The problem involved in this investigation is to determine and evaluate the need of a functional guidance program within the Sanger, Texas, Public School, and to effect an organization which will adequately meet the needs of the students, both individually and collectively.

This study was undertaken in order to improve the human relations in the classroom.

O zika é um arbovírus emergente. Há evidências para a relação entre o zika e a microcefalia congênita e também com a síndrome de Guillain-Barre. Várias características do vírus são importantes, como a persistência do vírus no sêmen por vários meses, transmissão sexual e evidência de transmissão pré-natal. As mães grávidas infectadas com zika podem dar à luz crianças aparentemente saudáveis que podem apresentar manifestações e complicações tardias. Existe uma clara necessidade de diagnosticar e sequenciar amostras clínicas do ZIKV que circulam na América do Sul, especificamente no Brasil. No entanto, as baixas cargas virais observadas que são observadas comumente em amostras humanas constituem um fator complicador para detecção, amplificação e sequenciamento. Neste projeto, propor projetar um fluxo de trabalho otimizado para o sequenciamento completo do genoma com base no pré-enriquecimento por PCR (reação em cadeia da polimerase) e pools de amplicons. / Zika is an emerging arbovirus. There is enough evidence for the relation between Zika and congenital microcephaly and also with the Guillain-Barre syndrome. Several characteristics of the virus are important, such as persistence of the virus in semen for several months, sexual transmission and evidence of prenatal transmission. Zika infected pregnant mothers may give birth to apparently healthy children that may show late manifestations and complications. There is a clear necessity of diagnosing and sequencing clinical samples of ZIKV circulating in South America, specifically in Brazil. Nevertheless, the observed low viral loads that are commonly in human samples constitute a complicating factor for detection, amplification and sequencing. In this project, we aim to design an optimized workflow for full genome sequencing based on pre-enrichment by PCR (polymerase chain reaction) and amplicon pools.

Submitted by Livia Mello (liviacmello@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-10-14T19:44:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseBGR.pdf: 2376550 bytes, checksum: 4ee6a0f02e589ae693965093fa4f2f42 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-11-08T18:48:20Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseBGR.pdf: 2376550 bytes, checksum: 4ee6a0f02e589ae693965093fa4f2f42 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-11-08T18:48:29Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseBGR.pdf: 2376550 bytes, checksum: 4ee6a0f02e589ae693965093fa4f2f42 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-08T18:48:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseBGR.pdf: 2376550 bytes, checksum: 4ee6a0f02e589ae693965093fa4f2f42 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-31 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / The Human Papiloma Virus (HPV) is a Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD) very common in the world. It infects the human epithelium may persisting of asymptomatic form or causing some neoplasia. Many studies report the association between HPV and many kinds of cancer such as: lap utero, anus, penis, vagina and vulva. According to INCA data for the year of 2016 are expected 16.340 new cases of lap utero cancer, being the second most frequent case in the female population in Brazil. For the recognition of the virus, there`s a lots of tracking methods, as morphological test (pap test), that observes cytopathic effects caused by the virus on human cells, suggesting the existence of infection, however this type of test presents low results and has shown high taxes of false negative and positive results. To overcome this problems, countless studies has shown the effect of molecular techniques utilization to increase the sensibility and especially, getting recognize and genotyping the HPV virus. On this recent studies, were tested distinct molecular techniques for typing the HPV virus, as Conventional PCR followed by Sanger Sequencing , Real time PCR (SYBRGreen® e Taqman ®) and Sequencing of New Generation. Altogether were collected 318 samples pf cervix grated, and from this material were collected the DNA using an adapted protocol (POWELL; GANNON, 2002). Using the conventional PCR technique followed by Sanger Sequencing we obtained 65 positives samples for the HPV(21%), in 49 samples(75,3%) it was possible to identify the HPV type, in the other 16 samples(24,7%) it was not possible the identification, probably because the infection was formed for two or more types of the virus. With the real time PCR technique using SYBRGreen®, were accomplished an experimente with 30 samples, which was possible to confirm the results in 28 of it, using Sanger Sequencing. In two samples the results are not confirmed, being possible to positive the sample, showing high sensibility of the real time PCR technique. The methodology of New Generation Sequencing (NGS) it showed useful for HPV identification, being one of the first studies published for routine use. And it has great prospects because besides HPV can identify other microorganisms in the sample and quantifies them as well. / O Papilomavírus humano conhecido como HPV é uma doença sexualmente transmissível frequente em todo mundo, ele infecta o epitélio de seres humanos, podendo persistir de forma assintomática ou causar neoplasias. Diversos estudos relatam a associação entre o HPV (Alto Risco) e diversos tipos de câncer como: colo de útero, ânus, orofaringe, pênis, vagina e vulva. Segundo dados do INCA para o ano de 2016, são esperados 16.340 novos casos de câncer de colo de útero, sendo de maior frequência na população feminina no Brasil. Para a identificação do vírus existem inúmeros métodos de rastreio como testes morfológicos (exame do Papanicolau), que observam os efeitos citopáticos que o vírus provoca nas células sugerindo a existência da infecção, mas este tipo de teste apresenta baixa especificidade e vem apresentando altas taxas de falsos-negativos e positivos. Para contornar estes problemas inúmeros estudos têm demostrando a eficácia da utilização de técnicas moleculares, para aumentar a sensibilidade e especificidade, conseguindo identificar e genotipar o vírus do HPV. No presente estudo foram testadas diferentes técnicas moleculares para a identificação do vírus do HPV como: PCR convencional seguida por sequenciamento Sanger, PCR em tempo real (SYBRGreen® e Taqman®) e sequenciamento de nova geração. Ao todo foram coletadas 318 de amostras de raspado do colo cervical. Deste material foi extraído o DNA utilizando um protocolo adaptado (POWELL, GANNON, 2002). Utilizando a técnica da PCR convencional seguida por sequenciamento Sanger obtivemos 65 amostras positivas para o HPV (21%), destas 49 amostras (75,3%) foi possível identificar o tipo do HPV e em 16 casos (24,7%) não foi possível identificar o vírus, sendo possivelmente uma infecção formada por dois ou mais tipos do vírus. Com a técnica de PCR em tempo real utilizando SYBRGreen® foi realizado um experimento com 30 amostras sendo possível confirma o resultado destas com o sequenciamento Sanger em 28 casos. Em duas amostras os resultados não corroboraram, sendo possível positivar a amostra. Mostrando a maior sensibilidade da técnica de PCR em tempo real. A metodologia de sequenciamento de nova geração (NGS) se mostrou útil para identificação do HPV, demonstrada neste trabalho de maneira inédita. O uso do NGS apresenta boas perspectivas pois além do HPV pode identificar outros microrganismos na amostra e quantifica-los.

<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death and one of the most common cancer types worldwide. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has been shown to be an important therapeutic target in non-small cell lung cancer. Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homologue (KRAS) is a downstream signalling molecule in the EGFR pathway. Lung cancer patients with <em>EGFR </em>mutations respond to tyrosine EGFR inhibitor therapy, in contrast, patients with <em>KRAS </em>mutations do not benefit of such treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study investigates the frequency of <em>EGFR </em>and <em>KRAS </em>mutations in non-small cell lung cancer patients. Fifty-one lung cancer patients with primary non-small cell lung cancer diagnosed between 1995 and 2005 in the Uppsala-Örebro region were analysed by Sanger sequencing and Pyrosequencing to determine the mutation status of these genes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five <em>EGFR </em>mutations were found in four patients (8%), two deletions in exon 19, one point mutation in exon 20 and two point mutations in exon 21. <em>KRAS </em>mutations were found in 12 patients (24%), ten codon 12 mutations and two codon 61 mutations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study confirms previous observations regarding the frequency of <em>EGFR </em>and <em>KRAS </em>mutations in non-small cell lung cancer. Mutations in <em>EGFR </em>and <em>KRAS </em>were mutually exclusive, indicating that both mutations present relevant tumorigenic genomic aberrations.</p>

CADASIL is a neurodegenerative autosomal dominant hereditary disease with late onset. Main symptoms are migraines with aura, cerebral ischemic events, cognitive impairment and dementia. The disease is caused by a mutation in the NOTCH3 gene. The major mutation type changes the number of cysteine residues in the EGF-like repeats of the Notch3 protein. In Czech Republic, currently used methods for molecular genetic analysis of the CADASIL disease are Sanger sequencing and MLPA. But there are patients with CADASIL-like symptoms who were not confirmed by these methods. Therefore, the aim of this thesis was to implement transcript analysis by Sanger sequencing of cDNA PCR products and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) to analyze gross deletions and duplications to clarify the molecular genetic basis of the disease. By transcript analysis, the existence of the transcript variant X1 was experimentally confirmed in control samples. Moreover, the results from transcript analysis showed that non-typical missense mutation c.1725G>A (p.T575=) which does not directly change the number of cysteine residues, can cause the CADASIL disease via missplicing and subsequent causing deletion including cysteine residues. The other tested variants did not show any changes in the transcript level. The qPCR method did not...

No description available.

京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(医学) / 甲第23780号 / 医博第4826号 / 新制||医||1057(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻 / (主査)教授 村川 泰裕, 教授 武藤 学, 教授 滝田 順子 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Medical Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

Palynology or the study of pollen, is essential understand the relationship between plants and their pollinators. Traditionally, pollen grains are identified by microscopy. The method has several shortcomings, such as being time-consuming and having low taxonomic resolution. DNA-barcoding-based sequencing can identify pollen at the genus and species levels without specialized paleontological expertise. Aim of this study is to assess which molecular approach can be the most effective tool and is the most cost-effective for the identification of pollen from mixed pollen samples. A DNA metabarcoding study was conducted using the rbcL barcode gene for pollen identification using two sequencing techniques: Sanger and MinION. DNA metabarcoding produced taxonomic data easily. For the analysis of Sanger and MinION sequencing data, BLAST and KRAKEN2 were used respectively. Pavian and KRONA were later used to visualize the MinION sequencing data. Various plant species native to Sweden were identified with this metabarcoding approach. However, the reference database failed to identify a few of them, thus indicating the need to expand the reference database.

The purpose which guided the writer in the conducting of this study was a desire to determine the existence of any relationships which might be perceptible among such traits and considerations as socio-economic status, popularity at school, general scholastic achievement, and traits of personality as they were found in a group of fifth-grade pupils enrolled in the public school of Sanger, Texas.