Submitted by Rosina Valeria Lanzellotti Mattiussi Teixeira (rosina.teixeira@unisantos.br) on 2015-04-07T19:16:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Elainy Maria D. de Medeiros Fran¿a.pdf: 914636 bytes, checksum: fdb80c933ecf327e4af40a7a56f7a289 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-07T19:16:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Elainy Maria D. de Medeiros Fran¿a.pdf: 914636 bytes, checksum: fdb80c933ecf327e4af40a7a56f7a289 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-10-08 / Introduction: Sleep is one of the main responsible for homeostasis and restoration of the organism. A good night's sleep gives people a good performance in their daily activities. Ageing affects in changes in the quality and quantity of sleep. And at this stage are frequent complaints of sleep disorders. The quality of life, health and longevity may depend on good nights of sleep, because during this period the proteins are synthesized in order to maintain or expand neural networks linked to memory and learning. Objective: Evaluate the elderly´s sleep quality in public and private subsystems in the city of Patos-PB. Methodology: cross-sectional study conducted with 236 elderly between 2013 and 2014. The probabilistic sample was divided into two groups according to the healthcare used to supply matched by sex and age: 118 elderly in private service and 118 elderly in the public sector. The instrument includes biodemográficos data collection, validated questionnaires and auto applied assessing sleep quality index (Pittsburgh), the functional capacity (Barthel index) and the mental state of the elderly (MEEM Mental State examination). Descriptive analysis was performed, and Chi-square tests and Mann-Whitney U test. The significance level was 5%. Results: The age average of the elderly by the private sector is 71.1 years and the elderly by the public sector is 72.3 years, showing homogeneity regarding age. Differed in relation to income and education (largest in the private sector). The most widely used antihypertensive medication was in both groups, especially in the private sector (84%) and the public (64.2%). Hypertension and depression was reported by 84.9% and 25.2% respectively of private sector users. These 40.8% had caregiver, and more than 30.6% of the caregivers were remunerated. The elderly in the private sector reported a poorer quality of sleep (81.7%) than those of the public sector (65%). With regard to functional independence, the groups mostly independent presented to the AVDS. There was no significant relationship between poor sleep quality and its interference in the activities of daily living of the elderly. It was observed an association between access to private service and a greater number of comorbidities, which may be related to greater ease of specialist medical assistance and earlier in this group. Conclusion: Sleep quality is an important factor for health and general wellbeing of the elderly the findings of this study can provide the professionals in the implementation of measures to improve the sleep of elderly and promote a better quality of life for these individuals. / Introdução: O sono é um dos principais responsáveis pela homeostasia e restauração do organismo. Dormir bem concede as pessoas um bom desempenho em suas atividades diárias. Envelhecer repercute em alterações na qualidade e quantidade do sono. E nesta fase são freqüentes as queixas dos distúrbios do sono. A qualidade de vida, a saúde e a longevidade podem depender de boas noites de sono, porque nesse período as proteínas são sintetizadas com o objetivo de manter ou expandir as redes neuronais ligadas à memória e ao aprendizado. Objetivo: Avaliar a qualidade do sono de idosos atendidos nos sub-sistemas público e privado no município de Patos-PB. Metodologia: Estudo transversal realizado com 236 idosos entre 2013 e 2014. A amostra probabilística foi dividida em dois grupos de acordo com o setor de saúde utilizado para atendimento pareados por sexo e idade: 118 idosos no serviço privado e 118 idosos no setor público. O instrumento de coleta inclui dados biodemográficos e questionários validados e auto aplicados que avaliam a qualidade do sono (índice de Pittsburg), a capacidade funcional (Índice de Barthel) e o estado mental dos idosos (MEEM Exame do Estado Mental). Foi realizada a analise descritiva, e os testes de Qui-quadrado e teste U de Mann-Whitney. O nível de significância foi de 5%. Resultados: A idade média dos idosos atendidos pelo setor privado é de 71,1 anos e dos idosos atendidos pelo setor público é de 72,3 anos, mostrando homogeneidade em relação à idade. Diferiam em relação a renda e escolaridade(maiores no setor privado). O anti-hipertensivo foi o medicamento mais utilizado em ambos os grupos, especialmente no setor privado 84% e 64,2% no público. A hipertensão e a depressão foi relatada por 84,9% e 25,2% respectivamente dos usuários do setor privado. Destes 40,8% possuíam cuidador, e mais de 30,6% dos cuidadores eram remunerados. Os idosos atendidos no setor privado relataram uma pior qualidade de sono (81,7%) que os do setor público (65%). Em relação a independência funcional, os grupos em sua maioria apresentaram-se independentes para as AVDs. Não houve relação significativa entre a má qualidade do sono e sua interferência nas atividades de vida diária do idoso. Observou-se uma associação entre o acesso ao serviço privado e um maior número de comorbidades, o que pode estar relacionado a maior facilidade de assistência médica especializada e de forma mais precoce neste grupo. Conclusão: A qualidade do sono constitui-se em um importante fator para a saúde e o bem estar geral dos idosos Os achados deste estudo podem subsidiar os profissionais na implementação de medidas para melhorar o sono do idoso e promover uma melhor qualidade de vida para esse indivíduos.

Multiple Sclerosis (MS), an autoimmune disorder marked by inflammation of the central nervous system, is associated with a myriad of symptoms. Individuals with MS are more likely to experience depressive symptoms, perhaps due to perceived cognitive impairments. Thus, we aimed to explore perceived stress and sleep deficits as potential mediators of the association between perceived cognitive deficits and depressive symptoms. We recruited a sample of 77 MS participants from an outpatient, university-based MS clinic in the United States. Participants ranged in age between 30 and 75 years old (M = 51.12; SD = 9.6), with more females than males (83% female; n = 64). Participants completed the Perceived Deficits Questionnaire, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Perceived Stress Scale, and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale – Revised. Correlation analyses and mediation analyses were conducted with bootstrapping technique. Statistical analyses revealed that higher levels of perceived cognitive deficits were associated with lower quality of sleep, more perceived stress, and higher levels of depressive symptoms. Additionally, both perceived stress and sleep quality served as a significant mediator in the perceived cognitive impairments and depressive symptoms linkage. Our novel findings demonstrate the importance of underlying mechanisms (e.g., sleep quality and perceived stress) in the conceptualization of MS. Perceived stress and sleep quality are potentially modifiable factors, perhaps serving as a target for future treatment, to buffer risk of MS patients developing depression.

Direct current (DC) potential is an objective measure of the functional state of the human organism. It is a sensitive and accurate indicator of short- and long-term adaptations to stress, adaptive capacities, and it is an important marker of athlete readiness. Sleep is posited to be the most efficacious strategy for improving recovery to enhance sport performance, and adequate sleep is considered vital to normal psycho-physiological function. Thus, optimal sleep may enhance the functional state, in turn enhancing an athlete’s adaptability to training stress. However, little is known about the relationship between sleep and DC potential. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of acute (one-night) and extended (two-night) sleep quantity and quality on DC potentials in collegiate American football players. Twenty-four Division 1 American football players (Age: 20.6 ± 1.30 yr; Height: 183.4 ± 6.40 cm; Body mass: 114.40 ± 24.60 kg) wore a wrist-worn actigraphy band seven days per week over the course of 136 days, which spanned the pre-season training camp and competitive season, to measure sleep quantity and quality. DC potential was assessed six days per week using the Omegawave Ltd (Espoo, Finland) athlete monitoring system either 30 minutes upon waking or 75-120 minutes prior to the onset of the football training session. Sleep quantity was stratified into duration categories and sleep quality was stratified within sleep latency, number of awakenings, and sleep efficiency variables. Sleep quantity and quality were evaluated using acute (one night) and extended (rolling average of two consecutive nights) sleep outcomes. Within subject comparisons of DC potential were made across sleep quantity and quality categories using repeated-measures analysis of variance to examine the influence of acute and extended sleep quantity and quality on DC potential outcomes. The level of significance was set at p ≤ 0.025. Statistically significant main effects were identified for acute sleep (F3,16 = 4.68, p < .02, η2p = 0.47) and extended sleep durations (F2,17 = 7.71, p < 0.005, η2p = 0.48). Specifically, for acute sleep durations, there was a 17.1% increase in DC potentials (3.59, p < 0.01, Cohen’s d = 0.52, SE 1.18) for sleep durations ≥ 7 hours to < 9 hours, compared to sleeping < 6. For extended sleep, there was a 20% increase in DC potentials (4.53, p < 0.002, Cohen’s d = 0.68, SE = 1.13) when recording a two-day sleep average of ≥ 7.5 hours and < 9 hours, compared to an extended sleep duration of < 6 hours. A statistically significant main effect was also identified for extended wake episodes (F2,19 = 4.5, p = 0.025, η2p = 0.32). For extended sleep periods with > 4 wake episodes there was a 12% increase in DC potentials (2.57 ± 2.24mV, p < 0.25, Cohen’s d = 0.34) compared to extended sleep periods with 2-3 wake episodes. There was not a significant effect of acute (p ≥ 0.20) sleep quality or extended latency (p > 0.18) and efficiency (p > 0.08) on DC potentials. These findings suggest that sleep quantity affects DC bio-potentials and thus the functional state of the athlete. Specifically, sleep durations between 7.00/7.50 to 9 hours correspond with higher measures of DC potentials compared to lesser durations. Given the effect of sleep quantity on biological markers for training adaptability, practitioners should prioritize sleep in the training process and educate athletes on proper sleep hygiene and sleep quantity to enhance their readiness to train.

Sleep is not a solitary activity for the majority of adults, this impacts sleep quality, health, and well-being. Couples experience sleep concordance, or a synchronization of sleep-wake times, which can improve and diminish sleep quality (Gunn et al., 2015). This study explores the association between sleep concordance and sleep quality by examining attachment style as a moderator. Daily sleep diaries were completed by 179 heterosexual couples. Sleep concordance was calculated by dividing total time partners were in bed together by total time at least one partner was in bed each day. Data were analyzed using a multilevel model described by Bolger and Laurenceau (2013). There was a positive association between daily sleep concordance and sleep quality for men. Women with higher secure attachment style scores reported greater sleep quality, and women with higher insecure attachment style scores reported lower sleep quality. Among women with higher secure attachment style scores and lower avoidant attachment style scores there was a negative association between mean sleep concordance and sleep quality. There was no association between sleep concordance and sleep quality for higher anxious attachment scores. Future research is needed to address causal relationships. Findings indicate men and women may experience sleep concordance differently.

The purpose of this secondary data analysis was to assess for the relationships among sleep disturbances, depressive symptoms, inflammatory markers, and sexual trauma in female veterans. This may contribute to an understanding of the physical and mental health effects of sexual trauma in female veterans. Correlational analyses were conducted to evaluate the strength of these relationships. A reported history of sexual trauma was significantly correlated with longer sleep latencies, poorer sleep efficiency, shorter sleep durations, more daytime dysfunction, and poorer overall sleep quality in female veterans. A reported history of sexual trauma was also significantly correlated with depressive symptoms including anhedonia and a negative affect in female veterans. No significant correlations were noted between inflammatory markers and a reported history of sexual trauma in female veterans. Female veterans with a reported history of sexual trauma had more trouble falling and staying asleep, had more trouble functioning during daytime hours, and had total poorer sleep quality. These veterans also appeared depressed and they found normally pleasurable activities unenjoyable. Disturbed sleep and depressive symptoms may be risk factors in the development of chronic health diseases. By assessing and treating the sleep disturbances and depressive symptoms experienced by sexually traumatized female veterans, nurses may help to prevent the development of costly and deadly chronic diseases

Background: Wind turbines (WTs) are an emerging source of renewable energy in Ontario. One concern is that aerodynamic and mechanical noise produced by the WTs results in sleep disturbance in residents living near such facilities. However, evidence to date is primarily self-reported, with no objective measures of the impact on sleep quality currently in the literature. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine if the presence of a grid connected WT is a risk factor for poor sleep quality and if wind turbine noise is associated with sleep parameters. The hypothesis was that individuals residing within fifteen hundred meters of a WT experience poorer sleep, compared to those who do not reside near a WT. Methods: A daily sleep diary and actigraphy-derived measures of sleep quality were obtained from twelve participants from a WT community in rural Ontario and ten participants from a comparison community with no wind power installations. Sound level meters were used to assess the equivalent (LAeq) and maximum (LAmax) sound pressure levels within the bedroom. A variety of statistical analysis were performed to determine co-variation between variables, noise thresholds for sleep disturbance, and risk for poor sleep quality. Results: A total of 110 person-nights and 12,971 sleep epochs were observed. Participants in the exposed group lived at a mean distance of 795 m from the closest WT (range 474 m–1085 m). Although numerous actigraphy-derived sleep parameters were poorer in the exposed group, including lower average sleep efficiency (89% vs. 92%), longer sleep onset latency (6 min vs. 4 min), and longer wake after sleep onset (42 min vs. 29 min), the differences were not statistically significant. When the data was dichotomized by quality of sleep, the prevalence of poor sleep in the exposed group was greater than in the unexposed group (22 vs. 11 per 100 person-nights), although the results of logistic regression modeling indicated that the differences were not statistically significant (after adjustment for age and sex). Findings from the analysis of sleep epochs showed an association between awakenings and LAmax (during the sleep epoch) only for noise events above 55 dBA. No significant differences in sleep parameters derived from the sleep diaries were found between the groups. Conclusion: Both actigraphy and sleep diaries can provide valuable information to understand the impact of industrial WTs on the quality of sleep for residents living in the vicinity. This pilot study had a small sample size which reduced the likelihood of identifying differences in sleep quality between the exposed and unexposed groups. Additionally, measurements were obtained during periods of relatively low wind speeds (nightly power outputs ranged from 1 to 34 MW or 0.5 to 17% capacity) thus, limiting the generalizability of the findings. Findings of poorer mean values of numerous sleep parameters in the exposed group support the need for more extensive research in the area. Low response to noise events up to 45 dBA was an interesting finding that also merits further investigation. Assessment of WT noise is complex and noise exposure measurement requires unique methods than those used for other sources of community noise.

PURPOSE: To compare the characteristics of cancer patients in Taiwan who use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) to cancer patients who do not use CAM and determine the predictors of quality of life (QoL) among cancer patients who use CAM. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Face-to-face interviews were conducted with and 3 questionnaires (the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Core Questionnaire, the Brief Fatigue Inventory, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) were administered to 216 cancer patients being treated at the Nuclear Medicine Department in southern Taiwan. Chi-square testing for categorical variables and t-testing for continuous variables were conducted to determine the correlation between sociodemographic and clinical data and CAM use. Analysis of variance was performed to conduct within-group comparison of QoL scales and CAM use. Linear regression models were established to predict QoL score. RESULTS: A total of 216 cancer patients were interviewed. The prevalence of CAM use was found to be 69.4% (150 of 216 subjects). Among the CAM users, 91.6% had used traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), dietary supplementation (vitamin, herbal, mineral, glucosamine, mushroom, and/or fish oil supplementation), or detoxification therapy. A greater percentage (49.5%) of CAM users had breast cancer than any other type of cancer, and a very large percentage (74.7%) did not inform their primary caregiver of their CAM use, whereas 52.7% used CAM after initiation of diagnosis and 26.7% increased the original frequency of their CAM use during the course of their treatment. Overall QoL was not found to be significantly different between CAM users and nonusers. Predictors of poor QoL were female gender, breast or liver cancer patient, younger age, lower education, chemotherapy, increased frequency of CAM use, non-vitamin/TCM use, and having received CAM information from primary caregiver. The factors of CAM use, number of CAM modalities used, frequency of CAM use, duration of cancer diagnosis, mineral/algae supplementation, and detoxification therapy were not found to be significant in this population. CONCLUSION: Cancer patients in Taiwan have a high rate of CAM use but a low rate of disclosure of CAM use to their primary caregivers. Multiple factors appear to have a significant correlation with poor QoL. Clinical physicians should emphasize the QoL of cancer survivors, providing more accurate CAM information and endeavoring to address their unmet needs.

Darbo objektas: Fizinio aktyvumo ir miego kokybės sąsajos su sveikatos nusiskundimais. Darbo tikslas: Įvertinti sąsajas tarp studentų fizinio aktyvumo, miego kokybės ir sveikatos nusiskundimų. Hipotezė: Mažiau fiziškai aktyvūs studentai pasižymi blogesne miego kokybe ir dažnesniais sveikatos nusiskundimais. Uždaviniai: 1. Palyginti LSMU ir kolegijos studentų fizinio aktyvumo lygį, miego kokybę, mokymosi trukmę, patiriamą distresą, žalingus įpročius, vidinės darnos lygį ir sveikatos nusiskundimų dažnį. 2. Įvertinti sąsajas tarp studentų miego kokybės ir sveikatos nusiskundimų, patiriamo distreso, mokymosi trukmės, vidinės darnos lygio. 3. Įvertinti sąsajas tarp studentų fizinio aktyvumo lygio ir miego kokybės, sveikatos nusiskundimų, patiriamo distreso, nuovargio mokymosi procese, vidinės darnos lygio, žalingų įpročių. Tyrimo imtis ir organizavimas: Momentinė anketinė apklausa buvo vykdoma 2012 m. spalio – lapkričio mėn. Viso apklausta 150 LSMU medicinos ir 150 Kauno kolegijos vadybos ir kraštotvarkos studentų. Rezultatai: Žemu fizinio aktyvumo lygiu (mažiau nei kartą per savaitę) pasižymėjo 47,3 proc. LSMU ir 34,0 proc. kolegijos studentų (p = 0,004 ). 56,1 proc. kasdien sportuojantys studentai skundėsi miego trūkumu, tuo tarpu mažiau nei kartą per savaitę sportuojančių studentų tarpe miego trūkumu skundėsi 68,9 proc. (p = 0,04). Su blogesne miego kokybe patikimai siejosi neigiamas savo sveikatos vertinimas (p < 0,0001), silpna vidinė darna (p < 0,0001), kaklo skausmai (p < 0... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Work object: physical activity and sleep quality associations with healh complaints. The aim of the work: to eveluate associations between physical activity, sleep quality and health complaints among students. Hypothesis: Less physically active students have poorer sleep quality and more frequent health complaints. The tasks: 1. To compare physical activity level, sleep quality, learning time, experienced distress, addictions, internal coherence level and frequency of health complaints between LUHS and college students. 2. To eveluate links between students sleep quality and health complaints, experienced distress, learning time, internal coherence level. 3. o eveluate links between students physical activity and sleep quality, health complaints, experienced distress, fatigue in the learning process, internal coherence level, addictions. Research process and the organization: instant questionnaire survey was carried out in October and November in 2012. There were questioned 150 medical students of LUHS and 150 management and landscape students of Kaunas college. The results: low level of physical activity was prevalent in 47, 3% among students of LUHS and 34,0 % students of college (p-0,004). These students go in for sports less than once a week. 56, 1 % students who go in for sports every day complained about the lack of sleep. While 68, 9 % (p=0,04) students who go in for sports less than once a week complained about the lack of sleep. According to poorer sleep quality... [to full text]

Aim of the study is to evaluate the correlation between life style factors and sleep quality in the group of villagers aged from 35 to 64. Methods: The object of the research was the villagers aged from 35 to 64. The reaserch was carried out by the anonymous dossier survey and data analysis was performed using SPSS 13.0 for Windows. Results: 125 citizens from Endriejavas township, Klaipeda district took part in the research, 74 women (59.2 %) and 51 men (40.8%). The results revealed that the sleep quality of men is much better than those of women (p=0.018): the worst sleep quality is in the age range of women from 45 to 54 (p<0.001), whereas the age range of men with the worst sleep quality is 55-64 (p>0.05). The evaluation of the correlation between life style factors and sleep quality revealed that the respondents who smoke (45.8%) had difficulties falling asleep (p>0.05), those who drink alcohol every day (33.3%) when they wake up at night they can not fall back to sleep (p=0.028). Bad quality of sleep was also determined by drinking coffee and other caffeinated drinks (p=0.006) as well as eating before going to bed (p<0.05). The correlation between sleep quality and respondents’ psychoemotional state was established: those who have many stressful situations (66.7%) (p=0.001) and those who have low self esteem (80%) have bad sleep quality. Physical activity or daily activity, related with motion or heavy physical work, had better effect on sleep quality (p<0.01). It was... [to full text]

There are approximately 22.2 million Americans’ who are living with asthma and of those 18.4 million are adults. African Americans’ are more likely to be diagnosed with asthma compared to Caucasians, and experience more asthma attacks. In this study, the Social Cognitive Theory was used to examine the relationships among personal characteristics, environmental factors, asthma self-efficacy, self-management behaviors, and quality of life (QOL) in African American adults with asthma. A correlational design was used. Data were collected from a non-random sample of adult African Americans’ with asthma (N = 39) using the following self-report questionnaires: the Knowledge, Attitude, and Self-Efficacy of Asthma Questionnaire (KASE), the short form of the Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine (REALM-SF), the Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) for social support, the Asthma Trigger Inventory (ATI), the Morisky Medication Adherence Questionnaire, Asthma Self-Management Questionnaire (ASMQ), the Modified Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Asthma Control Test (ACT), and the Asthma Quality of Life Standardized (AQLQ-S). Data analyses included descriptive statistics, Pearson Product correlations, and hierarchical multiple regression. On average, participants (N = 39) were middle aged (M = 55.9 ± 7.9) years, female (65%), did not smoke (87%), did not use a peak flow meter (PEFR) to self-manage their asthma (72%), and were obese (M = 34.06, SD = 10.78). Participants reported high confidence in asthma self-management; however, had low medication adherence and scores indicating uncontrolled asthma (M = 16.10, SD = 4.29). More than half (67%) of the participants reported poor sleep quality (PSQI). BMI and sleep quality accounted for significant variance (38%) in asthma QOL (F (2, 38) = 7.08, p = .001). Social support was an independent predictor of asthma self-efficacy (F (2, 38) = 5.65, p = .02). Better control of weight and asthma symptoms may improve sleep quality. Health care providers need to address the ongoing challenges of asthma self-management and monitor sleep quality. Encouraging the use of peak flow meters, which have been shown to improve self-management and asthma control, may result in better quality of life for African Americans’ with asthma.