The overall aim was to study nurses’ and managers’ attitudes towards micro social patient advocacy (I) and factors related to patient advocacy (II, III) with the main focus being on advocacy in the care of older patients in community health care together with psychometric testing of the instrument 'Attitudes toward Patient Advocacy Scale-Attitudes toward MIcrosocial Advocacy' (IV). Methods: A quantiative cross-sectional study and a qualitative study were carried out. Nurses (n=207) and managers (n=23) in community health care responded to a questionnaire about patient advocacy, nursing competence, personal traits, quality of care and organisational climate (I, II, IV). Nurses' (n=18) perceptions of influencers of patient advocacy was studied in a phenomenographic study (III). The results showed that nurses and managers reported positive attitudes to patient advocacy (I, II), especially for patients unable to speak for themselves (I). Two areas of nursing competence (Performing the nursing process, Supervision and cooperation) and a dimension of quality of care of older patients were positively associated with attitudes towards patient advocacy (II). Two organisational dimensions were, negatively (dynamism) respectively positively (playfulness), associated with attitudes towards patient advocacy. The nurses' perceptions of influencers of patient advocacy consist of three hierarchically related levels: The nurse's character traits, The nurse’s bond with the patient and The organisational conditions (III). The Swedish version of APAS-AMIA consists of 33 items in a four-factor structure (APAS-AMIA/SE): Support patients’ beliefs and decision-making, Safeguard patients' health care, Support patients to communicate their wishes and Respect patients’ wishes not to participate in decisions regarding care (IV). Conclusions: Maintaining the continuing professional competence of nurses is important, and is ensuring the organisational prerequisites to enable nurses' advocacy for patients. / Det övergripande syftet var att studera sjuksköterskors och chefers attityder till mikrosocialt företrädarskap för patienter (I), faktorer relaterade med företrädarskap (II, III) med huvudsakligt fokus på företrädarskap för äldre patienter inom kommunal hälso- och sjukvård samt psykometriskt testa instrumentet Attitudes toward Patient Advocacy Scale-Attitudes toward MIcrosocial Advocacy (IV). Metod: En kvantitativ tvärsnittstudie och en kvalitativ studie genomfördes. Sjuksköterskor och chefer (n=230) i kommunal hälso-och sjukvård besvarade frågor om företrädarskap, yrkeskompetens, personlighet, vårdkvalitet och organisationsklimat (I, II, III). Sjuksköterskors (n=18) uppfattningar av vad som påverkar företrädarskap studerades i en fenomenografisk studie (III). Resultat: Sjuksköterskor och chefer rapporterade positiva attityder till företrädarskap (I, II), framför allt för oförmögna patienter (I). Två områden av yrkeskompetens (Att utföra omvårdnadsprocessen, Arbetsledning och samarbete) liksom en dimension av kvalitet i vården av äldre var positivt associerade med attityder till företrädarskap (II). Två organisatoriska dimensioner var negativt (livfullhet) respektive positivt (lekfullhet) associerade med attityder till företrädarskap. Sjuksköterskors uppfattningar av vad som påverkar företrädarskap omfattar tre hierarkiskt relaterade nivåer: Sjuksköterskans karaktärsdrag, Sjuksköterskans förhållande till patienten och Arbetsplatsens beskaffenhet (III). Den svenska versionen av APAS-AMIA omfattar 33 påståenden i en fyrfaktorstruktur (APAS-AMIA/SE): Stödja patienternas önskemål och beslutsfattande, Värna om patienternas vård, Stödja patienterna att kommunicera sina önskemål och Respektera patienternas önskemål om att inte delta i beslut (IV). Konklusioner: Sjuksköterskors yrkeskompetens bör upprätthållas för att de ska ha förutsättningar att företräda patienter. Det är viktigt att skapa organisatoriska förutsättningar för att sjuksköterskor ska kunna etablera en relation till patienten som underlag till företrädarskap.

The aim of thesis is to create a complete overview of the current developments and trends in the world trade with arms. After reading this document, the reader will get a full picture about the subject of the trade with arms, global military spending, latest trends, regulation of trade with arms, Czech Republic's position in the world trade with arms and the situation on three particular markets in South America. The outcome of this study is an answer to the question whether the analyzed markets offer opportunities for the Czech importer of small arms and whether they are suitable for Czech import. The thesis works with the analysis of the current situation and development of the arms trade and therefore the long-term historical development is not mentioned.

This diploma work is concerned with planning and analysing modules of Student-School Relationship Management system (referred to as S-SRM) at universities in the Czech Republic. The goal of this diploma work is to basically devise and afterwards to verify the modules of the S-SRM system from the point of view of their contents and peripherally also its functionality. The part of the goal, that is concerned with the design, is accomplished by the description of the individual modules of the S-SRM system. One part of the goal dealing with the verification of these modules is fulfilled by the means of a research in the group of future users of the S-SRM system (students). This research is realised via the questionnaire on the Internet, and by the means of the comparison of the chosen parts of proposed modules of the S-SRM system with the goals gained in the previous requirements analysis (which means the questionnaire on the Internet). The diploma work is divided into six parts. The first part states the topic. The second part is concerned with the CRM systems (Customer Relationship Management) which are the basis for S-SRM systems. This part is followed by the third section that describes the individual modules of the S-SRM systems, and it also shows the options for its enlargement. The fourth part is dedicated to the questionnaire survey and determination of hypothesis. The analysis of the data gained in the survey is stated in the fifth section that are hypothesis evaluated. In the last, the sixth part, there are inferred the conclusions emerging from the previous parts. The theory of the suggested parts of the modules of the S-SRM system and the practice, the results gained in the previous analysis of the requirements, are compared in this last section. There are two main assets of this diploma work. One of the main assets is the proposal of the modules of the S-SRM itself from the point of view of its content and peripherally its functionality. The second main asset is the realisation of the questionnaire survey and the analysis of the gained data that show the preferences of one group of the users of the S-SRM system, namely the students.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Coastal environments are complex due to their natural dynamics, fragilities and multiple socioeconomic interests. They are peculiar environments and of differentiated character, that must be considered in their singularity, and they need special attention for a correct planning and management. The new rationality of occupation of the coastal environments associates the demand of a leisure society with a demand for zones of work and housing. Given this, there is a need for studies that present proposals for environmental planning aiming at a balance between the use and maintenance of natural resources. The purpose of this study was to analyze in an integrated way the environmental and socioeconomic dynamics of the fluvio lagoon plain associated with the Betume River and its surroundings from the perspective of land use and land use planning. In order to do so, the systemic approach was adopted as a way of researching the landscape, which made it possible to understand the reality and thus propose a zoning resulting from the application of the pressure-state-impact-response methodology. Bibliographical review, documentary research, field work, cartographic document elaboration, were the methodological procedures adopted and subsidized the integrated analysis of the environmental and social dimensions that culminated in a zoning proposal. The plain formed by fluvio lagoons deposits associated with the Betume River has a geological-geomorphologic evolution developed from events of transgressions and marine regressions of the Quaternary and is inserted between dunes strands in marine and paleo cliffs terraces of the Barreiras Group. Its structure points to a level of marked environmental fragility. In contrast, the uses attributed to this environment have shown growth, namely: activities and interests aimed at tourism; Primary economic activities of fishing, shrimp farming, pasture, agriculture and plant extractive activities. The level of occupation is unevenly distributed, as is the intensity of modification and degradation. Zoning, from environmental and socioeconomic diagnostics, proposes guidelines for land use and occupation in order to sustain environmental quality. / Os ambientes costeiros são complexos devido sua dinâmica natural, fragilidades e os múltiplos interesses socioeconômicos. São ambientes peculiares e de caráter diferenciado, que devem ser considerados em sua singularidade, e necessitam de atenção especial para um correto planejamento e gestão. A nova racionalidade de ocupação dos ambientes costeiros associa a demanda de uma sociedade de lazer a uma demanda por zonas de trabalho e habitação. Diante disso, há a necessidade de estudos que apresentem propostas de ordenamento ambiental visando um equilíbrio entre o uso e a manutenção dos recursos naturais. A proposta desse estudo foi analisar de forma integrada a dinâmica ambiental e socioeconômica da planície fluviolagunar associada ao rio Betume e adjacências na perspectiva do ordenamento do uso e ocupação do solo. Para tanto foi adotada a abordagem sistêmica como caminho de investigação da paisagem, que possibilitou entender a realidade e assim propor um zoneamento resultante da aplicação da metodologia pressão-estado-impacto-resposta. Revisão bibliográfica, pesquisa documental, trabalhos de campo, elaboração de documentos cartográficos, foram os procedimentos metodológicos adotados e subsidiaram a análise integrada das dimensões ambiental e social que culminaram em uma proposta de zoneamento. A planície formada por depósitos fluviolagunares associada ao Rio Betume tem uma evolução geológico-geomorfológica desenvolvida a partir de eventos de transgressões e regressões marinhas do Quaternário e encontra-se inserida entre cordões de dunas em terraços marinhos e paleofalésias do Grupo Barreiras. Sua estrutura aponta um nível de fragilidade ambiental acentuado. Em contrapartida os usos atribuídos a esse ambiente tem apresentado crescimento, a saber: atividades e interesses voltados para o turismo; atividades econômicas primárias de pesca, carcinicultura, pastagens, agricultura e atividades de extrativismo vegetal. O nível de ocupação está distribuído de forma irregular, assim como a intensidade de modificação e degradação. O zoneamento, oriundo dos diagnósticos ambiental e socioeconômico, propõe orientações de uso e ocupação do solo visando a sustentação da qualidade ambiental. / São Cristóvão, SE

No description available.

In this master’s thesis, a mechanical design of an in-column secondary electrons (SE) detector is presented. It is an ultravacuum compatible fibre-scintillation detector designed for use in an ultrahigh vacuum scanning electron microscope (UHV SEM). The designed in-column SE detector was manufactured and tested upon overcoming R&D challenges. The first section of this thesis deals with theoretical basis needed for understanding of functional principles of UHV SEM system and means of SE’s detection. In the second section, mechanical design of the in-column SE detector is described. The last section describes functionality of the designed detector. Effectiveness of light shielding of the detector was tested and the detective quantum efficiency was measured. Finally, images created by the designed in-column detector and an in-chamber SE detector were evaluated and compared.

This graduation theises deal with influence of an additional grating possitioned berween the sample and the ionisation detektor of the environmental scannin elektron microscope on signal detection. Signal level is measured for changing pressure, at different voltages on the aditional grating, at different sample - additional electrode distance and at different sample - detektor distance. Influence of the additional grating is simulated for real working conditions on PC.

Social economy is a widely discussed topic in the Czech Republic and other states at the moment. This is mainly thanks to its positive impact on the employment of disadvantaged persons and their integration into the society, which is in many cases very difficult and the state fails to provide for it. The support for disadvantaged persons and their entering open job market is still struggling and the tools that the engaged parties try to use do not always work. Social enterprise is one of the possible solutions to this problem. The thesis's theoretical part outlines the topic of social enterprise taking into account both external (legislation, funding, legal forms) and internal (disadvantaged persons employment specifics, organizational culture, employees mentoring and development) factors that affect the way social enterprises work. The practical part uses qualitative research to focus on the opinions of persons with disabilities and executives on the development of social enterprises employees and their possible transfer to the open job market. It summarizes the recommendations for development of their employees' competences so that the system would be as permeable as possible and the employment of the disadvantaged persons as high as possible. Keywords: development of people with disabilities,...

My diploma thesis is focused on inclusive education of pupil with hearing impairment in the Czech Republic from the parents' point of view. The theoretical part specializes in the individual chapters on hearing impairment generally, on the possibilities of rehabilitation and use of compensating aids or on logopedic (speech therapy) intervention. Further, the thesis describes education of pupils with hearing impairment in the Czech Republic at schools for pupils with hearing impairment but also at schools with the main education stream. It introduces the possibilities of education and support from the child's birth to the university study. It also introduces foreign models of education of pupils with hearing impairment in 4 chosen countries. The goal of empiric part was to chart the current situation in inclusive education of pupils with hearing impairment from the parents' point of view; to describe pros and cons of inclusion, cooperation with teachers, adaptation and education with intact classmates and also to find out how the inclusion is perceived by teachers and if their opinions are in accordance with parents' opinions. The method of semi-structured interviews with parents of pupils with hearing impairment and with teachers who already have experience with education of these pupils was used...

This diploma thesis deals with the education and communication of students with hearing impairment with a focus on the analysis of the level of understanding of information in sign language for students of special secondary schools for the hearing impaired. The theoretical part presents important concepts in this area, such as the definition of communication and communication options for the hearing impaired, as well as educational opportunities for the hearing impaired from a preschool level to a university and last but not least sign languages, their research in the world and Czech sign language as a native language of people with hearing impairment in the Czech Republic. The empirical part describes the research, which was conducted on 65 probands - high school students of the special school for students with a hearing impairment. The research is focused on the differences in the level of understanding of groups of students according to their identification data and also examined whether comprehension is affected by the complexity of the information transmitted (i.e. whether information at the level of ordinary conversation is better understood than a professional information). The research survey was of a qualitative nature and the main research method was a non-standardized questionnaire...