A Síndrome de Seckel é uma síndrome genética autossômica recessiva rara, com incidência inferior a 1 portador a cada 1.000.000 de nascidos vivos. Devido a esta baixa incidência, há pouca bibliografia publicada, em sua maioria composta por artigos médicos de relato de caso, sem abordagem sobre os métodos de tratamento fisioterapêutico nos casos de portadores que apresentam atraso no desenvolvimento motor normal. Esta dissertação propõe uma proposta de intervenção de tratamento fisioterapêutico baseado na estimulação sensório-motora para portadores da Síndrome de Seckel com atraso no desenvolvimento motor normal. Foi realizado um estudo de caso com um paciente com diagnóstico clínico da síndrome, ao qual foi aplicado o instrumento de tratamento. A pesquisa iniciou com a avaliação da Medição da Função Motora Grossa, posteriormente o paciente participou das oito sessões propostas pelo instrumento e foi novamente avaliado. A mensuração dos ganhos obtidos pelo paciente para a diminuição do atraso no desenvolvimento motor normal foi obtida pela comparação entre a avaliação inicial e final. Foi analisada cada evolução obtida pelo paciente de forma percentual. O resultado obtido nesta pesquisa apresenta a eficácia da utilização do instrumento de tratamento fisioterapêutico através da estimulação sensório-motora para portadores de Síndrome de Seckel para diminuir o atraso no desenvolvimento motor normal e contribui para a bibliografia sobre o tema. / Seckel syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive genetic syndrome, with an incidence of less than 1 carrier every 1,000,000 births. Because of this low incidence, there is little published literature, mostly composed of medical articles reporting case without approach on methods of physiotherapy in cases of patients who have normal motor developmental delay. This paper proposes an intervention proposal of physiotherapy based on sensorimotor stimulation for Seckel syndrome patients with normal motor development delay. We conducted a case study of a patient with a clinical diagnosis of the syndrome, which was applied to the treatment instrument. The research began with a review of the Gross Motor Function Measure, the patient subsequently participated in eight sessions proposed by the instrument and was again evaluated. The measurement of the gains made by the patient to reduce the delay in normal motor development was assessed by comparing the initial and final assessments. We analyzed each patient evolution obtained by a percentage. The results obtained in this study shows the effectiveness of using the instrument of physical therapy through sensorimotor stimulation for patients with Seckel syndrome to decrease the delay in normal motor development and contributes to the literature on the subject.

La schizophrénie est un trouble mental débilitant qui se caractérise par des perturbations de la pensée, des émotions et de la cognition. Ces processus d’intégration fonctionnelle sont généralement associés à des oscillations bioélectriques cérébrales synchrones dans la bande de fréquence gamma (30-80 Hz), lesquelles sont aussi altérées chez des patients souffrant de schizophrénie. Ce travail de thèse vise à développer des méthodes et des outils pour étudier les mécanismes neuronaux sous-tendant les altérations de ces oscillations physiopathologiques. Pour ce faire, nous avons développé des modèles de rongeurs de laboratoire pour la schizophrénie. Nous avons démontré que des modifications génétiques ou pharmacologiques conduisent à des perturbations des oscillations gamma et que des médicaments antipsychotiques peuvent les moduler. / Schizophrenia is a debilitating mental disorder that is characterised by a breakdown in normal thought processes, blunted emotional responses and a variety of cognitive difficulties. Gamma frequency (30 – 80 Hz) oscillations are associated with many processes that are disrupted in people with schizophrenia memory, perception and attention. This thesis aimed to develop methods and tools to investigate the basic mechanisms that underlie the alterations in gamma frequency brain activity that are observed in patients suffering from schizophrenia. To do this we developed a variety of experimental animal models for schizophrenia. We successfully demonstrated that both genetic and pharmacological changes lead to alterations in gamma oscillations and that antipsychotic medications can modulate them.

This project encompasses program evaluations of infant massage intervention and its impact in the overall development of infants and children born with disabilities or babies born at risk for developmental delays.

In 2 experiments, I investigated the role of conditioned seeing on incidental bidirectional naming (Inc-BiN) for unfamiliar stimuli and reading achievement. In Experiment 1, I investigated the correlation, associations, and differences between conditioned seeing, Inc-BiN, and measures of reading achievement for 49 participants in kindergarten through second grade. Unfamiliar visual stimuli were presented with spoken words during a naming experience and participants’ stimulus control for conditioned seeing was measured by drawing responses in the absence of the target stimuli. Reading achievement measures included Winter and Spring diagnostic scores from the iReady® K-12 Adaptive Reading diagnostic (Curriculum Associates, LLC, 2017). Pearson’s correlation analyses showed that participants’ stimulus control for conditioned seeing was significantly correlated with all measures of reading achievement and the stimulus control for untaught listener responses (Inc-UniN), 𝘳 (47) = .440, 𝑝 = .002, and untaught speaker responses (Inc-BiN), 𝘳 (47) = .384, 𝑝 = .007. A Spearman’s rank correlation test showed that participants’ performance percentile for the iReady® reading diagnostic was also significantly correlated with participants’ stimulus control for conditioned seeing. Lastly, results from the independent sample t-tests showed that there were significant differences in participants’ stimulus control for Inc-UniN and Inc-BiN and reading achievement as a function of low and high stimulus control for conditioned seeing. Experiment 1 established the need to further investigate conditioned seeing and its effects on reading comprehension and Inc-BiN for students in kindergarten through second grade, thus in Experiment 2, I investigated the effects of a multiple exemplar instruction (MEI) across delayed selection and production responses intervention on the establishment of conditioned seeing for 6 kindergarten students. Furthermore, I investigated the effects of the establishment conditioned seeing on reading comprehension, conditioned reinforcement for books without pictures, and Inc-BiN. Results show that the MEI across delayed selection and production responses was effective in establishing conditioned seeing for all participants. Results further show that the establishment of conditioned seeing resulted in increases in measures for reading comprehension and the reinforcement value for books without pictures. Though the establishment of conditioned seeing did not establish Inc-BiN for participants, Experiment 2 demonstrates the need to further investigate the relation between conditioned seeing and Inc-BiN in young readers.

No description available.

Contexte : Le traitement des informations externes étant toujours présent pendant le sommeil, présenter des stimulations sensorielles durant le sommeil peut en améliorer la qualité. Le mouvement latéral et doux d’un lit berçant, a montré des résultats prometteurs chez l’humain et la souris, sur une seule nuit chez des bons dormeurs. Objectif : L’objectif de ce projet pilote est d’évaluer les effets préliminaires du bercement durant le sommeil (mouvement latéral, 0.25Hz) sur la qualité du sommeil pendant plusieurs nuits consécutives. Nous cherchons à tester notre lit berceur et à reproduire les effets bénéfiques trouvés dans la littérature sur la qualité du sommeil, et à déterminer si ses effets se maintiennent lors de plusieurs nuits. Méthodologies : Le sommeil de 8 jeunes bons dormeurs (24.25  3.20 ans), a été évalué objectivement (polysomnographie, PSG), et subjectivement (questionnaires) durant 6 nuits, dont 5 nuits expérimentales sur le lit berceur (3 nuits bercées (B), 2 nuits stationnaires (S)). Résultats : Lors de B1, les participants ont passé moins de temps en sommeil profond (N3; p=0.013), et plus de temps éveillé (p=0.03) que lors de S1. En B2 ils ont passé plus de temps éveillé qu’en S2 (p=0.039), moins en B2 qu’en B1 (p=0.023), sans changements entre S1 et S2 ni entre B2 et B3 (toutes p>0.05), bien que 6/8 participants ont augmenté leur %N3 et diminué leur %N1+N2 de B2 à B3. Aucune influence du bercement sur la qualité du sommeil subjective, l’humeur ou la perception du sommeil n’est ressortie (toutes p>0.05). Conclusion : Au cours des 3 nuits bercées, une habituation du dormeur au bercement semble se produire. L’absence de résultats bénéfiques viendrait des propriétés de l’accélération linéaire du moteur. / Context: Since the process of external information continues during sleep, presenting sensory stimuli during sleep can enhance its quality. The gentle lateral movement of a rocking bed has shown promising results in humans and mice during a single night with good sleepers. Objective: The objective of this pilot study is to evaluate the preliminary effects of rocking during sleep (lateral movement, 0.25Hz) on sleep quality over multiple consecutive nights. We aim to test our rocking bed and replicate the beneficial effects found in the literature on sleep quality, as well as determine if these effects persist over several nights. Methodology: The sleep of 8 young good sleepers (24.25 ± 3.20 years) was objectively assessed (polysomnography, PSG) and subjectively evaluated (questionnaires) over 6 nights, including 5 experimental nights on the rocking bed (3 rocking nights (B), 2 stationary nights (S)). Results: During B1, participants spent less time in deep sleep (N3; p=0.013) and more time awake (p=0.03) compared to S1. They spent more time awake in B2 than in S2 (p=0.039), and in B2 than in B1 (p=0.023), with no changes between S1 and S2 nor between B2 and B3 (all p>0.05). However, 6/8 participants increased their %N3 and decreased their %N1+N2 from B2 to B3. No influence of rocking on subjective sleep quality, mood, or sleep perception was observed (all p>0.05). Conclusion: Over the course of the 3 rocking nights, a habituation of the participant to the rocking movement seems to occur. The absence of beneficial results may be attributed to the linear acceleration properties of the motor.

Dyslexia is a difficulty in learning to read and write, with many implications for the children because of emotional and behavioral problems. The suspicion that they might experience problems with sensory integration as well, is confirmed in the literature. The purpose of sensory stimulation in Gestalt playtherapy is to raise the level of awareness of themselves and in this research, playtherapy was done with three primary school children with dyslexia. Information was further obtained through a literature study, semi-structured interviews and observations. It was clear that the sensory stimulation was part of the therapeutic sessions and led to thoughts, feelings, and behaviour. The qualitative characteristics which the sensations had for the children were observed and confirmed by the literature. Conclusions and recommendations were made according to the objectives of the study and this research made an important contribution to understanding the sensory awareness of children with dyslexia. Opsomming Disleksie is `n leergeremdheid met baie implikasies vir die kinders en wat kan lei tot emosionele en gedragsprobleme omdat hulle nie altyd aanvaar word deur hul portuurgroep nie. Die vermoede dat kinders met disleksie ook probleme ondervind met sensoriese integrasie, is in die literatuur bevestig. In hierdie navorsing is Gestaltspelterapie gedoen met drie laerskool kinders met disleksie om die kinders se bewussynsvlak van hulself te verhoog. Inligting is verder ingesamel deur `n literatuurstudie, waarneming en semi-gestruktureerde onderhoude met kundiges en ouers. Die kwalitatiewe kenmerke wat die sensasies vir die kinders gehad het is waargeneem en dit was duidelik dat die sensoriese stimulasie wat deel van die spelterapiesessies was, aanleiding gegee het tot voorgrondse gedagtes, gevoelens en gedrag. Hierdie waarnemings is in die literatuur bevestig en gevolgtrekkings en aanbevelings is volgens die doelwitte gemaak. Gevolglik het hierdie navorsing `n belangrike bydrae gelewer om die sensoriese belewenis van kinders met disleksie beter te verstaan. / Social Work / M.Diac. (Spelterapie)

Dyslexia is a difficulty in learning to read and write, with many implications for the children because of emotional and behavioral problems. The suspicion that they might experience problems with sensory integration as well, is confirmed in the literature. The purpose of sensory stimulation in Gestalt playtherapy is to raise the level of awareness of themselves and in this research, playtherapy was done with three primary school children with dyslexia. Information was further obtained through a literature study, semi-structured interviews and observations. It was clear that the sensory stimulation was part of the therapeutic sessions and led to thoughts, feelings, and behaviour. The qualitative characteristics which the sensations had for the children were observed and confirmed by the literature. Conclusions and recommendations were made according to the objectives of the study and this research made an important contribution to understanding the sensory awareness of children with dyslexia. Opsomming Disleksie is `n leergeremdheid met baie implikasies vir die kinders en wat kan lei tot emosionele en gedragsprobleme omdat hulle nie altyd aanvaar word deur hul portuurgroep nie. Die vermoede dat kinders met disleksie ook probleme ondervind met sensoriese integrasie, is in die literatuur bevestig. In hierdie navorsing is Gestaltspelterapie gedoen met drie laerskool kinders met disleksie om die kinders se bewussynsvlak van hulself te verhoog. Inligting is verder ingesamel deur `n literatuurstudie, waarneming en semi-gestruktureerde onderhoude met kundiges en ouers. Die kwalitatiewe kenmerke wat die sensasies vir die kinders gehad het is waargeneem en dit was duidelik dat die sensoriese stimulasie wat deel van die spelterapiesessies was, aanleiding gegee het tot voorgrondse gedagtes, gevoelens en gedrag. Hierdie waarnemings is in die literatuur bevestig en gevolgtrekkings en aanbevelings is volgens die doelwitte gemaak. Gevolglik het hierdie navorsing `n belangrike bydrae gelewer om die sensoriese belewenis van kinders met disleksie beter te verstaan. / Social Work / M.Diac. (Spelterapie)

<p>Barn med Down syndrom (DS) har problem med hypotonus och hyposensitivitet som begränsar rörligheten i ansiktets och munnens muskulatur, vilket därmed försvårar tal och sväljning. Målet med en intra- och extraoralsensorisk behandling är att öka medvetenheten och kontrollen av munnens muskulatur, dess rörelser, spänning och känsel.  Syfte med föreliggande studie var att undersöka effekten av en intra- och extraoralsensorisk intensivbehandling med eltandborste hos en grupp barn med DS och hypotonus. Effekten valdes att studeras utifrån områdena orofacial funktion, läppslutning, talproduktion och oralsensorik. Nio barn i åldrarna 6 till 12 år genomgick behandlingen med fyra behandlingstillfällen i veckan under fyra veckor. Före behandlingsstarten gjordes en baseline-mätning och efter utvärderades behandlingseffekten vid tre tillfällen, utspritt på tre veckor. Bedömningsmaterialet som användes bestod av NOT-S och kompletterande intervjufrågor till föräldrar, delar av STORM och SVANTE samt eftersägning.  Resultaten visar på att det sker någon form av förbättring för alla deltagare, inom minst ett område. Effekten av behandlingen varierade mellan deltagarna. Det är därför viktigt med individanpassad intervention, då samma metod inte alltid fungerar, är meningsfull och mottas lika bra hos alla patienter.</p> / <p>Children with Down syndrome (DS) have problems with hypotonia and hyposensitivity restricting movement of the face and mouth muscles, thus impeding speaking and swallowing. The goal of intra- and extraoral sensory processing is to increase awareness and control of the oral muscles, its movements, tension and oral sensation. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of an intra- and extraoral sensory intensive treatment with electric toothbrush in a group of children with DS and hypotonia. The effects were studied from the perspectives of orofacial function, lip closure, speech production and oral sensitivity. Nine children aged 6 to 12 years underwent treatment with four sessions per week for four weeks. Before starting treatment, a baseline was performed and afterwards the effects of the treatment were evaluated on three occasions over a period of three weeks. Assessment materials included NOT-S and additional interview questions for the parents, part of STORM and SVANTE, as well as repetition. The results show that there is improvement for all participants in at least one of the studied areas. The outcome of the treatment varied between the participants. Therefore it can be important with individualized intervention, as the same method does not always work or may not be appropriate and not received the same by all patients.</p>

Barn med Down syndrom (DS) har problem med hypotonus och hyposensitivitet som begränsar rörligheten i ansiktets och munnens muskulatur, vilket därmed försvårar tal och sväljning. Målet med en intra- och extraoralsensorisk behandling är att öka medvetenheten och kontrollen av munnens muskulatur, dess rörelser, spänning och känsel.  Syfte med föreliggande studie var att undersöka effekten av en intra- och extraoralsensorisk intensivbehandling med eltandborste hos en grupp barn med DS och hypotonus. Effekten valdes att studeras utifrån områdena orofacial funktion, läppslutning, talproduktion och oralsensorik. Nio barn i åldrarna 6 till 12 år genomgick behandlingen med fyra behandlingstillfällen i veckan under fyra veckor. Före behandlingsstarten gjordes en baseline-mätning och efter utvärderades behandlingseffekten vid tre tillfällen, utspritt på tre veckor. Bedömningsmaterialet som användes bestod av NOT-S och kompletterande intervjufrågor till föräldrar, delar av STORM och SVANTE samt eftersägning.  Resultaten visar på att det sker någon form av förbättring för alla deltagare, inom minst ett område. Effekten av behandlingen varierade mellan deltagarna. Det är därför viktigt med individanpassad intervention, då samma metod inte alltid fungerar, är meningsfull och mottas lika bra hos alla patienter. / Children with Down syndrome (DS) have problems with hypotonia and hyposensitivity restricting movement of the face and mouth muscles, thus impeding speaking and swallowing. The goal of intra- and extraoral sensory processing is to increase awareness and control of the oral muscles, its movements, tension and oral sensation. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of an intra- and extraoral sensory intensive treatment with electric toothbrush in a group of children with DS and hypotonia. The effects were studied from the perspectives of orofacial function, lip closure, speech production and oral sensitivity. Nine children aged 6 to 12 years underwent treatment with four sessions per week for four weeks. Before starting treatment, a baseline was performed and afterwards the effects of the treatment were evaluated on three occasions over a period of three weeks. Assessment materials included NOT-S and additional interview questions for the parents, part of STORM and SVANTE, as well as repetition. The results show that there is improvement for all participants in at least one of the studied areas. The outcome of the treatment varied between the participants. Therefore it can be important with individualized intervention, as the same method does not always work or may not be appropriate and not received the same by all patients.