Našlaitystė, kaip socialinis reiškinys, egzistuoja tiek pat, kiek pati visuomenė, ir yra neatsiejama civilizacijos dalis. Šio magistro darbo tikslas – išsiaiškinti su kokiomis psichosocialinėmis ir mokymosi problemomis, ugdytojų bendruomenės nuomone, susiduria vaikai, gyvenantys globos namuose. Tyrimo objektas – vaikų, gyvenančių globos namuose, psichosocialinės (elgesio, prisitaikymo prie aplinkos, sąveikos su aplinka) ir mokymosi problemos. Teorinėje darbo dalyje aptariami darbo su vaikais, likusiais be tėvų globos, atsiradimo priežastys ir vystymasis, trumpai apžvelgiama likusių be tėvų globos vaikų problemą Lietuvoje; remiantis moksline literatūra pateikiami vaikų gyvenančių globos institucijose ugdymo ypatumai; didelis dėmesys skiriamas socialinio darbuotojo veiklos tikslų bei krypčių atskleidimui, dirbant su vaikais likusiais be tėvų globos. Praktinėje darbo dalyje pristatytas kiekybinis vaikų, gyvenančių globos namuose, psichosocialinių ir mokymosi problemų empirinis tyrimas. Tyrimas buvo atliktas 2008 metų kovo – balandžio mėnesiais. Tyrime dalyvavo 100 respondentų (50 mokyklos ugdomosios bendruomenės atstovų ir 50 vaikų globos namų ugdomosios bendruomenės atstovų). Išanalizavus esamą padėtį paaiškėjo, kad dažniausios vaikų globos namų auklėtinių elgesio ir emocinės problemos, ugdomosios bendruomenės požiūriu yra: nerimastingumas/depresiškumas, pasyvumas, dėmesio sutrikimas. Didžiausi mokymosi sunkumai globos namų auklėtiniams kyla atliekant užduotis, kurių atlikimui... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Kids-orphans - is a well-known social fact that exists as long as the society exists. It is the integral part of civilization. The aim of this master‘s Thesis is to reveal psychosocial and educational problems of children living in sheltered housing face with. The subject of the Thesis – are psychosocial (behaviour, adaptation to the environment, interaction with the environment) and educational problems of children of sheltered housing. In the theoretical part of the Thesis we analysed the reasons of appearance of stray children and the development of this term, we viewed the problems of stray children in Lithuania. After analysing the scientific literature we made a sketch of care of children of sheltered housing. We also paid a lot of attention to the place of social worker in the shelter housing, his aims and ways towards successful work with stray children. In practical part of the Thesis we presented the research of psychosocial and educational problems of children living in sheltered housing face with through the prism of educators’ community. This research was made in March and April 2008. One hundred respondents took part in the research (50 persons from school educators’ community, and 50 persons from shelter housing educators’ community). After we analysed the whole situation we found out that the most popular behaviour and emotional problems of children of sheltered housing (from the point of view of educators’ community) are: anxiety/depression, passivity... [to full text]

In general, people with severe psychiatric disability living in sheltered or supported housing lead passive, solitary lives. Current rehabilitative approaches often neglect considering an agentic perspective of the residents in sheltered or supported housing. Furthermore, the outreach and societal contexts are often not considered. Thus, practitioners tend to overlook the potential in providing support and rehabilitation that is adapted to their individual, collective and changing needs. My approach was to develop a model for Everyday Life Rehabilitation (ELR), which has a potential to promote agency while targeting recovery, meaningful daily occupations, social participation, and person-driven goals. We employed two occupational therapists (OT) and offered an intervention with ELR in a medium-sized municipality in northernSwedenand evaluated this intervention from the perspectives of residents and community care workers (CCW), using a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. This thesis comprises four studies that focus on a home and community context, late rehabilitation efforts, daily occupations, and client-centredness. The overall aim is to understand and evaluate the impact of recovery- and occupation-oriented interventions in a home context for people with severe psychiatric disability. The study settings are sheltered and supported housing facilities. The first study (n=6) explores the significance of home for occupational transformations. The analysis reveals how residential conditions facilitate rehabilitative interactions, generating occupational transformations such as increasing social competence and taking charge of daily occupations. The second study evaluates occupation- and health-related outcomes of the ELR-intervention for residents (n=17). Pre-, post-, and follow-up differences in tests scores on goal attainment, occupation, and health-related factors indicate that important progress is made. The third study explores residents’ (n=16) narratives about occupational transformations in the context of everyday life and life history. Narrative analysis discloses stories of ‘rediscovering agency’, referring to occupational and identity transformations. The fourth study illuminates community care workers’ (n=21) experiences of collaborating with residents and OTs, using ELR. The CCW’ view on residents, rehabilitation, and the own role, along with organisational conditions in the housing facility, seem to characterise different outlooks influencing the CCWs responsiveness or resistance to the intervention. In conclusion, rehabilitation in a supported housing context appears paradoxical due to tensions between opposing values such as authentic versus artificial, and independence versus dependence. However, if residents are engaged in challenging these tensions, they can function as ‘progressive tensions’ generating change. Considering the personal and social meaning of home also appears to be valuable. The intervention studies on ELR, demonstrate its value for participants and indicates that a recovery approach applying ELR would promote shared perspectives among residents, CCWs, and OTs, while facilitating ‘agent-supported rehabilitation’ and ‘out-of-housing strategies’. The thesis provides initial support for the use of ELR-interventions and proposes continued research. / Vardagslivets Rehabilitering (Everyday Life Rehabilitation)

Dans un contexte de vieillissement démographique, la question de l’habitat des personnes âgées est centrale. Cette thèse, réalisée dans le cadre d’une convention Industrielle de Formation par la Recherche (CIFRE), traite spécifiquement des logements-foyers pour les personnes de plus de 60 ans, nouvellement appelés « résidences autonomie » par la loi d’Adaptation de la Société au Vieillissement. Elle interroge le caractère intermédiaire de ces établissements au prisme des politiques publiques et des trajectoires individuelles par une approche en sociologie politique et en mobilisant la notion de parcours résidentiel comme outil heuristique. L’enjeu de cette recherche est de mettre en évidence la spécificité et la complexité d’une offre d’habitat en pleine mutation. Nous posons comme hypothèse principale que la situation intermédiaire des logements-foyers est plurielle et révèle les points de tension auxquels ce modèle d’habitat est confronté. Cette thèse présente, dans un premier temps, la construction et l’évolution des politiques relatives aux logements-foyers et y apporte un éclairage européen. Dans un deuxième temps, elle analyse le statut hybride de ces habitats entre établissement médico-social et logement social et s’attache à situer ces structures parmi l’ensemble de l’offre d’habitat intermédiaire en France. Dans un troisième temps, est étudié l’ancrage des logements-foyers dans les parcours résidentiels des personnes âgées. Cette recherche est abordée à travers une approche par regards croisés permettant de recueillir les discours des différents acteurs du secteur (personnes âgées, professionnels et institutionnels) et mobilise une méthode qualitative par entretiens, observations et analyse documentaire. Nous montrons ainsi que la situation intermédiaire des logements-foyers s’explique par une construction incrémentale des politiques publiques. L’intermédiarité de ces structures leur est spécifique et complexifie leur reconnaissance et leur fonctionnement quotidien. Leurs résidents se trouvent ainsi plus concernés par la notion de filière que de parcours résidentiel. / In a context of an aging population, the issue of housing the elderly has become crucial. This PhD thesis, developed in the framework of a CIFRE contract (Industrial Conventions of Training through Research), tackles the issue of sheltered housing for people above 60, referred to as “résidences autonomie” (“homes for an independent life”) in the new French law on aging. It analyzes the transitional nature of such housing from the public policy and the individual points of view, through a political sociology approach and mobilizing the notion of residential process as a heuristic tool. The purpose of this research is to highlight the specificity and complexity of a housing model currently undergoing important changes. Our main hypothesis is that the transitional nature of sheltered housing is diverse and reveals the stress points the model faces. First, we discuss the development and evolution of sheltered housing policies, and present a European overview. Second, the hybrid nature of such housing, halfway between social health-care institutions and social housing, is analyzed and put back into the whole transitional housing offer in France. Third, we focus on the place of sheltered housing in the residential path of senior citizens. We have used a crossover approach, collecting viewpoints from the sector’s various actors –elderly people, professional workers, and public representatives–, as well as a qualitative method including interviews, observations and literature review. By doing so, we highlight the fact the transitional nature of sheltered housing finds its roots in the incremental construction of public policies. The transitional nature of these establishments is specific to them, and complicates their acknowledgement and daily operation. As a result, residents are faced with a linear housing model rather than actual residential mobility.

The diploma thesis is called: Transformation of social services from the perspective of social workers in residential services in Příbram. The aim of my work is to briefly describe the process, development and objectives of transformation and deinstitutionalization of social services and to supplement it with an empirical qualitative survey. This topic is currently very topical and becomes a big dilemma from the point of view of all workers who are interested in the social area. The main aim of my work is to collect essential information with the help of professional literature and to put forward practical recommendations that will be useful in connection with the possibilities of people with mental disabilities in Příbram. I give these recommendations during the discussion and at the conclusion. I also found out how social workers who work in residential facilities for people with mental disabilities in Příbram or the department of social services Příbram perceive the transformation of social services. The aim of the thesis is not to analyze the transformation of social services in the Czech Republic in its entirety. The aim of my work is neither representative research nor scientific data analysis. I drew from the articles of professional journals and books especially Czech specialists who are...

This thesis of diploma entitled Care of clients of sheltered housing in the senior age and at the time of dying deals with the care for old persons in sheltered housings for mentally disabled persons. The goal of the thesis is to identify and to describe obstacles, which, at present, prevent sheltered housings for mentally disabled persons from providing care for clients, who have grown old in the facility, who what to spend there their declining years and who wish to die in their familiar environment with dignity. Such care should be available regardless of the location of the sheltered housing, regardless of clients' financial situation and the type of governing authority of the sheltered housing. The second goal of the thesis is to find satisfactory solutions to all the identified obstacles, in order to realize the clients' right to choose their environment and suitable care at the end of their life. The thesis consists of three sections. In the first section, the author defines basic terms and describes two variants of sheltered housing - a basic option with age restriction and an option with enhanced program for old persons. The following chapters of the first section deal with theoretical background in support of the enhanced program and characterize the needs of old persons. The author also...

This master thesis deals with the risks that arise from the usage of sheltered housing services for people diagnosed with mental illness. People are negatively affected by long term mental illness in several aspects of their lives. Under normal conditions, cohabitation with such individual is thus very difficult without additional help. As a result, his human social network is weakened and the number of his social contacts decreases. The aim of this master thesis is to find out what are the potential risks that are inherent in the use of the social service of sheltered housing and what can be the recommendations for the social service and the users who are potentially at risk of being socially excluded. The thesis is structured as follows. First part of the thesis includes an overview of mental illnesses, the users of sheltered housing can face. Further, the focus is on the reform of the care for the mentally ill and on the current state of the community care in the Czech Republic and the neighbouring states. Next, group sheltered housing for mentally ill people and the resulting risks are described. Second part of the thesis is devoted to own research which was conducted in selected six sheltered houses in the capital city of Prague and in the Moravia-Silesian region. Research was carried out...

This diploma thesis deals with a social policy of Czech Republic and young disabled people. The main aim of this thesis is an evaluation of social policy. If and how social policy reflects needs and issues of disabled persons. The second aim of this thesis is an indentification of biggest issues which disabled people have with a support of interviews with respondents - users of social policy. Next aim is to describe how actual social policy supports to solve issues of disabled people. This thesis analyzes possibilities of current social policy for young disabled people, how these possibilities disabled people use and how it helps them. This diploma thesis also deals with a question, if current social policy support indenpendence of young disabled people and helps them to have their own indenpendent life and household. Also topic of negative gaps in current social policy is subject of this thesis.

The thesis deals with the issue of the independence of people with intellectual disabilities from parents. The aim of the thesis is to map the way of adulthood of people with intellectual disabilities in the context of the life story from the point of view of their mothers, including perspectives and prospects for the future. The thesis tries to answer the question: Why do parents postpone the planning and realization of their children's independence to their late age? The central theme how parents deal with the consequences of their children's intellectual disabilities throughout their lives and the confrontation of hope and reality in the field of self-esteem, human relationships and partnerships of intelectuall disabled people. The research method is the analysis of life curves and interviews with the use of grounded theory. The work compares a group of mothers of persons with moderate intellectual disabilities and a group of mothers of persons with mild intellectual disabilities. The results show qualitative differences in the problems of both groups. In the case of mothers of persons with moderate intellectual disabilities, there is a dilemma about protected housing, in the case of the mothers of person with mild intellectual disabilities, there is a dilemma about the child's partnership. The...

This diploma thesis was devoted to the topic: Support of independent living as a form of field social work. I focused on the typology of disability, Company DUHA, z.ú. and types of benefits for people with disabilities. I dealt with the differences between independent housing support and sheltered housing and social services for people with disabilities. The main aim of my diploma thesis was to find out, if the clients are satisfied with the service of independent housing support and what are the most benefial aspects of this service. Another goal was to find out how satisfied are the family members of clients using the independent housing support service with this social service. To find out he major goal of the thesis I used the technique of structured interview, which included 8 questions. The thesis is divided into 7 chapters. I consider chapter seven to be the most important, in where I present the results of the survey. It is evident that clients who use the Company DUHA, z.ú and their family members are satisfied with the service.

En tredjedel av världens kvinnor har blivit våldsutsatta och år 2022 blev tio personer mördade av sin partner i Sverige. Personal på kvinnojourer och skyddade boenden har en viktig roll att erbjuda skydd och stöd. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka personalens upplevelser av krav, resurser och utomorganisatorisk samverkan i arbetet med de skyddsplacerade med Jobb-Krav-Resursmodellen som teoretiskt perspektiv. Elva semistrukturerade intervjuer tematiserades med personal från tre olika kvinnojourer och ett privatägt skyddat boende. Ur analysen framkom tio teman som besvarade frågeställningarna. Resultatet visade att personalen upplevde en tung arbetsbelastning med en mängd ovissa arbetsinsatser, ambivalenta skyddsplacerade och snäva tidsramar vilket gav känslor av frustration samt stress. Betydelsefulla arbetsresurser var kollegialt stöd, möjligheter till kompetensutveckling och god påverkan på arbetsplatsen. Samverkan var bristfällig med andra organisationer vilket upplevdes vara relaterat till bristande helhetssyn och okunskaper om våldets konsekvenser, vilket försvårade möjligheterna att hjälpa de skyddsplacerade att återuppbygga sina liv. / One-third of the world´s women have experienced violence, and in 2022, ten people were murdered by their partners in Sweden. Staff at women´s shelters and safe houses play a crucial role in providing protection and support. The purpose of this study is to examine the staff´s experiences of work demands, work resources and interorganizational collaboration in their work with the victims of intimate partner violence using Job-Demand-Resource Model as a theoretical perspective. Eleven semi-structured interviews were conducted with staff from three different women´s shelters and one privately owned safe house. From the analysis, ten themes emerged that addressed the two research questions. The resultats showed that the staff experienced a heavy workload with a multitude of uncertain tasks, ambivalent victims and tight time frames, leading to feelings of frustration and stress. Significant work resources included collegial support, opportunities for competence development, and positive workplace influence. Collaboration with other organizations was insufficient which was perceived to be related to a lack of holistic perspective and ignorance about the consequences of violence, making it difficult to assist the victims in rebuildning their lives.