Na aviação, os procedimentos para situações anormais e de emergência, geralmente organizados em checklists compilados no Quick Reference Handbook (QRH), são elaborados e revisados como mecanismos de controle organizacional. Esta abordagem, no entanto, tem mostrado limitações em servir como solução para todos os tipos de situações, principalmente para problemas não estruturados. Neste cenário, o conceito ‘procedimentos como recursos para a ação’ tem sido visto como uma abordagem alternativa, embora tenha sido desenvolvida apenas de forma incipiente. Assim, o objetivo geral desta tese foi propor um protocolo para revisão dos procedimentos disponíveis em cockpits de aviões comerciais como apoio aos pilotos durante a gestão de anomalia. Para atingir o objetivo, a pesquisa adotou a Design Science Research e foi dividida em quatro etapas: compressão do problema, sugestão e desenvolvimento, avaliação e conclusão. Um estudo etnográfico cognitivo conduzido em uma companhia aérea brasileira propiciou melhor entendimento do problema por meio de observações participantes, entrevistas retrospectivas, entrevistas em grupo, dados secundários e documentos técnicos. Os resultados mostraram como fatores contextuais fora do escopo do QRH geraram demandas extras e requereram estratégias de adaptação dos sistemas cognitivos correlacionados. Fragmentos do QRH e de recursos adicionais foram intercalados para apoiar essas estratégias. As sugestões de melhorias envolveram a reorganização do QRH, dos checklists e dos recursos adicionais, a fim de melhor apoiar o reconhecimento de anomalias, o diagnóstico de problemas e o curso de ação. As sete etapas do protocolo foram desenvolvidas com base nos princípios teóricos e empíricos derivados do estudo e, em seguida, o protocolo foi avaliado de acordo com cinco critérios. Enquanto o artefato teve um bom desempenho em dois critérios, três deles revelaram a necessidade de ajustes, que podem ser superados com novas aplicações em diferentes contextos. Em conclusão, o estudo atingiu os objetivos geral e específicos, contribuiu para a classe de problemas ao operacionalizar o conceito ‘procedimentos como recursos para a ação’ e contribuiu para solucionar o problema prático ao proporcionar um artefato para ajudar as companhias aéreas a revisar seus procedimentos e outros recursos de modo a melhor apoiar os pilotos na gestão de anomalias. / In aviation, procedures for abnormal and emergency situations, generally organized in checklists compiled in the Quick Reference Handbook (QRH), are designed and redesigned as mechanisms of organizational control. This approach, however, has shown some drawbacks as a solution for any situation, specially for unstructured problems. In this scenario, the concept ‘procedures and resources for action’ has been seen as an alternative approach, although it has been incipiently developed. Thus, the general objective of this thesis was to propose a protocol for redesigning the procedures available in commercial aircraft cockpits as means of supporting pilots during anomaly management. To achieve the objective, the research adopted the Design Science Research approach and was divided into four stages: awareness of the problem, suggestion and development, evaluation and conclusion. A cognitive ethnographic study conducted in a Brazilian airline provided better understanding of the problem through participant observations, retrospective interviews, group interviews, secondary data and technical documents as sources of data. The results showed how contextual factors beyond the QRH scope generated extra demands and required adaptive strategies from the joint cognitive systems. Fragments from the QRH and from additional resources were interleaved to support these strategies. The design implications involved the reorganization of the QRH, the checklist and the additional resources in order to better support the anomaly recognition, the problem diagnosis and the course of action. The seven steps of the protocol were developed based on the theoretical and empirical principles derived from the study and, then, the protocol was evaluated according to five criteria. While the artefact performed well in two criteria, in three of them revealed opportunities of improvement, which can be overcame with more applications in different settings. In conclusion, the study achieved general and specifics objectives, contributed to the class of problems by operationalizing the concept ‘procedures as resources for action’ and contributed to solve the practical problem by providing an artefact that help airlines to redesign procedures and other resources in order to better support pilots during anomaly management.

Submitted by Joana Azevedo (joanad@id.uff.br) on 2017-10-10T13:47:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERT Claudio Almeida Pinheiro.pdf: 2607136 bytes, checksum: 4eb6590137f0db3422bb97235d0e8507 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Biblioteca da Escola de Engenharia (bee@ndc.uff.br) on 2017-10-16T11:21:56Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERT Claudio Almeida Pinheiro.pdf: 2607136 bytes, checksum: 4eb6590137f0db3422bb97235d0e8507 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-16T11:21:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERT Claudio Almeida Pinheiro.pdf: 2607136 bytes, checksum: 4eb6590137f0db3422bb97235d0e8507 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-09-05 / As incubadoras de empresas devem garantir condições favoráveis para o sucesso das empresas incubadas e pré-incubadas, diminuindo o índice de fracassos das micros e pequenas empresas, para alcançar o sucesso precisam ampliar quantitativa e qualitativamente seus resultados, de forma que os objetivos e metas sejam alcançados para um patamar de sustentabilidade do negócio. O objetivo deste estudo é propor um sistema de indicadores de desempenho que permita a Incubadora de Empresas em Tecnologia – IETEC (CEFET-RJ) atender os requisitos para a implantação e certificação do modelo CERNE 1, através do método do Design Science Research, para criar o artefato proposto, utilizando modelos conhecidos de sistemas de mensuração de desempenho de incubadoras de base tecnológica, existentes na literatura. Dentro deste contexto, com incentivo governamental foi criado pela Associação Nacional das Entidades Promotoras de Empreendimentos Inovadores (ANPROTEC) em parceria com o Serviço de Apoio às Micro e Pequenas Empresas (SEBRAE), o Centro de Referência para Apoio a Novos Empreendimentos (CERNE), com a elaboração de procedimentos padronizados para a implementação de sistemas de gestão de desempenho das empresas e da própria incubadora, utilizando de ferramentas e mecanismos adequados para a mensuração. O artefato criado é composto por (40) indicadores de desempenho que contemplam os cinco eixos norteadores do CERNE: empreendedor, tecnologia, capital, mercado e gestão. / Business incubators should ensure favorable conditions for the success of the incubated companies and pre-incubated, decreasing the rate of failures of micro and small enterprises to achieve success you need to expand your results, quantitative and qualitatively of so that the goals and objectives are achieved to a level of sustainability of the business. The objective of this study is to propose a system of performance indicators that allow the technology business incubator-IETEC (CEFET-RJ) meet the requirements for the implementation and certification of the model CORE 1, by the method of Design Science Research, to create the artifact proposed, seeking in literature known models of performance measurement systems of technology-based incubators. Within this context, with Government incentive was created by the National Association of organizations promoting Innovative Ventures (ANPROTEC) in partnership with supporting service for Micro and small enterprises (SEBRAE), the Centre of reference for supporting new Developments (CORE), with the development of standardized procedures for the implementation of performance management systems of companies and own incubator, using appropriate mechanisms and tools for measurement. The artifact created consists of (40) performance indicators covering the five axes guiding CORE: entrepreneur, technology, capital, market and management.

Submitted by Priscilla Araujo (priscilla@ibict.br) on 2016-10-10T17:32:15Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) DissertacaoCompleta.pdf: 6028677 bytes, checksum: 15e3af1b8f1467af4a8714535fb305a3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-10T17:32:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) DissertacaoCompleta.pdf: 6028677 bytes, checksum: 15e3af1b8f1467af4a8714535fb305a3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-06-29 / O ponto de partida da presente pesquisa está na relação entre a Ciência da Informação e o Web Design. As interseções, identificadas, estruturadas e aprofundadas através de uma pesquisa bibliográfica exploratória, permitem vislumbrar uma forte aproximação das duas áreas, e desdobram-se em discussões importantes sobre as relações entre teoria e prática, bem como entre a ciência e o projeto. A revisão de literatura permite projetar o design da informação como disciplina capaz de concentrar estudos sobre arquitetura de informação, visualização da informação e usabilidade, se valendo de métodos teórico-práticos. Na busca por um suporte metodológico que permitisse uma relação mais natural entre as áreas, levando em conta o processo de design sem abrir mão do rigor científico, emerge a Design Science como um campo científico capaz de facilitar a relação interdisciplinar que norteia essa dissertação. / The starting point of this research is the relationship between Information Science and Web Design. Intersections identified, structured and deepened through a bibliographical research, allow the glimpse of a strong approximation between the two fields, and open up important discussions about the relationship between theory and practice, as well as between science and design. The literature review allows forecasting information design as a discipline able to concentrate studies on information architecture, information visualization and usability, making use of theoretical and practical methods. In the search for a methodological support to allow a more natural relationship between areas, taking into account the design proccess without sacrificing scientific rigor, Design Science emerges as a scientific field capable of facilitating interdisciplinary relationship that guides this dissertation.

Orientador: Lea Maria Leme Strini Velho / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociências / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-19T00:55:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Kunz_Ivanir_D.pdf: 2041670 bytes, checksum: 0aaeba097c41e0b5aa6318ff3d8aee7f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo é analisar a dinâmica de produção de conhecimento na área de Direito no Brasil, através da elucidação das práticas de organização social em termos da constituição de grupos de pesquisa, das fontes de influência na escolha dos temas e linhas de pesquisa, das formas pelas quais tal comunidade acadêmica se apropria dos canais de comunicação que divulgam sua produção e toma decisões sobre as fontes de referência bibliográfica que informam seus próprios estudos. Central para esta pesquisa é a noção de que as disciplinas diferem na sua formação histórica, nos seus processos de institucionalização na academia, na maneira em que se organizam para produzir conhecimento, na forma em que trocam idéias e divulgam suas informações. Essas diferenças se refletem nos respectivos padrões de comunicação de seus pesquisadores e nas diversas formas de divulgar seus resultados de pesquisa. Este estudo se assenta em dados quantitativos e qualitativos, coletados sobre algumas universidades brasileiras selecionadas, no total de 14, com cursos de pós-graduação, em nível de Mestrado e Doutorado Acadêmico, na área de Direito, recomendados e reconhecidos pela CAPES, com conceito mínimo de 5 (numa escala de 7 no máximo). Em uma seleção da produção intelectual dos 14 programas entre os anos de 2004 a 2006, os resultados mostram que os pesquisadores que trabalham na área de Direito, no Brasil, tendem a publicar mais livros do que artigos em periódicos. Este estudo também fornece evidência de que a área tem uma forte preferência por revistas editadas pela própria Instituição (periódicos in-house) e este parece ser um traço peculiar deste campo de pesquisa no Brasil. Além disto, o hábito de trabalhos coletivos é uma prática pouco difundida na área. Para compreender a dinâmica desta comunidade científica, alguns especialistas desta disciplina, mais especificamente, alguns líderes de grupos foram selecionados para a realização de entrevistas. Assim, para alcançar uma perspectiva mais abrangente, este estudo contrapôs os dados quantitativos obtidos com as 20 entrevistas realizadas com os líderes de grupos de pesquisa das IES selecionadas, no intuito de explicar junto aos pesquisadores, os comportamentos observados. Munido destes dados, este estudo busca vislumbrar ângulos peculiares do processo de produção de conhecimento, fazendo um mapeamento das redes seletivas de autores e de comunicação que resultam em citações, observando o seu processo social, a responsabilidade e poder político dos pesquisadores nesta ciência, em especial / Abstract: The objective of this study is to analyze the dynamics of knowledge production in the area of law in Brazil, through the elucidation of the practices of social organization in terms of the formation of research groups, sources of influence on the choice of themes and lines of research, the ways in which such academic community appropriates the communication channels that disseminate their production and takes decisions on the bibliographic sources that inform their own studies. Central to this research is the notion that disciplines differ in their historical formation, in the processes of institutionalization in academia, in the way they are organized to produce knowledge in the form in which they exchange ideas and disseminate their information. These differences are reflected in their patterns of communication among researchers and in different ways to disseminate their research results. This study is based on quantitative and qualitative data collected on some selected universities, totaling 14, with post-graduate programs offering master and PhD degrees in the field of law, which have been evaluated by CAPES (Brazilian Agency for Higher Education), and received at least a grade 5 (on a scale up maximum 7). In a selection of the intellectual output of the 14 programs between the years 2004 to 2006, the results show that researchers working in the area of law in Brazil tend to publish more books than journal articles. Moreover, and this seems to be a peculiar trait of this research field in Brazil, articles tend to appear in journals edited by the universities themselves (in-house journals). In addition the habit of collective work is a practice little known in the area. To understand the dynamics of the scientific community, some specialists in this discipline, more specifically, some group leaders were selected for interviews. Thus, to achieve a broader perspective, this study contrasted the quantitative data obtained with the 20 interviews with leaders of research groups of the HEIs selected in order to explain with the scientists, the behaviors observed. Armed with this data, this study seeks to discern peculiar angles to the process of knowledge production, causing a selective mapping of networks of authors and communication that result in citations, observing their social process, accountability and political power of the researchers in this science in special / Doutorado / Politica Cientifica e Tecnologica / Mestre em Política Científica e Tecnológica

A primary goal of climate change research is to determine if species will be able to persist in a warmer environment. Most studies predict climate change will cause many species to become extinct. However, these predictions are based on experiments where only a single life stage or generation of a species was exposed to predicted future conditions (i.e. shock treatments), and thus overlook the possibility of species adapting or acclimatizing to new environmental conditions over multiple generations. As a result, current projections of species persistence through climate change are likely to overestimate species extinction. In this study, the rate and extent to which adaptation and transgenerational acclimation may allow species to persist through climate change was measured. Marine rotifers, Brachionus plicatilis, were reared for ~75 generations at: i) Optimal temperature (25°C), ii) Optimal temperature (25°C) with weekly sub-lethal shocks (35°C), iii) Maximum temperature (33°C), and iv) Maximum temperature (33°C) with weekly sub-lethal shocks (35°C). Changes in population growth rates and fitness were assessed weekly through rotifer density, adult size and aerobic performance (respiration rate). There was no adaptation observed, but there was evidence of transgenerational acclimation. However, populations were unable to acclimate when exposed to high temperature shocks. This study shows that acclimation through the selection of thermally tolerant individuals can occur over multiple generations in a thermally stable environment, as seen by a reversible increase in aerobic performance, and thus species with short life cycles may be better able to keep up with the pace of climate change. This multi-generational study can enhance our understanding of the rate and extent in which transgenerational acclimation may allow species to persist through climate change. These estimates can then be incorporated into models to improve projections of survival through climate change of species with longer lifespans.

D.Litt et Phil. / The departure point of this research is that the emergence of a system of intergovernmental relations will have direct and profound implications for the development of the country as a whole, as well as providing an additional dimension to the understanding of the approach to development in South Africa. A sound academic understanding of the nature of development in this country will therefore have no choice but to take into account the structures and processes which the major role-player (government) makes use of to facilitate and implement development ...

Metastasis is characterized pathologically by uncontrolled cell invasion, proliferation, migration and angiogenesis. Steroid hormones, such as estrogen, and growth factors, which include insulin growth factor I/II (IGF-1/IGF-2) therapy has been associated with most if not all of the features of metastasis. It has been determined that IGF-1 increases cell survival of cancer cells and potentiate the effect of E2 and other ligand growth factors on breast cancer cells. However not much information is available that comprehensively expounds on the roles of insulin growth factor receptor (IGFR) and Rab GTPases may play in breast cancer. The latter, Rab GTPases, are small signaling molecules and critical in the regulation of many cellular processes including cell migration, growth via the endocytic pathway. This research involves the role of Rab GTPases, specifically Rab5 and its guanine exchange factors (GEFs), in the promotion of cancer cell migration and invasion. Two important questions abound: Are IGFR stimulation and downstream effect involved the endocytic pathway in carcinogenesis? What role does Rab5 play in cell migration and invasion of cancer cells? The hypothesis is that growth factor signaling is dependent on Rab5 activity in mediating the aggressiveness of cancer cells. The goal is to demonstrate that IGF-1 signaling is dependent on Rab5 function in breast cancer progression. Here, the results thus far, have shown that while activation of Rab5 may mediate increased cell proliferation, migration and invasion in breast cancer cells, the Rab5 GEF, RIN1 interacts with the IGFR thereby facilitating migration and invasion activities in breast cells. Furthermore, endocytosis of the IGFR in breast cancer cells seems to be caveolin dependent as the data has shown. This taken together, the data shows that IGF-1 signaling in breast cancer cells relies on IGF-1R phosphorylation, caveolae internalization and sequestration to the early endosome RIN1 function and Rab5 activation.

This dissertation utilized electrospray ion mobility mass spectrometry (ESI-IMS-MS) to develop methods necessary for the separation of chiral compounds of forensic interest. The compounds separated included ephedrines and pseudoephedrines, that occur as impurities in confiscated amphetamine type substances (ATS) in an effort to determine the origin of these substances. The ESI-IMS-MS technique proved to be faster and more cost effective than traditional chromatographic methods currently used to conduct chiral separations such as gas and liquid chromatography. Both mass spectrometric and computational analysis revealed the separation mechanism of these chiral interactions allowing for further development to separate other chiral compounds by IMS. Successful separation of chiral compounds was achieved utilizing a variety of modifiers injected into the IMS drift tube. It was found that the modifiers themselves did not need to be chiral in nature and that achiral modifiers were sufficient in performing the required separations. The ESI-IMS-MS technique was also used to detect thermally labile compounds which are commonly found in explosive substances. The methods developed provided mass spectrometric identification of the type of ionic species being detected from explosive analytes as well as the appropriate solvent that enhances detection of these analytes in either the negative or positive ion mode. An application of the developed technique was applied to the analysis of a variety of low explosive smokeless powder samples. It was found that the developed ESI-IMS-MS technique not only detected the components of the smokeless powders, but also provided data that allowed the classification of the analyzed smokeless powders by manufacturer or make.

To be able to provide data collecting services to customers, service provides are required by law to design privacy policies and present their content to users as privacy notices that informs the user on privacy consequences and demonstrate that an explicit informed consent of the user has been collected before processing of the data. However, despite the increase in data collection by services and hence increase of privacy impact, yet privacy notices do not implement proper mechanisms that can assure that data subjects are well informed and their consent are provided with comprehension. The root of this problem is the fact that typically only theoretical description of what consent is and what it involves is offered by existing literature but no “practical” design guides are available for decision makers and practitioners on how to effectively integrate a targeted consent level in privacy notices. This thesis work addresses the need for explicit integration of consent in privacy notice designs by presenting the Extended Privacy Notice Design Space (XPNDS) construct that guides on explicitly incorporating different levels of consent in privacy notices. This thesis uses theories of eye movement in reading and technical references from computer vision for comprehension and attention determination to prove the feasibility of integrating higher level of consent in the design space that may guide to assured informed consent. The construct can be used by managers to communicate, practitioners to design, and regulators to analyze informed consent incorporation in privacy notice designs. Unlike most works available in the literature on consent which only provide theoretical opinion of what informed consent is, this work cast the conceptual consent guidelines in to a practical privacy notice design space to provide an XPNDS that guides to the practicality of achieving assured informed consent in privacy notices. It is the hope of the author that the XPNDS will be useful to both practitioners and academicians in incorporating informed consent in privacy notice designs to an assured level. / <p>Validerat; 20160622 (global_studentproject_submitter)</p>

This research examined the effects of acclimation to lowered salinity, elevated temperature, and hypoxia on aerobic metabolism of the Gulf killifish, Fundulus grandis, a common estuarine resident of the Gulf of Mexico. Standard metabolic rate (SMR), maximum metabolic rate (MMR), absolute aerobic scope (AAS), and critical oxygen tension (Pcrit) were each influenced by one or more acclimation treatments. Assessing the consistency of these traits measured in the same individuals over time, all were found to be significantly repeatable with no indication that the repeatability of any traits was affected by acclimation conditions. Significant correlations were found between SMR and Pcrit (positively correlated), between SMR and AAS (negatively correlated), between MMR and AAS (positive), and between AAS and Pcrit (negative). This study, therefore, documents the effects of acclimation on these traits, their repeatability, and correlations among them. It further suggests that repeatability of these traits is not context dependent.