Submitted by PPG Hist?ria (historia-pg@pucrs.br) on 2018-05-10T19:59:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 HELEN ROCHA ROTTA DISSERTA??O VERS?O FINAL OFICIAL PPGH.pdf: 722692 bytes, checksum: 168cace06361523d8fcf45c3ac9ea7f2 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2018-05-16T13:40:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 HELEN ROCHA ROTTA DISSERTA??O VERS?O FINAL OFICIAL PPGH.pdf: 722692 bytes, checksum: 168cace06361523d8fcf45c3ac9ea7f2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-16T13:44:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 HELEN ROCHA ROTTA DISSERTA??O VERS?O FINAL OFICIAL PPGH.pdf: 722692 bytes, checksum: 168cace06361523d8fcf45c3ac9ea7f2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-06 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / The presence and formation of Jewish identity in Brazil is usually discussed under the point of view of some great basic landmarks about the group, such as anti-semitism and its development in Americas. However, there are other perspectives about specific and daily elements, which are mainly related to the dynamics of community life of the Jews and Jewish, and how they were on Brazilian land. This research aimed to analyze these other possibilities in order to understand the formation of Jewish identity in Brazil during the period from 1945 to 1950. Furthermore, it took into account the importance of this period due to the end of authoritarian regimes, both in Brazil and Europe, the revealed traumas of the Shoah and the creation of Israel State as a Jewish place. From Porto Alegre city ? third largest capital in Jewish presence in Brazil ? it is possible to note that the face with so many changes that focus directly on Judaism, the Jewish identity in the diaspora brazilian appears to have faced long debates and internal disputes, seeking a reflection about their individual values and its consequences in the common group. These elements can be especially inferred from internal circulation journals in the Jewish community in Porto Alegre, and in the Hatikva, DROR-Zionist Socialist Youth Organization, Hamagbit and Kol Israel Almanac-Group Betar. / A presen?a e forma??o da identidade judaica no Brasil ? normalmente discutida sob o prisma de alguns grandes marcos basilares que dizem respeito ao grupo, como, por exemplo, o antissemitismo e seu desenvolvimento nas Am?ricas. No entanto, existem outras perspectivas que atentam para elementos mais particulares e cotidianos, que dizem respeito principalmente ?s din?micas da vida comunit?ria dos judeus e judias e como elas se constitu?ram em solo brasileiro. Esta pesquisa se dedica a analisar essas outras possibilidades de compreender a forma??o da identidade judaica no Brasil no per?odo de 1945 a 1950, levando em considera??o a import?ncia deste per?odo devido ao fim dos regimes autorit?rios, tanto no Brasil como na Europa, os traumas revelados da Shoah e a cria??o do Estado de Israel. A partir da cidade de Porto Alegre ? terceira maior capital em presen?a judaica no Brasil ?, ? poss?vel notar que, ao se defrontarem com tantas mudan?as que incidem diretamente no juda?smo, a identidade judaica na di?spora brasileira parece ter enfrentado longos debates e disputas internas, buscando uma reflex?o tanto dos seus valores individuais como seus desdobramentos na coletividade do grupo. Estes elementos podem ser especialmente inferidos a partir de peri?dicos de circula??o interna da comunidade judaica porto-alegrense, como no Hatikva, DROR - Organiza??o Juvenil Sionista Socialista, Kol Hamagbit e no Almanaque Israelita - Grupo Betar.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:39:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 465752.pdf: 2597446 bytes, checksum: 0a74227bc5461a9080951a3148975020 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-12-22 / Multilingualism as a social and linguistic phenomenon is still not much explored in Brazil. Even though the issue has gained much attention in the country, the international literature in the area is wider. One of the investigated issues is the crosslinguistic transfer on different levels (phonological, morphosyntactic, semantic and discourse-pragmatic) between the individual s known and used languages. The focus of the present study is to analyze the transfer on the lexical-semantic level between the previous languages learned (Portuguese as L1 and English as L2) to the written production of French as L3. More specifically, this study aims at analyzing: (1) the category of the lexical-semantic transfer, whether formal or semantic, more present in the participants written production; (2) the direction in which more lexical-semantic transfer occur, if L1-L3 or L2-L3. Two hypotheses were formulated: (1) it is assumed that, according to Ecke (2001), there will be more formal lexical transfer, which happens when the learner notices a structural similarity between L1 or L2 and the intended word in the L3 and (2) it is assumed that the transfer should more frequently happen from L2 to L3 due to the status of foreign language as in Llama, Cardoso and Collins (2007), Shooshtari (2009), Bardel and Falk (2007). Twelve (12) young adults participated in the present study, all native speakers of Portuguese (L1), English speakers as L2 with an intermediate proficiency level and French learners as L3 with a basic proficiency level. The results show that the majority of the transfer was lexical of the form typology. The source of the transfer was, in the majority of the cases, the L1. It was concluded that typological proximity can be one of the main reasons for the recurrence to the L1 in the L3 written production. / O multilinguismo como fen?meno social e lingu?stico ainda ? pouco explorado no Brasil. Embora o tema tenha conquistado espa?o no pa?s, a literatura internacional na ?rea ainda ? bem mais vasta. Um dos temas investigados relacionados ao multilinguismo ? a quest?o da transfer?ncia translingu?stica, em diferentes n?veis (fonol?gico, morfossint?tico, sem?ntico e discursivo-pragm?tico) entre as l?nguas conhecidas e utilizadas por um indiv?duo. O foco deste estudo ? analisar as transfer?ncias no n?vel l?xico-sem?ntico das l?nguas previamente aprendidas (de portugu?s como L1 e de ingl?s como L2) na produ??o escrita do franc?s como L3. Mais especificamente, a pesquisa procura: (1) investigar a categoria de transfer?ncias l?xico-sem?nticas (se, de forma ou sem?ntica) mais recorrente nas produ??es dos participantes; (2) investigar em qual dire??o ocorrem mais transfer?ncias do tipo investigado, se da L1 para a L3 ou da L2 para a L3. Duas hip?teses foram postuladas: (1) pressup?e-se, de acordo com Ecke (2001), uma maior transfer?ncia lexical de forma, que acontece quando o aprendiz observa uma similaridade estrutural entre a L1 ou a L2 e a palavra que se deseja usar na L3 e (2) pressup?e-se que a transfer?ncia deva ocorrer em maior parte no sentido L2-L3 na compara??o com a dire??o L1-L3 devido ao status de l?ngua estrangeira compartilhado pela L2 e pela L3, como nos estudos de Bardel e Falk (2007), Llama, Cardoso e Collins (2007) e Shooshtari (2009). Participaram do estudo 12 adultos jovens, falantes de portugu?s como L1, ingl?s como L2 em n?vel intermedi?rio e franc?s como L3 em n?vel b?sico. Os resultados mostram que a maior parte das transfer?ncias lexicais foi de forma. Quanto ? origem da fonte de transfer?ncia, observou-se que a maior parte das transfer?ncias teve como fonte a L1. Concluiu-se que o fator da tipologia lingu?stica (semelhan?a entre o portugu?s (L1) e o franc?s (L3)) tenha sido um dos principais motivos da recorr?ncia ? L1 na produ??o escrita na L3.

Systematizace celé problematiky vlivných spotřebitelů na základě rešerše sekundárních zdrojů a analýzy prostředí českého internetu. Výzkum konkrétní situace v oblasti videa ve vysokém rozlišení za použití kvantitativní obsahové analýzy jednotlivých zdrojů vlivných spotřebitelů a jimi používaných sociálních médií.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:12:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2006-Carlos Leonardo Bahiense da Silva.pdf: 596413 bytes, checksum: a8621533427e50251183ca94bb929c75 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-05-23 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / This dissertation aims at the study of the Shindo Renmei (The Association of the Path of the Subjects). This is a japanese secret society which appeared in S?o Paulo in 1942, quickly moving to other brazilian states. The research revealed that the emergence of the Shindo Renmei was a counter-strategy utilized by the japanese to preserve the japanese ethnicity in the tropics, in other words, to create a japanese Brazil. With the end of the Second World War, the japanese and brazilian-japanese community was divided into the victorious (kachigumi) and the defeat (makegumi). The victorious, formed by members of the Shindo and similar associations, refused to accept the defeat of Japan by the Allied Forces. Furthermore, they started to harass every japanese and his/her descendants who acknowledged that the Rising Sun had lost the war. In some cases, such japanese and brazilian-japanese thought of as the defeat were murdered by the kachigumi. The research showed that the fact that the victorious did not accept the defeat was crucially connected with the identification of a significant part of the japanese with the shintoist religion. According to such religion, the emperor and Japan were protected by the gods, being, therefore, unconquerable. The analysis also shows that the Shindo Renmei had fascist discourse, based on three elements: the cult of leader, intolerance of alterity and appreciation of the historic and national originality. / O presente trabalho tem como objeto a Shindo Renmei (Liga do Caminho dos S?ditos). Trata-se de uma sociedade secreta japonesa que surgiu em S?o Paulo, em 1942, espraiandose rapidamente para outros estados brasileiros. A pesquisa revelou que a emerg?ncia da Shindo Renmei foi uma contra-estrat?gia utilizada por nip?nicos para a manuten??o da etnicidade japonesa nos tr?picos, noutras palavras, para a forma??o de um Brasil japanizado. Com o fim da Segunda Guerra Mundial, a comunidade nip?nica e nipobrasileira dividiu-se em vitoristas (kachigumi) e derrotistas (makegumi). Os vitoristas, integrados por membros da Shindo e associa??es cong?neres, recusaram-se a aceitar a derrota do Jap?o para as for?as aliadas. Mais ainda: passaram a perseguir todos os japoneses e descendentes que reconheciam que o Sol Nascente havia perdido a guerra. Em alguns casos, tais nip?nicos e nikkeis tidos como derrotistas foram assassinados pelos kachigumi. A pesquisa mostrou que a n?o-aceita??o da derrota pelos vitoristas estava umbilicalmente atrelada ? identifica??o de parte significativa dos japoneses com a religi?o xinto?sta. Segundo tal religi?o, o imperador e o Jap?o eram protegidos pelos deuses, portanto, invenc?veis. A an?lise explicitou tamb?m que a Shindo Renmei apresentava um discurso fascista baseado na tr?ade: culto ao l?der, intoler?ncia ? alteridade, valoriza??o da originalidade hist?rica e nacional.

Informe de Seminario para optar al grado de Licenciada en Ciencias Hist?ricas / Facultad de Filosof?a y Humanidades / Desde una perspectiva hist?rica, buscamos determinar las caracter?sticas particulares de la concepci?n de la muerte y de su ritualizaci?n, en el Jap?n moderno y contempor?neo. Entendidas como construcciones socioculturales, consideramos que su punto de proyecci?n es la comunidad, especialmente el grupo familiar (ie) cohesionado a trav?s de los lazos de reciprocidad y perpetuado en lo sagrado por medio de la veneraci?n a los ancestros. A pesar de sus transformaciones y manipulaciones, la familia japonesa a?n se entiende como una comunidad eterna, pues sus miembros se mantienen unidos a?n despu?s de su deceso, en una soluci?n de continuidad entre los vivos y los muertos. Postulamos, pues, que muerte no es entendida ni representada como un corte; sino como una transici?n entre vidas comunitarias, adem?s de una posibilidad de crecimiento para el alma y un acceso a lo sagrado igualitario para todos.

In this thesis, least squares support vector machine for regression (LS-SVR) is applied to image coding. First, we propose five simple algorithms for solving LS-SVR. For linear regression, two simple Widrow-Hoff-like algorithms, in primal form and in dual form, are proposed for LS-SVR problems. The dual form of the algorithm is then generalized to kernel-based nonlinear LS-SVR. The elegant and powerful two-parameter sequential minimization optimization (2PSMO) and three-parameter sequential minimization optimization (3PSMO) algorithms are provided in detail. A predictive function obtained from LS-SVR is utilized to approximate the gray levels of the image. After pruning, only a subset of training data called support vectors is saved. Experimental results on seven image blocks show that the LS-SVR with Gaussian kernel is more appropriate than that with Mahalanobis kernel with a covariance matrix. Two-layer LS-SVR is proposed to choose the machine parameters of the LS-SVR. Before training outer LS-SVR, feature extraction is used to reduce the input dimensionality. Experimental results on three whole images show that the results with two-layer LS-SVR after reducing dimensionality are better than those with two-layer LS-SVR without reducing dimensionality in PSNR for Lena and Baboon images and they are almost the same in PSNR for F16 image.

Support vector regression has been applied to stock market forecasting problems. However, it is usually needed to tune manually the hyperparameters of the kernel functions. Multiple-kernel learning was developed to deal with this problem, by which the kernel matrix weights and Lagrange multipliers can be simultaneously derived through semidefinite programming. However, the amount of time and space required is very demanding. We develop a two-stage multiple-kernel learning algorithm by incorporating sequential minimal optimization and the gradient projection method. By this algorithm, advantages from different hyperparameter settings can be combined and overall system performance can be improved. Besides, the user need not specify the hyperparameter settings in advance, and trial-and-error for determining appropriate hyperparameter settings can then be avoided. Experimental results, obtained by running on datasets taken from Taiwan Capitalization Weighted Stock Index, show that our method performs better than other methods.

Many low matrix-porosity hydrocarbon reservoirs are productive because permeability is controlled by natural fractures. The understanding of basic fracture properties is critical in reducing geological risk and therefore reducing well costs and increasing well recovery. Unfortunately, neither geophysics nor borehole methods are, so far, accurate in the acquisition of key fracture attributes, such as density, porosity, spacing and conductivity. This study proposes a new protocol to predict key fracture characteristics of subsurface carbonate rocks and describes how using a relatively low-cost but rock-based method it is possible to obtain accurate geological information from rock samples to predict fracture attributes in nearby but unsampled areas. This methodology is based on the integration of observations of diagenetic fabrics and fracture analyses of carbonate rocks, using outcrops from the Lower Cretaceous Cupido Formation in the Monterrey Salient of the Sierra Madre Oriental, northeastern Mexico. Field observations and petrographic studies of crosscutting relations and fracture-fill mineralogy and texture distinguish six principal coupled fracturing-cementation events. Two fracture events named F1 and F2 are characterized by synkinematic calcite cement that predates D2 regional dolomitization. A third fracture event (F3) is characterized by synkinematic dolomite fill, contemporaneous with D2 dolomitization of host strata. The fourth event (F4) is characterized by synkinematic D3 baroque dolomite; this event postdates D2. The fifth fracture event (F5) is characterized by C3 synkinematic calcite, and postdates D3 dolomite. Finally, flexural slip faulting (F6) is characterized by C3t calcite, and postdates D3 dolomite. Carbon and oxygen stable isotopes were used to validate the paragenetic sequences proposed for the Cupido Formation rocks. The dolomite isotopic signatures are consistent with increasing precipitation temperatures for the various fracture cements, as is expected if fractures grew during progressive burial conditions. Three main groups of calcite cement can be differentiated isotopically. Late calcite cement may have precipitated from cool waters under shallow burial conditions, possibly during exhumation of the SMO. The development of the Structural Diagenetic Petrographic Study protocol, and its integration with geological, geophysical and engineering data, can be applied to oil fields in fractured carbonates such as those located in Mexico, to validate its applicability. / text

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