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The Effects Of Interactive Metronome Training On Female Soccer Players Timing AbilityFrimalm, Ronja January 2012 (has links)
The aim of this study was to investigate how timing training by Interactive Metronome ® (IM) affects motor timing and rhythmicity in soccer players. Twenty-four female soccer players (age 19 ± 2.8) participated, and were randomly assigned to either a control or an IM training group. All participants took part in a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) session before the start of the training period, to find out what brain areas are activated during different tempos. The fMRI outcomes indicate that some of the active areas are the inferior parietal cortex (BA 40), frontal/SMA and precentral cortex and postcentral (BA 6) and inferior frontal cortex (BA 45). Pre- and post-measurements of motor timing deviation and variability was made. The result shows that after four week of IM training a significant improvement of motor timing was found for the IM group in comparison to the control group. The findings indicate that timing training can improve timing ability in healthy sport perpetrators.
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Utvärdering och jämförelse av olika fälttester för fotbollsspelareLindfors, Marielle, Holmgren, Sara January 2012 (has links)
Different field tests are currently used in a wide extent in different levels of soccer teams. To be able to assess the players’ physiological status the tests must have high validity, reliability and external validity. Many different tests have been developt, but currently only five of these tests are most commonly used: Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test (YIRT), Yo-Yo intermittent endurance test (YIET), Multi-sprint-test, Beep-test and Cooper-test. Presently there is no definitive conclusion regarding which of these tests is most suitable for soccer players. Therefore the present study aimed to, on the basis of previous studies evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of the five most commonly used field test; to analyze the physiological requirements on soccer players with respect to their aerobic and anaerobic capacity; and last to compare among the five field tests and evaluate the validity of the field tests through comparison of field tests results with results from laboratory and soccer matches. During soccer match about 75-96 % of the energy is provided by the aerobic systems, while the rest, 4-25 %, is provided by the anaerobic systems. This fits approximately most of the results from both field tests and laboratory tests through measurement of either pulse, running distance, VO2max or lactate. Among the five tests, Yo-Yo tests (YIRT and YIET) has the best correlation to soccer match with respect to physiological demands on both aerobic and anaerobic capacities. Among the different Yo-Yo tests YIRT2 seems to be the best compared to YIET1, YIET2 and YIRT1.
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Futebol brasileiro: a trajetória do jogador de futebol profissional e o fim de sua carreiraFilho, Wilson Constantino de Araujo 27 May 2009 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2009-05-27 / Brazilian soccer: the trajectory of the professional soccer player
and the end of its career are the focus of this study, considering that this sport
is a relevant instrument in the social life, having collaborated for the
consolidation of the Brazilian national identity. The objective was to analyze the
career of the professional soccer player from the perspective of the deep
changes in the work environment, stressing the formation of the idol figure,
through its trajectory and of how the end of the career displays a context
marked by the uncertainty of the future and frustrations towards an interrupted
dream, where the reclaim of stability presents the dilemma of the acceptance of
a new identity inside or out of this sport. It was chosen to use a qualitative
methodology, especially the half-structuralized interview, with interlacement of
aspects of the theoretical referential and of the interpreting repertoires of the
citizens as well. The interview script approached subjects as soccer player
career, social ascension, social representation, the relation work/profession,
personal evaluation of the career, among others. In order to do so, four former
players of professional Brazilian soccer were interviewed, and it was also used
as data source news articles propagated in the written press and concerning
bibliographies to the considered subject. It was verified that the administration
of the sport in Brazil is lead, with rare exceptions, on an amateur way, aiming
the interest of few which, supported by statutes and formal and informal rules,
perpetuate themselves in powerful positions, harming the professionalization of
the administration of this Brazilian sport. It was also verified that the issue of the
permanence of this professional in the same segment at the end of its career
depends on an anticipated projection, being possible the entrepreneurialism or
other formats of insertion in the sport, or even the insertion in another
profession accordingly with its academic formation, if there is one / Futebol brasileiro: a trajetória do jogador profissional e o fim de sua
carreira é o foco deste estudo, considerando que esse esporte se apresenta
como um relevante instrumento na vida social, tendo colaborado para a
consolidação da identidade nacional brasileira. Buscou-se analisar a carreira do
jogador de futebol profissional a partir de uma perspectiva de profundas
mudanças no mundo do trabalho, destacando a formação do ídolo, através de
sua trajetória e de como o fim da carreira expõe um contexto marcado pela
incerteza do futuro e frustrações diante de um sonho interrompido, onde a
retomada da estabilidade social apresenta o dilema da aceitação de uma nova
identidade dentro ou fora desse esporte. Optou-se pela utilização de uma
metodologia qualitativa, especialmente a entrevista semi-estruturada, com
entrelaçamento tanto de aspectos do referencial teórico, como dos repertórios
interpretativos dos sujeitos. O roteiro de entrevista abordou temas como,
carreira do jogador, ascensão social, representação social, a relação
trabalho/profissão, avaliação pessoal da carreira, entre outros. Para tanto,
foram entrevistados quatro ex-jogadores de futebol profissional brasileiro e
também utilizou-se como fonte de dados, reportagens veiculadas na imprensa
escrita e bibliografias concernentes ao tema proposto. Verificou-se que a
administração do esporte no Brasil é conduzida, com raras exceções, de forma
amadora, visando o interesse de poucos que, amparados por estatutos e
regras formais e informais, perpetuam-se no poder, vindo a prejudicar a
profissionalização da administração desse esporte brasileiro. Verificou-se ainda
que a questão da permanência desse profissional no mesmo segmento ao fim
da carreira, confirmando o profissionalismo, depende de uma projeção
antecipada, sendo possível o empreendedorismo, outros formatos de inserção
no próprio esporte, ou ainda, a inserção em outra profissão conforme sua
formação acadêmica, quando esta existir
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Futebol brasileiro: a trajetória do jogador de futebol profissional e o fim de sua carreiraAraujo Filho, Wilson Constantino de 27 May 2009 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2009-05-27 / Brazilian soccer: the trajectory of the professional soccer player
and the end of its career are the focus of this study, considering that this sport
is a relevant instrument in the social life, having collaborated for the
consolidation of the Brazilian national identity. The objective was to analyze the
career of the professional soccer player from the perspective of the deep
changes in the work environment, stressing the formation of the idol figure,
through its trajectory and of how the end of the career displays a context
marked by the uncertainty of the future and frustrations towards an interrupted
dream, where the reclaim of stability presents the dilemma of the acceptance of
a new identity inside or out of this sport. It was chosen to use a qualitative
methodology, especially the half-structuralized interview, with interlacement of
aspects of the theoretical referential and of the interpreting repertoires of the
citizens as well. The interview script approached subjects as soccer player
career, social ascension, social representation, the relation work/profession,
personal evaluation of the career, among others. In order to do so, four former
players of professional Brazilian soccer were interviewed, and it was also used
as data source news articles propagated in the written press and concerning
bibliographies to the considered subject. It was verified that the administration
of the sport in Brazil is lead, with rare exceptions, on an amateur way, aiming
the interest of few which, supported by statutes and formal and informal rules,
perpetuate themselves in powerful positions, harming the professionalization of
the administration of this Brazilian sport. It was also verified that the issue of the
permanence of this professional in the same segment at the end of its career
depends on an anticipated projection, being possible the entrepreneurialism or
other formats of insertion in the sport, or even the insertion in another
profession accordingly with its academic formation, if there is one / Futebol brasileiro: a trajetória do jogador profissional e o fim de sua
carreira é o foco deste estudo, considerando que esse esporte se apresenta
como um relevante instrumento na vida social, tendo colaborado para a
consolidação da identidade nacional brasileira. Buscou-se analisar a carreira do
jogador de futebol profissional a partir de uma perspectiva de profundas
mudanças no mundo do trabalho, destacando a formação do ídolo, através de
sua trajetória e de como o fim da carreira expõe um contexto marcado pela
incerteza do futuro e frustrações diante de um sonho interrompido, onde a
retomada da estabilidade social apresenta o dilema da aceitação de uma nova
identidade dentro ou fora desse esporte. Optou-se pela utilização de uma
metodologia qualitativa, especialmente a entrevista semi-estruturada, com
entrelaçamento tanto de aspectos do referencial teórico, como dos repertórios
interpretativos dos sujeitos. O roteiro de entrevista abordou temas como,
carreira do jogador, ascensão social, representação social, a relação
trabalho/profissão, avaliação pessoal da carreira, entre outros. Para tanto,
foram entrevistados quatro ex-jogadores de futebol profissional brasileiro e
também utilizou-se como fonte de dados, reportagens veiculadas na imprensa
escrita e bibliografias concernentes ao tema proposto. Verificou-se que a
administração do esporte no Brasil é conduzida, com raras exceções, de forma
amadora, visando o interesse de poucos que, amparados por estatutos e
regras formais e informais, perpetuam-se no poder, vindo a prejudicar a
profissionalização da administração desse esporte brasileiro. Verificou-se ainda
que a questão da permanência desse profissional no mesmo segmento ao fim
da carreira, confirmando o profissionalismo, depende de uma projeção
antecipada, sendo possível o empreendedorismo, outros formatos de inserção
no próprio esporte, ou ainda, a inserção em outra profissão conforme sua
formação acadêmica, quando esta existir
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O TRABALHO PARA O ATLETA PROFISSIONAL DE FUTEBOL: UMA PERSPECTIVA PSICODINÂMICA.Silva, Kássia Kely Gomes 12 March 2010 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2010-03-12 / Soccer is the greatest social phenomenon in Brazil, in that it is admired and played by many
people, permeated for peculiar ideologies and fleeting waves, a reason that took us to research
its workers, the players. So, this paper has seeked to learn how the professional athletes of
soccer experience their work for the Team X? What are the feelings that they attribute to their
work as professional athletes for Team X? The labor reported experiences were systematized
and analyzed, having as substrate three macro-categories that group the established categories
a priori from the Psychodynamic approach in the paper, which are: Category 1 Professional
Journey and Identity; Category 2 Work Management Work conditions, Work Organization
and Work Relations; and Category 3 Subjective Mobilization Work Objectives,
Experiences of Pleasure and Suffering in the work and Facing Strategies. So that it was
possible, we decided to do a study of case of descriptive and exploratory character, in a soccer
team, using for technique of collecting data, semi-structured interview and documental
analyses, we interviewed 21 players, we used as inclusive criteria: being athlete of
professional soccer, male sex, hired by the X Team and taking part in the daily activities like
training and preparing. The interview guide was a leading axe having questions that
encompassed the three macro categories. The discursive analysis was used to treat the
generated data from the interview. Results showed that the history of these players have been
permeated by many fallacious discourses as their representation the society holds over their
profession, they live in a context very competitive, this characteristic of their Sport insert
them in an alienating logic, peculiar of the system instrumental logic of production, in which
subordination, denial and self-overcoming consist in conditions sine qua nom for staying in
the market. The work for the athletes still consist in recognizing source, pleasure and social
accession, which provides them with pleasurable experiences.
The athletes in the execution of their work provide happiness for the supporters, making them
to forget the daily maladies, this is important, because it justifies in many aspects the
everyday work, besides contributing in the forge of the resignification of suffering inherent to
that one. Reinforced by the media work, the athletes are considered idols, examples and
myths. Like this, it was possible to understand the meaning of the work for the Professional
soccer players, from three aspects: personal, social accession and promising career; the
professional aspects, for they are considered idols, promoters of entertainment, subjects
without culture that get rich and finally the popularity aspects, for playing soccer is a different
profession, better paid, although, the media sells a twisted image, which does not represent
the reality lived by them. But, even if the reality be contradictory, the pleasure of being a
professional athlete for these professional overcome the suffering. / O futebol consiste no maior fenômeno social do Brasil, sendo admirado e praticado por
muitas pessoas, permeado por ideologias e modismos peculiares, motivo que nos levou a
optar por pesquisar os trabalhadores - atletas profissionais de futebol. Assim, esta dissertação
buscou apreender como os atletas profissionais de futebol vivenciam seu trabalho no Clube
X? E quais os sentidos que atribuem ao seu trabalho como atleta profissional no clube X? As
experiências laborais relatadas foram sistematizadas e analisadas, tendo como substrato três
macro categorias que agruparam as categorias estabelecidas a priori da abordagem
Psicodinâmica do Trabalho, que são: Categoria 1 - Identidade e Trajetória profissionais;
Categoria 2 - Gestão do Trabalho - Condições de Trabalho, Organização do Trabalho e
Relações de Trabalho; e Categoria 3 - Mobilização Subjetiva Sentidos do Trabalho,
Vivências de Prazer e Sofrimento no Trabalho e Estratégias de Enfrentamento. Para que isto
fosse possível, optamos por realizar um estudo de caso de caráter descritivo e exploratório,
em um clube de futebol, utilizamos como técnica de coleta de dados, entrevistas semi
estruturadas e análise documental, entrevistamos 21 atletas, utilizamos como critérios de
inclusão: ser atleta de futebol profissional, do sexo masculino, contratado pelo clube X e estar
participando das práticas cotidianas do clube como treinamentos e concentrações. O roteiro de
entrevista foi um eixo norteador contendo perguntas que contemplaram as três macro
categorias. Os dados gerados pelas entrevistas foram tratados a partir de análise discursiva. Os
resultados mostraram que a trajetória destes jogadores foi permeada por muitos discursos
falaciosos quanto à representação que a sociedade possui a respeito da profissão deles, vivem
num contexto muito competitivo, esta característica do esporte insere-os numa lógica
alienante, própria da lógica instrumental do sistema de produção, onde subordinação, negação
e auto-superação consistem em condições sine qua nom de permanência no mercado. O
trabalho para os atletas consiste ainda em fonte de reconhecimento, prazer e ascensão social, o
que proporciona a eles vivências de prazer. Os atletas na execução de seu trabalho
proporcionam alegria aos torcedores, fazendo-os esquecer as mazelas do dia a dia, e isto é
importante, pois justifica em muitos aspectos o cotidiano do trabalho, além de contribuir no
fomento da ressignificação do sofrimento inerente a este. Reforçados pela atuação da mídia,
os atletas, são considerados ídolos, exemplos e mitos. Sendo assim, foi possível entender o
significado do trabalho para o atleta profissional de futebol, a partir de três aspectos: os
pessoais, de ascensão social e de carreira promissora; os aspectos profissionais, pois são
considerados ídolos, promotores de diversão às pessoas, sujeitos sem cultura que
enriqueceram; e finalmente os aspectos de popularidade, pois jogar futebol é uma profissão
diferente, melhor remunerada, porém, a mídia vende uma imagem distorcida, que não condiz
com a realidade vivida por eles. Todavia, ainda que a realidade seja contraditória, o prazer em
ser atleta profissional de futebol para estes profissionais, prevalece sobre o sofrimento.
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A prata da casa: a "mercadoria força de trabalho jogador de futebol" no Brasil pós Lei PeléSousa, Priscilla Andreata Rosa de January 2008 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2008 / CAPES / Este trabalho tem como objetivo investigar e analisar a constituição da força de trabalho específica que vem a ser o jogador de futebol e as relações de trabalho e jurídicas a ele associadas, sob o contexto das mudanças ocorridas a partir do advento do regime de acumulação flexível, da flexibilização e precarização do trabalho em geral, e das propostas de modernização do futebol. Recupera-se o contexto dos anos 90 no Brasil, notadamente a Lei Pelé e as novas determinações legais para o esporte brasileiro em geral, com o intuito de dar conta da singularidade do processo de modernização do futebol no Brasil bem como das especificidades da formação e circulação da mercadoria força de trabalho jogador de futebol, além de algumas similitudes com outras atividades, seja sob o prisma da formação, da remuneração, da relação com o empregador, da legislação ou do trabalho produtor de valor. This study has as its goal to investigate and analyze the constitution of the specific working labor which is the soccer player and working / juridical relationships associated to him. All this takes place in a context of changing occurred within the advent of system of flexible accumulation, flexibleness and precarization of work in general, and of soccer modernization proposals. The dissertation retrieves the 90‟s context in Brazil, specially the Pelé Law and the new legal determinations for Brazilian sport in general with the purpose of cover the singularity of Brazilian soccer modernization process, as well as the specifics of construction and circulation of the working labor soccer player product. This study intends also to analyze some similarities with other activities, being under the prism of training, relationship with the employer, legislation or working producing value. / Salvador
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Samband mellan knäböjstyrka och hopp- och sprintförmåga : En tvärsnittsstudie på kvinnliga elitfotbollsspelareLarsson, Madeleine January 2022 (has links)
Introduction Women’s soccer players need to train comprehensively to cope with the demands that exist during a soccer game. There are several studies on the relationship between muscle strength and jump and sprint ability. However, most studies are performed on male athletes. Aim The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between muscle strength and jump and sprint ability among elite female soccer players. Method Nine female soccer players from a Swedish elite level team were included in the study. A quantitative approach in the form of a cross-sectional study was used. The participants performed a vertical jump, a drop jump, a 55-m sprint and a three-repetition maximum (3 RM) barbell squat test. Data collection took place at two different occasions, one at a track and field training facility for jumping and sprint tests, and one in the gym of the team facility for the squat test. Results Significant correlations were observed between muscle strength and top running speed (r=0.77, p=0.15), 10-m (r=-0.66, p=0.05), 20-m (r=-0.73, p=0.03) and 30-m sprint time (r=-0.76, p=0.02). Muscle strength had non-significant correlation to drop jump (r=0.32, p=0.40) and vertical jump (r=0.40, p=0.28) performance. Drop jump performance showed significant correlation with top running speed (r=0.72, p=0.03); similar correlation was not observed between vertical jump and top running speed (r=0.55, p=0.13). Sprints and jumping ability did not show a significant correlation; vertical jump and 10-m (r=-0.10, p=0.79), 20-m (r=-0.21, p=0.59) and 30-m sprint time (r=-0.31, p=0.42) respective drop jump and 10-m (r=-0.40, p=0.28), 20-m (r=-0.46, p=0.21) and 30-m sprint time (r=-0.55, p=0.13). Conclusion These results, with support from earlier research, indicated that greater lower body strength (quantified by 3 RM squat) was related to better top running speed and 10-m, 20-m and 30-m sprint time in female soccer players. On the other hand, jumping ability had a non-significant correlation to muscle strength, sprint time or top running speed, with the exception of drop jump performance and top running speed that had a strong correlation. / Introduktion Kvinnliga fotbollsspelare behöver träna allsidigt för att klara av de krav som finns under en fotbollsmatch. Det finns flera studier utförda på samband mellan styrka och hopp- och sprintförmåga. De flesta studier är däremot utförda på manliga idrottare. Syfte Syftet med studien var att undersöka samband mellan styrka, hopp- och sprintförmåga hos elitidrottsaktiva kvinnliga fotbollsspelare. Metod Nio (n=9) kvinnliga fotbollsspelare på elitnivå i Sverige tackade ja till att delta i studien. En kvantitativ ansats i form av tvärsnittsstudie användes för att svara på studiens syfte. Deltagarna utförde ett vertikalhopptest, ett drop jump, ett 55 meters sprinttest och ett tre repetition maximal (3 RM) knäböjstest. Datainsamlingen skedde vid två olika tillfällen varav ena var på en friidrottsanläggning för sprint och hopptester och andra i ett gym för knäböjstest. Resultat Resultatet observerade att 3 RM skivstångsknäböj hade en stark signifikant korrelation med topphastighet (r=0,77, p=0,15) och acceleration 10 m (r=0,66, p=0,05), 20 m (r=-0,73,p=0,03) och 30 m (r=-0,76, p=0,02) och hade en svagare icke-signifikant korrelation med drop jump (r=0,32, p=0,40) och vertikalhopp (r=0,40, p=0,28). Topphastighet hade en signifikant korrelation med drop jump (r=0,72, p=0,03), liknande samband observerades inte med vertikalhopp (r=0,55, p=0,13). Hopptesterna noterade ingen signifikant korrelation till acceleration i studien; vertikalhopp och acceleration 10 m (r=-0,10, p=0,79), 20 m (r=-0,21, p=0,59) och 30 m (r=-0,31, p=0,42) respektive drop jump och acceleration 10 m (r=-0,40, p=0,28), 20 m (r=-0,46, p=0,21) och 30 m (r=-0,55, p=0,13). Slutsats Resultatet i studien ger en indikation till att högre relativ benstyrka, mätt med knäböj, har ett starkt samband till högre topphastighet och snabbare accelerationer upp till 30 m. Hoppförmåga har svagare samband med både styrka, acceleration och topphastighet. Undantag drop jump-test och topphastighet som har en stark korrelation.
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Determine The Effects Of Long Term Playing Soccer On The Degeneration Of Lumbar SpineAltunsoz, Omur Serdal 01 August 2006 (has links) (PDF)
The main purpose of this study was to determine whether playing soccer at high
intensity training for a long period causes degeneration of the lumbar spine or not.
This degeneration may occur without any symptoms or low back pain. Results of the
present study were discussed in the framework of lumbar disc degeneration, trunk
strength, lumbar and hip bone mineral density, trunk flexibility, activity MET scores
for active and veteran soccer groups. There have been four subject groups in this
study (15 active soccer players, 15 sedentary participants, 14 veteran soccer players,
13 sedentary participants). The BMD was measured in anterior-posterior view with a
second-generation dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) device. Isokinetic
trunk strength data were recorded with the Biodex System Dynamometer (Biobex
Medical Inc, Shirly, NY) at the 60º / /sec and 120º / /sec. Plain lateral radiographs were
taken. The presence of degenerative changes of each lumbar vertebra was determined
by using the Kellgren and Lowrence Score. A modified Schober test was used to
measure lumbar flexion. Findings of the study demonstrated that veteran soccer
players displayed greater lumbar disc degeneration than other groups. Moreover,
v
active soccer group had more BMD than other groups, but the veteran group& / #8217 / s BMD
results were not different while comparing the control participants. Isokinetic test
findings of the current study, trunk extension strength at 60/sec was significantly
higher in active 1st group players than 2nd group participants, but there were no
significant differences between the 1st group and 2nd group in terms of trunk flexion
strength and agonist/antagonist ratio at 60/sec. In conclusion, Findings of the study
support the main hypothesis that playing soccer at high intensity training at a long
period of time may cause lumbar spine degeneration. Degeneration may occur
without low back symptoms. Moreover, results supported the idea that Soccer can be
accepted an impact loading sport that are to keep or accelerate bone mineral density.
At last, having abnormal trunk extension strength while playing actively may cause
lumbar disc degeneration on the spine at later years. A similar study should be
carried out with a larger number of subjects, and longitudinal studies should be
designed to examine the factors that effect the degeneration on the lumbar spine.
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Futebol de base e produção de subjetividade: o psicólogo do esporte e a construção do atleta contemporâneo / Youth football and subjectivity production : the sport psychologist and the construction of the contemporary athleteMarina de Mattos Dantas 28 June 2011 (has links)
Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro / A proposta deste estudo foi construir uma cartografia dos modos de fazer psicologia
em centros de treinamento (CTs) de categorias de base, bem como das relações da psicologia
do esporte com outros saberes/poderes e de seus possíveis efeitos na formação do jogador de
futebol, tendo por campo empírico o cotidiano de alguns clubes de Belo Horizonte e do Rio
de Janeiro. Em aliança com os pensamentos de Félix Guattari e Gilles Deleuze,
apropriamo-nos dos escritos destes e de outros pesquisadores da Análise Institucional como
interlocutores nesta cartografia; igualmente, das contribuições de Michel Foucault sobre
sociedade disciplinar e biopoder. Estudos antropológicos e sócio-históricos também nos
ajudaram a compreender como se constrói a noção/prática de formação no futebol brasileiro
contemporâneo. Colaboraram ainda nessa composição os debates
metodológico-epistemológicos sobre História Oral, procedimento que funcionou como um
dispositivo ético-político durante todo o processo de investigação. Neste sentido, mediante
entrevistas de história oral temática, buscou-se conhecer o trabalho de quatro psicólogos do
esporte atuantes em categorias de base na atualidade. Complementarmente, observações em
centros de treinamento foram realizadas. Nesse percurso, apreendemos nuances da
instrumentalização do corpo-atleta que remetem ao processo histórico de construção dos
atuais modos de formação do jogador de futebol no Brasil. Pistas sobre os primeiros trabalhos
de Psicologia do Esporte de que se tem notícia integram tal processo, e apontam a uma
psicologia que também se instrumentalizava, tendo os testes psicométricos como principal
recurso. Em uma trajetória na qual forças mais, e menos flexíveis produzem efeitos políticos,
vê-se o aspirante a jogador de futebol transformar-se em um atleta que funciona como
jogador-peça, jogador-produto, ou mesmo jogador-empresa, a fim de realizar o almejado e
muitas vezes inquestionável sonho de ser mundialmente conhecido e aclamado. No espaço
dos CTs, disciplina e biopoder se articulam em dispositivos em prol da manutenção de uma
produção em moldes capitalísticos. Das modulações das práticas neoliberais surge ainda a
figura do empresário para gerenciar a vida dos jogadores e garantir que sejam produtos
valorizados no mercado global de boleiros. Embora ainda hoje os testes e os perfis
psicológicos sejam instrumentos hegemônicos na psicologia esportiva, as práticas desta última
são tão diversas quanto os modos de subjetivação existentes e implicam efeitos às vezes mais,
às vezes menos adaptados à promoção do rendimento esportivo e à constituição do atleta
empreendedor-de-si mesmo. / The purpose of this study was to construct a cartography about the ways of doing
psychology in youth soccer training centers (TCs), and also about relationships between sport
psychology and other knowledges/powers and their possible effects on the formation of
soccer players, having as an empirical field the daily life of some clubs of Belo Horizonte and
Rio de Janeiro. In accordance with the thought of Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari, we take
the writings of these and other researchers of Institutional Analysis as interlocutors in this
cartography; we did the same with the contribution of Michel Foucault about disciplinary
society and biopower. Anthropological and social-historic studies also helped us in
understanding how the idea / practical of formation is being built in contemporary Brazilian
soccer. Oral History methodological and epistemological debates also cooperated in that
composition, and this was a procedure that worked as an ethical-political device throughout
the research process. In this sense, with thematic oral history interviews, the aim was to get to
know the work of four sport psychologists who are active in youth soccer. In addition,
observatins were conducted in training centers. Along the way, nuances about the
instrumentalization of the body-athlete which refer to the historical process of the
construction of current modes of training soccer players in Brazil have been apprehend. Clues
about the first works in Sport Psychology which are known to us integrate this process and
point to a psychology that had been also instrumentalized, having the psychometric tests as its
main resource. In a trajectory in which forces - sometimes more, sometimes less flexible
produce political effects, the aspiring soccer player becomes an athlete who works as a piece-
player, a product-player, or even an enterprise-player in order to realize the desired, and often
unquestioned, dream of being a world-renowned and acclaimed soccer player. At TCs spaces,
discipline and biopower are articulated as devices for the maintenance of production in the
capitalistic framework. From the modulations of neoliberal practices the entrepreneur also
appears, to manage players? lives and ensure that they become high-valued products in the
global marketplace of footballers. Although the tests and psychological profiling tools are
still hegemonic in the practice of sport psychology, those practices are as diverse as the
existing modes of subjectivation and imply effects - sometimes more, sometimes less adapted
to the promotion of sport performance and to the establishment of the athlete
entrepreneur-of-itself.
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10 |
Futebol de base e produção de subjetividade: o psicólogo do esporte e a construção do atleta contemporâneo / Youth football and subjectivity production : the sport psychologist and the construction of the contemporary athleteMarina de Mattos Dantas 28 June 2011 (has links)
Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro / A proposta deste estudo foi construir uma cartografia dos modos de fazer psicologia
em centros de treinamento (CTs) de categorias de base, bem como das relações da psicologia
do esporte com outros saberes/poderes e de seus possíveis efeitos na formação do jogador de
futebol, tendo por campo empírico o cotidiano de alguns clubes de Belo Horizonte e do Rio
de Janeiro. Em aliança com os pensamentos de Félix Guattari e Gilles Deleuze,
apropriamo-nos dos escritos destes e de outros pesquisadores da Análise Institucional como
interlocutores nesta cartografia; igualmente, das contribuições de Michel Foucault sobre
sociedade disciplinar e biopoder. Estudos antropológicos e sócio-históricos também nos
ajudaram a compreender como se constrói a noção/prática de formação no futebol brasileiro
contemporâneo. Colaboraram ainda nessa composição os debates
metodológico-epistemológicos sobre História Oral, procedimento que funcionou como um
dispositivo ético-político durante todo o processo de investigação. Neste sentido, mediante
entrevistas de história oral temática, buscou-se conhecer o trabalho de quatro psicólogos do
esporte atuantes em categorias de base na atualidade. Complementarmente, observações em
centros de treinamento foram realizadas. Nesse percurso, apreendemos nuances da
instrumentalização do corpo-atleta que remetem ao processo histórico de construção dos
atuais modos de formação do jogador de futebol no Brasil. Pistas sobre os primeiros trabalhos
de Psicologia do Esporte de que se tem notícia integram tal processo, e apontam a uma
psicologia que também se instrumentalizava, tendo os testes psicométricos como principal
recurso. Em uma trajetória na qual forças mais, e menos flexíveis produzem efeitos políticos,
vê-se o aspirante a jogador de futebol transformar-se em um atleta que funciona como
jogador-peça, jogador-produto, ou mesmo jogador-empresa, a fim de realizar o almejado e
muitas vezes inquestionável sonho de ser mundialmente conhecido e aclamado. No espaço
dos CTs, disciplina e biopoder se articulam em dispositivos em prol da manutenção de uma
produção em moldes capitalísticos. Das modulações das práticas neoliberais surge ainda a
figura do empresário para gerenciar a vida dos jogadores e garantir que sejam produtos
valorizados no mercado global de boleiros. Embora ainda hoje os testes e os perfis
psicológicos sejam instrumentos hegemônicos na psicologia esportiva, as práticas desta última
são tão diversas quanto os modos de subjetivação existentes e implicam efeitos às vezes mais,
às vezes menos adaptados à promoção do rendimento esportivo e à constituição do atleta
empreendedor-de-si mesmo. / The purpose of this study was to construct a cartography about the ways of doing
psychology in youth soccer training centers (TCs), and also about relationships between sport
psychology and other knowledges/powers and their possible effects on the formation of
soccer players, having as an empirical field the daily life of some clubs of Belo Horizonte and
Rio de Janeiro. In accordance with the thought of Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari, we take
the writings of these and other researchers of Institutional Analysis as interlocutors in this
cartography; we did the same with the contribution of Michel Foucault about disciplinary
society and biopower. Anthropological and social-historic studies also helped us in
understanding how the idea / practical of formation is being built in contemporary Brazilian
soccer. Oral History methodological and epistemological debates also cooperated in that
composition, and this was a procedure that worked as an ethical-political device throughout
the research process. In this sense, with thematic oral history interviews, the aim was to get to
know the work of four sport psychologists who are active in youth soccer. In addition,
observatins were conducted in training centers. Along the way, nuances about the
instrumentalization of the body-athlete which refer to the historical process of the
construction of current modes of training soccer players in Brazil have been apprehend. Clues
about the first works in Sport Psychology which are known to us integrate this process and
point to a psychology that had been also instrumentalized, having the psychometric tests as its
main resource. In a trajectory in which forces - sometimes more, sometimes less flexible
produce political effects, the aspiring soccer player becomes an athlete who works as a piece-
player, a product-player, or even an enterprise-player in order to realize the desired, and often
unquestioned, dream of being a world-renowned and acclaimed soccer player. At TCs spaces,
discipline and biopower are articulated as devices for the maintenance of production in the
capitalistic framework. From the modulations of neoliberal practices the entrepreneur also
appears, to manage players? lives and ensure that they become high-valued products in the
global marketplace of footballers. Although the tests and psychological profiling tools are
still hegemonic in the practice of sport psychology, those practices are as diverse as the
existing modes of subjectivation and imply effects - sometimes more, sometimes less adapted
to the promotion of sport performance and to the establishment of the athlete
entrepreneur-of-itself.
|
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