引用文獻索引資料庫在Institute for Scientific Information(ISI)建置了Science Citation Index(SCI)與Social Science Citation Index(SSCI)以後，逐漸為學術界所重視，也帶動了傳統商業公司發展引用文獻索引資料庫之風潮，其中又以Science Citation Index-Expanded(SCIE)及後起之Scopus最為人稱道。但由於傳統商業公司對學者及圖書館收費過於高昂，引起學者及圖書館的反動，興起一陣由計畫及少數商業公司所發展，開放存取引用文獻索引資料庫之風潮，其中又以Google公司製作的Google Scholar，及NEC公司隨著計畫建置的CiteSeer最受人注目。 / 本研究採取實作法為研究方法，評比四個引用文獻索引資料庫的檢索介面及檢索細項之優劣。並以美國計算機械學會(ACM)頒發的杜林獎之50位得主為樣本，對SCIE、Scopus、CiteSeer及Google Scholar四個引用文獻索引資料庫進行作者檢索，逐一過濾檢索結果後，針對正確的檢索結果進行分析，比較四個引用文獻索引資料庫內部重複性與完整性，並交叉比對四個引用文獻索引資料庫兩兩比較之重複性、獨特性及完整性，並歸納造成此研究結果之原因。 / 研究結果發現SCIE與Scopus的檢索方式較容易，不會造成使用者太大的負擔，檢索方式也較為多元詳盡，其中又以Scopus的作者檢索使用最方便；而Google Scholar及CiteSeer皆主要利用一簡潔的檢索列，較難精準的檢索出所需資料。收錄資料完整度方面，Google Scholar收錄資料最多元，SCIE則涵蓋最完整之學術資源。交叉比對結果可得知，Google Scholar之資料獨特性最高；CiteSeer之收錄資料完整度最低。此外除了SCIE以外，其他三個引文索引資料庫皆收錄大量的網路資源。此外，美國計算機械學會的出版品則在四個引文索引資料庫中，皆扮演重要角色。 / 根據研究結果，對此四個引文索引資料庫提出建議，希望傳統商業引文索引資料庫能增加索引網路資源，並調整收費政策；開放存取引文索引資料庫應改正其書目著錄格式；希望圖書館能增加對引文索引資料庫使用之推廣，並教導使用者正確利用開放存取引文索引資料庫。 / 引文索引資料庫索引之文獻，已對學術評鑑造成很大的影響。圖書館應實地使用並引導使用者正確的利用引文索引資料庫，及使用網路資源的正確觀念。如此方可協助使用者不在浩瀚之網路資源中迷失。 / After Institute for Scientific Information(ISI) made Science Citation Index(SCI) and Social Science Citation Index(SSCI), Scholars progressively took notice of citation indexing databases. Commercial Companies also had begun to expand citation indexing database like the famous products are Science Citation Index-Expanded(SCIE). However, the commercial companies charged too much for using the database. So it excited the development of open access(OA) citation indexing database, instant of Google Scholar and CiteSeer. / OA means that people can use these citation indexing database for free. This paper aims to adopt comparison as four databases’ retrieval interface, and unique and overlap of documents of the subjects of computing machinery and electrical engineering. The research subjects are composed of OA and traditional commercial citation indexing database in the follow: SCIE, Scopus, Google Scholar, and CiteSeer. Moreover, this research retrieved all documents of Turing award winners in the four citation indexing databases, in order to examine these four citation indexing databases’ unique and overlap. / As a consequence, this study provides the findings as follows : Firstly, traditional commercial citation indexing databases (SCIE and Scopus) have the easier retrieval interface and various searching forms. The Google Scholar collects more multiform resources of retrieval results, and SCIE completed collects scholarly literatures. We make a comparison to find that Google Scholar has much more unique data, but CiteSeer is completely less in four citation indexing databases. Besides SCIE, another three citation indexing databases conclude a large number of internet data. Finally, publications of The Association of Computing Machinery(ACM) play an important role in the four citation indexing databases.

Student affairs professionals work directly with university students in various programs that provide services to these students. From these experiences, they collect daily valuable insights about how to serve students successfully. Yet, in general, they are not publishing about their work even though dissemination of such knowledge through publication could positively impact programs and services across many institutions. My dissertation explored what happens when mid-level student affairs professionals pursue scholarly writing during a structured program intended to help participants produce manuscripts for publication. In working with five professionals in student services at a large urban institution in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States, I learned about participants' identities as scholars as well as which writing strategies they found effective. I worked with participants using case study and action research methodologies and used writing coaching as an intervention to support the tenets of autonomy, competence, and relatedness as defined by Self-Determination Theory. Participants viewed strategies that created a habit of practice that fostered writing to be the most effective. Participants varied in how they viewed themselves professionally along the scholar-practitioner continuum. Leadership can create environments to foster scholarship among student affairs professionals. I give recommendations not only for senior student affairs officers but also for graduate programs in higher education as well as national student affairs organizations to promote research and writing in the profession. Lastly, I share recommendations for further research.

This presentation by the Director of the ARL Office of Scholarly Communication was given at the UBC Library on March 5, 2009, as part of the BC Research Libraries Group Lecture Series. The topic was a field study that she initiated involving the investigation of a range of new models of scholarly publishing and communication valued by scholars. There was a particular focus on works that push the boundaries of traditional formats and are considered innovative by the faculty who use them. The findings were published in November 2008 and titled: Current Models of Digital Scholarly Communication - Results of an Investigation Conducted by Ithaka for the Association of Research Libraries and can be found at http://www.arl.org/bm~doc/current-models-report.pdf.

M.Phil / Citing is the process by which scholars give recognition to research used by another academic researcher. Citation resources are tools used by academic scholars for keeping track of who did what research and the impact of the research within the discipline. Citation analysis is therefore an attempt to measure the impact and contribution of a study to the body of knowledge and research. Citation tracking and citation analysis is facilitated by making use of information resources which specialize in citations and tools for conducting citation analysis. The citation resource by The Institute for Scientific Information (ISI), Web of Science (WOS), was traditionally the citation tool of choice of academics for more than 40 years. The arrival in 2004 of Scopus, a fee-based citation resource, and Google Scholar (GS), a citation resource available for free and accessible via the Web, presented WOS with competition. The prolific growth of the citation resources created new opportunities for academics in citation tracking and citation analysis. The question of which citation resource to use in the process of tracking citations and conducting citation analysis posed a challenge to librarians and information professionals at academic institutions. It became essential to establish which citation resource was not only most relevant to use for which subject discipline, but which was the most cost-effective with the advent of shrinking library budgets. Therefore the need arose for citation resources to be compared with the aim of establishing whether the newcomers Scopus and GS are substitutes for or complementary to the traditional WOS. The objectives of this study included comparing WOS, Scopus and GS in order to determine whether evaluation criteria existed for citation resources, to define scholarly environmental sciences journals within a South African context, to determine which citation resource presented the most comprehensive citation coverage of the South African scholarly environmental sciences journals, to determine whether GS could be considered a substitute for the fee-based citation resources WOS and Scopus, and to determine how the content of the exported data for the journal sample population compared in terms of content completeness and quality. The research study consisted of a detailed literature review, followed by an empirical component using a comparative research design and the technique of purposive non-probability sampling in order to define the sample population for the study. The South African scholarly environmental sciences journals internationally accredited during the period 2004-2008 were chosen as the sample target population. The study consisted of a pilot study and three measuring instruments that were compiled based on the literature review. The results of the macro-level evaluation established that Scopus surpasses both WOS and GS. On the other hand, the micro-level evaluation concluded that WOS surpasses Scopus and GS. The content verification process conducted determined that Scopus and WOS both surpass GS. These findings were presented at the 12th Annual World Wide Web Applications conference in September 2010. The study was able to establish that GS is not a substitute for WOS and/or Scopus for the South African scholarly environmental sciences journals. In addition, it was concluded that GS can be used as a supplementary citation resource to the fee-based citation resources WOS and Scopus. It was further determined that the citation resource Scopus can be considered a substitute for WOS, which was traditionally the citation resource of choice of academic researchers.

The thesis deals with openness in the scientific practice and discusses in detail the concept of open science. Apart from theoretical part dedicated to description of science, traditional model of scholarly communication, and initial ideas of openness, thesis summarizes the approaches of particular open science schools of thought and introduces specific tools, initiatives and methods enabling the idea of openness to become reality. Practical part of thesis focuses on description of current state of open science in the Czech Republic and by using the Future wheel prognostic method offers visualization of the future development in science and society, further specifies possible consequences of implementing the concept of open science into practice and defines opportunities and risks of the second scientific revolution.

In this study an attempt was made to explore the challenges with regard to publications experienced by academic women at three selected Historically Black Universities (HBUs). Although based predominantly within a feminist qualitative metholodogical framework, both qualitative and quantitative research methods were used in this study. Based on the findings of the study, the recommendations illustrated participants' responses. Some of the recommendations illustrated participants' expressed need of staff development with a specific focus on training in publication skills / mentoring and support networks / assistance and support for their publishing venture at both institutional and departmental level and the development of strategies that would assist academic women in 'juggling' their personal and academic roles.

Mit der Sonderausgabe des Newsletters 2/2006 möchte die Universitätsbibliothek ergänzend zum Rundschreiben des Rektors 02/2006 den Angehörigen der TU Chemnitz weitere Informationen zum Thema Open Access (OA) geben. Die Universitätsbibliothek begrüßt den Beschluß von Rektorat und Senat zur Unterstützung von Open Acces an der TU Chemnitz mit dem Wortlaut - Rektorat und Senat der TU Chemnitz fordern die Autoren der Universität nachdrücklich auf, ihre wissenschaftlichen Publikationen als Pre- oder Postprintversion, soweit rechtliche Bedenken der Verlage nicht entgegenstehen, auf dem Publikationsserver MONARCH der TU Chemnitz abzulegen. - Rektorat und Senat ermutigen die Wissenschaftler der TU Chemnitz, in bestehenden Open-Access-Zeitschriften zu publizieren. Gerade die Bibliothek der TU Chemnitz als Dienstleister für Wissenschaftler und Studierende hat die Auswirkungen der Zeitschriftenkrise bitter zu spüren bekommen. Eine drastische Reduzierung des Zeitschriftenbestandes seit Mitte der 90er Jahre ist die Folge. Schon lange beklagen die Wissenschaftler diese Situation. Die Universitätsbibliothek ist der Auffassung, dass langfristig und durch eine weltweite Unterstützung von Open Access diese Entwicklung korrigiert und die Krise im System der wissenschaftlichen Kommunikation überwunden werden kann. Die Etablierung des "Prinzips des offenen Zugangs" setzt jedoch die aktive Beteiligung jedes einzelnen Produzenten von wissenschaftlicher Information voraus. Entscheidend für die erfolgreiche Umsetzung der geplanten Open Access Aktivitäten an der TU Chemnitz ist die Akzeptanz unter den Wissenschaftlern und vor allem deren aktive Unterstützung. / This is a special issue of the library's newsletter. In addition to the rector-circular 02/2006 we would like to give you further information about open access publishing at our university. The library welcomes the joint resolution recently made by the university's rectorate and its senate to support open access publishing at Chemnitz University of Technology. - Rectorate and Senate of Chemnitz University of Technology invite the authors to publish their scientific works as pre- or postprintversion in MONARCH, under attention of the copyright. - Rectorate and Senate encourage the scientists to publish in open access journals. The library as a service provider for scientists and students is confronted with the effects of journal crisis. A dramatically reduction of acquired journal titles is the result. The university library is in the conviction that a long-term and world-wide support of Open Access can corrected and negotiate this development. Therefore is the activity of each individual producer of scientific information important. The acceptance and assistance from our authors is the base for transposition Open Access to the Chemnitz University of Technology.

The pandemic of HIV/AIDS has been felt by nations throughout the world. It is a well-known fact that the AIDS epidemic is catastrophic in sub Saharan Africa, which heads the list of the most affected regions. As the epidemic imposes a strain on the already limited resources, a better understanding of the disease is continuously being sought out. This understanding is enhanced with better information dissemination. The present research aims to assist the information requirements of HIV/AIDS researchers in the country through a bibliometric study. The present study comprised an investigation of the patterns of authorship and publications of academic institutions in the sciences, medical institutions and affiliated organizations in South Africa, focusing on HIV/AIDS literature for the two decade period, 1982-2002. Published literature in the sciences and medicine from three internationally recognised databases were used for the assessment. They were: AIDSearch, lSI Science Citation Index Expanded and MEDLINE (OVID). A total of 2 281 documents formed the basis for the assessment. The results of the study are presented, as are their consequences for researchers and policy makers. Some recommendations are provided for the developers and designers of databases. The results of the study demonstrate exponential growth in the literature as might be expected. Because of the multidisciplinary nature of the disease, research is scattered in a variety of discipline-based journals. Researchers publish mainly in journals and the South African Medical Journal is the most productive in the field of HIV/AIDS. Collaboration in research on the subject is evident. The results also demonstrate that South African researchers are fast becoming internationally recognized in the field of HIV/AIDS research. The Medical Research Council emerged as the leader in South Africa's research efforts on HIV/AIDS. Of the academic institutions, the University of the Witwatersrand is the most productive institution, followed by the University of Natal. / Thesis (M.I.S.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2003.

In this study an attempt was made to explore the challenges with regard to publications experienced by academic women at three selected Historically Black Universities (HBUs). Although based predominantly within a feminist qualitative metholodogical framework, both qualitative and quantitative research methods were used in this study. Based on the findings of the study, the recommendations illustrated participants' responses. Some of the recommendations illustrated participants' expressed need of staff development with a specific focus on training in publication skills / mentoring and support networks / assistance and support for their publishing venture at both institutional and departmental level and the development of strategies that would assist academic women in 'juggling' their personal and academic roles.

Cette thèse en cotutelle a été co-dirigée par Marcello Vitali-Rosati, professeur au département des littératures de langue française de l'Université de Montréal et titulaire de la Chaire de recherche du Canada sur les écritures numériques et par Manuel Zacklad, professeur de Sciences de l'information et de la communication au CNAM et directeur du laboratoire Dicen-IDF. Louise Merzeau, anciennement professeure de Sciences de l'information et de la communication à l'Université Paris Nanterre et co-directrice du laboratoire Dicen-IDF, a initié la co-direction en 2015 avant de nous quitter en juillet 2017. La thèse a été réalisée dans le cadre du labex Les passés dans le présent et a donc bénéficié de l’aide de l’Etat gérée par l’ANR au titre du programme Investissements d’avenir portant la référence ANR-11-LABX-0026-01. Elle a également bénéficié du soutien de la Chaire de recherche du Canada sur les écritures numériques, du FRQSC (Programme international 2017) et du CRIHN. Elle a été déposée en août 2020 et est diffusée depuis en libre accès sur le site https://these.nicolassauret.net. / Si l'on s'accorde à dire que les outils numériques ont modifié en profondeur nos pratiques d'écriture et de lecture, l'influence que ces nouvelles pratiques exercent sur les contenus d'une part, et sur la structuration de notre pensée d'autre part, reste encore à déterminer. C'est dans ce champ d'investigation que s'inscrit cette thèse, qui questionne la production des connaissances à l'époque numérique : le savoir scientifique aurait-il changé en même temps que ses modalités de production et de diffusion ? Je traiterai ce sujet à travers le prisme de la revue savante en lettres et sciences humaines, dont le modèle épistémologique, encore attaché au support papier, se voit profondément questionné par le numérique dans sa dimension technique aussi bien que culturelle. Je fais l'hypothèse que les modalités d'écriture en environnement numérique sont une opportunité pour renouer avec les idéaux de conversation scientifique qui présidaient l'invention des revues au 17eme siècle. La thèse propose une réflexion en trois temps, articulée autour de trois conceptions de la revue : la revue comme format, comme espace et, tel que je le propose et le conceptualise, comme collectif. La revue comme format, d'abord, émerge directement de la forme épistolaire au 17eme, favorisant alors la conversation au sein d'une communauté savante dispersée. Mais les limites conceptuelles du format nous invite à considérer la revue davantage comme un media. Pour penser alors sa remédiation, je montrerai que cette conversation trouve son incarnation contemporaine dans le concept d'éditorialisation. La revue comme espace, ensuite, où s'incarnait jusque-là l'autorité scientifique, fait émerger de nouvelles possibilités conversationnelles, en raison des glissements de la fonction éditoriale des revues et de leurs éditeurs dans l'espace numérique. Enfin, la revue comme collectif émerge d'une écriture processuelle, en mouvement, propre à l'environnement numérique. Un des enjeux de cette thèse réside dans la mise en évidence des dynamiques collectives d'appropriation et de légitimation. En ce sens, la finalité de la revue est peut-être moins la production de documents que l'éditorialisation d'une conversation faisant advenir le collectif. Au plan méthodologique, cette thèse a la particularité de s'appuyer sur une recherche-action ancrée dans une série de cas d'étude et d'expérimentations éditoriales que j'ai pu mener en tant que chercheur d'une part, et éditeur-praticien d'autre part. La présentation des résultats de cette recherche-action, ainsi que leur analyse critique, fournissent la matière des concepts travaillés dans la thèse. / Digital tools have profoundly modified our writing and reading practices. Yet the influence that these new practices exert on content and on the structuring of our thinking has to be determined. This thesis falls within this field of investigation and questions the production of knowledge in the digital age: has scientific knowledge changed along the transformation of its production and distribution means? I will deal with this subject through the prism of the scholarly journal in the humanities, whose epistemological model, still attached to the paper medium, is profoundly questioned by the digital age in its technical as well as cultural dimension. I hypothesize that the modalities of writing in a digital environment are an opportunity to revive the ideals of scientific conversation that presided over the invention of journals in the 17th century. The thesis proposes a reflection in three stages, articulated around three conceptions of the journal : the journal as a format, as a space and, as I propose and conceptualize it, as a collective. The journal as a format, first of all, emerges directly from the epistolary form in the 17th century, thus favoring conversation within a dispersed scholarly community. But the conceptual limits of the format invite us to consider the journal more as a _media_. In order to grasp its remediation, I will show that this conversation finds its contemporary incarnation in the concept of editorialisation. Then the journal as a space, where scientific authority was previously embodied, brings out new conversational possibilities due to the shifts in the editorial function of journals and their publishers in the digital space. Finally, the journal as a collective emerges from a processual and writing, in movement, peculiar to the digital environment. One of the challenges of this thesis is to highlight the collective dynamics of appropriation and legitimation. In this sense, the purpose of the journal is perhaps less the production of documents than the editorialisation of a conversation that brings the collective to life. From a methodological point of view, this thesis is the result of a practice-based research anchored in a series of case studies and editorial experiments that I have been able to carry out as a researcher on the one hand, and as an editor-practitioner on the other.