SUMMARY: The theoretical part outlines the historical and contemporary ideas about development of sensory sensibility of preschool age children, reflected in the Art Education and creation. Another part of labour deals with the probe to methodology of sensory education, explanation of the term, familiarization with the significance, and potential to settings the targets of preschool education. The last section of theoretical part is dedicated to possible frameworks of interdisciplinary contextures based on the children's aesthetic interactions with the living nature appointed in the Education programme framework for preschool education (RVP PV). The empirical part deals with the qualitative research of teaching activities of colleague from the discipline Teaching for kindergarten and their possibilities and the experience with the development of sensory sensibility and inclusion of this practice to tuition of Art Education. The practical part analyses the transformation of children in social skills, made within long-term sensory art project. The transformation of children is documented by proposals activities and interdisciplinary linkage from other subjects, from which the process of art creating based on, or conversely towards to, by art creating, further competencies, which are developed in the project,...

To step into a character and a world of the past, the actor must not discard the present, but seek to find connections and links between the worlds. I was cast in the Orlando Shakespeare Theater production of Sense and Sensibility, a Jon Jory adaptation of Jane Austen’s novel, in the role of Lucy Steele. This was an equity production, and it ran February 6th – March 17th, 2013, in the Orlando Shakespeare Theater’s Margeson Theater. Lucy is a female character from England in a period often referred to as the Regency era. As a woman from today’s United States of America, first I explored how Lucy’s words and actions fit into the society of her time, and second I explored how I, a contemporary actor, could organically step into her shoes. One of the greatest tools I had to help me address these questions was the playwright himself, Jon Jory. He was at the Orlando Shakespeare Theater for the 2012 Harriett Lake Festival of New Plays, during which he gave a keynote address and taught a master class in acting, in which I participated. Furthermore, I had the unique opportunity to personally interview him regarding Sense and Sensibility and his connection to the world of Austen and her characters. Along with applying this insight, I applied tools from his acting master class to my work on his Sense and Sensibility text. This special access to the playwright greatly influenced the work and served as a key into Lucy’s world. In addition to working with the playwright, I further researched Austen and her work, because Lucy and her world originate there. I explored various resources about England’s Regency era society and the role of women in this society. By comparing the world and people of the play to the current cultural and political landscape with which I am most familiar, I found iii fundamental links between people living in different times and places, breaking down walls between Lucy’s world and my own. Finally, this performance thesis project utilized the practical acting, voice, and movement skills, which I cultivated in my studio work as an MFA acting candidate at the University of Central Florida. It was a wonderful opportunity as an aspiring young actor to participate in an equity production and work with professional actors. I exercised my stage dialects training by using a standard British dialect, and I applied what I learned in my theatre styles acting class and in various movement classes to develop the behavior and physicality of my character. In order to preserve the new information gained from this study, I chronicled my explorations and discoveries throughout the rehearsal and production process. Through my work with the playwright Jon Jory, my research on Jane Austen and the Regency era, and my application of what I learned in the studio, I strove to create a model process for an actor to utilize when stepping into a role and a world of the past.

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Einleitung Entsprechend der Tierschutz-Schlachtverordnung sind Wirbeltiere vor der Tötung grundsätzlich zu betäuben. Die für Fische zulässigen Betäubungsmethoden haben sich jedoch für die Betäubung Afrikanischer Welse (Clarias gariepinus) in der Praxis als problematisch erwiesen. Ziel der Untersuchungen Das Untersuchungsziel bestand in der Erprobung und Optimierung von Betäubungsverfahren für die Schlachtung Afrikanischer Welse. Verschiedene Varianten der Vorkühlung, Eiswasserbehandlung und Elektrobetäubung wurden einzeln oder in Kombination vergleichend geprüft. Materialien und Methoden Zur Beurteilung der Betäubungswirkung dienten klinische Tests: Atmung, Schwimmbewegungen, Reaktion auf Manipulation, Gleichgewicht mit und ohne Manipulation, Augendrehreflex, Schmerzreiz. Weiterhin erfolgten Blutuntersuchungen mit Bestimmung der Cortisol-, Glukose-, Laktat-, Natrium-, Kalium- und Chloridgehalte zur Beurteilung der Stressbelastung der Welse. Insgesamt wurden 378 Afrikanische Welse genutzt. Die Untersuchungen umfassten sechs Teilversuche: Im Vorversuch 0 fand die Prüfung der Untersuchungsmethoden statt. Versuch 1a diente dem Vergleich von drei Varianten der Eiswasserbehandlung: Variante 1: Eiswasser mit +0,1 ± 0,2 °C, Variante 2: Eiswasser mit zusätzlichem Crash-Eis bei gleicher Temperatur und Variante 3: Eiswasser mit Kochsalz bei -2,0 ± 0,5 °C. Im Versuch 1b wurden drei Vorkühltemperaturen getestet: 10 °C, 15 °C und 20 °C. Die Elektrobetäubung (Versuch 2 bzw. Versuche 3 und 4 als Kombinationsmethoden) erfolgte am Einzeltier per Kopfdurchströmung mit 250 bzw. 300 V und 1,3 bzw. 1,8 A Wechselstrom. Bei der Prüfung der Kombination von Elektrobetäubung und Eiswasserbehandlung wurden die Welse nach der Kopfdurchströmung unmittelbar in ein mit Eiswasser gefülltes Becken umgesetzt. Versuch 4 diente der Überprüfung der Kombinationsmethode auf Praxistauglichkeit in einer Kreislaufanlage an 50 schlachtreifen Welsen. Ergebnisse Die maximalen Reaktionszeiten im Eiswasser lagen in den drei Varianten des Versuches 1a zwischen 3,8 und 4,7 Minuten (arithmetische Mittel). Die Eiswasserbehandlung ermöglichte kein schnelles Erreichen der Wahrnehmungs- und Empfindungslosigkeit. Die Variante 1 – Eiswasser mit +0,1 ± 0,2 °C – war mit den geringsten Belastungen verbunden. Gleiches trifft auf die Vorkühltemperatur von 15 °C zu. Mittels elektrischer Kopfdurchströmung wurde im Versuch 2 eine Betäubung der Welse erreicht, verbunden mit einer 30 bis 60 Sekunden andauernden Wahrnehmungslosigkeit. Die Betäubung geschah am Einzeltier nach vorheriger Separierung. In den Kombinationsversuchen 3 und 4 wurde kein durchgängiger Zustand der Wahrnehmungs- und Empfindungslosigkeit beobachtet. Die Welse zeigten im Mittel 2,7 bzw. 3,3 Minuten nach Umsetzen in das Eiswasser zuletzt Reaktionen auf klinische Tests. Schlussfolgerungen Die Eiswasserbehandlung ermöglicht keine tierschutzgerechte Betäubung entsprechend der Tierschutz-Schlachtverordnung. Eine Vorkühlung vor der Betäubung scheint notwendig. Vor der Elektrobetäubung schränkt sie die Beweglichkeit der Welse ein und ermöglicht somit ein besseres Ansetzen der Elektroden. Die Einzeltierbetäubung ist zeitaufwendig und setzt von der durchführenden Person ausreichend Erfahrung voraus, um Fehlbetäubungen zu vermeiden. Die kurze Wahrnehmungslosigkeit erfordert eine sich unmittelbar anschließende Entblutung bzw. Dekapitation. Für kleine Schlachtzahlen bzw. als Alternative zur Betäubung per Kopfschlag erscheint die untersuchte Methode mit der verwendeten gerätetechnischen Ausstattung bzw. unter Beachtung der elektrischen Betäubungsparameter geeignet. Zur Validierung der Kombination von Vorkühlung, Elektrobetäubung und Eiswasserbehandlung sind weitere Untersuchungen erforderlich. Es ist zu prüfen, ob durch eine Veränderung der Betäubungsparameter eine bis zum Tod anhaltende Wahrnehmungs- und Empfindungslosigkeit gewährleistet werden kann.

Les biocapteurs sont utilisés quotidiennement pour déterminer la présence de molécules biologiques dans une matrice complexe, comme l’urine pour les tests de grossesses ou le sang pour les glucomètres. Les techniques courantes pour la détection des autres maladies nécessitent fréquemment le marquage de l’analyte avec une autre molécule, ce qui est à éviter pour fin de simplicité d’analyse. Ces travaux ont pour but la maximisation de la sensibilité d’une surface d’or ou d’argent nanotrouée, afin de permettre la détection de la liaison de molécules biologiques par résonance des plasmons de surface localisés (LSPR), en utilisant la spectroscopie de transmission. Un biocapteur portable, rapide et sans marquage pour quantifier des analytes d’intérêt médical ou environnemental pourrait être construit à partir de ces travaux. Dans l’objectif d’étudier de nombreuses configurations pour maximiser la sensibilité, le temps et le coût des méthodes de fabrication de nanostructures habituelles auraient limité le nombre de surfaces nanotrouées pouvant être étudiées. Un autre objectif du projet consiste donc au développement d’une technique de fabrication rapide de réseaux de nanotrous, et à moindres coûts, basée sur la lithographie de nanosphères (NSL) et sur la gravure au plasma à l’oxygène (RIE). La sensibilité à la variation d’indice de réfraction associée aux liaisons de molécules sur la surface du métal noble et la longueur d’onde d’excitation du plasmon de surface sont influencées par les caractéristiques des réseaux de nanotrous. Dans les travaux rapportés ici, la nature du métal utilisé, le diamètre ainsi que la périodicité des trous sont variés pour étudier leur influence sur les bandes LSPR du spectre en transmission pour maximiser cette sensibilité, visant la fabrication d’un biocapteur. Les surfaces d’argent, ayant un diamètre de nanotrous inférieur à 200 nm pour une périodicité de 450 nm et les nanotrous d’une périodicité de 650 nm démontre un potentiel de sensibilité supérieur. / Biosensors are used daily to determine the presence of biomolecules in a complex matrix, like urine for pregnancy test or blood with a glucometer. The usual biodetection methods require the addition of a tag on the analyte, which is to be avoided to design a simple analytical method. The objective of this work is to maximize the sensitivity of a gold or silver nanohole arrays to detect the biomolecules liaisons close to the metal surface by localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) in transmission spectroscopy. A portable and effective biosensor to quantify analytes could be built based on this work, without a tagging step. To achieve the objective of evaluating numerous configurations for maximal sensitivity, the time and cost of the usual nanostructures fabrication methods would have limited the number of nanohole arrays in metal surface that could have been studied in this project. This fact motivated another objective of this project, the development of a fast and low cost fabrication method for nanohole arrays using nanospheres lithography (NSL) followed by reactive ions etching (RIE). The plasmon sensitivity and wavelength excitation are influenced by the nanohole arrays characteristics. In the work presented here, the chemical composition of the metal surface, the diameter and the periodicity of the nanohole arrays are shown to the influence the LSPR bands. The transmission maximum and minimum position of some LSPR bands are sensitive to refractive index change, which can be exploited in a biosensor format to detect biomolecules. The optimization of these nanohole arrays characteristics allows the maximization of this sensitivity to build a biosensor. The best index refraction sensitive results were with silver surfaces, with nanohole diameters smaller than 200 nm for a periodicity of 450 nm and the nanoholes with a periodicity of 650 nm show a potential for an increased sensitivity.

The primary argument in this thesis is that the common assumption that an actor has emotion inside him- or herself which can be evoked and projected outwards is an outdated misconception. A proposition is made to replace this possessive acting model, which underpins the realist tradition and is based on the popularized aspects of Stanislavsky’s system for actor training, by a situational acting model. This new model is founded on the idea that emotion is something that actors “do”. Furthermore, a theory of this situational model is advanced where the actor is seen to perform emotion in an interplay with action in three different ways: in the world symbolically as an expression, of the world phenomenologically as in-sensing or out-sensing, and with the world as a becoming – which opens the actor up to greater forces of nature and society.                                      The material in this thesis has been focused on from both a contextualizing and a theoretic perspective. The contextualizing perspective places the actor’s doing of emotions in a historical context. The theoretic aspect concentrates on how performing emotions is realized in practice, and it proceeds from an analysis of two contemporary Swedish examples: the actresses Lena Endre in the role of Lady Macbeth at the Royal Dramatic Theatre in Stockholm in a production of William Shakespeare’s Macbeth from 2006, and Mia Skäringer in her stage show Horny as Hell and Really Holy from 2010. In exploring this material, a combination of Paul Ricoeur’s “hermeneutics of suspicion” and Paul Stoller’s ”sensuous scholarship” is applied.           A synthetic theoretical approach is employed that is set on a phenomenological foundation in combination with theories of emotion and affect as well as gender theory and theatre theory. The discussion is informed by Michael Polanyi to gain an understanding of tacit knowledge and the role of kinesthesia; by Simone de Beauvoir to establish a perspective on the body as a situation; by Sara Ahmed to see the potential for a cultural politics of emotion and a queer view of intentionality; and by Maurice Merleau-Ponty to propose a way of looking at the human being as being of the world as opposed to in the world. Interpretations of a few of Gilles Deleuze’s and Félix Guattari’s concepts such as rhizome, becoming, and body without organs, are added to this list in order to provide a background for what the third way of doing emotion is about.

Depuis le décret 2009-378 visant à favoriser la coopération entre l’Education nationale et le secteur médico-social, l’Ecole ne peut plus être pensée comme un territoire qui s’arrêterait là où commence celui de la filière spécialisée, représentée en France par le secteur médicosocial.Derrière cette volonté, l’enjeu significatif est celui d’un rapprochement entre deux cultures, celle de l’enseignant d’une part, celle de l’éducateur spécialisé d’autre part. C’est dans ce contexte que s’inscrit notre thèse, coproduite par une éducatrice spécialisée et un enseignant.Les acteurs éducatifs étant amenés à coopérer pour répondre au droit à la scolarisation édicté par la loi du 11 février 2005 et aux décrets qui lui font suite, nous cherchons à identifier les fondements de ces cultures et ce qui façonne les pratiques actuelles. Ce travail se situe alors dans une perspective compréhensive et non dans une logique expérimentale guidée par une volonté d’administration de la preuve.Par une démarche ethnographique, combinant l’observation participante et les entretiens semi-dirigés, nous nous approchons au plus près des pratiques. Par l’analyse des données recueillies, nous qualifions chacune de ces cultures et tentons de mettre en lumière les éléments entravant ou facilitant leur coopération.In fine, nous envisageons une nouvelle forme de dialogue entre les enseignants et les professionnels du secteur médico-social. Désormais, ces acteurs doivent s’engager dans une logique d’actions où prévaut le projet de l’enfant, un projet sur lequel les capacités d’expertise des uns et des autres se combinent pour travailler dans la continuité. Nous interrogeons ainsi l’emprunt d’une nouvelle voie, celle qui mène à une culture en commun. / Since the 2009-378 decree which aimed at encouraging cooperation between the French National Educational system and the medico social sector, School hasn’t been considered as a territory that stops where special education starts. The real goal of this decree is to bring two different cultures together that of the teacher and that of special needs worker. This is why this thesis was written jointly by a special needs worker and a teacher.Educational practitioners are to cooperate to respond to the right to schooling determined by the February 11 2005 law, and the decrees that were issued onwards. Thus we aim to identify the basis of these cultures and what shapes school current practices.We did not follow an experimental method guided by the will to produce evidence but a comprehensive in-depth view. Using an ethnographic research approach combining participant observation and a semi-guided interviews enables us to get as close as possible to these practices. Thanks to the data gathered, we identify each of these cultures and attempt to highlight the elements hindering or facilitating the cooperation between teachers and special needs workers. Finally, we are considering a new form of dialogue between teachers and special needs workers.From now on, educational practitioners should adopt working methods in which the child’s project prevails, a project in which teachers and special needs workers’ expertise are combined so as to work together and ensure continuity in the progress of the project.We are thus looking at the possibility of a new approach borrowing elements and practices from the culture of both teachers and special needs workers.

Cette thèse s'intéresse au pilotage des cycles limites pour une classe particulière de systèmes hybrides (SDH): les systèmes commutés cycliques. La thématique des SDH est née du constat d'insuffisance des modèles dynamiques classiques pour décrire les comportements lorsque des aspects évènementiels interviennent. Une classe particulièrement importante de SDH est formée par celle qui présente un régime permanent cyclique. Ces systèmes ont des points de fonctionnement non auto-maintenables: il n'existe pas de commande qui maintienne le système sur ce point. Le maintien n'est assuré qu'en valeur moyenne, en effectuant un cycle dans un voisinage du point par commutation des sous systèmes. L'établissement d'une loi de commutation pour cette classe de systèmes doit répondre aux objectifs de stabilité et de performance dynamique, mais doit également garantir la satisfaction de critères liés à la forme d'onde. A l'heure actuelle, peu de méthodes de commande prennent en compte le caractère cyclique du système. Les travaux de cette thèse ont pour objectif de développer des méthodes génériques et robustes pour piloter cette classe de systèmes. Les algorithmes proposés doivent également pouvoir être implémenté en temps réels. On modélise le système comme un système non - linéaire affine en la commande dont la loi de commande apparait dans le modèle. Ce type de modélisation permet d'envisager deux types de synthèse: l'une à base de commande prédictive et l'autre à base de commande optimale. Ce travail est validé par une partie applicative sur des manipulations dans le CRAN et dans des laboratoires du réseau d'excellence européenne HYCON dans le cadre duquel s'est déroulé cette étude / This work deals with limit cycle control for one particular class of hybrid dynamical systems (HDS): The cyclic switched systems. The HDS were born because the traditional dynamical models were not able to describe complex behaviors and most of all, behaviors with discontinuities. From an application point of view, one important class of HDS depicts a cyclic behavior in steady state. The main characteristic of these systems is that the operation point cannot be maintained: It does not exist a control that maintains the system on a desired operation point. However, this point can be obtained in average by turning into its neighborhood. Thus, a cycle is produced by switching among the system modes. A switched control law must satisfy stability and dynamic performance. Moreover, criteria related to the waveform must be verified. Nowadays, few methods take into account the cyclic behavior of the system. In this research, some generic methods are studied. They show good performance for controlling the cyclic switched systems. The proposed algorithms can be implemented in real-time. The approaches are based on an affine non-linear model of the system whose control explicitly appears. Two control methods are considered: i) A predictive control, ii) An optimal control. Since the predictive control is a good choice for tracking, it will be able to maintain the system in a cycle. The optimal control yields solutions that can be applied to the transients. Some experiments with both control methods applied to the power converters are shown. These tests were carried out not only in our laboratory (CRAN), but also in other laboratories as part of the HYCON excellence network

Em aplicações na área de análise de sobrevivência, é freqüente a ocorrência de função de taxa de falha em forma de U ou unimodal, isto e, funções não-monótonas. Os modelos de regressão comumente usados para dados de sobrevivência são log-Weibull, função de taxa de falha monótona, e log-logística, função de taxa de falha decrescente ou unimodal. Um dos objetivos deste trabalho e propor os modelos de regressão, em forma de locação e escala, log-Weibull estendida que apresenta função de taxa de falha em forma de U e log- Burr XII que tem como caso particular o modelo de regressão log-logística. Considerando dados censurados, foram utilizados três métodos para estimação dos parâmetros, a saber, máxima verossimilhança, bayesiana e jackkinife. Para esses modelos foram calculadas algumas medidas de diagnósticos de influência local e global. Adicionalmente, desenvolveu-se uma análise de resíduos baseada no resíduo tipo martingale. Para diferentes parâmetros taxados, tamanhos de amostra e porcentagens de censuras, várias simulações foram feitas para avaliar a distribuição empírica do resíduo tipo martingale e compará-la com a distribuição normal padrão. Esses estudos sugerem que a distribuição empírica do resíduo tipo martingale para o modelo de regressão log-Weibull estendida com dados censurados aproxima-se de uma distribuição normal padrão quando comparados com outros resíduos considerados neste estudo. Para o modelo de regressão log-Burr XII, foi proposta uma modificação no resíduo tipo martingale baseada no estudo de simulação para obter concordância com a distribuição normal padrão. Conjuntos de dados reais foram utilizados para ilustrar a metodologia desenvolvida. Também pode ocorrer que em algumas aplicações a suposição de independência dos tempos de sobrevivência não é válida. Assim, outro objetivo deste trabalho é introduzir um modelo de regressão log-Burr XII com efeito aleatório para o qual foi proposto um método de estimação para os parâmetros baseado no algoritmo EM por Monte Carlo. Por fim, foi desenvolvido um novo modelo probabilístico denominado de beta Weibull modificado que apresenta cinco parâmetros. A vantagem desse novo modelo é a flexibilidade em acomodar várias formas da função de taxa de falha, por exemplo, U e unimodal, e mostrou-se útil na discriminação entre alguns modelos probabilísticos alternativos. O método de máxima verossimilhança e proposto para estimar os parâmetros desta distribuição. A matriz de informação observada foi calculada. Um conjunto de dados reais é usado para ilustrar a aplicação da nova distribuição / In survival analysis applications, the failure rate function may have frequently unimodal or bathtub shape, that is, non-monotone functions. The regression models commonly used for survival studies are log-Weibull, monotone failure rate function shape, and log-logistic, decreased or unimodal failure rate function shape. In the first part of this thesis, we propose location-scale regression models based on an extended Weibull distribution for modeling data with bathtub-shaped failure rate function and on a Burr XII distribution as an alternative to the log-logistic regression model. Assuming censored data, we consider a classical analysis, a Bayesian analysis and a jackknife estimator for the parameters of the proposed models. For these models, we derived the appropriate matrices for assessing the local influence on the parameter estimates under diferent perturbation schemes, and we also presented some ways to perform global influence. Additionally, we developed residual analy- sis based on the martingale-type residual. For di®erent parameter settings, sample sizes and censoring percentages, various simulation studies were performed and the empirical distribution of the martingale-type residual was displayed and compared with the standard normal distribution. These studies suggest that the empirical distribution of the martingale-type residual for the log-extended Weibull regression model with data censured present a high agreement with the standard normal distribution when compared with other residuals considered in these studies. For the log-Burr XII regression model, it was proposed a change in the martingale-type residual based on some studies of simulation in order to obtain an agreement with the standard normal distribution. Some applications to real data illustrate the usefulness of the methodology developed. It can also happen in some applications that the assumption of independence of the times of survival is not valid, so it was added to the log-Burr XII regression model of random exects for which an estimate method was proposed for the parameters based on the EM algorithm for Monte Carlo simulation. Finally, a five- parameter distribution so called the beta modified Weibull distribution is defined and studied. The advantage of that new distribution is its flexibility in accommodating several forms of the failure rate function, for instance, bathtub-shaped and unimodal shape, and it is also suitable for testing goodness-of-fit of some special sub-models. The method of maximum likelihood is used for estimating the model parameters. We calculate the observed information matrix. A real data set is used to illustrate the application of the new distribution.

Neste trabalho discutimos a análise bayesiana em modelos TRI (Teoria da Resposta ao Item) de três parâmetros com respostas binárias e ordinais, considerando a ligação probito. Em ambos os casos usamos técnicas baseadas em MCCM (método de Monte Carlo baseado em Cadeias de Markov) para estimação dos parâmetros dos itens. No modelo com respostas binárias, consideramos dois conjuntos de dados resultantes de provas com itens de múltipla-escolha. Para esses dados, foi feito um estudo da sensibilidade à escolha de distribuições a priori, além de uma análise das estimativas a posteriori para os parâmetros dos itens: discriminação, dificuldade e probabilidade de acerto ao acaso. Um terceiro conjunto de dados foi utilizado no estudo do modelo com respostas ordinais. Estes dados são provenientes de uma disciplina básica de estatística, onde a prova contêm itens dissertativos. As respostas foram classificadas nas categorias: certa, errada ou parcialmente certa. Utilizamos o programa WinBugs para a estimação dos parâmetros do modelo binário e a função MCMCordfactanal do programa R para estimar os parâmetros do modelo ordinal. Ambos os softwares são não proprietários e gratuitos (livres). / In this dissertation the bayesian analysis for three parameters IRT (Item Response Theory) models with binaries and ordinals responses, considering the probit model, was discussed. For both cases, binary and ordinal, techniques based on MCCM (Monte Carlo Markov Chain) were used to estimate the items parameters. For binary response model, was considered two data sets from tests with multipla choices items. For these two data sets, a sensibility study of the priori distributions choice was considered, and also, an analyses of a posteriori estimates of the items parameters: discrimination, difficulties and guessing. A third data set is used to ilustrate the ordinal response model. This come from an elementar statistical course, where a test with open items is considered. The responses are classified in the following categories: correct, wrong or partial correct. The WinBugs software was used to estimate the parameters for the binary model and, for the ordinal model was considered the function MCMCordfactanal from R program.