The following study examines whether the initialisation (multipole expansions at the finest level) and evaluation of the numerical method Fast Multipole Method (FMM) can benefit from implementing SSE instructions. The implementation of SSE-instructions have been studied and compared to the serial case. Moreover, studied parts of the algorithm include arithmetics on complex numbers, and the usage of applying SSE instructions to complex numbers of double precision. In conclusion, the initialisation has not experienced any improvement in terms of throughput by appliying SSE instructions. However, the evaluation reached almost the double speed-up when SSE instructions were applied. The difference in results are most likely due to the structure of the both algorithms. The initialisation is simple, but the evaluation which involves more operations can benefit from SSE instructions. Furthermore, a scheme is proposed for how SSE instructions can be applied to data sets which are not divisable by the unroll factor and to data sets of varying size.

This diploma thesis deals with the topic of development of Chinese stock markets and their connection to the stock markets in the USA. The primary purpose of this research is to investigate, through a historical analysis, this rather untraditional development. The other objective of this study is to clarify the reasons of such a fast development and, with the help of results of other used analyses, assess to what extent the following stock markets are influenced by each other. This part of the study focuses mainly on the development of mutual dependence between the Shanghai and the New York stock market and on predictions of the future development of Chinese stock markets, using several other economic variables of the USA markets. This diploma thesis also aims to analyze the position of China in holding of American bonds, as well as to define the motives of their purchase and describe the possible impacts of their sudden sale by the Chinese government.

This work deals with two basic operations over finite automata. Determination of nondeterministic finite automata and minimization of deterministic finite automata. For these two operations I proposed sequential algorithms that are parallelizable. I deal mainly with finding the speedup of SSE instructions, or use the OpenMP library. The trend today is mainly in increasing the number of processors, so I propose parallel algorithms for multiple processors. When searching for the optimal solution, I will be to examine other ways to achieve speedup, for example efficient saving of the data structures in memory.

Modern web-applications often need to be able to handle multi-window views that are dynamically synchronized depending on user input, as well as continuous and rapid data transfer between the client and the server. The WebSocket protocol has seen widespread industry use when it comes to bidirectional, real-time communication. However, its inherent security flaws make the prospect of other adequate alternatives highly relevant. SSE combined with XHR is a technology that has been overlooked by developers due to the shortcomings of the HTTP/1.1 protocol regarding efficiency. However, the HTTP/2 protocol expands upon and streamlines the core features of HTTP/1.1 while also providing full-duplex functionality. The introduction of the HTTP/2 protocol has given rise to speculations regarding a potential comeback for SSE as a viable contender for the WebSocket protocol. The aim is to evaluate whether the combination of SSE and XHR over HTTP/2 could be an equally or more efficient alternative to the WebSocket protocol for real-time data synchronization between multiple web-application views. This is done through the design and creation of two proof-of-concepts supported by the theoretical foundation established by conducting a literature review. The literature in this area indicates a lack of existing research concerning SSE over HTTP/2. The proof-of-concepts has produced empirical data, consisting of average data transmission times, that points to SSE/XHR performing as well as, if not better than the WebSocket counterpart. The results confirm that a combination of XHR and SSE over HTTP/2 is an adequate alternative to WebSockets within the scope of this study.

L'arrivée de Hitler au pouvoir et la mise en œuvre de la politique du IIIème Reich provoquent l'arrivée en France de plusieurs vagues successives de réfugiés provenant d'Allemagne et de tous les pays nouvellement conquis par le nazisme. Lyon, véritablecitadelle contre l'obscurantisme, allait s'élever comme un rempart pour les protéger et venir en aide aux nouveaux arrivants, parmi lesquels les Juifs.Le 26 août 1942, 1016 juifs étrangers, entrés en France après le 1er janvier 1936, des dix départements de la Région de Lyon, situés en zone dite libre, avaient été arrêtés et dirigés au camp de Vénissieux, situé dans la proche banlieue de Lyon, par les forces de police et de gendarmerie françaises afin d'être livrés par Vichy à l'occupant nazi. En utilisant la couverture de l'Amitié Chrétienne et grâce au soutien des membres résistants des services de Vichy, des combattants sans armes et de toutes obédiences, qui avaient déjà entrepris d'autres actions de sauvetage et qui se connaissaient, participèrent au travail de la commission de criblage de Vénissieux afin de plaider chaque dossier des internés dans un sens favorables aux exemptions.Trois jours plus tard, le 29 août 1942, 545 d'entre eux ont été conduits à la gare de St Priest pour être livrés à l'occupant en vue de leur déportation à Auschwitz tandis que les 470 restants viennent d'être libérés dont une centaine d'enfants, et prennent le chemin de la liberté. Ceux que nous avons pu retrouver nous livrent le récit de cet épisode tragique.L'affaire emblématique de Vénissieux restera dans l'histoire de la Shoah en France comme la plus grande opération de sauvetage entreprise dans un camp en France. Elle a été le résultat d'une conjonction d'éléments favorables saisis avec brio par les meilleurs du sauvetage, des résistants sans arme membres des œuvres charitables de toutes confessions qui agirent de concert avec Gilbert LESAGE du Service des Etrangers (SSE) et sous le couvert de l'Amitié Chrétienne avec l’appui du Service Social d'Aide aux Etrangers (SSAE), en coopération avec des membres de l'œuvre de Secours aux Enfants (OSE) et avec le soutien des Eclaireurs Israélites de France (EIF), du Consistoire, des rabbins. / The arrival of Hitler to power and the installation of the policy of the 3rd Reich lead to the arrival in France of several successive waves of refugees coming from Germany and all the countries conquered by the Nazis. Lyon, a real citadel against obscurantism , was going to rise like a rampart to protect them and come to the rescue of the newcomers, among them the Jews.On August 26th, 1942, 1016 foreign Jews, who arrived in France after January 1st, 1936, of the ten departments of the area of Lyon, located in the so called "free zone", had been arrested by the French police and sent to the Vénissieux camp, located in the outskirts of Lyon, in order to be handed over to the nazi occupant.Under the cover of the Christian Friendship and thanks to the help of the resistant members inside the Vichy regime, fighters without weapons and of all denominations, who had already undertaken other rescue actions and who knew each other, took part in the screening commission in Vénissieux, in order to save as many internees as possible. Three days later, on August 29th, 1942, 545 prisoners where led to the train station of St Priest, handed over to the occupant and deported to Auschwitz, while 470 others, among which 100 children, and set off to freedom.The survivors we could find after the war, gave us the account of this epic. Still, the emblematic case of Vénissieux, will remain in the history of the Shoah in France. It was the result of an environment of favourable elements seized with brilliance by the best of the rescuers, unarmed partisans, members of charitable organisations of all faiths who acted in liaison with Gilbert LESAGE from the SSE ( Service des Etrangers ) and under the cover of the Christian Frienship together with the SSAE (Service Sociald’Aide aux Etrangers), in cooperation with members of the OSE (Oeuvre de Secours aux Enfants ) and the help of the Eclaireurs Israélites de France, the Consistoire and rabbis.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(理学) / 甲第22874号 / 理博第4640号 / 新制||理||1667(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院理学研究科地球惑星科学専攻 / (主査)准教授 西村 卓也, 教授 久家 慶子, 教授 宮﨑 真一 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Science / Kyoto University / DGAM

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.

Optimizing rendering is one of the greatest challenges faced by game developers. Most game engines make use of hardware rendering which uses technology specifically built for rendering. Before such hardware existed, game developers had to rely on the CPU to render their games. This is known as software rendering. Software rendering is not commonly used nowadays but has been seen in cases such as a backup for when the end users machine does not support the hardware based renderer of the application. Since the CPU is not purposely built for rendering, unlike the GPU, the developer has to perform optimizations to make the renderer more efficient in terms of speed. In this thesis, we present an approach which is a subset of parallel programming called Single Instruction, Multiple Data. This technique operates on vector based registers which means operations can be performed on multiple pieces of data at once. This is applied to an already built game engine in order to optimize its rendering. The results show a speed-up of 90.5% and a framerate increase from 30 frames per second to 133 frames per second within the rendering routine.

The large influx of international students to universities of the developed world, the increased use of Problem-Based method of teaching and learning in the field of Health Education and growing awareness of the need to accommodate varying learning styles in any classroom are the three factors that influenced this research. This study was designed to investigate the effect of learning styles and demographic differences on performance in Biology when taught using two different methods of teaching. One was the teacher-directed Traditional Teaching and Learning (TTL) and the other was the student-centred Problem-Based Learning (PBL). The preferred learning styles of all Foundation Studies (FS) Biology students over four academic years at RMIT were determined using the Paragon Learning Style Inventory (PLSI). These students were taught two selected topics in Biology by the researcher using the two different methods and their performance assessed by a written test at the end of each topic. Two instruments were developed to assess student participation in PBL. The first instrument Students' Participation in Group Discussions (SPGD) rating scale was designed for teacher evaluation of student participation in PBL group discussions while the second instrument the Student Self Evaluation (SSE) rating scale was for self-evaluation by stud ents. Individual interviews provided students' views and opinions about their learning styles and the two teaching methods. The analysis of data was predominantly conducted by quantitative methods, supported by qualitative analysis of the interview data. Effect size analyses were used to investigate differences in performance under the two teaching methods on the basis of demographic and learning style differences. Further probes were conducted to elicit any interactions among the demographic variables and the learning style traits in their effect on performance under the two teaching methods and a quantitative measure for interaction was derived using effect sizes. While results confirmed some of the trends displayed by learning style traits in other disciplines, a number of interactions among variables were found to affect performance in Biology as well as performance under the two teaching methods. Gender, age, prior qualification and the language of instruction of prior education had various levels of interactions with the introvert/extrovert, intuitive/sensing, thinking/feeling and perceiving/judging learning traits and affected performance in Biology to varying extents. However, it was found that international students from diverse backgrounds were able to cope with both methods of teaching though there was a definite preference expressed for the traditional teacher directed method. The conclusions from this study have resulted in a number of recommendations for Biology educators, FS administrators, authors and all practitioners of PBL. Several suggestions have opened new avenues for future research. These recommendations for pedagogy and suggestions for future research can improve the outcomes of Biology education as well as other disciplines in related fields. As a consequence of this study two new instruments have been developed to assess student participation in the group discussions of PBL. These could prove to be valuable assessment tools for practitioners of this methodology.

La comparaison de séquences est une des tâches fondamentales de la bioinformatique. Les nouvelles technologies de séquençage conduisent à une production accélérée des données génomiques et renforcent les besoins en outils rapides et efficaces pour effectuer cette tâche. Dans cette thèse, nous proposons un nouvel algorithme de comparaison intensive de séquences, explicitement conçu pour exploiter toutes les formes de parallélisme présentes dans les microprocesseurs de dernière génération (instruction SIMD, architecture multi-coeurs). Cet algorithme s'adapte également à un parallélisme massif que l'on peut trouver sur des accélérateurs de type FPGA ou GPU. Cet algorithme a été mis en oeuvre à travers le logiciel PLAST (Parallel Local Alignment Search Tool). Différentes versions sont disponibles suivant les données à traiter (protéine et/ou ADN). Une version MPI a également été mise au point pour un déploiement sur un cluster de PCs. En fonction de la nature des données et des technologies employées des accélérations de 3 à 20 ont été mesurées par rapport à la référence du domaine, le logiciel BLAST, pour un niveau de qualité équivalent.