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Les micro et nanoparticules magnétiques sont de plus en plus utilisées en biologie et en médecine, pour une large gamme d'applications. Plusieurs applications utilisent le piégeage et le guidage de ces billes sous l'effet d'un champ et d'un gradient de champ magnétique. Dans la plupart des applications, le champ magnétique est macroscopique, créé par un aimant ou un électro-aimant. L'intégration plus poussée est souvent envisagée, dans les articles scientifiques, par des microbobines ou par des éléments magnétiques doux. Ceux-ci doivent alors être polarisés par un champ externe (de nouveau, un électroaimant ou un aimant).Les micro-aimants mis au point à l'Institut Néel permettent d'obtenir les mêmes inductions que les meilleurs aimants du marché et, par conséquent, de par la réduction d'échelle, des gradients de champ intenses et donc des forces volumiques très conséquentes. Ils sont, de plus, favorables à l'autonomie et à la stabilité du système.Ce travail propose d'utiliser ces micro-aimants pour des applications en diagnostic In Vitro afin de tirer parti des forces volumiques importantes issues des micro-aimants et de la facilité d'utilisation de telles sources de champ magnétiques pour l'utilisateur.Ces premières constatations nous ont permis de mettre un place un test de type ELISA en une seule étape. Grâce à ces avantages, il a été possible d'utiliser des nanoparticules magnétiques à la place des classiques microparticules comme rapporté dans l'état de l'art. Ces nanoparticules, fonctionnalisables par des anticorps permettent entre autre d'augmenter le rapport surface sur volume phénomène très favorable à la sensibilité des tests de diagnostic In Vitro. De plus, les nanoparticules étant de petite taille, il est possible d'augmenter fortement leur concentration et de favoriser ainsi la capture de ces particules par les micro-aimants grâce à un mécanisme d'interaction fluide/particule et in fine la cinétique du test.Un autre avantage des micro-aimants permanents est la possibilité de contrôler le champ magnétique sur des distances micrométrique. Cela ouvre la voie à des tests de diagnostic sans lavage, simples et sensibles. Enfin, tous ces avantages ont été combinés à ceux de la microfluidique pour permettre l'émergence de test portables tout en restant efficaces. Pour cela l'autonomie intrinsèque aux micro-aimants permanents sera un avantage incontestable. / The range of applications for magnetic micro- and nanoparticles is constantly expanding, in particular in medicine and biology. A number of applications involve particle trapping and deviation under the effect of a magnetic field and field gradient. In most publications, the required magnetic fields are produced either using soft magnetic elements polarized by an external magnetic field, electromagnets or bulk permanent magnets.Micromagnets produce high fields and favor autonomy and stability while downscaling leads to an increase of field gradients and consequently increase strongly the forces.Micromagnets developped at the Neel Institute produce magnetic induction as good as the best macro-magnets. Therefore, thanks to scale reduction laws, high field gradients and therefore intense forces can be obtained. Moreover, these magnets can easily be integrated in micro systems such as BioMEMS.The purpose of this work is to use these micromagnets to develop in vitro immunoassays.. An innovative system based on superparamagnetic nanoparticles attraction by micromagnets was developed in order to perform a “one step” ELISA.Nanoparticles can be functionalized with antibodies, increasing the surface/volume ratio, and therefore the test sensitivity. Thanks to their small size, the nanoparticles concentration can be increased, and a fluid/particles interaction optimizes their capture by the micromagnets. This phenomena is favorable to immunoassay's kinetics.A micrometric control of the magnetic field is possible thanks to micromagnets: this allows to design simple and sensitive immunoassays that need no washing steps. Finally, these properties combined to microfluidics is used to design of point of care and sensitive immunoassays.

Low-dimensional magnetic systems are of interest due to several new effects and modifications that occur at sizes below the average domain grain boundary within the bulk material. Molecule-like magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles, with sizes ranging from one to two nm were synthesized and characterized in order to investigate new properties arising from quantum size effects. These small systems will provide opportunities to investigate magnetism of zero-dimension systems. A zero-dimensional object is usually called a quantum dot or artificial atom because its electronic states are few and sharply separated in energy, resembling those within an atom. Since the surface to volume ratio is the highest for zero-dimensional systems, most of the changes to magnetic behavior will be observed in ultra-fine magnetic particles. Chemically functional magnetic nanoparticles, comprised of a Fe3O4 magnetite core encased in a thin aliphatic carboxylate, have been prepared by sequential high temperature decomposition of organometallic compounds in a coordinating solvent. In this work, aliphatic carboxylic acid chain length, reaction temperature and duration were varied to produce small core diameters. In order to correlate size effects with changes in particle formation, it is important to have a through understanding of the structural components. This includes studies of the core size, surface effects, decomposition, electronic properties and magnetic behavior. Quantum size effects were observed in the (Fe3O4)X(carboxylate)Y monolayer protected clusters (MPCs) when the average core diameter was ≤ 2.0 nm, evidenced by a blue shifted absorbance band maxima, suggesting the onset of quantum confinement. These (Fe3O4)X(carboxylate)Y MPCs also posses a complex interplay between surface and finite size effects, which govern the magnetic properties of these zero-dimensional systems. These MPCs are all superparamagnetic above their blocking temperatures with total magnetic anisotropy values greater than the bulk value due to an increase in surface and magnetocrystalline anisotropy. A non-linear decrease in saturation magnetization (MS) [Bohr Magneton] per cluster) as a function of the reciprocal of core radius have been attributed to surface effects such as a magnetically inactive layer or an increase in spin disorder as core diameter decreases. The reduced core dimensions of these MPCs make them ideal candidates for further investigation of quantum magnetic systems.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:33:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:03:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Dissertação (Mestrado) / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-03T15:15:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 BrunoFA_DISSERT.pdf: 1242758 bytes, checksum: 3fd41c76d37384c7bc0008cfd31e4a64 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-08-05 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / The calcium ferrite (Ca2Fe2O5) has a perovskite-type structure with oxygen deficiency and is used as a chemical catalyst. With the advent of nanoscience and nanotechnology, methods of preparation, physical and chemical characterizations, and the technological applications of nanoparticles have attracted great scientific interest. Calcium nanostructured ferrites were produced via high-energy milling, with subsequent heat treatment. The milling products were characterized by X-ray diffraction, magnetization and M?ssbauer spectroscopy. Samples of the type Ca2Fe2O5 were obtained from the CaCO3 and Fe2O3 powder precursors, which were mixed stoichiometrically and milled for 10h and thermally treated at 700?C, 900?C and 1100?C. The M?ssbauer spectra of the treated samples were adjusted three subespectros: calcium ferrite (octahedral and tetrahedral sites) and a paramagnetic component, related to very small particles of calcium ferrite, which are in a superparamagnetic state. For samples beats in an atmosphere of methyl alcohol, there is a significant increase in area associated with the paramagnetic component. Hysteresis curves obtained are characteristic of a weak ferromagnetic-like material / A ferrita de c?lcio (Ca2Fe2O5) possui uma estrutura do tipo perovskita com defici?ncia de oxig?nio e ? utilizada como catalisador qu?mico. Com o advento da nanoci?ncia e da nanotecnologia, os m?todos de prepara??o, as caracteriza??es f?sicas e qu?micas, e as aplica??es tecnol?gicas de nanopart?culas t?m despertado grande interesse cient?fico. Ferritas de c?lcio nanoestruturadas foram produzidas via moagem de alta-energia, com subsequente tratamento t?rmico. Os produtos da moagem foram caracterizados por difra??o de raios X, magnetiza??o e espectroscopia M?ssbauer. Amostras do tipo Ca2Fe2O5 foram obtidas a partir dos p?s-precursores Fe2O3 e CaCO3, os quais foram estequiometricamente misturados e mo?dos por 10h e tratados termicamente a 700 C, 900 C e 1100 C. Os espectros M?ssbauer das amostras tratadas foram ajustados com tr?s subespectros que correspondem ? ferrita de c?lcio (s?tios octaedrais e tetraedrais) e a uma componente paramagn?tica, relacionada com part?culas muito pequenas da ferrita de c?lcio, as quais est?o em estado superparamagn?tico. Para as amostras batidas em atmosfera de ?lcool met?lico, observa-se um aumento significativo da ?rea associada ? componente paramagn?tica. As curvas de histerese obtidas s?o caracter?sticas de um material antiferromagn?tico com uma fraca componente ferromagn?tica.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:33:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:03:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / A nanociência e a nanotecnologia vêm abrindo inúmeros desenvolvimentos de dispositivos e sistemas em escala nanométrica, com novas organizações moleculares, propriedades e funções distintas. Nesse contexto, as nanopartículas magnéticas poliméricas são compósitos formados por materiais magnéticos com tamanhos de partículas entre 1 e 100 nm combinados com polímeros funcionais. São materiais bem conhecidos e têm sido amplamente estudados devido às suas aplicações em diversas áreas tecnológicas. Nas áreas biológica e médica, as aplicações incluem separação e imobilização de enzimas e proteínas, melhoria nas técnicas de imagem de ressonância magnética para diagnóstico e sistemas de liberação controlada de fármacos. Neste trabalho, proteínas foram imobilizadas na superfície de um biopolímero combinado com partículas superparamagnéticas de magnetita para formar o compósito magnético. Utilizou-se o biopolímero quitosana, reticulada e funcionalizada com glutaraldeído, aplicável em ensaios biológicos. Obtiveram-se 3 tipos de compósitos magnéticos, os quais foram nomeados QM1Glu, QM2NaGlu e QM3Glu. Foram caracterizados por difratometria de raios X, microscopia eletrônica de varredura, magnetometria de amostra vibrante, calorimetria exploratória diferencial, termogravimetria e espectroscopia por infravermelho. Foram avaliados quanto à imobilização das proteínas albumina de soro bovino (SAB), colágeno e tripsina. A imobilização das proteínas no biopolímero ocorreu em 30 min de incubação. O compósito magnético de quitosana não funcionalizada (QM3) também foi avaliado. Para a tripsina verificou-se que QM3 apresentou maior potencial de imobilização do que QM3Glu. Após 30 dias, QM3-Trip e QM3Glu-Trip ainda apresentavam a tripsina ativada. Foram demonstradas a atividade e a cinética enzimática da QM3Glu-trip com o substrato BApNA. / Dissertação (Mestrado) / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP

Dans les dernières années, la miniaturisation progressive des dispositifs de stockage magnétique a rendu nécessaire de comprendre comment les propriétés physiques sont modifiées par rapport à l'état massif lorsque les dimensions sont réduites à l'échelle nanométrique. Pour cette raison, une méthode précise de préparation et caractérisation de nanostructures est extrêmement importante. Ce travail se concentre sur les propriétés magnétiques et de transport de nanoparticules de cobalt incorporées dans des matrices de cuivre. Notre dispositif expérimental nous permet de contrôler indépendamment la taille moyenne des agrégats, la concentration et la composition chimique. La production des agrégats de cobalt est basée sur la pulvérisation cathodique et l'agrégation dans la phase gazeuse. Cette source permet de produire des agrégats dans une large gamme de taille, de un à plusieurs milliers d'atomes. Dans un premier temps, nous avons étudié le rôle des interactions entre particules dans les propriétés de transport et magnétiques, en augmentant la concentration des nanoparticules de cobalt (à partir de 0.5 % à 2.5 % et 5 %). Nos résultats démontrent les précautions nécessaires et constituent une base solide pour de futures études sur les propriétés spintroniques des systèmes granulaires. Dans le but de décrire les propriétés magnétiques intrinsèques d'agrégats, nous avons préparé des échantillons fortement dilués (_0.5%) pour différents diamètres d'agrégats de 1.9 nm à 5.5 nm. Nous avons constaté que les propriétés magnétiques sont dépendantes de la taille. L'utilisation d'une caractérisation magnétique complète, sensible à la variation de l'anisotropie magnétique efficace, nous montre que l'anisotropie magnétique est dominée par les contributions de la surface ou de la forme des nanoparticules / In the last years, the progressive miniaturization of magnetic storage devices has imposed the necessity to understand how the physical properties are modified with respect to the bulk when the dimensions are reduced at the nanometric scale. For this reason an accurate method of preparation and characterization of nanostructures is extremely important. This work focuses on the magnetic and transport properties of cluster-assembled nanostructures, namely cobalt nanoparticles embedded in copper matrices. Our setup allows us to independently control the mean cluster size, the concentration and the chemical composition. The cobalt cluster production is based on magnetron sputtering and gas phase aggregation. The performance of the source permits a wide range of cluster masses, from one to several thousand atoms. As a first step we studied the role of inter-particle interactions in the transport and magnetic properties, increasing the cobalt nanoparticle concentration (from 0.5% to 2.5% and 5%). Our results demonstrate the necessary precautions and constitute a solid basis for further studies of the spintronic properties of granular systems. Finally, in order to describe the intrinsic magnetic properties of cluster-assembled nanostructures, we prepared strongly diluted samples (_0.5%) for different cluster sizes from 1.9 nm to 5.5 nm. We found that the magnetic properties are size-dependent. Using a complete magnetic characterization, sensitive to the change in the effective magnetic anisotropy, we show that the magnetic anisotropy is dominated by the contributions of the surface or of the shape of the nanoparticles

Orientador: Marco Antonio Bica de Moraes / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Fisica Gleb Wataghin / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-18T19:35:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fischer_GiovanaZaniniGadioli_D.pdf: 32265979 bytes, checksum: f410dfb24adff86c43498027515957c8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: Neste trabalho, a técnica de magnetron-sputtering foi empregada para fabricar filmes multicamadas de Gd/W e Gd/Cr, cujas propriedades magnéticas foram investigadas em função da espessura das camadas de Gd, dGd, e da temperatura do substrato, TS, durante a deposição. Espectroscopia de retroespalhamento Rutherford e espectroscopia fotoeletrônica de raios-x foram utilizadas, respectivamente, para detectar possível contaminação de oxigênio e para verificar a continuidade da camada de Gd sobre W e Cr. Difratometria de raios-X de baixo ângulo (GAXRD) e microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) foram empregadas para investigar a estrutura cristalina e morfologia das amostras. As análises de GAXRD mostraram que nas amostras Gd/W as camadas de Gd são amorfas. Nas amostras Gd/Cr, entretanto, a cristalinidade do Gd aumenta com o aumento de dGd e TS. Pelas medidas de MEV foi visto que os filmes de Gd tanto sobre W quanto Cr são granulares. Para investigar as propriedades magnéticas utilizamos um magnetômetro SQUID e um PPMS. O primeiro foi utilizado para as medidas de momento magnético em função do campo estático, Hdc, e da temperatura, T. O PPMS foi utilizado nas investigações de susceptibilidade magnética ac em função de T, medidas em diferentes frequências de oscilação do campo e diferentes Hdc. A complexa natureza magnética dos filmes com dGd = 10 nm foi observada através das isotermas M x H, que não apresentaram saturação, para a maioria das amostras, nem mesmo em baixas temperaturas e altos campos. Pela análise dos dados magnéticos em função da temperatura, observamos que o caráter ferromagnético nas amostras se acentua à medida que TS e dGd aumentam. A temperatura de Curie, TC, também depende de TS e dGd, aumenta de 247 a 297 K com o aumento dos dois últimos parâmetros. A partir das isotermas M x H o momento magnético de saturação a 0 K foi calculado, e ele mostrou-se dependente de TS. A existência de vidros magnéticos nas amostras com dGd = 10 nm foi fortemente sugerida pelos resultados obtidos de magnetização e susceptibilidade ac, ambas em função de T. Para filmes com dGd = 10 nm, o efeito magnetocalórico foi investigado através da variação de entropia magnética, ?SM, em função da temperatura, para a remoção de um campo de 50 kOe. Curva de ?SM x T para as amostras Gd/Cr com TS = 300 e 500 ºC exibiram picos a alta temperatura denotando ferromagnetismo. Por outro lado, a amostra Gd/Cr depositada a 30ºC e todos os filme Gd/W não apresentaram nenhum pico em ?SM x T, indicando ausência ou baixa quantidade da fase ferromagnética. Todas as medidas são consistentes em indicar múltiplas fases magnéticas nas amostras e temperaturas de transição. Uma forte consistência entre as medidas magnéticas, GAXRD e MEV é verificada / Abstract: Direct current magnetron sputtering was used to synthetize Gd/W and Gd/Cr multilayer films, whose magnetic properties were investigated as a function of the Gd layer thickness, dGd, and the substrate temperature, TS, during deposition. Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were employed, respectively, to detect possible oxygen contamination and to check the continuity of the coverage of the Gd layers on top of those of W and Cr. Grazing angle X-ray diffraction (GAXRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to investigate the crystalline structure and the morphology of the samples. The GAXRD analyses have shown that in the Gd/W samples the Gd layers are amorphous. In the Gd/Cr samples, however, Gd is crystalline. In these samples, the Gd crystalline order increases with increasing TS and dGd. From the SEM analysis, it was found that the Gd layers in either Gd/W or Gd/Cr samples were granular. To investigate the magnetic properties of the films, SQUID and PPMS magnetometries were used. With the former technique, the magnetic moments of the samples were measured as a function of a dc magnetic field, Hdc, and temperature, T. By PPMS, alternating magnetic fields, superimposed by different Hdc fields were used. The moments were measured as a function of T, Hdc and the frequency of the alternating field. The complex magnetic nature of the films with dGd = 10 nm was observed from the M x H isotherms, which did not show, for most of the samples, saturation even at high magnetic films and low temperatures. From the magnetic data as a function of temperature, it was observed that ferromagnetic character of the samples is enhanced as dGd and TS were increased. The Curie temperature, TC, also depends on TS and dGd as it increases from 247 to 297 K as the latter variables are increased. From the M x H isotherms the saturation magnetic moment at 0 K was determined, and it was observed that it depends on TS. The existence of magnetic glass states in samples with dGd = 10 nm was strongly suggested from both magnetization and ac susceptibility measurements as a function of T. For films with dGd = 10 nm, the magnetocaloric effect was investigated by the magnetic entropy change, ?SM, as a function of the temperature for the removal of a 50 kOe field. The ?SM x T plots for the Gd/Cr samples deposited at TS = 300 and 500 ºC exhibited high temperature peaks denoting ferromagnetism. On the other hand, for the Gd/Cr sample deposited at 30 ºC and for the all the Gd/W samples, such peaks were not seen, indicating the absence, or low-content, ferromagnetic phase. All magnetic measurements are consistent in indicating multiple magnetic phases in the samples and magnetic transition temperatures. A strong consistency among the magnetic and the GAXRD and SEM observations was also verified / Doutorado / Física da Matéria Condensada / Doutora em Ciências

Various nano-fillers can introduce specific functions into polymer and expand their application areas. Myriad properties, such as mechanical, electrical, thermal, or magnetic properties can be combined with original polymer characteristics, including flexible, light weight, and ease of use. These composites can be used to produce multi-functional fibers as the next generation textile or fabrics. In this research, Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) is adopted as the main polymer with different nano-fillers, such as carbon nanotube (CNT), iron oxide nanoparticle, and graphene oxide nanoribbon (GONR). Using gel-spinning technology, PAN-based composite fibers are fabricated in single- or bi-component fibers. Fibers are also characterized for their structure, morphology, mechanical properties, as well as for their electrical, thermal, or magnetic properties. For example, bi-component fibers with polymer sheath and polymer-CNT core as well as polymer-CNT sheath and polymer core are processed. With electrical and thermal conductivity introduced by CNT, such bi-components fibers can be applied for wearable electronics or for thermal management. Joule-heating effect owing to applied electrical current on single component PAN/CNT fibers is also investigated. With controllable electrical conductivity and fiber temperature, this active functional fiber can be applied for temperature regulation fibers or new carbon fiber manufacturing process. Another example is magnetic fiber with superparamagnetic iron oxide nano-particles. These novel magnetic fibers with high strength can be used for actuator, inductors, EMI shielding, or microwave absorption. GONR is also discussed and used to reinforce PAN-based fibers. Several theoretical models are considered to analyze the observed results.

Nanomateriais apresentam propriedades ajustáveis pelo seu tamanho e forma, como o fenômeno de superparamagnetismo em nanopartículas magnéticas ou o confinamento quântico dos portadores de carga em pontos quânticos (quantum dots). Assim, a síntese de nanopartículas esféricas monodispersas torna-se um fator extremamente importante, haja visto que tais propriedades podem ser ajustáveis para diferentes aplicações na área de tecnologia e biomedicina. Nanopartículas magnéticas e quantum dots podem ser apontados como promissores materiais para diagnóstico e terapia de neoplasias (câncer), e o desenvolvimento desses sistemas busca, atualmente, intensificar a magnetização e a eficiência de emissão, respectivamente, relativo às propriedades magnéticas e ópticas, além de outros requisitos. Neste trabalho, nanopartículas esféricas de cobalto metálico foram sintetizadas com diâmetro médio de 5,3 nm e desvio padrão de 0,4 nm, distribuição de tamanhos lognormal. A equação de Langevin modificada pelo modelo de partículas interagentes foi utilizada no ajuste da curva de magnetização M(H) para obtenção do diâmetro magnético médio e desvio padrão, 4,7 nm e 1,0 nm, respectivamente. Comparando os dois diâmetros, encontra-se uma camada morta de magnetização de aproximadamente 3,0 Å a qual, praticamente, não contribui para a magnetização da amostra, sendo a magnetização de saturação de 125 emu g-1. Nanoestruturas core/shell de Co/Au apresentaram a propriedade de ressonância plamon de superfície, uma propriedade adicional também desejada para aplicações biomédicas, sendo este sistema denominado magnetoplasmônico. Quantum dots de CdSe foram sintetizados como elevado controle de tamanho e forma. Utilizando rotas de síntese diferentes dos clássicos procedimentos denominados TOP-TOPO, e dióxido de selênio como precursor, estudos mostraram que na presença de um agente redutor no meio de reação e do solvente 1-octadeceno, as amostras apresentaram melhores propriedades óticas. A estrutura cristalina das amostras de CdSe corresponde à formação da fase blenda de zinco, diferentemente das sínteses TOP-TOPO que levam à formação da fase hexagonal wurtzita. A cinética de crescimento dos quantum dots de CdSe também foram avaliadas através de alíquotas retiras com o tempo de reação mostrando um crescimento exponencial do diâmetro das partículas, como previsto pelas teorias de nucleação e crescimento. Estudos por microscopia de fluorescência mostraram que os quantum dots apresentaram o comportamento de intermitência de fluorescência relatado na literatura como um dos fatores que levam a uma diminuição do rendimento quântico de fluorescência. Nanoestruturas core/shell de CdSe/ZnS foram obtidas com elevado controle da espessura da camada de recobrimento e a intensificação das propriedades de fotoluminescência foram mostradas. Os objetivos do trabalho foram alcançados com sucesso, onde foi possível observar a estabilização e a intensificação da magnetização da fase de cobalto metálico, pouco relatado na literatura. Ainda, foi possível conferir maior estabilidade química, versatilidade de funcionalização da superfície e uma segunda propriedade de ressonância plasmônica com o recobrimento com ouro, sem grande prejuízo da propriedade magnética. Em relação aos sistemas ópticos, os semicondutores de CdSe foram obtidos por nova rota de síntese com expressivo controle de tamanho e forma, recobertos com ZnS intensificando as propriedades ópticas do sistema.  / Nanomaterials properties are size- and shape-controlled, such as the superparamagnetism phenomenon of magnetic nanoparticles or the quantum confinement of charge carriers of quantum dots. Therefore, synthesis of monodisperse spherical nanoparticles became extremely important over the past few deacades, since nanoparticles can be used for plenty of applications in technology and biomedicine. Magnetic nanoparticles and quantum dots are promising materials for diagnosis and therapy of cancer. Spherical nanoparticles of metallic cobalt were synthesized with mean diameter of 5,3 nm and standard deviation of 0,4 nm, lognormal distribution. A modified Langevin equation using the interacting superparamagnetic model was used to fit magnetization curves obtaining the mean magnetic diameter and standard deviation, 4,7 nm and 1,0 nm, respectively. The difference between these two diameters was assigned to the magnetic dead layer (∼3.0 Å), which does not contribute to the sample magnetization, being the saturation magnetization of cobalt nanoparticles around 125 emu g-1. Co/Au core/shell nanostructures were synthesized and the surface plasmon ressonance property was observed, an additional property also desired for biomedical applications, being the Co/Au core/shell system called magnetoplasmonic. CdSe quantum dots were synthesized with high size- and shape-controlled. Using different synthetic routes from the classic TOP-TOPO synthesis, and selenium dioxide as a precursor, the results show that and reducing agent is necessary and 1-octadecene solvent leads to better optical properties. CdSe samples showed a zinc blend (cubic phase) crystal structure, different from TOP-TOPO syntheses that leads to wurtzite structure (hexagonal phase). The growth kinetics of CdSe particles were also evaluated through aliquots from reaction showing exponential growth of particles diameter, as predicted on the theory of nucleation and growth. Fluorescence microscopy studies showed that quantum dots exhibited fluorescence intermittence behavior already reported in the literature as one fo the reasons for the quantum yield decrease. CdSe/ZnS core/shell nanostructures were obtained with high control of the coating layer thickness and the increase of the photoluminescence properties were shown.