O estudo busca esclarecer pontos essenciais sobre o emprego da termocromia em têxteis por meio de sua aplicação em estampas em camisetas, respondendo questões sobre o poder expressivo destas e do uso da termocromia como recurso de qualificação em projetos de Design de Superfície. A pesquisa traz dados históricos da camiseta como objeto de design e moda. Nesse contexto verificou-se a relevância dos esclarecimentos técnicos sobre o funcionamento da tinta termocrômica, assim como apresenta-se no estudo uma gama de produtos que se utilizaram da aplicação desta técnica, além de estudos acadêmicos considerados inovadores nessa área de conhecimento. O objetivo principal do estudo é explorar novos conhecimentos sobre os sistemas e técnicas em relação à aplicabilidade da termocromia em estampas de camisetas, bem como mostrar as capacidades subjetivas de comunicação/expressão e de interatividade em produtos com essa tecnologia, que podem servir como auxílio para os designers em projetos inovadores. Neste sentido, foram propostos estudos experimentais de aplicação de estampas com tinta termocrômica em camisetas, que deram o sentido fundamental a esta dissertação, acrescentando conhecimento e abrindo espaço para novas pesquisas no âmbito interdisciplinar. Neste estudo de caso exploratório, foi possível concluir, que os métodos mostrados aqui são fatores importantes de inovação para o setor têxtil e de moda e que os testes produzidos provaram a necessidade de rigor técnico contido nas especificações técnicas do fornecedor. / This study aims to clarify some fundamental questions related to textile thermochromism in the application of t-shirt printing, namely the expressive power of prints and the use of thermochromism as a resource in surface design. The investigation brings historical data regarding the t-shirt as an object of design and fashion. In this context, the importance of technical clarification related to the performance of thermochromic ink is verified and a range of products utilized in this technique are presented. A number of innovative academic studies in this area are also presented. The main objectives of this study are to investigate new knowledge about the applicability of systems and techniques utilized in thermochromic t-shirt graphics and to demonstrate the subjective capacity of expression and interaction of products that utilize this technology, which can serve as an aid to designers in innovative projects. From this perspective, experimental tests in the application of thermochromic t-shirt printing were proposed, providing significance to this thesis, enhancing the knowledge in this field and promoting further interdisciplinary research. In this exploratory case study it was possible to conclude that the methods shown here represent important innovations in the textile and fashion sectors and that the tests demonstrated the necessity of technical rigor regarding manufacturers’ technical specifications.

The white shirt is widely chosen attire by the people for its comfort and aesthetics. With rising population growth and demand for clothing, the production of white cotton shirts will be increased. The production of the white cotton shirt has various environmental impacts and also leads to water scarcity issues. Awareness must be increased with the brands, organisations and consumer about the water scarcity issues. With the help of water footprint analysis it is possible to calculate the water impacts in the supply chain of the product. It is also equally important to calculate the water footprint of the entire LCA of shirt as the use phase plays a prominent role.  The thesis is conducted to understand the water footprint and also assess the water performance for a white cotton shirt. The main purpose of the study is as follows: To find the water footprint impacts for the lifecycle of a white shirt produced and sold  To find the major water hotspots in Textile supply chain while producing a Shirt  A LCA based water footprint assessment is carried out for white shirt. A water scarcity indicator (WSI) is used to calculate the water impacts involved in the lifecycle of the shirt. The thesis is conducted such that there are two cases, namely, case 1 and case 2. Case 1 includes cotton cultivation, fabric manufacturing, distribution and retail, use phase and waste disposal. Case 2 includes fabric manufacturing, distribution and retail, use phase and coproduct in the form of a shirt. In these cases avoided burden approach with allocation method is used to conduct the study. The major WSI hotspots in LCA of the white shirt are cotton cultivation and washing, drying and finishing laundry(in use phase).  A sensitivity analysis is carried out from the results of the thesis, majorly focusing on the identified hotspots and sensitive parts. The WSI impacts on sourcing organic cotton and reducing the wash cycle (in use phase) were identified. From the sensitivity analysis, it was clear that sourcing organic cotton by the company and reducing the wash cycles by the consumer tremendously reduced the WSI and water scarcity issues. Sensitivity analysis also showed that more the shirt is avoided, more benefits is considered. Further research and recommendation are stated based on the result and analysis. / Den vita skjortan är allmänt vald klädsel av folket för sin komfort och estetik. Med ökande befolkningstillväxt och efterfrågan på kläder kommer produktionen av vita bomullströjor att öka. Produktionen av den vita bomullsskjortan har olika miljöpåverkan och leder också till problem med vattenbrist. Medvetenheten måste ökas med varumärkena, organisationerna och konsumenterna om vattenbristen. Med hjälp av analys av vattenavtryck är det möjligt att beräkna vattenpåverkan i produktens försörjningskedja. Det är också lika viktigt att beräkna vattenavtrycket för hela LCA-tröjan eftersom användningsfasen spelar en framträdande roll.  Avhandlingen genomförs för att förstå vattenavtrycket och även bedöma vattenprestanda för en vit bomullsskjorta. Huvudsyftet med studien är följande:  Att hitta effekterna på vattenavtrycket för livscykeln för en vit skjorta som produceras och säljs Att hitta de viktigaste hotspotsna i textilförsörjningskedjan när du producerar en skjorta  En LCA-baserad utvärdering av vattenavtryck utförs för vit skjorta. En vattenbristindikator (WSI) används för att beräkna de vattenpåverkan som är involverade i skjortans livscykel. Avhandlingen genomförs så att det finns två fall, nämligen fall 1 och fall 2. Fall 1 inkluderar bomullsodling, tygtillverkning, distribution och detaljhandel, användningsfas och avfallshantering. Fall 2 omfattar tygtillverkning, distribution och detaljhandel, användningsfas och samprodukt i form av en skjorta. I dessa fall används metod för att undvika bördor med fördelningsmetod för att genomföra studien. De stora WSI-hotspotsna i LCA för den vita skjortan är bomullsodling och tvätt, torkning och efterbehandling av tvätt (i användningsfas).  En känslighetsanalys utförs från avhandlingens resultat med huvudsakligen fokus på identifierade hotspots och känsliga delar. WSI-effekterna på att köpa organisk bomull och minska tvättcykeln (i användningsfas) identifierades. Från känslighetsanalysen var det tydligt att inköp av ekologisk bomull från företaget och minskade tvättcykler av konsumenten kraftigt minskade problem med WSI och vattenbrist. Ytterligare forskning och rekommendation anges baserat på resultat och analys.

International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 22-25, 2001 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada / A systems engineering development for acquisition, transmission, processing, dissemination and display of information vital to combat casualty care and related first responder activities is presented. It utilizes a synergistic combination of two existing state-of-the-art Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency/Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center San Diego (DARPA/SSCSD) technologies (Sensate-Liner and ENCOMPASS) coupled via the Enhanced Position Location Reporting System (EPLRS), an existing wireless military tactical communication data system. Transmission Security and Communication Security (TRANSEC/COMMSEC) of environmental and biomedical data is thus accomplished from the battlefield via selected data links and Ethernet. System functionality and appropriate candidate interfacing technologies will be discussed.

In today’s fast-paced society, there is a high demand for faster and more effective ways of dealing with chores and other time-consuming activities, but while appliances like washing machines and dishwashers have become standard use, there has been limited progress in making the tedious task of folding clothes easier. This bachelor's thesis project in Mechatronics at KTH Royal Institute of Technology details the design, construction and performance of a motorized automatic shirt folding machine that can fold both T-shirts and long-sleeve shirts. The machine executes folds by operating eight different flaps in a certain sequence. It can autonomously detect if the shirt placed by the user is a T-shirt or a long-sleeve and then execute the folding sequence accordingly. The machine was tested against manual folding performed by three different people. It was concluded that, although the machine was slower at folding a set of 10 T-shirts and 10 thinner long-sleeves by 1.93 and 1.14 seconds respectively, it had greater folding precision and reliability. It also had repeatability issues and succeeded in folding only 21/30 long-sleeve shirts; a success rate of 70%. The performance of the machine could, for instance, be improved by adjusting the dimensions of the flaps to optimize crease positioning. Upgrading to higher torque servo motors is another viable approach. Additionally, exchanging the manually cut D-shafts, which operate two of the flaps, to pre-manufactured D-shafts can effectively reduce play between shafts and couplings. / I dagens snabba samhälle finns det en stor efterfrågan för snabbare och mer effektiva sätt att göra sina sysslor och andra tidskrävande aktiviteter. Medan apparater som tvättmaskiner och diskmaskiner har blivit standard i det moderna hemmet har det knappt utvecklats produkter för att göra den tråkiga uppgiften av att vika kläder lättare. Detta kandidatarbete inom mekatronik på Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan (KTH) beskriver designen, konstruktionen och prestandan hos en motoriserad automatisk tröjvikningsmaskin som kan vika både T-shirts och långärmade tröjor. Maskinen utför vikningen genom att använda åtta olika vingar i en viss sekvens. Den kan autonomt upptäcka om tröjan som användaren har placerat är en T-shirt eller en långärmad tröja och sedan utföra vikningen enligt den programmerade sekvensen. Maskinen testades mot manuell vikning utförd av tre olika personer. Det konstaterades att, även om maskinen var långsammare vid vikning av en uppsättning 10 T-shirts och 10 tunna långärmade tröjor med 1,93 respektive 1,14 sekunder, hade den större precision och tillförlitlighet jämfört med manuell vikning. Den hade dock problem med repeterbarhet och lyckades bara vika 21 av 30 långärmade tröjor; en framgång på 70%. Maskinens prestanda skulle exempelvis kunna förbättras genom att justera dimensionerna på vingarna för att optimera veckpositioneringen. En annan möjlig lösning är att uppgradera till servomotorer med högre vridmoment. Vidare finns möjligheten att byta ut de manuellt skurna D-axlar, som driver två av vingarna, till förproducerade D-axlar som effektivt kan minska spel mellan axlarna och kopplingarna.

The aim of this work is to explore the printed Hawaii shirt through material investigations in search of new print meetings. A vital step for this investigation was to develop the classic Hawaii- prints and motives in mixed media. Followed by exploring alternative printing techniques such as transfer printing, laser cutting and knitting in different materials to reach new expressions yet keeping a clear reference to the Hawaii shirt. The intention of this work was to investigate how the Hawaii shirt with its classic print could interact with the mind and body of the wearer. Furthermore, to question the informal rules of wearing a Hawaii shirt with a starting point in Umberto Eco’s theories about epidemic self-awareness. The motive of this work is to critically look at the society today, with a focus on consumerism, foreign travel and tourism and the expression of it, with the Hawaii shirt as a symbol of these things. Based on the assumption of the Hawaii shirt being a tacky souvenir that tourists bring back home from their holidays. This work show new expressions of the printed Hawaii shirt through innovative print meetings. This work also proposes alternative ways of wearing a Hawaii Shirt.

El objetivo principal de este proyecto de investigación es determinar las razones que influyeron en la disminución de las exportaciones peruanas de -shirt durante el periodo 2013-2018 hacia el mercado de Estados Unidos. Para esto, se requiere demostrar la viabilidad si es que los objetivos establecidos como la variación de la tasa del Drawback y el alto costo de la Mano de Obra fueron las razones principales de esta disminución en la exportación textil. Para esto, se realizó una investigación Cualitativa-Descriptiva con un diseño de investigación de Teoría Fundamentada con el propósito de recolectar información basada en conocimientos, opiniones y hechos reales de las exportaciones de T-shirt. Las técnicas de investigación que se utilizaron fueron la Entrevista a Profundidad y la Revisión documentaria, a través de 20 preguntas a exportadores. Así mismo, se utilizó el programa Atlas Ti que permitió poder analizar y codificar adecuadamente las entrevistas. Según los resultados se determinó que el alto costo de la Mano de Obra y la variación de la tasa del Drawback influyeron en la disminución de las exportaciones de T-shirt. Asimismo, surgieron otras razones, las cuales se obtuvieron a través de la información a posteriori. Finalmente, entre las recomendaciones se considera en brindar más apoyo por parte del Gobierno a los empresarios exportadores textiles para que puedan internacionalizarse con mayor facilidad y lograr ser más competitivos. / The main objective of this research project is to determine the reasons that influenced the reduction of Peruvian exports of the Textile Sector, specifically of the product T-shirt during the period 2013-2018 to the U.S. market. For this, it is required to demonstrate viability if the objectives established as the variation of the Drawback rate and the high cost of labor were the main reasons for this decrease in textile exports. For this, a Qualitative - Descriptive research was conducted with a Theory Based research design with the purpose of collecting information based on knowledge, opinions and real facts of T-shirt exports. The research techniques used were In-Depth Interview and Documentary Review, through 20 questions to exporters. Also, the Atlas Ti program was used, which allowed the interviews to be properly analyzed and coded. The results showed that the high cost of labor and the variation in the Drawback rate were the reasons that influenced the decline in exports of T-shirt to the U.S. market. Also, other reasons arose, which were obtained through a posteriori information. Finally, among the recommendations, it is considered to provide more support from the Government to textile exporting businessmen so that they can internationalize more easily and become more competitive. / Tesis

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During the presidential contest of 1884, Republicans used singing as a campaign tactic at rallies, meetings, and parades. Their songs may be divided into several categories, such as rally songs, songs of praise for the party and its candidate, "bloody shirt" songs, mudslinging songs, and issue-based songs. Songs provide a perspective on the overall tenor of the campaign, while a lack of songs on certain topics, such as temperance, reflects the party's reluctance to alienate voters by taking a strong stand on controversial issues. Although the campaign has often been called one of the dirtiest in American history, this negativity is not reflected in the majority of the songs.

Le contact Segment-Piston-Chemise (SPC) est essentiel pour la réduction des émissions de CO2 et de polluants dans les moteurs automobile. Pour optimiser ces deux contraintes antagonistes, il est nécessaire d’étudier l’influence de la microgéométrie afin de trouver de nouvelles architectures de ce contact. L’étude expérimentale étant très coûteuse, il est impératif de pouvoir modéliser les performances du contact SPC. Les méthodes multigrilles permettent de réduire considérablement les temps de calcul. Pour le contact SPC, les méthodes multigrilles classiques perdent leur efficacité en présence de texture. Un nouvel algorithme, basé sur des idées développées par Alcouffe et al. a été conçu qui permet l’étude du contact hydrodynamique en présence de texturation importante. Il a été validé par comparaison avec un modèle analytique 1D, ses performances ont été étudiées et une première étude de l’influence des paramètres sur la portance pour une surface striée a été faite. L’algorithme a ensuite été modifié pour imposer la conservation des flux. Un processus de relaxation plus proche de la physique du phénomène est utilisé. Le code obtenu n’atteint pas l’efficacité multigrille optimale. Cependant sa convergence est suffisamment rapide pour étudier l’influence de pores pour le segment plat et montrer l’importance d’une texturation partielle. Pour finir, le terme transitoire de l’équation de Reynolds est pris en compte. Pour un segment parabolique et une chemise striée, l’influence des paramètres des stries (profondeur, largeur, distance et angle des stries) sur la variation moyenne de la hauteur de film par rapport à une surface lisse est analysée. / The piston ring cylinder liner (PRCL) contact is essential in the CO2 and pollutant emission reduction in internal combustion engine. These two constraints being antagonistic, a compromise has to be found and it is necessary to study the microgeometry influence in order to find new PRCL contact architectures. As experimental study can be very expensive, modeling PRCL contact performance becomes crucial. Multigrid methods allow a huge reduction of the computational time. Unfortunately, in presence of texture, classical multigrid efficiency decays significantly and are not usable. A new algorithm based on an approach developed by Alcouffe et al. was designed that allows the study of the hydrodynamic lubrication of this contact even in the case of a highly varying geometry due to the texture. The obtained code was validated by comparison with a 1D analytical model, its performance was evaluated and a first study of an analytic cross hatched geometry parameter influence on the load carrying capacity was completed. The code was modified to include flow conservation. A relaxation process based closer to the physics phenomenon is used. The code efficiency is not the one that is expected from multigrid technics. However it convergence is sufficiently fast to study the dimple influence for the oil control ring and show the importance of partial texturing. Finally the transient term of the Reynolds equation is accounted for. In the case of a parabolic ring and for a cross hatched liner, the influence of the groove parameters ( depth, width, distance and groove angle) on the average minimum film thickness with respect to the smooth case is analyzed.

This works explores how to work with Event scores as a design method. In the search for what is real or what is reality the already existing things are being explored. The work started with investigating suitable ways to work with the moving body in the design process, with the aim to find a method that gave control but also left some parameters to the undecided and ambiguous. Convinced that this will lead to something new some parts of the process were highlighted and re-formulated. / Program: Modedesignutbildningen