Diss. (sammanfattning) Göteborg : Göteborgs universitet, 2008. / Härtill 9 uppsatser. Titel på omslag och spikblad börjar: "On the influence of ..."

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 1998. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 156-171). Available also in a digital version from Dissertation Abstracts.

Thesis (M.S.) -- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 2005. / Embargoed. Vita. Bibliography: 33-36.

<h2>Abstract</h2><p><strong>Title: </strong>Anabolic Androgenic Steroids – An analysis of how AAS is portrayed in Swedish media.</p><p><strong>Author: </strong>Jens Sundén</p><p><strong>Tutor: </strong>Philip Lalander</p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong>AAS, Anabolic steroids, social problems, media, drug abuse, gender</p><p>The purpose of this study was to investigate how Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) are portrayed and described in the media, how AAS is constructed as a social problem, and how society in a social context uses knowledge and power for disciplinary and educational means. The study is based on the perception of AAS as a constructed social problem and analyzes the discourses surrounding AAS depicted in three Swedish newspapers. The sample was prepared on the basis that it represents different aspects of daily Swedish press. The method used in the paper is a discourse analysis with social constructivism and gender as theoretical tools used to analyze the sample material. An important conclusion of the analysis is that the use of AAS is a socially constructed problem, which incorporates both a stereotyped, aggressive male individual who desires an ideal body, and the use of AAS defined as an illegitimate abuse by society. Another important aspect of the analysis is how gender roles are highlighted in the sample and how these from a gender perspective are used to perpetuate male superiority and female subordination in society.</p>

<p>This is a study about gym training young men (age 18-20) and their attitude against anabolic androgenic steroids, AAS. In our study we examine if the muscular ideal in our society have any effect on young men and the young men’s attitude against their body and their training. We want to find out what attitude gym training young men have against AAS, and also what has had the influence to this attitude.</p><p>         The study contains six qualitative performed interviews with young men who are training at the gym, which are based on relevant information about their training habits, nutritional supplement, influence, the muscular ideal, the gym culture and medias effect on young men when it comes to body ideals.  </p><p>         The young men’s attitudes is connected and compared to prior research about gym-training young men and what affects them to have a certain attitude against AAS, body and training. In our study we also use a theory by Giddens about social interaction and the late modern society we live in. </p><p>         The conclusions of the result and analysis is that young men who trains at the gym for the purpose of getting bigger and in relation to the training takes nutritional supplements, have a more liberal attitude against AAS compared to those young men who doesn’t. Media, friends, equals at the gym and the gym culture are all factors that affect young men in their positive attitude in opposition to AAS.</p>

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Montana, 2007. / Title from title screen Description based on contents viewed Oct. 12, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 151-177).

Orientador: Roberto de Oliveira Roça / Resumo: Foram avaliados quatro protocolos da vacina Valora® (Ceva) para verificar a eficiência da vacina e diferenças na resposta produtiva, características de carcaça e qualidade da carne de suínos imunocastrados em relação aos castrados cirurgicamente. O total de 60 suínos machos, híbridos, alojados em baias individuais, foi dividido em cinco grupos (n = 12): animais castrados cirurgicamente (CC), vacinados com 8 e 19 semanas (V1); vacinados com 8 e 21 semanas (V2); vacinados com 8 e 23 semanas (V3) e vacinados com 8 e 24 semanas (V4) com delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado. Os parâmetros peso, consumo de ração, conversão alimentar e rendimento de carcaça foram avaliados e, na véspera do abate, foram colhidas amostras de 4mL de sangue para mensurar a concentração sérica de LH e testosterona. No frigorífico foram avaliados peso e dimensões dos testículos. Após o resfriamento das carcaças, foram colhidas amostras do Musculus longissimus thoracis para as análises de qualidade da carne, incluindo a sensorial, e da gordura perianal para mensurar a concentração de escatol e androstenona. Nas condições do estudo, não foram detectadas diferenças entre os suínos castrados e imunocastrados, nem entre os protocolos de imunocastração para os parâmetros produtivos. Também não foi detectada diferença entre os tratamentos para o odor sexual e qualidade final da carne. Dessa forma, os protocolos de imunocastração determinaram resultados semelhantes à castração no desempenho, caracte... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Four Valora ® (Ceva) vaccine protocols were evaluated to verify vaccine efficacy and differences in the productive response, carcass characteristics and quality of the meat of pigs immunocastrated in relation to those surgically castrated. A total of 60 male pigs, hybrids, housed in individual pens were divided into five groups (n = 12) animals surgically castrated (CC), vaccinated with 8 and 19 weeks (V1); vaccinated at 8 and 21 weeks (V2); vaccinated at 8 and 23 weeks (V3) and vaccinated at 8 and 24 weeks (V4) with a completely randomized experimental design. The parameters weight, feed intake, feed conversion and carcass yield were evaluated and, on the eve of slaughter, samples of 4mL of blood were collected to measure the serum concentration of LH and testosterone. In the slaughterhouse were evaluated weight and dimensions of the testicles. After cooling of the carcasses, samples of the Longissimus thoracis muscle were collected for meat quality analyzes, including sensory analysis, and perianal fat to measure the concentration of escatol and androstenone. Under the study conditions, no differences were detected between castrated and immunocastrated pigs nor between the immunocastration protocols for the productive parameters. There was also no difference between treatments for sexual odor and final meat quality. Thus, immunocastration protocols determined results like castration in performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality. This is the first ever study to ev... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:30:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2006-09-29Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:40:13Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 ribeiro_k_dr_jabo.pdf: 876100 bytes, checksum: b597a24953597a3c3b054ab257922bbb (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / O presente trabalho realizou o estudo dos aspectos estruturais do hepatopâncreas, ovários e da caracterização hormonal de fêmeas de Macrobrachium amazonicum, nos diferentes estágios de maturação gonadal. Para tanto utilizaram-se 150 fêmeas adultas subdivididas entre os cinco diferentes estágios de maturação ovariana. Após serem capturados os animais foram pesados e mortos por choque térmico. Ovários e hepatopâncreas foram coletados e pesados individualmente para obtenção dos índices gonadossomático (IGS) e hepatossomático (IHS). Para as análises de microscopia de luz e eletrônica de transmissão, ovários e hepatopâncreas foram fixados em solução de Karnovsky e seguiram os procedimentos de rotina de inclusão. Os ovários, hepatopâncreas e hemolinfa destinados à quantificação hormonal foram armazenados em ependorfes e preservados em nitrogênio líquido a -70ºC, para posterior processamento de radioimunoensaio visando avaliação das concentrações de estradiol, progesterona e testosterona. Os resultados relacionados ao IGS e IHS demonstram uma correlação inversa entre os ovários e o hepatopâncreas nos diferentes estágios de maturação gonadal. Em relação ao desenvolvimento ovariano, observa-se a distribuição de cinco tipos celulares ao longo dos cinco estágios de maturação gonadal. Desta forma encontram-se as ovogônias ou células germinativas mais jovens no estágio I de maturação ovariana. As células pré-vitelogênicas, observadas a partir do estágio II, apresentam vesículas de retículo endoplasmático rugoso. Essas vesículas são importantes nas fases de vitelogênese endógena e exógena. Os ovócitos em vitelogênese inicial, característicos do estágio III, apresentam a deposição de vitelo endógeno. As células em vitelogênese avançada, próprias do estágio IV de maturação gonadal, são o alvo principal da vitelogênese... / This study described the structural aspects of the hepatopancreas and ovaries, and the hormonal features of females of the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium amazonicum, during the reproductive cycle. The specimens were captured and killed by thermic chock. The gonadosomatic (GSI) and hepatosomatic (HSI) indices were calculated as the percentage of the weight of the gonad and hepatopancreas to total body weight, respectively. Ovaries and hepatopancreas were fixed in Karnovsky solution and destined to light and ultrastructural microscopy studies. Small portions of the ovary, hepatopancreas and hemolymph were frozen in liquid nitrogen, for later steroid quantification (estradiol, progesterone and testosterone). The relationships between GSI and HSI demonstrate an inverse correlation between ovary and hepatopancreas during the maturation cycle. The oocytes distribution is variable depending on the ovarian maturation degree. The ovary in stage I consists of oogonia. The ovary in stage II consists mainly by previtellogenic oocytes that possess vesicles of the endoplasmic reticulum. These vesicles are important to endogenous and exogenous vitelogenesis. Initial vitellogenic oocytes are mainly observed in the ovary in stage III and possess vitelline reserve, called as endogenous vitelogenesis. Ovary in stage IV is composed of late vitellogenic oocytes that uptake exogenous vitellogenin. Mature oocytes present a corion formation. The hepatopancreas is composed by tubules that are lined by a pseudostratified epithelium, which consists of five cell types, identified as E (embryonic), F (fibrillar), B (blisterlike), R (resorptive) and M (basal). These cells present relationships with digestion and nutrient storage, which are very important for the reproductive processes ...(Complete abstract, click electronic access below)

A manipulação neonatal promove alterações neuroendócrinas e comportamentais em ratos. Os efeitos conhecidos deste procedimento não são observáveis após gonadectomia neonatal e antes da instalação da puberdade, sugerindo que os hormônios esteróides gonadais modulam os efeitos da manipulação neonatal. Este trabalho teve como objetivo investigar uma possível modulação dos efeitos da manipulação neonatal sobre comportamentos e a resposta ao estresse da PRL e do LH. O efeito da manipulação neonatal sobre a atividade noradrenérgica no PVN induzida por estresse também foi avaliada. A manipulação neonatal consistiu em manipular os filhotes do 1° ao 10° dia de vida. Os animais foram estudados na idade adulta. No experimento 1, o comportamento no campo aberto e as respostas da PRL e do LH ao estresse por contenção foram analisados em ratos e ratas nas fases do diestro, proestro e estro. No experimento 2, os animais nãomanipulados e manipulados foram submetidos à gonadectomia fictícia, gonadectomia e gonadectomia seguida de reposição hormonal de testosterona nos machos e estradiol nas fêmeas. Três semanas após as cirurgias, o comportamento no campo aberto e as respostas da PRL e do LH ao estresse foram realizados. No experimento 3 ratos machos e fêmeas em diestro foram subdivididos em basal e estresse. As concentrações plasmáticas de PRL foram determinadas por radioimunoensaio e os conteúdos de NA e MHPG foram determinados através de detecção eletroquímica. Ratos machos manipulados permaneceram mais tempo nos quadrantes centrais e ratas apresentaram aumento da duração de locomoção no campo aberto ao longo do ciclo estral. A gonadectomia em ratos machos e fêmeas manipulados reduziu a duração de locomoção no campo aberto e em ratas reduziu a freqüência de entrada nos quadrantes centrais. A manipulação neonatal reduziu a resposta da PRL e do LH ao estresse em ratos machos. Em ratas na fase do estro foi observada uma menor resposta da PRL ao estresse quando comparadas às ratas nãomanipuladas na fase do estro. O mesmo ocorreu com a resposta do LH ao estresse em ratas manipuladas nas fases do proestro e do estro. A redução da resposta da PRL ao estresse em ratas manipuladas foi observada apenas em ratas submetidas à ovariectomia fictícia. Ratas manipuladas não apresentaram aumento da razão MHPG/NA no PVN após aplicação do estresse. Os efeitos da manipulação neonatal sobre comportamentos em ratos machos e fêmeas e sobre a resposta da PRL ao estresse em fêmeas parecem depender da presença de hormônios esteróides gonadais. A ciclicidade dos hormônios esteróides gonadais durante o ciclo estral influencia os efeitos da manipulação neonatal sobre a resposta da PRL e do LH ao estresse em ratas. A manipulação neonatal reduz a responsividade do sistema noradrenérgico ao estresse em fêmeas. / Neonatal handling promotes neuroendocrine and behavioral changes in rats. Known effects of this procedure are not perceived after neonatal gonadectomy and before puberty, suggesting that gonadal steroids hormones modulate the effects of neonatal handling. The objective of this work is to investigate a possible modulation of the neonatal handling effects in behaviors and the stress response of PRL and LH. The neonatal handling effect over noradrenergic activity in PVN induced by stress was also evaluated. Neonatal handling consisted in handling pups from the 1º to the 10º day of life. Animals were studied in adult age. In experiment 1, the behavior in open field and the PRL and LH responses to stress through restraint were analised in male and female rats in diestrus, proestrus and estrus phases. In experiment 2, non-handled and handled animals were submitted to sham gonadectomy, gonadectomy and gonadectomy followed by testosterone hormonal replacement in males and estradiol hormonal replacement in females. Three weeks after surgery, open field behavior and PRL and LH responses to stress were conducted. In experiment 3 male and female rats in diestrus were grouped in basal and stress. PRL plasm levels were determined through radioimmunoassay and NA and MHPG contents were determined through electrochemical detection. Handled male rats remained more time in central squares and female rats showed an increase in locomotion duration in open field through estral cycle. Gonadectomy in male rats and handled females reduced locomotion duration in open field and in female rats reduced the frequency in central squares. Neonatal handling reduced PRL and LH response to stress in male rats. In the estrus phase of female rats was observed a lower PRL response to stress when compared to non-handled female rats in estrus phase. The same happened with LH response to stress in female handled rats in proestrus and estrus phases. The reduction in PRL response to stress in handled female rats was observed only in female rats submitted to sham ovariectomy. Handled female rats do not showed increase in MHPG/NA quocient in PVN after stress application. Neonatal handling effects over behaviors seems to depend of the gonadal steroids hormones presence. The cycling of gonadal steroids hormones during estral cycle influences the effects of neonatal handling over PRL and LH response to stress in female rats. Neonatal handling reduces the responsivity of the noradrenergic system to stress.

O presente trabalho descreve o estudo fitoquímico de Dracontium loretense Krause, que ocorre na Amazônia, e, a planta é popularmente usada no tratamento de picada de cobra e de algumas moléstias. O material para a análise fitoquímica foi coletado na selva baixa situada nos arredores de Pucallpa, no Departamento de Ucayali, no Perú. Os rizomas secos e moídos forneceu, após extração com hexano, etanol e etanol aquoso, os respectivos extratos. Estes, submetidos a partição com solventes orgânicos e fracionamentos cromatográficos dos resíduos das fases resultantes, permitiram o isolamento de constituintes apoiares ou semi-polares como sitosterol, estigmasterol, ácido p-hidróxi-benzóico, sitosterol acil-glicosilado, 7-oxo-sitosterol acil-glicosilado e uma mistura de compostos acil-glicosilados. As frações polares foram acetiladas antes do fracionamento, possibilitando o isolamento de uma mistura de carboidratos com predominância de etil-glicosídeo acetilado. A elucidação estrutural das substâncias isoladas foi baseada em métodos espectrométricos: EM, RMN de 1H e de 13C. Os compostos acilados foram hidrolizados e os ácidos graxos resultantes metilados antes de serem submetidos a análise no sistema CG-EM. Os testes biológicos foram realizados com as frações apoiares e polares dos extratos para avaliar a atividade anti-edematogênica. Estes ensaios empregam o veneno de Bothrops atrox (jararaca). Os testes mostraram que ambas as frações inibiam o edema, entretanto com a diferença que a resposta é mais acentuada nas frações polares. / This work describes phytochemical analysis of an araceous species Dracontium loretense, which occurs in Amazon Region and is popularly used the against snakebite and treatment of some diseases. The plant material was collected in the lowland situated around Pucallpa, Ucayali State, Peru. The dried and milled rhizomes were sucessively extracted at room temperature with hexane, alcohol and diluted alcohol, yielding respective extracts after solvent distillation. The solvent partitions and chromatographic separations of extracts afforded sitosterol, stigmasterol, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, sitosterol- and 7-oxo-sitosterol acyl-glucosylated and a mixture of acyl-glucosylated compounds. The polar fractions were acetylated before the purification and the isolation through cromatographic techniques yielded a mixture -of peracetylated carbohydrates and the 2,3,4,6-tetra-acetyl-1-ethyl glucoside. Structure determination of isolated compounds was based on usual spectrometric techniques as Mass Spectrometry and 1H and 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. The natural acylated compounds were submitted to hydrolysis and t-he resulting fat acids were methylated, before submissuion foranalysis on Gas Chromatograph-Mass spectrometer system. Evaluation of anti-edematogenic activity using Bothrops atrox venom was carried out with polar and apolar fractions. It was observed that polar fractions showed higher edema inhibition property.