Background: The exponential increase in user equipment (UE) units within mobile networks necessitates more efficient Massive MIMOalgorithms. To address this demand, integrating artificial intelligence (AI) into various network aspects is gaining traction. Goal: This thesis explores the feasibility of employing a lightweight convolutional neural network (CNN) to optimize port selection in single-usermultiple-input multiple-output (SU-MIMO) networks. Port selection, a critical component of all forms of MIMO networks, determines theoptimal ports on a UE for data transmission. The objective is to enhance selection speed, reduce computational complexity,and minimize memory consumption. Method: The methodology involves a quasi-experiment where a CNN model, trained on data transfer logs between a basestation and a UE, specifically a mobile phone, is compared with a self-implemented version of the port selection algorithm utilised in Ericssonbase stations. The evaluation criteria include time-, computational-, and spatial complexity. The accuracy of the port selection capabilities of themodels is also recorded. Results: Despite the complexity of the CNN models, the results indicate subpar performance and low test accuracies.This suggests that achieving satisfactory performance would either necessitate an increased model complexity and size or that a convolutionalneural network is not the correct choice for replacing the algorithm. Conclusion: In conclusion, the thesis finds that a lightweight CNN may not be the optimal solution for port selectionoptimization in SU-MIMO networks. However, it suggests potential avenues for further research to explore alternative approaches to this task. / Bakgrund: Den exponentiella ökningen av användarutrustning (UE-enheter) inom mobila nätverk kräver mer effektiva massive MIMO-algoritmer.För att möta detta behov har intresset för att integrera artificiell intelligens (AI) i olika delar av de modila nätverkan ökat mer och mer. Mål: Denna avhandling utforskar möjligheten att använda ett lättviktigt konvolutionellt neuralt nätverk för att optimera port selection i single usermultiple-input multiple-output (SU-MIMO) nätverk. Port selection, en viktig komponent i alla former av MIMO-nätverk, avgör de optimala portarna på enUE för dataöverföring. Det slutliga målet är att förbättra valhastigheten, minska beräkningskomplexiteten och minimeraminnesanvändningen, jämfört med den nuvarande algoritmen som används på Ericsson basstationer. Metod: Metodiken innefattar ett kvasiexperiment där en CNN-modell, tränad på dataöverföringsloggar mellan en basstation och en UE, specifikt enmobiltelefon, jämförs med en egenimplementerad version av portvalsalgoritmen som används i Ericssons basstationer. Utvärderingskriterierna inkluderartids-, beräknings- och rumskomplexitet. Även noggrannheten i portvalsmodellerna mätes. Resultat: Trots den komplexa naturen hos modellerna indikerar resultaten undermålig prestanda och låga testnoggrannheter.Detta antyder att för att uppnå tillfredsställande prestanda antinge skulle kräva en ökad modellkomplexitet och storlek, eller att ett konvolutionelltneuralt nätverk inte är den optimala lösningen för att ersätta den nuvarande algorithmen. Slutsats: Slutligen konstaterar avhandlingen att ett konvolutionellt neuralt nätverk inte är den optimala lösningen för optimering av port selectioni SU-MIMO-nätverk, då ett lättviktigt sådant inte kan uppnå en acceptabel prestanda. Dock föreslår den potentiella riktningar för vidare forskningför att utforska alternativa tillvägagångssätt för denna uppgift.

Doctor of Philosophy / Electrical and Computer Engineering / Sanjoy Das / Quantum circuit synthesis is one of the major areas of current research in the field of quantum computing. Analogous to its Boolean counterpart, the task involves constructing arbitrary quantum gates using only those available within a small set of universal gates that can be realized physically. However, unlike the latter, there are an infinite number of single qubit quantum gates, all of which constitute the special unitary group SU(2). Realizing any given single qubit gate using a given universal gate family is a complex task. Although gates can be synthesized to arbitrary degree of precision as long as the set of finite strings of the gate family is a dense subset of SU(2), it is desirable to accomplish the highest level of precision using only the minimum number of universal gates within the string approximation. Almost all algorithms that have been proposed for this purpose are based on the Solovay-Kitaev algorithm. The crux of the Solovay-Kitaev algorithm is the use of a procedure to decompose a given quantum gate into a pair of group commutators with the pair being synthesized separately. The Solovay-Kitaev algorithm involves group commutator decomposition in a recursive manner, with a direct approximation of a gate into a string of universal gates being performed only at the last level, i.e. in the leaf nodes of the search tree representing the execution of the Solovay-Kitaev algorithm. The main contribution of this research is in integrating conventional optimization procedures within the Solovay-Kitaev algorithm. Two specific directions of research have been studied. Firstly, optimization is incorporated within the group commutator decomposition, so that a more optimal pair of group commutators are obtained. As the degree of precision of the synthesized gate is explicitly minimized by means of this optimization procedure, the enhanced algorithm allows for more accurate quantum gates to be synthesized than what the original Solovay-Kitaev algorithm achieves. Simulation results with random gates indicate that the obtained accuracy is an order of magnitude better than before. Two versions of the new algorithm are examined, with the optimization in the first version being invoked only at the bottom level of Solovay-Kitaev algorithm and when carried out across all levels of the search tree in the next. Extensive simulations show that the second version yields better results despite equivalent computation times. Theoretical analysis of the proposed algorithm is able to provide a more formal, quantitative explanation underlying the experimentally observed phenomena. The other direction of investigation of this research involves formulating the group commutator decomposition in the form of bi-criteria optimization. This phase of research relaxed the equality constraint in the previous approach and with relaxation, a bi-criteria optimization is proposed. This optimization algorithm is new and has been devised primarily when the objective needs to be relaxed in different stages. This bi-criteria approach is able to provide comparably accurate synthesis as the previous approach.

Ce document présente les étapes de fabrication ainsi que la caractérisation d'un coupleur optique composé de deux guides d'ondes d'indice de réfraction éloigné. Le guide d'ondes avec le plus fort indice de réfraction est en Silicium (Si) d'indice de réfraction de 3,44 et celui de plus faible indice est fait de SU-8(TM) dont l'indice de réfraction est de 1,565. La principale caractéristique du coupleur est sa géométrie. Le couplage se fait par une approche progressive des deux guides d'ondes. Le guide d'onde de SU-8(TM) progresse vers le guide de Si en empruntant un rayon de courbure constant dans la zone de couplage pour finalement superposer le guide de Si lorsque les parcours optiques sont parallèles. Par l'approche progressive, le transfert optique se fera de façon adiabatique. Une étude numérique a montré qu'il était possible d'atteindre un coefficient de couplage de plus de 30%. Bien que les résultats expérimentaux ne soient pas aussi encourageants, ils montrent la présence non négligeable de couplage.

Actuellement, plusieurs types de photodétecteurs sont disponibles sur le marché. Leurs performances se caractérisent notamment par la réponse spectrale, le courant d'obscurité, le rapport signal sur bruit, le rendement quantique et le temps de réponse. L'émergence de nouvelles applications nécessite des photodétecteurs de plus en plus sensibles, afin de pouvoir détecter de très faibles niveaux de radiation, voire de pouvoir compter des photons un par un. Ce travail de thèse s'intéresse aux moyens de réalisation de nanopixels pour la détection de faibles niveaux de lumière visible, en utilisant l'absorption dans des nanocristaux de silicium. Après avoir discuté de l'influence de la réduction des dimensions sur les propriétés électroniques et optiques du silicium, ainsi que de l'utilisation du blocage de Coulomb pour la photodétection, nous présentons un procédé de fabrication et d'isolation de nanopiliers contenant des nanocristaux de silicium dans une matrice d'oxyde de silicium. Les caractéristiques électriques des nanopixels intégrant ces nanocristaux ont permis de mettre en évidence les phénomènes de piégeage de charges dans les îlots, ainsi que leur contribution aux mécanismes de transport. Nous présentons finalement une première étude des propriétés électro-optiques des nanopixels qui ont été caractérisés par des mesures de photocourant.

Ce travail de thèse s'inscrit dans une thématique pluridisciplinaire qui regroupe des domaines comme la dynamique des structures, le biomimétisme, les technologies de réalisation de microsystème et l'aérodynamique. Le but de ce travail est de progresser dans la conception et la réalisation d'un microsystème à ailes résonantes à l'échelle de l'insecte en utilisant des technologies issues des microsystèmes. Des concepts sont développés dans cette thèse. En particulier, l'obtention d'un battement de grande amplitude par l'utilisation de la résonance de l'aile et la rotation de l'aile de façon passive. Des prototypes ont été réalisés en utilisant le polymère SU-8 dont les caractéristiques mécaniques sont proches de celles d'une aile d'insecte. Cette structure a été mise en vibration an de génerer de la portance mais n'a pour l'instant pas été capable de se propulser dans les airs. Les concepts d'aile résonante et de torsion passive ont toutefois pu être validés. Une étude plus spécique de simulation de vibration en grands déplacements a été menée et un premier modèle élément ni est proposé. Les questions d'amortissement des ailes dans l'air sont également traitées en vu de pouvoir poursuivre l'étude et différencier les efforts aérodynamiques de l'amortissement propre à la structure. Nous disposons d'un outil expérimental pour étudier à l'échelle de l'insecte la cinématique des ailes et les effets aérodynamiques.

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Magistro darbo objektas – kūrybiškumas ryšių su visuomene organizacijų kontekste. Darbo tikslas – išanalizuoti kūrybiškumo pasireiškimą individualiame, grupės ir organizacijos lygmenyse ir ištirti jo svarbą ryšių su visuomene veiklos praktikoje. Pagrindiniai uždaviniai: išsiaiškinti kūrybiškumo sampratą ir požiūrius į kūrybiškumą; išanalizuoti, kas lemia individualų ir grupinį kūrybiškumą, bei identifikuoti faktorius, sudarančius kūrybiškumui palankią aplinką organizacijoje; apibrėžti kūrybiškumo ir ryšių su visuomene veiklos sąsajas; atlikus kūrybiškumo Lietuvos ryšių su visuomene organizacijose tyrimą, išsiaiškinti darbuotojų kūrybiškumą organizacijoje skatinančius ir slopinančius veiksnius. Pagrindiniai tyrimo metodai – tai teorinėje dalyje panaudota literatūros analizė ir sintezė bei praktiniame tyrime panaudotas ekspertų apklausos metodas. Mokslinės literatūros analizė atskleidė, kad kūrybiškumo fenomenas gali būti suprantamas įvairiai: kaip gebėjimas originaliai išspręsti problemą, kaip asmenybės savybė arba kaip procesas. Kūrybiškumas yra siejamas su organizacijos sėkme, nes kūrybiški darbuotojai sugeba pasiūlyti originalių idėjų, sukurti originalių produktų ar paslaugų. Individualų darbuotojo kūrybiškumą labiausiai veikia jo vidinė motyvacija, o grupinis kūrybiškumas priklauso nuo socialinio konteksto. Organizacijos kultūra, klimatas ir vadovo vadovavimo stilius taip pat gali paskatinti arba slopinti darbuotojų viduje slypintį kūrybiškumo potencialą. Atliktas tyrimas... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The relevance of the topic is proved by increasing popularity of public relations use in various business sectors. Companies are becoming more open to the public and increasingly seek to communicate with it. Living in a rapidly evolving information age, public relations professionals are confronted with the problem - the dissemination of messages does not always reach the target audiences, as there are too many media reports. Most reports in the media are being overlooked and not affected by the audience, because there are too common, obvious, and such that might have been expected. However, the implementation of creative public relations programs can quickly reach the public and be accepted with greater interest. The increasing development of digital technology provides more tools and channels for public relations specialists, but creativity is necessary for the effective use of all that. To exploit their creative potential, public relations professionals must understand the nature of creativity, what factors affect it and how to increase creative potential in every worker. The subject of this Master thesis is creativity in public relations organizations. The objective of this thesis is to overview the occurrence of creativity in an individual, group and organization level and to understand its importance in practice of public relations. Main tasks are: to clarify the concept and different approaches to creative; analyze the factors that determine individual creativity and... [to full text]

Magistro darbo objektas – viešoji diplomatija kaip šalies vardo garsinimo priemonė. Darbo tikslas – išanalizuoti viešosios diplomatijos taikymą valstybės žinomumui didinti ir nustatyti, kiek sėkmingos buvo LR Prezidento institucijos pastangos garsinti šalies vardą pasitelkus istorinį įvykį. Darbo uždaviniai: išnagrinėti viešosios diplomatijos sąvokos reikšmę ir viešosios diplomatijos vietą tarp kitų su valstybės populiarinimu susijusių priemonių; nustatyti, kuo viešoji diplomatija gali pasireikšti kaip šalies garsinimo priemonė; nagrinėti, kokias galimybes turėjo LR Prezidento institucija siekdama garsinti šalies vardą per Lietuvos vardo tūkstantmečio šventę, ištirti, kokias viešosios diplomatijos priemones taikė LR Prezidento institucija, nustatyti, kiek sėkmingos buvo LR Prezidento institucijos viešosios diplomatijos priemonės siekiant populiarinti valstybės vardą. Naudojantis mokslinės literatūros analizės metodais, kiekybine ir kokybine turinio analize bei kokybinio ekspertų interviu metodais prieita prie išvados, kad valstybės žinomumui didinti viešoji diplomatija, kaip strategija, kuria valstybių valdžios atstovai siekia paveikti užsienio valstybių piliečius, taikoma per viešumą. Viešumui pasiekti pasitelkiamos priemonės, kurios yra orientuotos į žiniasklaidą. Tokios priemonės vadinamos „pseudo-įvykiais“, kai pasitelkus simbolius sukuriamas įvykis, galintis sudominti žiniasklaidą. Toks įvykis buvo ir Lietuvos vardo tūkstantmečio šventė, kurioje dalyvavo trylikos... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Means through which states promote their names have first been called propaganda, later public diplomacy, and nowadays these notions are often replaced with the concept of public relations. Yet the ways of promoting a country's name abroad by means of public diplomacy have not been widely analysed, therefore it merits research. The aim of this Master thesis is to analyse the application of public diplomacy for increasing knowledge about a country by analysing one case, i.e. the efforts of the Presidency of the Republic of Lithuania to promote the country's name in the context of an historical event. The objectives are the following: to analyse the notion of public diplomacy and its importance vis-à-vis other means of popularising a country; to analyse what possibilities to promote the country's name the Lithuanian Presidency had during the celebration of the millennium of Lithuania's name, which of those were actually applied, and how successful they were. The following research methods were applied: analysis of scholarly literature; quantitative as well as qualitative content analysis; and an expert interview. The conclusion has been reached that, in the case analysed, the Lithuanian Presidency actively applied public diplomacy, taking measures oriented at publicity through mass media. In particular, the strategy of a "pseudo-event" was chosen, when using symbols an event is created in order to attract media attention. Such an event was the ceremony of celebrating the... [to full text]

Magistro darbo objektas – ryšių su visuomene ir socialinės žiniasklaidos santykis. Darbo tikslas – išanalizuoti ryšių su visuomene ir socialinės žiniasklaidos santykį bei aptarti ryšių su visuomene veiklos perspektyvas. Remiantis keturių metų patirtimi ryšių su visuomene srityje, analizuojant mokslinę literatūrą ir tyrimo rezultatus prieita prie išvados, jog socialinė žiniasklaida atveria naujas galimybes ryšių su visuomene veiklai ir pretenduoja tapti dominuojančia ryšių su visuomene veikla. Magistro darbe socialinės žiniasklaidos kontekste tyrinėjami šiuo metu vykstantys pokyčiai tarpasmeninėje ir organizacijų komunikacijoje, klasikinėse komunikacijos teorijose, tradicinėje žiniasklaidoje ir ryšių su visuomene srityje. Organizacijos socialinės žiniasklaidos sąlygomis netenka turėtos žinutės, laiko ir kanalų kontrolės, tačiau daugybės naujų internetinių komunikacijos priemonių dėka joms atsiveria niekada neturėtos galimybės bendrauti su savo publikomis tiesiogiai. Tradicinė žiniasklaida šiandien ne tik yra priversta prisitaikyti prie technologinių, socialinių ir rinkos pokyčių, bet ir įgauna stiprią konkurentę – socialinę žiniasklaidą. Nors šios žiniasklaidos labai skirtingos, organizacijos ir ryšių su visuomene specialistai jas vertina kaip lygiaverčius komunikacijos kanalus su publikomis. Naujai susiklosčiusi situacija palengvina ryšių su visuomene specialistų darbą – ne tik keičia tradicinės žiniasklaidos požiūrį į juos, bet ir suteikia naujas betarpiško bendravimo su... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The object of the study – the relationship between public relations and social media. The goal of the study – to analyse the relationship between public relations and social media and to discuss the perspectives of the public relations practice. In the context of the social media, the study analysis shifts in interpersonal and corporate communications, classical massive communication theories, traditional media and public relations. Nowadays in the presence of social media, organizations are loosing control of the message, timing and channels, but, on the other hand, they are gaining a huge variety of online tools to communicate with their publics directly. Traditional media today is experiencing technological, social and market changes. More over it faces a new competitor – social media. Those two medias are very different, but organizations and public relations professionals concider them as equivalent communication channels with the publics. This new situation makes the work of public relations professionals easier – traditional media is changing its attitude to them and social media offers much simplier and immediate reach of the journalists. Public relations professionals are still responsible for the esablishment of real relationships and for creation of the content, more over, today a lot of new opportunities are open for them. This changes the specifics of their work and the importance of their role in the marketing communication mix. The qualitative research – a... [to full text]

Master of Science / Department of Apparel, Textiles, and Interior Design / Sherry J. Haar / This study was based on the concept of slow design, proposed after the slow food movement. The idea of slowing down production processes and increasing product quality and value suggests an antidote to the fast cycle of the fashion industry. Slow design supports two principals, inheriting tradition and maintaining eco-efficiency, which guided this project. Inheriting tradition is an expression that explores ways to sustain lost art and traditional heritage in our daily lives, as well as develop products that establish personal meaning for the consumer. Maintaining eco-efficiency of product production involves utilization of eco-friendly materials and sustainable approaches to aid in developing a healthier and cleaner ecosystem. The overall goal of this design research was to celebrate and sustain the spiritual and material civilization of the Chinese culture by creating a modern artistic interpretation of Chinese traditional arts using an environmentally conscious approach that was applicable to apparel design. This research created modern surface design on a group of garments from traditional Chinese Su Xiu embroidery, physical resist techniques, and natural dyes. This practice-based research utilized the paradigm of naturalistic inquiry to guide the stages of this project. A progressive design process was adopted in response to the unexpected events in the final artifact development. In the design exploration stage, a color library was created to provide the color story for the final artifacts. Basic Su Xiu embroidery stitches and traditional physical resist techniques were sampled with selected flosses and fabrics. Various samples were critiqued and analyzed to develop three unique techniques from characteristics of traditional Chinese Su Xiu embroidery, physical resist techniques (Zha Jiao, Feng Jiao, pole- wrapping, and Jia Xie), using natural dyeing techniques with woad and madder. Natural dye findings included using madder to overdye woad to adjust or reverse colors and that woad overpowered the effects of iron and acid premordants. The outcome resulted in a water-inspired series of three garments that showed evidence of simplified traditional techniques with reduced production time, energy, and dyeing material while encompassing elements of traditional art using a modern aesthetic. The designs and process were presented in a public exposition.