An investigation was done into the recovery of invert sugar from sugar cane molasses. A pilot plant was designed and constructed to evaluate the clarification and separation of molasses to produce invert sugar syrup. The aim of the pilot plant was to prove the process and deliver data so as to facilitate the design and prove the financial viability of a commercial plant. The pilot plant had to process 300 kg/day of molasses. The clarification of molasses by centrifugal separation, a known desludging process, did not produce a product of acceptable quality which could be used in a chromatographic separator. The results were disappointing. The product obtained was also not suitable for dead end pressure filtration. The turbidity remaining after the centrifugal separation also did not respond to a second flocculation process. Conventional settling clarification was investigated. Seven factors that could influence the consolidation and settling of suspended solids in molasses were identified, namely: the age of the diluted molasses, the temperature of the flocculated mixture, the variations across various batches of flocculant, the effect of reaction time of the phosphoric acid, the optimum flocculant dosing concentration, the optimum concentration of the molasses solution and the effect of increasing the acid dosage. The optimum conditions to clarify molasses through settling were found to be: fresh molasses, at 28 Brix and 60°C, allowing 10 min intervals between acidification with 3,75 g (as 100%) phosphoric acid/ kg dry material (assumed equal to Brix) and neutralisation with 5 g (as 100%) caustic/kg dry material (assumed equal to Brix), flocculation with any batch of flocculant 6195, dosed as a 1000 ppm solution. Commercial equipment was evaluated. The pilot plant E-cat clarifier was operated at 300 l/h and a thick sludge formed. The overflow was clear and it could be filtered. The molasses obtained was suitable for chromatographic separation. The recovery of sugars from molasses sludge has economic merit. From the evaluation of centrifugal separation and gravity separation it is clear that gravity separation again is the best method. The sweet-water obtained is consistent within the clarity requirement of 10 NTU/Brix and can be used to dilute raw molasses in the upstream processing step. The clarification process that was developed is patented. [Bekker, Stolz et.al. (2001)] A sugar recovery of 93.9 mass % at a purity of 99.7 mass % from molasses, was achieved using a simulated moving bed, ion exclusion, pilot plant. The operating conditions for this performance were: feed flow at 14 l/h and at a temperature above 60 °C; water flow at 63 l/h and at a temperature above 65 °C; extract flow at 21 l/h; raffinate flow at 56 l/h; loop flow at 78 l/h and step time at 1326 seconds. This relates to the following bed volumes of the various separation zones: Bed Volume Zone 1 = 0.694; Bed Volume Zone 2 = 0.591; Bed Volume Zone 3 = 0.661; Bed Volume Zone 4 = 0.383. There is a trade-off between purity and recovery and a reduction in water usage. A preliminary environmental impact assessment and conceptual mass balance were done. The proposed plant integrates well into the existing Komati Mill of TSB and does not pose any significant environmental threat. The plant requires certain services from the mill. The mass balance investigated the water and steam consumption of the plant. Process integration was done so as to obtain the optimum utility consumption. The utility consumption of the plant does not exceed the capacity available at the mill. A small boiler is however required to produce steam during the annual mill maintenance period. Various techniques were used in a cost estimation for the invert sugar plant. The internal rate of return (IRR) is 42% for a fixed capital investment of R94,270,000.00. The net return rate (NRR) for the project is 4%/year, the net present value (NPV) - discounted at a 30% cost-of-capital is R41,782,000.00. The net payout time (NPT) is 5.207 years. The project fulfils the financial requirements set by TSB. It is now possible and viable to desugarize cane molasses.

MSc dissertation - Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment / Waste electrolyte from fluorine cells is a major waste problem for the fluorine chemical industry. Processes have to be developed to reduce, recycle and re-use the spent electrolyte that has up to now been stockpiled. This dissertation is a compilation of the research work that has been done to derive a process to treat waste electrolyte for re-use. Different conversion processes were investigated to develop a Waste Management plan for the fluorine generating facility in respect of the electrolyte. Gravity settling, centrifuging, filtration, the addition of KF.HF to the to the electrolyte to decrease the HF concentration in the electrolyte and consequently decrease the solubility of Fe, Cu and Ni and addition of NaOH to the electrolyte to convert soluble Fe to the insoluble triple salt were tested. Gravity settling and centrifuging were shown to produce the best solution. However, significant sedimentation of the insoluble metal impurities in the electrolyte is timeously. The implementation of sedimentation as an industrial separation process to purify waste electrolyte of excess metal impurities is therefore impractical. The results indicated that sparging molten electrolyte with N2 gas to remove HF (thus precipitating soluble Fe, Cu and Ni, and removing moisture to reduce corrosion of metal components), followed by sediment centrifuging, appears to be a practical basis for an industrial waste electrolyte treatment process. During an assessment carried out by the Economics Trends Research Group (ETRG) (3) at the University of Cape Town a strong argument was made for the need to direct companies in South Africa to address environmental concerns with high priority. In South Africa there is very little awareness of the concept of Clean Technology. Not only must the level of contamination be reduced before waste is released into the environment, but natural resources like water must be conserved, and energy consumption must be reduced. Public concern over degradation of the environment can no longer be ignored. Globally, the chemical industries are considered to be the main culprits in the degradation of the environment. The assessment carried out by the ETRG showed that the chemical industries are classed among the top 5 generators of toxic and hazardous waste in every country. The metallurgical sector (mining) is in most cases classed as the top waste generator. Development and implementation of technologies that are more efficient are not a matter of choice any more. Each new facility that is developed should meet the challenge of generating as little waste as possible. Unfortunately, many old industries and facilities did not focus on increasing efficiency and minimising waste. These old facilities experience a challenge now to develop technology to make them part of this Cleaner Production and Technology era. Cleaner Production implies generating less effluent or waste and recycling waste to be used as raw material in the same or another facility. Cleaner Production also concentrates on the increase of efficiency but this is often limited by the chemical properties of substances. This research was based on the ideas for implementation of Cleaner Production in the fluorine generation facility at Necsa. Waste reduction almost always implies investment in equipment and development of new technologies. However there is ample evidence to show that the cost of rehabilitation of contaminated environment is exceedingly high in comparison with the precautionary steps taken to prevent contamination. Waste/Effluent Management have become new buzz words in the industrial environment.

Este trabalho apresenta o estudo desenvolvido no Reservatório de Salto Grande (Americana, São Paulo) durante o período de agosto de 1996 a julho de 1997, para avaliar a taxa de sedimentação de material em suspensão alóctone que entra no reservatório pelo rio Atibaia (principal afluente) e pela área de entorno, bem como seus efeitos sobre as características físicas, químicas e biológicas do sistema e sua relação com o uso e ocupação da bacia hidrográfica, climatologia e mecanismos operacionais da barragem. Para tanto, foram selecionadas cinco estações de coleta considerando-se a morfometria do reservatório, nas quais foram colocadas, mensalmente, câmaras de sedimentação na proporção comprimento/diâmetro 3:1, a 30 e 70% da profundidade local, durante um período de 24 horas. Paralelamente à incubação, foram efetuadas medidas iniciais da temperatura, pH, condutividade, oxigênio dissolvido, penetração de luz, material em suspensão e nutrientes (nitrogênio e fósforo total), sendo que do material sedimentado foram quantificados os nutrientes totais e dissolvidos, material em suspensão (total, inorgânico e orgânico), clorofila a e feofitina. Os dados obtidos demonstram um gradiente de deposição de material em suspensão no sentido do rio Atibaia (Estação 1) para a barragem (Estação 5), com valores mais elevados no período chuvoso (taxa de sedimentação de 90,0 mg.cm -2 .dia -1 e 2,23 mg.cm -2 .dia -1 nas estações 1 e 5, respectivamente) em relação ao período seco (taxa de sedimentação de 6,0 mg.cm -2 .dia -1 e 1,0 mg.cm -2 .dia -1 nas estações 1 e 5, respectivamente). A maior contribuição do material em suspensão corresponde à fração inorgânica (entre 60 e 90%) em todas as estações no período chuvoso, sendo que no período seco a fração orgânica torna-se mais expressiva nas estações 3, 4 e 5 (aproximadamente 50%). A deposição de nitrogênio e fósforo total apresenta um comportamento semelhante ao do material em suspensão, com valores máximos nas câmaras de sedimentação incubadas a 70%. As taxas de sedimentação de nitrogênio variaram entre 0,1 a 1,0 mg N.cm -2 .dia -1 (estação 1, em julho e dezembro de 1996, respectivamente) e as de fósforo entre 4,0 e 50,0 µg P.cm -2 .dia -1 (estação 1, em julho e dezembro de 1996, respectivamente). Para as outras variáveis analisadas, também verificou-se as diferenças espacial (gradiente horizontal) e temporal, as quais foram mais acentuadas entre os períodos seco e chuvoso. Considerando-se os fatores que influenciam o processo de sedimentação, os principais foram a precipitação, a vazão, o tempo de residência da água e as atividades desenvolvidas na área de entorno do reservatório, com períodos diferenciados nas culturas existentes (principalmente a da cana-de-açúcar). Em relação as fontes de entrada de material alóctone, verifica-se que o rio Atibaia é o principal contribuinte, sendo que 90% desse material é depositado preferencialmente nas estações 1 e 2, formando um delta na entrada do reservatório. Os dados obtidos para taxa de sedimentação de material em suspensão e nutrientes (como fósforo e nitrogênio total), em comparação a outros sistemas, são considerados elevados, demonstrando o elevado processo de eutrofização, a perda dos usos múltiplos e a diminuição da vida útil do reservatório, bem como os impactos gerados pelas atividades antropogênicas desenvolvidas na bacia hidrográfica, influenciando a qualidade de água do sistema. / The present work shows the study developed in Salto Grande Reservoir (Americana-SP), from August 1996 to July 1997, to determine the sedimentation rate of allocthonous material, inputted in the reservoir by its main tributary (Atibaia river) and by the watershed, relationed with the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of the system and its relationship with the landuse, climatology and operational mechanisms of the dam. Five samplig stations were selected considering the reservoir morfometry, where sedimentation traps (aspect ratio 3:1) were incubeded monthly, at 30 e 70% of the local depht, during 24 hours. At the moment of incubation, water temperature, pH, conductivity, dissolved oxigen, light penetration, suspended matter and nutrients (total phosphorus and nitrogen) were measured. In the settled material, dissolved and total nutrients, suspended matter (total, inorganic and organic), chlorophyll a and phaeopigments were determined. The data shows a deposition gradient of the suspended matter from Atibaia river (sampling station 1) toward to the dam (sampling station 5), with higher values in rainy season (90,0 mg.cm -2 .day -1 and 2,23 mg.cm -2 .day -1 at station 1 and 5 respectively) compared with dry season (6,0 mg.cm -2 .day -1 and 1,0 mg.cm -2 .day -1 at station 1 and 5, respectively). The major contribution of the suspended matter is given by the inorganic component (60 to 90%) at all stations in the rainy season, however, in dry season the organic component became more expressive at stations 3, 4 and 5 (about 50%). The settling flux of total nitrogen and total phosphorus shows the same pattern of the suspended matter, with maximun values in the traps incubeded at 70%. The sedimentation rate for total nitrogen varied from 0,1 mg.cm -2 .day -1 to 1,0 mg.cm -2 .day -1 (sampling station 1, in July and December 1996, respectively) and for total phosphorus from 4 µg.cm -2 .day -1 to 50,0 µg.cm -2 .day -1 (sampling station 1, in July and December 1996, respectively). The main factors that influence the sedimentation process are precipitation, inflow, residence time of water and the different land use around the reservoir, mainly the sugar cane culture. Regarding to allochtonous material sources inputted in the reservoir, was observed that the principal contribution is from Atibaia river, settling about 90% of the suspended matter between station 1 and 2, where there is the formation of a delta. Sedimentation rate data for suspended matter and nutrients (total phosphorus and nitrogen), are considered very high when comparing with other systems, showing a increase on eutrofication process, lost of multiple uses and the siltation of the reservoir’s entry.

Submitted by Maicon Juliano Schmidt (maicons) on 2015-04-17T16:48:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Marlon Borges Pestana.pdf: 87887729 bytes, checksum: 74cddc228ed3b0cba3dd27d7af2e7ae0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-17T16:48:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marlon Borges Pestana.pdf: 87887729 bytes, checksum: 74cddc228ed3b0cba3dd27d7af2e7ae0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-01-31 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A área de pesquisa se estende por 16,0 km a partir dos 21L 0323756E 8298272N até os 21L0317212E 8307359N. O ambiente é de cerrado, limitado ao sul pelo bioma do Pantanal matogrossense, ao norte pela floresta amazônica. No espaço da pesquisa existem três tipos de vegetação característica: a floresta aluvial, em neossolo quartzarênico, na planície de inundação; a savana arbórea densa ou cerradão, em argissolo vermelho-amarelo eutrófico, no terraço fluvial; e a savana arbórea aberta em galeria ou campo cerrado, em solo podzólico com a presença de um horizonte de cascalho a cerca de 0,60 m de profundidade, na meia encosta. O estudo de 34 sítios cerâmicos aponta para três formas de implantação: o predominante é em cima da borda do terraço fluvial, distante entre 30,0 e 80,0 m do rio, com 40,0 a 65,0 m de tamanho, espessura estratigráfica entre 20,0 e 40,0 cm e de 5,0 a 10,0 cm abaixo da superfície; a 2ª ocorre na planície de inundação, entre 20,0 e 45,0 m distante da linha d?água, com 20,0 a 45,0 m de tamanho, uma camada arqueológica variando entre 20,0 e 60,0 cm, a partir de 10,0 a 20,0 cm da superfície; e a 3ª, na meia encosta, afastada entre 120,0 e 340,0 m da margem do rio Jauru, com 10,0 a 15,0 m de extensão, predominantemente superficial, eventualmente com uma camada arqueológica entre 5,0 e 10,0 cm a partir da superfície. O resultado da análise do material e da implantação dos sítios indica a presença de diferentes culturas; ele foi comparado com as culturas ceramistas da área propostas em trabalhos anteriores que se referem à tradição Uru, característica dos cerrados do Brasil Central, à tradição Descalvado característica da borda setentrional do Pantanal e à tradição Descalvado/Pantanal, característica do ambiente alagado. O estudo pretendeu dar uma contribuição para uma área hoje ambiental e socialmente de fronteira, comprovando a existência, no passado arqueológico, da mesma característica. Observando o povoamento por cultivadores é possível separar claramente dois sistemas de assentamento. Ambos ocuparam os vários ambientes disponíveis, mas de forma diferenciada. O ambiente de Cerrado, entre o Pantanal e a Amazônia, oferece uma combinação de clima, solo e vegetação que produz um espaço favorável ao estabelecimento de populações que realizam cultivos nas áreas mais florestadas ao longo do rio ou em manchas isoladas de floresta, ao mesmo tempo em que exploram os abundantes recursos do Cerrado. O sistema que usa cerâmica temperada com areia é semelhante à ocupação denominada por diversos pesquisadores da área de tradição Descalvado. O sistema que usa cerâmica temperada com cariapé é semelhante à ocupação denominada por diversos pesquisadores da área de tradição Uru. A tradição Descalvado costuma ser atribuída a grupos da família lingüística Arawak. A tradição Uru costuma ser atribuída a grupos da família lingüística Macro-Jê. / The study area extends over 16.0 km from 21L 0323756E 8298272N 8307359N 0317212E up to 21L 0317212E 8307359N. The environment is closed, bounded on the south by biome Pantanal, to the north by Amazon. In the research area there are three types of characteristic vegetation: alluvial forest in Psament, the floodplain, dense wooded savanna or cerrado, red - Ultisol in fluvial terrace and open wooded savanna or cerrado grassland in gallery in podzolic soil with the presence of a horizon of gravel at about 0.60 m depth in the hillside. The study of 34 ceramic sites points to three ways of implementation: the predominant is on the edge of the river terrace, far between 30.0 and 80.0 m from the river, with 40.0 to 65.0 m in size, thickness stratigraphic between 20.0 cm and 40.0 and 5.0 at 10.0 cm below the surface; the 2nd is in the flood plain, between 20.0 and 45.0 m away from the waterline, with 20.0 to 45.0 m in size, an archaeological layer varying between 20.0 and 60.0 cm , from 10.0 to 20.0 inches from the surface; and 3rd, the hillside away between 120.0 and 340.0 m from the bank of the river Jauru, with 10.0 15.0 m in length predominantly superficial, possibly with an archaeological layer between 5.0 and 10,0 cm from the surface. The result of the analysis of the material and the deployment of sites indicates that different types of sites represent different cultures; it was compared with the cultures of the proposed area potters in previous papers related to Uru tradition, characteristic of savannas of central Brazil, the tradition Descalvado characteristic of the northern edge of the Pantanal and Descalvado/Pantanal wetland environment characteristic of tradition. This study attempts to make a contribution to an environmental area today and socially border, proving that archaeological past she would have the same feature. Watching the settlement by growers is possible to separate clearly two systems of settlement. Both occupied the various environments available, but differently. The environment Cerrado, Pantanal and the Amazon between, offering a combination of climate, soil and vegetation that produces favorable to the establishment of populations that carry crops in more wooded areas along the river or in isolated patches of forest area, while in exploiting the abundant resources of the Cerrado. The system uses tempered pottery with sand is similar to the occupation called by various researchers in Descalvado tradition. The system uses tempered pottery with cariapé is similar to the occupation called by various researchers in Uru tradition. The Descalvado tradition is often attributed to groups of Arawak linguistic family. The Uru tradition is often attributed to groups of Macro-Jê linguistic family.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T19:20:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ivan Barbosa Martins.pdf: 4073803 bytes, checksum: 1eb66cf8b283d61259df1dfb79b8c9c8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-10-19 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The process of settling of Brazil IF gave Portugal after to consist as Kingdom and transforming into maritime country, searched the interests of the classrooms noble and members of the Church Catholic, transforming into a national Project with commercial impulses ando f religious mission. The entailing enters the Company of Jesus and Portugal is fact that if structure, then after its foundation for Inácio de Loyola, the Jesuits formed a religious corporation destined to constituent of the elite military service to be used in the Against-Reformation, in the fight in favor of the religion undertaken for the Pope. The sprouting of the Embu (M Boy), is atrelado in this interest, therefore we make na analvsis of the process f itssprouting. We search to understandthe paper of the missionaries, how much the ideal of the faith and the catequista settling, that the activity of the Company evidences, and the strategies articulated in promoting its facts to keep the cultural monopoly and to lead the sheep. The meeting between Jesuits and aboriginalds, was to sth by expectations and dicoveries in relation to the cultural process of universes that divergiam and ressignificavam, but that it was necessary for the social maintenance. The resulto of this meeting was, a popular religiousing marketing by a revealed religious sincretismo through religious parties. Therefore, the research object is the formation of Embu, city of the region metropolitan of São Paulo. We search the jesuítica action and the process of catequização of the guarani, and the cultural relations resultant of a religious ressignificação that resulted in the society of Embu a typically popular catolicismo. I Will be analyzing the colonial period, specifically that referring of São Paulo, even enter 1554 for 1700 return, in which if it consolidates the paper of the Pe. Belchior Pontes, then considered the founder of this city / O processo de colonização do Brasil se deu após Portugal constituir-se como Reino, cuja vocação para a expansão marítima, alinhada aos os interesses de nobres e membros da Igreja Católica, transformou a colonização em um projeto nacional, com impulsos comerciais e religiosos. O vínculo entre a Companhia de Jesus e Portugal é fato que se estrutura logo após a sua fundação por Inácio de Loyola. Os jesuítas formavam uma corporação religiosa destinada a constituir uma milícia de elite no combate à Contra-Reforma, na luta em prol da religião liderada pelo Papa. O surgimento do Embu (M Boy) está atrelado a esses interesses, por isso fazemos uma análise do processo de seu surgimento. Buscamos compreender o papel dos missionários quanto ao ideal de fé, à colonização catequista e às estratégias empregadas no processo de conversão dos nativos. O encontro entre jesuítas e indígenas foi cercado de expectativas e descobertas em relação ao processo cultural de universos que divergiam e se ressignificavam. O resultado deste encontro foi uma religiosidade popular marcada por um sincretismo, manifestado através de festas religiosas. Portanto, o objeto de pesquisa é a formação de Embu, município da região metropolitana de São Paulo. Pesquisamos a ação jesuítica, o processo de catequização dos guaranis e as relações culturais resultantes de uma ressignificação religiosa que produziram na sociedade de Embu um catolicismo tipicamente popular. Analisaremos o período colonial, especificamente aquele referente a São Paulo, entre 1554 e 1700, no qual se consolida o papel do padre Belchior Pontes, considerado então o fundador dessa cidade

Using Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulations, the flow in the new University of Sydney closed circuit wind tunnel has been analyzed prior to the construction of the tunnel. The objective was to obtain a uniform flow in the test section of the wind tunnel while keeping the pressure losses over the tunnel as low as possible. This was achieved by using several flow-improving components such as guide vanes, screens, a honeycomb and a settling chamber. The guide vanes were used in the corners and in the diverging part leading into the settling chamber, giving a significant improvement of the flow as they prevent it from taking undesired paths. The settling chamber is used to decelerate the flow before it is accelerated when leaving the settling chamber, a process which reduces the turbulence in the flow. Screens were used in the settling chamber to further improve the flow by imposing a pressure drop which evens out differences in the flow speed and reduces the turbulence. The honeycomb, which is situated in the end of the settling chamber, makes the flow more uniform by forcing it to go in only one direction. A uniform flow was obtained using three screens and one honeycomb together with the guide vanes and the settling chamber.

This thesis is an investigation on water reuse in the fresh-cut fruits and vegetable industry. Fresh water is used intensively in washing, cutting/peeling processes and disinfecting fruits and vegetables, as a result washwater with heavy solids is generated. Effective removal of solids is needed to allow for water reuse. Thus dissolved air flotation (DAF) and centrifuge with coagulation and flocculation process were explored for solid removal capabilities; some settling analysis was also conducted. Bench scale studies show DAF and centrifuge produce waters of similar quality (Turbidity). DAF is able to produce waters with higher UV transmittance and can work better with membrane filtration and UV disinfection. While centrifuge showed higher reduction in pathogen levels, it can be cost effective and compact in design. Membrane filtration feasibility showed that high quality waters (low turbidity) can be produced, but were unable to remove pathogens. Collimated beam results show UV disinfection can further be used to completely eliminate pathogens and allow for water reuse. This allows the processors to reduce their water foot-print, increase sustainability of their operations, and meet the increasing demand for fresh-cut fruits and vegetables.

Thèse (M.Eng.) -- Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, programme extensionné à l'Université du Québec à Rimouski, 2003. / Bibliogr.: f. [189-195]. Document électronique également accessible en format PDF. CaQCU

Thesis (M.S.)--Miami University, Dept. of Geology, 2005. / Title from first page of PDF document. Document formatted into pages; contains [1], iv, 38 p. : ill. Includes bibliographical references (p. 35-38).

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:35:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 HiramisisPP_Vol1.pdf: 517685 bytes, checksum: 0926344bd0009e51c460befecb4506bd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-11-03 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / This work is a research and action in the field of enviromental education, oriented for the construction of the land s distribuction of the Maria da Paz Settling, in Jo?o C?mara/RN, as process of social learning, collecive production of new knowledge, values and attitudes related to the environment. It was consolidated through a partnership beteween the UFRN (GERAH/DARQ and GEPEM/DEPED), MST and INCRA/RN. The drawing that represents the way the space organization of the settling was made constructed through effort of many people, in a process of dicussion with the community had as technical support the environment inventory (soil, vegetation, water resources, and others) allowing the agro-ecology zoning of the settlers participation conditions, their contradiction and conflicts, the challenges that appear in the search for consensus and the factor that creat chages / Este trabalho se constitui em uma pesquisa-a??o no campo da educa??o ambiental, orientada para a constru??o do parcelamento do solo do Assentamento Maria da Paz em Jo?o C?mara/RN, enquanto processo de aprendizagem social, de produ??o coletiva de novos conhecimentos, valores e atitudes com rela??o ao meio ambiente. Foi consolidado atrav?s de uma parceria entre a UFRN (GERAH/DARQ e GEPEM/DEPED), MST e INCRA/RN. O desenho que representa a forma de organiza??o espacial do assentamento, constru?do a v?rias m?os, num processo de discuss?o com a comunidade, teve como suporte t?cnico o invent?rio do meio natural (solos, vegeta??o, recursos h?dricos, entre outros) permitindo o zoneamento agroecol?gico da ?rea. S?o analisadas tamb?m as condi??es de participa??o dos assentados, suas contradi??es e conflitos, os desafios que se colocam na busca de consenso e os fatores geradores de mudan?as