O presente trabalho teve, por objetivo principal, analisar a remoção de sulfato em águas de drenagem ácida de minas em dois tipos de reatores anaeróbios, um com crescimento granular (UASB) e outro com biomassa aderida (RAHLF). Estudos anteriores publicados na literatura apresentam resultados positivos quanto ao tratamento anaeróbio de drenagem ácida de minas, entretanto, na maioria deles, é aplicado um tratamento preliminar à água residuária antes do tratamento principal. Esse trabalho avaliou a operação de reatores anaeróbios sem prévio tratamento da drenagem ácida sob diferentes variáveis. Para o reator anaeróbio horizontal de leito fixo (RAHLF), foram analisadas as variáveis relação DQO/\'SO IND.4\'POT.2-\', correção do pH afluente, carga de sulfato aplicada e a recirculação da fase líquida. Os resultados mostraram que a redução da carga de sulfato aplicada foi o fator determinante para os bons resultados de remoção, encontrados ao longo da operação dos reatores (70% de remoção de sulfato e 75% de remoção de DQO). A relação DQO/\'SO IND.4\'POT.2-\' também foi importante e quando utilizada a relação estequiométrica de 0,67, a eficiência de remoção de sulfato atingiu níveis superiores a 70% com pequeno acúmulo de ácido acético no efluente. Para a operação do reator anaeróbio de manta de lodo (UASB), as variáveis analisadas foram o volume da manta de lodo, a relação DQO/\'SO IND.4\'POT.2-\', a carga de sulfato aplicada e a recirculação da fase líquida. Como para o RAHLF, a redução da carga de sulfato aplicada foi essencial para o melhor funcionamento do UASB. A relação DQO/\'SO IND.4\'POT.2-\' de 1,0 promoveu melhora na eficiência do reator, quando comparada à relação estequiométrica e a recirculação no reator só foi positiva quando realizada com água de abastecimento, tendo o reator entrado em colapso quando a recirculação foi realizada com o efluente tratado. / The main objective of this work was to evaluate the sulfate removal from acid mine drainage in two types of anaerobic reactors, one with a granular sludge (UASB) and another with immobilized biomass (HAIB reactor). Previous published studies have showed positive results for the anaerobic treatment of acid mine drainage, however, in most of them, it was applied a pre-treatment operation. This study evaluated the operation of anaerobic reactors without pre-treatment of the acid mine drainage under different parameters. The parameters COD/\'SO IND.4\'POT.2-\' ratio, correction of affluent pH, sulfate loading and recirculation of the liquid phase were tested for horizontal-flow anaerobic immobilized biomass (HAIB) reactor. The results showed that the decrease in the sulfate loading was a determining factor for the successful sulfate removal found throughout the operation of the reactors. The COD/\'SO IND.4\'POT.2-\' ratio was also important and the removal efficiency of sulfate reached levels above 70% with a small accumulation of acetic acid in the effluent when using stoichiometric ratio of 0.67. For the operation of the upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor, the parameters were the volume of the sludge blanket, the COD/\'SO IND.4\'POT.2-\' ratio, the sulfate loading and the recirculation of the liquid phase. Similarly ti the HAIB reactor, reducing the sulfate load was essential for obtaining better results. The COD/\'SO IND.4\'POT.2-\' ratio of 1.0 showed a improved sulfate removal efficiency for the UASB reactor when compared to stoichiometric ratio at 0.67 ant the recirculation in this reactor was only positive when carried out with tap water. The UASB reactor collapsed when recirculation was carried out whit the treated effluent.

Stephan Groetzner is a contemporary German writer whose book So ist das is said to be mysterious— the novel surprises with its conciseness as well as the mix of an unusual, almost poetic form and a simple syntax. It thus opens the doors to various interpretations. The thesis deals with the question if the brief and concise language in So ist das influences the development of the narrative elements time and space. Furthermore, it canvasses the consequences its influence might have when it comes to genre attribution. The essential theories for the discussion are Shlomith Rimmon-Kenan's Narrative Fiction, Scott McCloud's Understanding Comics as well as Nicole Mahne's Transmediale Erzähltheorie, with a narratological perspective on time and space. Moreover, literary-historical works like Andrew Thacker's The Imagist Poets, Yoshinobu Hakutani's Haiku and Modernist Poetics, Bertram Müller's Absurde Literatur in Rußland as well as Albert Camus' The Myth of Sisyphus play a decisive role in the analysis. The goal of this thesis is to bring the unique style of a rather unknown contemporary writer from Germany into the context of other art forms like comics, haiku, imagism and absurdism, and to discuss what kind of outcomes the conciseness might have, regarding its influence on the narrative elements time and space as well as on the genre attribution.